A cavitron device which holds a liquid claner& uses a vibrating action to clean instruments prior

to sterilization is called a:
Ultrasonic scaler

Collimators limit the size and shape of the:

X-ray beam reaching the patient

Radiographic equipment that can be sterilized include:

film holder

Whether using the manual or automatic processing techniques, improper handling can result in:
Film sticking together

The process of destroying most microorganisms, but not spores is called:

Disinfection

As an x-ray operator, which of the following procedures will help reduce your x-ray exposure?
All of the above
Standing 6 feet away from the tubehead
standing behing a barrier or outside of the room
never hold the tubehead

one of the advantages of being able to enhance a digital image is that:

Fewer retakes should be necessary

If a film produces milky and is not transparent this is known as

overexposed

A sharps container should be which of the following

red, puncture resistant, marked biohazard, closeable

Which work restiriction is indicated for dental staff exposed to TB?

Exclude from duty until proven noninfectious

What is mean by privileged

patients have the authority regarding disclosure of personal information

The function of the raised embossed dot on the surface of the film is to determine the :
Right & Left side of the mouth

Which of the following procedures cannot be delegated to a dental assistant?

Delivery & adjustment to a finished partial

Disposable items used in the dental office include all of the following except:
Oxygen inhalation

Another name for target is

Anode

Which statement concerning Hepatitis B vaccination is true

All of the above

employer must provide to all full time employees who may be exposed.
employer must provide at no cost.
must be documented in the employee medical history record

who may administer deep sedated/general anesthesia to a patient in the dental office?
none of the above
only an surgeon
a registered dental assistant under direct supervision of either a licensed dentist/nurse.
license dentist with training & permit, registered nurse anesthetist, or surgical anesthesiologist.

How many minutes should you manually develop a radiorgraph at what temperature.
5 min @ 68 degrees F

X -rays are produced when high speed electrons strike a

Target

I is acceptable to clean contaminated instruments by scrubbing them with soap & water, by hand,
prior to sterilization.
True

Under which of the following circumstances may a licensed dentist delegate a dental assistant to
apply pit & fissure sealants?
dentist is a Medicaid provider or serves in an area determined to be underserved by the Department
of Human Services

X-ray filterd are usually made of:

Aluminum

What is the appropiate amount of time to flush the high speed handpiece between patients?
20-30 seconds

Not following the recommended infection control procedures is considered to be unsafe to the
public's health, welfare, & safety
A. True

A foreshortened image on a dental radiograph is most likely caused by:

Excessive vertical angulation

What exposure error is eliminated if the central ray is directed between the interproximal areas?
Horizontal overlapping

Preventing cross-contamination when exposing dental films can be achieved by the use of
Barrier film packets

Two major types of dental examinations are:

intraoral & extraorally

The technique of choice when utilizing the rinn is

Paralleling technique

Patients with the following disease would not be treated for routing treatment?
Herpes

To reduce cross contamination the appropriate way to store exposed radiographs prior to
processing is in:
Disposable cups

Reduction of the amount for aerosol spray & spatter can be accomplished by:
All of the above
use of a rubber dam
use of high velocity evacuation
Using a face shield

Which statement best describes the duties delegated to a dental assistant?

A licensed dentist may delegate to a qualified & trained dental assistant acting under the dentist
direct supervision acting under the dentist direct supervision any dental act that a reasonable or
prudent dentist would find is within the scope of sound dental judgement.

Whether using the manual or automatic processing techniques, improper handling can result in
Films sticking together

Warning labels or stickers must contain appropriate warnings according to:

All of the above

Under what circumstances may a licensed dentist delegate a dental assistant to use a rubber
prophylaxis cup & polishing material on a patient's teeth?
To prepare to smooth surface of the tooth for sealants; cleanse the tooth surface prior to bonding
orthodontic brackets removing calculus

The purpose of this film is to record the entire tooth including 4 mm of the bone surrounding the
apical areas:
Periapical

Which of the following tissues is considered to be the most radioresistant?

