Name

: Suciati Aditiya Soraya

Nim

: 15220063

Class

: B1 2015 BP/ CR

Subject

: Midterm of Instructional Media

Lecturer

: Rissa San Rizqiya,M.Pd

A. Realia
1. Realia Definition
There are many definition of realia, in general definition REALIA is all thing or all
real object that we use in the classroom to bring the class to show into real life. As
for some of opinion from experts on the definition of ralia. One of which is
Zukowski-Faust (1997),Realia is concrete objects and paraphernalia of everyday life.

2. Why we should use realia???

Khinesthetic learning support to realia because kinesthetic learning is the
type of learning that students will most very active.
Realia brings a welcome change in the class.
The students are often more interesting than material on text books.
Students will be expected to use real material when they leave the class.

3. Using realia
a) For young learners
b) For learning vocabulary/grammar
c) With reading instruction
d) Use in role play
4. Implementation

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B. Audio

We may teach a subject with flashcards and picture etc. However, if we bring realia
students will be surprised and thrilled and will never forget this lesson. Here are some
ways to take full advantage of the possibilities offered by the use of realia in the
classroom.
a) 5 oclock tea : This is by far the best way toach table manners, request,or
expressions related to ordering or serving tea, coffe, or any meal in a home
setting.
b) Location, location, location : to teach prepositions of place, also for teaching
this that and these
c) Tell me about your family
d) Lets have a fashion show : children love to play dress up, and what a better
way for them to learn items of clothing and colors
Activities Involving Realia
a) About me: stick them on a piece of card or on a cork board. Get studets to ask
you about the items to gather information about you.
b) Identity envelopes
c) Island survival
d) Recycling race
New uses for realia
a) Specific grammar points
Scissors and the present perfect tense
A corkscrew, a bottle opener, action and state verb
A tie and prepositions
A pencil sharpener and reduce relative clause
b) Drills
A whistle a pronunciation drill
An empty bottle and a drill
A ruler and a drill
c) Free speaking activities
Discussion and a microphone
Tennis balls and conversation
The advantages of using realia
a) Realia breathes life into new vocabulary
b) Accessible
c) Relevant
d) Visually interesting and captures the attention of the learner
e) Makes the lesson more interesting and enjoyable
f) Helps students to discover and process new input
Disadvantages of using realia
a) Real object may not support a cultural distinction
b) Activities with real objects might lose the class path
c) Spending too much time in one activity with real object in the class
Tips and warning
a) Prepare your materials and supplies before the lesson
b) Make all photocopies necessary or cut flashcard
c) There must be : a purpose of the language And content, accordance with
level, age, complexity, students interest and needs.
Conclusion
You will have probably realized by now that including realia in the classroom
involves a great deal of preparation in some cases. Is it really worth you time? The
answer is, yes. Absolutely! And your students face will be living proof.

1. Audio Definition
An electrical or digital representation sound. Aural means of or relating sense of
hearing and oral means speaking.
2. Role of audio
To teach listening skill
To teach pronunciation and intination
3. Characteristics of audio media
Clarity of voice
Relevant to the topic
Clear pitch of the audio
Appropriate lenght
Appropriate language
Unbiased contents
4. Advantages of audio media
Useful to add mantain and stimulate interest
Can be use as a set induction strategy
Can clarify problems and ambiguity
Useful in distant learning
Can be use in stimulating emotions
Can aid memory
Helpful in learning language
5. Disadvantages of audio media
Need more monitoring
Controling devide is hard
Cant learn read
consume time
ascessing or selecting topics
6. Type of audio
Analog : radio, tapes
Digital: cd, mp3, and WAP.
C. Computer Based
1. Definition Computer Based Media
Computer-based learning is a term that can be used to describe virtually any kind of
learning program using computers as a central staple. It can also be combined with
traditional teaching methods to enhance the overall educational. Computer-based
learning is also known as computer-aided instruction.
2. Characteristic of computer based learning
Utilize of the computer (digital media and network technology/computer
network).
Utilizing electronic technologies
Using the media is independent (self learning materials)
Utilizing Data Exchange (Information sharing)
3. The role of computer based in learning activities
a) Cognitive objective
b) The purpose of affective
c) Psychomotor objectives
4. The advantages of computer based learning
a) Provide opportunities for students to solve problems individually
b) Provide compelling presentations with animation
c) Provide learning content choices are many and varied

