3

1.) If the following statements are True, Place a T in the line before the statement. If False, place
an F. (2 points each)
T

A closed system can exchange heat, work but not matter with the surroundings.

U for the isothermal vaporization of benzene to a gas is zero.

The units of Latm is a form of energy

Using mean bond enthalpy is the most accurate way to calculate the heat of a reaction
(rH).

A spontaneous process always proceeds to a state of lower energy.

Lowering the temperature of a substance always decreases its entropy.

For questions 2 - 4, circle the correct answer (4 points each).

2.) Given the Boltzmann distribution equation:

N2
! E !E k T
= e ( 2 1) B
N1

a.) N2 / N1 represent the ratio of entropy between the two energy states.
b.) At infinitely high temperatures, only the highest energy state is occupied.
c.) At very low temperatures (~0K) only the lowest energy state is occupied.
d.) kB is a rate constant in the reaction.
e.) the exponent of : (E2 E1)/kBT ; has units of energy (Joules).
3.) The reason H is equal to zero for an adiabatic expansion of a gas is because:
a.) U also equals zero and (nRT) is zero.
b.) there is no exchange of heat in this process so H = 0.
c.) the temperature remains constant.
d.) the heat loss is equal, but opposite in magnitude, to the work done.
e.) the statement is false, H does not equal zero for an adiabatic expansion of a gas.
4.) Enthalpy is best defined as:
a.) the heat of combustion.
b.) the energy contained within a system
c.) the sum of the internal energy and the pressure-volume product of a system
d.) the sum of the kinetic and potential energies
e.) work not limited to pressure-volume work

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May not be re-distributed without prior written consent of course instructor.

4
5.) In the table below, fill in the columns labeled : q, w, U, H, S, with either a positive sign (+),
negative sign (), or exactly zero (0) to predict the quantity for the system in each process
described. (2 points each)
Process

Sublimation of dry ice (CO2) at room temperature

Isothermal reversible expansion of O2 gas.

Cooling water from 40C to 10C.

6.) (5 points) Calculate S for the process of heating 1.00 Liter of liquid water from 0.00C to
100.C. (Be sure your answer is in proper units)

!S = CP ln

T2
T1

# 1cal &
# 1000mL &# 4.184J &
)1
CP = %
( (1L ) %
(%
( = 4,184J " K
$ mL " K '
$ L '$ cal '
373
!S = ( 4,184J " K )1 ) ln
273
)1
!S = 1, 305.8J " K
!S = 1.31 kJ " K )1

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May not be re-distributed without prior written consent of course instructor.

5
7. (11 points). Below is a scan from a Differential Scanning Calorimetry experiment for a
wildtype protein and a mutant protein. Please refer to the diagram in answering the questions.

Wildtype
Mutant

70

Cp (kJ/molK)

60
50
40
30
20
10

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

T (C)
Estimate the "melting temperature" for the mutant protein (nearest 5C)?

60C

Estimate the " melting temperature " for the wildtyp protein (nearest 5C)?

65C

Which is more thermostable (wildtype or mutant)?

Wildtype

Which has a larger enthalpy of unfolding (wildtype or mutant)?

Wildtype

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May not be re-distributed without prior written consent of course instructor.

6
8.) (10 points) The heat capacity of a solid lead oxide is given as:
CP,m = 44.35 + 1.47 !10 "3 T (units of JK-1mol-1)

Calculate the total change in enthalpy of 725.4 gram of lead oxide when cooled from 750K
to 300K at constant pressure. The molecular mass of lead oxide is 223.2 g/mol and the
density is 23.1 g/cm3.

Tf

!H = n " CP,m dT
Ti

!H =

300 K
725.4 g
44.35 + (1.47 %10 $3 ) T dT
$1 "
223.2 g # mol 750 K

300 K

&
1.47 %10 $3 2 )
!H = 3.25mol % (44.35T +
T +
2
'
*750 K
!H = 3.25mol (13, 371J / mol $ 33, 676J / mol )
!H = $66.0 kJ

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May not be re-distributed without prior written consent of course instructor.

7
9.) (12 points). Many thermophilic bacteria live in hot anaerobic environments. Therefore, they
breakdown glucose to lactic acid at high temperatures. Given the information below
(@298K), calculate the enthalpy for this reaction at 90.0C, the temperature where they live.
C6H12O6 ! 2CH3CH(OH)COOH
Compound
C6H12O6
CH3CH(OH)COOH

M/ (gmol-1)
180.16
90.08

fH (kJmol-1)
-1,273.3
-694.0

CP,m (JK-1mol-1)
219.2
127.0

! r H 90 = ! r H 25 + !CP ( 90 " 25)

! r H 25 = 2 ("694, 000J / mol ) " ("1, 273, 300J / mol )
! r H 25 = "114, 700J / mol

!CP = nCP,m ( Products) " nCP,m ( Reactants)

!CP = 2 (127.0J # K "1 # mol "1 ) " ( 219.2J # K "1 # mol "1 )
!CP = 34.8J # K "1 # mol "1
! r H 90 = ! r H 25 + !CP ( 90 " 25)
! r H 90 = "114, 700J + (34.8J # K "1 # mol "1 ) (363" 298K )
! r H 90 = "112, 438J # mol "1
! r H 90 = "112 kJ # mol"1

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May not be re-distributed without prior written consent of course instructor.

8
10. (10 points). Calculate the total enthalpy change of the process where 2.00 moles of water
vapor (36mL) at 120.0C, is cooled to a liquid at a final temperature of 20.0C. The Enthalpy
of vaporization of water is 40.7 kJ/mol, and enthalpy of fusion of water is 6.01 kJ/mol, the
molar heat capacity of steam is 37.47 Jmol-1K-1, and the molar mass of water is 18.01 g/mol.
Three steps than add together
Step 1) cool water vapor from 120 to 100C
!H = nCP,m !T = ( 2.00mol ) 37.47J " mol #1 " K #1 (100 #120 )

!H = #1, 498.8J
Step 2) condense 2 mole water at 100C
! cond H = "! vap H = "n! vap H m = " ( 2mol ) 40, 700kJ # mol "1 = "81, 400J

Step 3) cool water from 100C to 20C

" 1cal %" 18.01g %" 4.184J %
!H = nCP,m !T = ( 2.00mol ) $
'$
' ( 20 (100 )
'$
# g &# mol &# cal &
!H = (12, 056.6J

Overall H Process = H(step1) + H(step2) + H(step3)

Overall H = -1,498.8 + -81,400 + -12,056.6 J/K
Overall H = 94,955J ! 95.0 kJ

Copyright UC Regents Davis campus, 2005-11. All Rights Reserved.

May not be re-distributed without prior written consent of course instructor.