Formulas

And
Beam Deflections and Slopes
For

CE 207 Mechanics of Materials II

Comprehensive Final Examination

Exam Number:
Name:

Instructions:

1) Do not remove staple.

2) Do not write in this booklet.
3) You must turn this booklet in with your final exam.

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CE-207 Common Final Exam Formulas

CalPoly Civil Engineering

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CE-207 Common Final Exam Formulas

CalPoly Civil Engineering

Centroids and Moments of Inertia

Q x y d A yA

Q y x d A xA

J r2 dA

J Ix Iy

Ix y2 dA

I y x2 d A

I I Ad 2

1 3
bh
12
1 3
I y'
b h
12
x
1
I x bh 3
3
x
1
I y b3h
3
1
JC
bh (b 2 h 2 )
12
I x'

C
b

y
r
C

4r/3

x
x

1
bh 3
36
1 3
Ix
bh
12

I x'

h
x

h/3

x
b

8 4

I x'
r
8 9
1
Ix Iy r4
8
1
JO r4
4

Ix Iy

r
O

JO

1
r4
4

1
r4
2

1-D Stress Components

max

P
A

3V
rectangle
2A

max

My
I

4V
solid circle
3A

max

VQ
It

2V
thin tube
A

H VQ

I
x

2
3V
y
Shear stress distribution in a rectangle:
1
2 A
c

where y is measured from the neutral axis and c is the half-height of the beam (c = h/2)

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Tr
J

CE-207 Common Final Exam Formulas

CalPoly Civil Engineering

1-D Deformations

Axial Deformation:

PL
AE

Torsional Deformation:

P( x)
dx
AE

TL
JG

T ( x)
dx
JG
0

Power in a circular shaft: P 2 f T

T T

Thermal Strain:

Unrestrained Change in Length of Rod due to Temperature Change:

T T L

is the coefficient of thermal expansion and T is the change in temperature from a reference temperature

Relationships Between Stress and Strain

1
x y z
E
E
E

1
y x y z
E
E
E

1
z x y z
E
E
E

xy

z
x
x

xz

x 2G x y z

yz

y x 2G y z

xz

z x y 2G z

Plane stress (z = yz = zx= 0) :

Defined for uniaxial

stress in the x-direction

yz

xy

E
E

y
2 x
1
1 2
E
E

y
y
2 x
1
1 2

E
2(1 )

(1 )(1 2 )

Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels

Open Cylinder

Hoop h

pr
t

Longitudin al l 0

Closed Cylinder

Hoop h

pr
t

Longitudin al l

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Sphere

Hoop only h

pr
2t

pr
2t

CE-207 Common Final Exam Formulas

CalPoly Civil Engineering

2D Stress Transformation and Mohrs Circle for Stress

x
y'

x y
2
x y
2

xy '

x y
2

x y
2
x y
2

cos( 2 ) xy sin( 2 )
cos( 2 ) xy sin( 2 )

sin( 2 ) xy cos( 2 )

2 xy

tan( 2 p )

AVE

tan( 2 S )

x y

x y
2 xy

y
xy 2
x
2
2

1
C x y
2

R max

aAVE + R
bAVE R

2D Strain Transformation and Mohrs Circle for Strain

( ) x cos 2 ( ) y sin 2 ( ) xy sin( ) cos( )

x
y'
xy '
tan( 2 p )

AVE

x y
2
x y

x y
2
x y

cos( 2 )

xy
x y

1
C x y
2

sin( 2 )

xy

sin( 2 )
2
2
x y sin( 2 ) xy cos( 2 )
2

cos( 2 )

xy

tan( 2 S )

y xy

R
x
2
2 2
2

max

x y
xy

aAVE + R
bAVE R

Yield Criteria for Ductile Metals (Plane Stress)

Yields when 2 max Y

Tresca (maximum shear stress)

Factor of Saftey

2 max

Yields when a a b b Y
2

von Mises (maximum distortion energy)

Factor of Saftey Y

a2 a b b2

Where max is the maximum shearing stress that may occur in-plane or out-of-plane.

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CE-207 Common Final Exam Formulas

CalPoly Civil Engineering

Beams (Differential Equilibrium and Deflections)

x y '

dy
dx

V x

d
d2y
y' ' 2
dx
dx

M x EI x EIy ' ' EI

dM
d d2y
EI 2

dx
dx
dx

V ( x ) w( x ) dx C1

w x

dV
d2 d2y
2 EI 2
dx dx
dx

M ( x ) V ( x ) dx C 2

( x ) ( x ) dx C3

d2y
dx 2

( x)

M
EI

y ( x ) ( x ) dx C 4

Euler Buckling
Pcr

2 EI
Le

Pinned-Pinned
Le = L

cr

2E
Le
r

Fixed-Free
Le = 2L

Fixed-Pinned
Le = 0.7L

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I
A

Fixed-Fixed
Le = 0.5L

CE-207 Common Final Exam Formulas

CalPoly Civil Engineering

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