Muscle & nerve

the dental ______ unit contains an instrument tray, air/water syringe, holders and power
hoses for handpieces
delivery

the _______ controls the compressed air needed for the handpieces (foot pedal)
rheostat

the ________ delivery unit is usually attached to the _______ unit and contains hook-up
hoses for high and low volume suction, and air/water syringe
assistant's
cuspidor

what is the safest means of cleaning and disinfecting contaminated sharp instruments?
ultrasonic cleaning unit

________ is the complete destruction of all life forms of bacteria and viruses
sterilization

the most common sterilizer unit is called an _______, another is the chemiclave, another
is the ___ ____ oven
autoclave
dry heat oven

the high speed handpiece runs at speeds of approximately _______-_______ rev per
minute
250,000-400,000

how does the high speed handpiece cool the tooth?

with a water spray

what can be damaged by heat from drilling?

the pulp

the bulk of dental caries removal and cavity prep is performed with the high speed
handpiece using a ___ (rotary dental instrument) that is held in place by the _______
bur
collet

the high speed is how many pieces?

the low speed is how many pieces?
one
two

denture adjustments are made with ______ burs

deep decay is removed with a _____ bur
teeth can be polished using a _____ angle
acrylic
round
prophy

_______ are metal shafts used to hold polishing discs

mandrels

3 parts of a bur?
head, neck, shank (shank goes into handpiece)

_____-type bur has a notch at the end and is held in place by closing the latch lock
latch

the most commonly used materials to make burs? (2)

carbide steel
diamond-coated carbide steel

dental _____ mounted on shafts are used to finish and polish dental restorations. rubber
wheels and points also
stones

mouth mirror can be used to see teeth better and also for?
tongue retraction or of the cheek

what are used for placing and removing small items in the mouth?
cotton pliers

a rubber cup is filled with prophy _____ used to polished the patient's teeth. these can
also be used with a rotary brush tip
paste

if the procedure involves bonding or sealant, _____ is used instead of prophy paste
pumice

______ are used to remove plaque and calculus deposits

scalers

a _______ is an electronic dental instrument used for scaling. it uses ______

frequencies to remove calculus buildup and stains.
Cavitron
ultrasonic

scaler tips are cooled with _____ and ______ at a high frequency
water
vibrate

a suture set-up includes

A. suture scissors
B. needle holder
C. needle with suture
D. all of the above
D

professional terminology is pulling teeth with pliers. T/F?

F. extracting with dental forceps

endodontic ______ is used to locate orificies of pulp canals in the pulp chamber
explorer

endodontic ____ is used to set rubber stops and measure approx and exact lengths of
pulp canals
ruler

________ is for condensing gutta percha points laterally

________ is for condensing gutta percha points vertically
spreader
plugger

which two instruments are used to instrument (clean and shape) pulp canals before
filling them with gutta percha?
reamers
files

______ have fewest cutting edges and are not aggressive

reamers

_____ have more cutting edges and are sharper and used for quick instrumenting of
pulp canals
K-files

which file has the SHARPEST and MOST AGGRESSIVE cutting edges?
Hedstrom files

if the set-up has a gingival retraction cord, what procedure might be done?
crown prep

if the set-up has periosteal elevators and GelFoam (helps with blood clot formation),
what procedure might be done?
oral surgery

____ ____ forceps are used for extraction of mandibular ANTERIOR teeth
Bird Beak

________ forceps are used to extract molars.

two-horn for ______ molars and three-horn for ______ molars
Cowhorn
mandibular
maxillary

the most common types of _______ are straight and east/west. these can be used to
loosen teeth and retrieve fragments of broken teeth
elevators

_______ elevators are used for prying gingival tissue away from bone and hold tissue
out of the way
periosteal

_______ closely resemble forceps EXCEPT for the connection between the handles
(cutting edges for removal of jagged interproximal bone)
Rongeurs

____ sutures must be removed BY DENTIST in 5-7 days after proceure

___ sutures dissolve on own within 5 days
silk
gut

what should you handle a scalpel blade with?

needle holder

_______ is a technique performed during administration of local anesthetic to check for

presence of blood
aspiration

base or liner are used for pulpal _______

insulation

amalgam is mixed in the _______ or amalgamator

triturator

triturator
carrier
condensor
burnisher
carver
articulating paper
oRDER OF INSTRUMENTS USED FOR WHAT
AMALGAM RESTORATIONS

pumice is used to clean the _____ of a tooth in a composite resin restoration

enamel

anterior composite resin restorations used matrix made by a ______ strip

celluloid

composite instrument also called ______ instrument

plastic

the endodontic ruler is calibrated in __

mm

paper points are used for?