d) Capable of motivating students to learn

e) Capable of activating and stimulating methods of teaching well
f) Promoting the development of students' understanding of the material
presented
g) Stimulate students to learn with passion, the material presented easily
understood by students.
5. The disadvantages of computer based learning
a) Learners with low motivation or bad study habits may fall behind
b) Without the routine structures of a traditional class, students may get lost or
confused about course activities and deadlines
c) Students may feel isolated from the instructor and classmates
d) Instructor may not always be available when students are studying or need
help
e) Slow Internet connections or older computers may make accessing course
materials frustratin
6. Example
Training and practice : In this computer-based learning students are given
questions or problems to be solved and then the computer will give a
response to the answers given student.
Tutorial : This learning model provides a lesson plan that is complex
contains learning materials, exercises and feedback.
Simulations : This learning model presents a system of learning by a process
of imitation of the real thing in the form of animation.
D. Visual
1. Definition of visual media
Livering Visual media is delivering message or information in technical and creative
which display images,graphics, and layout and its location clearly, so receiver
messages and ideas are acceptable targets.
2. The principle of concidering using visual media
An outline of the principle od visual media selection is ctegorized as follows:
a) Accurancy in the choice of visual media
b) Make a visual medium so effective that form visual media made as simple as
possible so easy to understand
c) Visual media selected should be appropriate to the learning objectives to be
achieved
d) Visual media should be flexibel
e) Use pictures to distinguish two different concept
f) The caption should be included in outline and the use of color should be
realistic
3. Advantages visual media
a) Generally less cost
b) Easy to get
c) Easy to use
d) Can clarify thing
e) More realistic
f) Repeatable
g) Can be more attractive,effective, and efficient
h) The learning process will be more funand not saturate
i) Can overcome the limitations of space and time
4. Disadvantages visual media

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

The image is often less precise in teaching large groups

Requires availability of resources and skills, and teachers can use foresight
Slower and less practical
Can only give a visual e of image that represent the content the of the news
Visual material is viewed as a tool only for teachers in their teaching
activities
5. Example of visual media
a) Non visual media projection
Real object
Model and prototype
Printed media (textbook,modul,magazine,etc)
Graphic media (picture,cartoon,graphic,caricature,diagram,etc)
b) Visual media projection (power point,hand and row,autocad,paint,etc)

E. Audio-visual media
1. Definition of audio visual media
Audio visual media is media that havee an element of sound and image element. This
type of media has a better ability, as it covers both types of media auditory (hearing)
and visual (seeing). Media audiovisual is an audiovisual tools which means the
material or equipment used in a learning situation to help the writing and spoken
word in transmitting knowledge, attitudes, and ideas.
2. Planning process making learning media audio visual
a) Determine the style of the picture
b) Sketching pictures
c) Importing sketch
3. The process making media audio visual
a) Pre production stage
Main idea
Scenario
Breakdown scenario
Cust plann
Looking for production team
Production schedule
Hunting location
Preparing custom and property
Preparing tools
Actor casting
b) Productions stage
Layout setting
Lighting
Sound
Custom
Cosmetic by
c) Pasca production stage
Editing process
Review editing process
Presentation and evaluate

4. The kind of media audio visual

a) Pure audio visual
Sound film
Video
Television
b) No pure audio visual (film bingkai suara).
5. Advantages of using media audio visual
a) Can supplement the basic experience of student when they
read,discuss,practice,and other.
b) Can accurately describe a process thet can witnessed repeated if necessary.
c) To encouraging and improving motivation
d) Can be shown to groups large and small,heterogeneous group,or individual.
e) The ability and shooting technique,frame by frame.
6. Disadvanteges of using media audio visual
a) The audience will not be able to follow properly if the movies is playing to
past
b) What has passed is difficult to be repeated unless the roll back as a whole
c) The cost of making and crockery is quite high and expensive.