Multiple-Choice Test

Background
Regression
COMPLETE SOLUTION SET
1.

The average and standard deviation of the following numbers are

2 4 10
(A) 6.0, 4.0857
(B) 6.0, 4.2783
(C) 7.2, 4.0857
(D) 7.2, 4.4757
Solution
The correct answer is (B)
n

Average = x

x
i 1

n
2 4 10 12 1.6 6.4

6
6.0

x
i 1

n 1
6

x
i 1

6 1

12

1.6 6.4

(2 6) 2 (4 6) 2 (10 6) 2 (12 6) 2 (1.6 6) 2 (6.4 6) 2

5

16 4 16 36 19.36 0.16
5

91.52
5
4.2783

2.

The average of 7 numbers is given 12.6. If 6 of the numbers are 5, 7, 9, 12,17 and 10,
the remaining number is
(A) -47.9
(B) -47.4
(C) 15.6
(D) 28.2

Solution
The correct answer is (D)

If x is the remaining number, then

5 7 9 12 17 10 x
12.6
7
x 12.6 7 5 7 9 12 17 10
88.2 (60)
28.2

3.

The average and standard deviation of 7 numbers is given a 8.142 and 5.005,
respectively. If 5 numbers are 5, 7, 9, 12 and 17, the other two numbers are
(A) -0.1738, 7.175
(B) 3.396, 12.890
(C) 3.500, 3.500
(D) 4.488, 2.512

Solution
The correct answer is (D)

From the average of the numbers being 8.142, we have

5 7 9 12 17 x y
8.142
7
x y 8.142 7 5 7 9 12 17
x y 7
From the standard deviation being 5.005, we have

5 8.1422 7 8.1422 9 8.1422 12 8.1422

2
2
2
17 8.142 x 8.142 y 8.142
7 1

(1)

5.005

x 8.1422 y 8.1422
5.005 2 6 5 8.1422 7 8.1422 9 8.1422 12 8.1422 17 8.1422
x 2 16.284 x 66.292 y 2 16.284 y 66.292 45.039
x 2 y 2 16.284( x y ) 87.544

From equation (1)

x 7 y
then
(7 y ) 2 y 2 16.284(7 y ) 16.2840 y 87.544

y 2 14 y 49 y 2 16.284 y 16.284 y 113.988 87.544

2 y 2 14 y 64.988 87.544
2 y 2 14 y 22.556 0
Using the quadratic equation solution

(2)

gives

(14)

142 4 2 22.556
2 2

14 15.552
4

y 4.488
or
y 2.512

Thus,

x 2.512
or
x 4.488

Hence x, y (4.488,2.512) or (2.512, 4.488) , which are the same pair of numbers.

4.

The sum of the square of the difference between data point and its average for the
data is
2 5 10 12 2.5 6.7
(A) 4.023
(B) 13.49
(C) 16.19
(D) 80.93

Solution
The correct answer is (D)

The sum of the squares of the differences, also called summed squared error (SSE) St is given by
n

S t yi y

i 1

where
2 5 10 12 2.5 6.7
6
6.366

Thus,
n

2 y i y 2
i 1

(2 6.366) 2 (5 6.366) 2 (10 6.366) 2 (12 6.366) 2 (2.5 6.366) 2 (6.7 6.366) 2
19.06 1.865 13.20 31.74 14.94 0.1115
80.91

5.

Two medications are tried to heal esophageal ulcers in patients. The time to heal is
reported as the time the patient reports 1 or less heartburn episode per week.
Pacalo Reggon
26

25

23

31

21

32

25

23

32

19

37

26

The medication with less recovery time with standard deviation and mean is
(A) Pacalo, x 27.33, 6.022 2
(B) Reggon, x 26.00, 4.900
(C) Pacalo, x 27.33, 5.497

(D) Pacalo, x 27.33, 6.022

Solution
The correct answer is (B)

The mean of Pacalo is

26 23 21 25 32 37
x
6
164

6
27.33
The standard deviation of Pacalo is

26 27.332 23 27.332 21 27.332 25 27.332 32 27.332 37 27.332

6 1
1.768 18.74 40.06 5.428 21.80 93.50
5

181.3
5
6.022

The mean of Reggon is

25 31 32 23 19 26
x
6
156

6
26
The standard deviation of Reggon is

25 262 31 262 32 262 23 262 19 262 26 262

6 1
1 25 36 9 49 0
5

120
5
4.900

6.

A very large number of data points are chosen on a function y 3e 2 x from x 0.2 to
2.1. The average value of these values most nearly is
(A) 51.5
(B) 78.2
(C) 97.8
(D) 102

Solution
The correct answer is (A)

Since a very large number of points are chosen, the average will be close to the mean of
the function.
b

f x dx
a

ba
2.1

3e

2x

0.2

2.1 0.2
97.79

1.9
51.5