drying out any fluids before placing the gutta percha

what does the dentist use to remove the temporary crown at the second visit?
slide hammer

the socket that the tooth sits in is called the ______

alveolus

root tip ____ is used to retrieve a broken root tip during a surgical extraction
pick

color coding for sterilization...

one ring represents:
other ring represents:
dental procedure
instrument group
How often must bacterial plaque be removed to prevent diseases?
At least once every 24 hr period

How is the water line cared for daily?

Flushing the water line daily and before each use

How many phases make up the screening exam? name them

Two; OBservation of the entire oral mucosa and examination of the teeth and gingival sulci

How can air and water pressure be controlled with the sonic scaler?
By using the air and water control valves on the dental unit

Which finger is used as a finger rest when using the modified pen grasp?
The third or ring finger

What is the disadvantage of using toothpaste while you are learning to brush properly?
It foams and prevents you from seeing the brush placed properly

Which bacterium are spherical or oval-shaped, and exist singly or in aggregate?

Cocci

Why would it be a good idea to explain the ultrasonic/sonic scaling procedure to your
patient?
BC the noise, excessive water spray, and vibratory sensations produced by the
ultrasonic/sonic scaler may be a shock to the patient if he or she is not forewarned

what can an evaluation of the patients radiographs reveal?

Subgingival calculus and overhanging margins of restorations

which bacteria are rod-shaped, and vary in length and diameter?

Bacilli

What instrument grasp is useful when you need exceptional force?

The palm grasp

Which instruments are effective in removing light to moderate deposits of suragingival

calculus?
Hand instruments

How can bacteria be compared with animals and plants?

They occupy an intermediary position between animals and plants with some properties of
both

When using the modified pen grasp, why is it important that your middle finger rest
lightly on the shank of the instrument?
Because this finger is used to feel the shank vibrate when the instruments working ends
rub over a rough surface

What is bacterial plaque?

An almist invisible tim of water containing cells and millions of living bacteria

What pathogen causes infection so severe that the host is permanently damaged?
Virulent

Name the three basic scaling strokes

-vertical
-horizontal
-oblique

What is a U-15-33
A sickle-tyle scaler

State how to safely insert the floss between the theeth

Saw back and forth at the point where teeth touch each other. Let it slide gently into place

Why should inserts be checked? WHen should they be replaced or discarded? how are
inserts cared for after each use?
Tips wear with normal use and lose up to 90% cleaning efficiency. Inserts should be
replaced after one years use or sooner if bent, scratched, or dropped
Thoroughly clean and sterilize inserts. Inserts may be safely autoclaved, however do not
use dry heat

Which fingers should you use for guiding the floss when you are flossing between the
loser teeth?
Your two forefingers

What are the three distance phases in each scaling stroke?

-Exploratory
-Positioning
-Working

What are the two most common rickettsiae diseases?

Rocky Mountain spotted fever and typhus

Which is the most effective item for clueing the proximal surfaces of the teeth?
Dental floss

When certain organisms find themselves in a unfavorable environment, they concentrate

their protoplasm into a little round, protective ball. What is an organisms in this state
called?
A spore

What must you depend on to locate calculus deposits in the periodontal pocket?
Your sense of touch

Name the most commonly used tip for moderately heavy deposits
The universal tip

Into what area should you direct a stream of air to locate sub gingival calculus?
Into the gingival sulcus

How the ultrasonic scaling handpiece is activated

By on/off contact of the foot control switch. When the ft control pedals held down, the HP
is activated and water flows. Both HP and wtaerflow are shit off when pedal is released

What do pathogenic bacteria require in order to cause disease

The proper environment to survive

In what area is it most difficult to locate and remove calculus deposits?

The concave grooves leading into the furcation areas of multi rooted teeeth

Describe cavitation

vibrator motion of the tip and the continuous stream of water that causes tremendous
pressure and creates powerful bursts of collapsing bubbles. cavitation allows the removal
of calculus

How do bacteria increase?

each bacterium increases rapidly by dividing into two bacteria

Which bacteria are facultative and grow in clusters?

Staphylococci

To alleviate patient sensitivity when using ultrasonic scaling unit

-Insert tip at a 15 degree angle to tooth surface
-increasing the speed of movement of the insert in hypersensitive areas
-changing the motion of the insert tip from vertical to horizontal
-lighten your finger pressure on the HP

What is the outer coating of bacteria called?

Capsule

The gracey 1-2 is used to scale which teeth?

Anterior teeth

which type of fluoride application is used to apply gels or foams to the teeth?
The tray technique

Describe sonic scaler. What are its uses?

It is an air powered, mechanical scaler that runs at sonic frequency and uses a controlled
water spray. Its used to remove large calculus deposits and stains from teeth

What are the 3 instrument grasps?

-pen
-modified pen
-palm grasp

What is a rheostat?
The foot pedal used to control the speed of the polishing handdpiece

Which stroke is considered the safest scaling stroke and why>

Vertical, bc the instruments cutting edge downs not come in contact with the epithelia
attachment

Before beginning the working phase of the stroke, at which angle should the blade be
positioned?
at a 45 to 90 degree angle with the tooth

Describe the design of a good tooth brush

Soft, multitufted nylon bristles, a comfortable, rigid plastic handle and a small head

WHy would you use a technique that minimizes the amount of gel needed?
Reducess the chance that excess gel will be swallowed by the patent

Why is the prophylaxis handpiece right angled?

To provide access to the posterior teeth

What type of bacteria derives their nourishment fro dead or decaying matter?
Saprophytes

list the 6 categories of micro-organisms

-bacteria
-viruses
-rickettsiae
-spores
-protozoa
-fungi

What is the most common of all the oral bacteria? This bate rum is facultative and grows
in chains
Streptococci

What instrument can be used to remove large amounts of calculus or heavy stain?
the ultrasonic instrument

What types of conditions may be produced by pathogenic fungi?

Superfician infections that grow on the skin and more serious infections where pathogenic
fungi invades the lungs and other tissues of the body

What does the use of a disclosing agent reveal?

Plaque which is nearly transparent and difficult to see without these agents

Who is responsible for the physical and psychological safety of you r patient?
You, the health care provider

List 4 ways you will benefit by keeping your teeth and gums clean
-have better health
-retain your natural appearance
-enjoy chewing and talking
-prevent bad breath

When should the toe or tip of the working end of the ultrasonic instrument be used to
scale?
Never

Which bateria are large spirochetes and rather rare?

Trepnema
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Base
Foundation or the basic ingredient of a material

Catalyst
Substance that modifies or increases the rate of a chemical reaction

Centric

Having an object centered, such as maxillary teeth centered over mandibular teeth in
correct relation.

Elastomeric
Material having elastic properties from rubber.

Occlusal registration/Bite
Reproduction of a patients bite with the use of wax or elastomeric material

Impression
negative reproduction of dental structures (teeth and surrounding oral tissues)

Impression Material
used to obtain an impression of teeth, the surrounding oral tissues, or both

Model/pouring
the material is positive reproduction of the structures (teeth and surrounding oral tissues)

Preliminary impression
Taken by EFDA/RDA or dentist and is used to create a reproduction of the teeth and
surrounding areas.

Final impressions:
Taken by dentist only and are used to produce the most accurate negative reproduction of
the structures (teeth and surrounding oral tissues)

Bite/Occlusal registration
Taken by EFDA/RDA or dentist and is used to produce the occlusal relationship of the
maxillary and mandibular teeth.

Centric relationship between maxillary and mandibular arches are provided by a(n)
occlusal/Bite registration

Most popular type of material used for occlusal (bite) registrations is

polysiloxane which is supplied as a paste system and as cartridges.

Polysiloxane is the best impression material for occlusal registrations because of

its high dimensional stability over time, is fast setting, has low tear resistence, has no odor
or taste and is convenient to use.

Characteristics of elastomeric materials

they are self-curing and supplied as a base and catalyst (in a tube, syringe, or putty).
is used when accurate impressions are important

Zoe (Zinc-Oxide Eugenol) is supplied as

two-paste system or syringe

material that is more rigid, more durable, has little to no resistance to bite closures and is
fast setting is