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Abstract
This article examines the freedom of the press in Bangladesh. This article at first
provides a birds- eye view of the brief history of the medial laws and regulations. Then it
highlights the constitutional provisions relating to freedom of the press and the Printing
Presses and Publications Act, 1973 which provides for the operation of printing presses.
Also it points out the application of the said Act as well as the mechanism for enforcing
it. The article further looks into the interaction among press, government and others.
Finally it strives to lay down some guidelines for enhancing the freedom of the press in
Bangladesh.
Keywords: Freedom of the Press, Fundamental Rights, Trade Licence, Printing
Press.
1.
Introduction
11
History of
Bangladesh
Printing
Press
in
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13
4.
14
5.
15
16
7.
9.
Desired
Press
Reforms
and
Reformation in the Media Sector
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Numerous
television
and
radio
channels, community radios and internet portals
have been set up in recent years and deregulation
in this field may lead to concentration of media
ownership, cross ownership and politicization of
the broadcasting sector, which would be
damaging to the development of independent
media institutions representative of the
multiplicity of ideas and opinions within
Bangladesh society.
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19
20
In
December
2009,
authorities
reportedly drafted unofficial guidelines for media
houses regarding television talk shows, noting
that provocative statements could lead to the
banning of a show. Military intelligence and
public relations officials monitor media content,
and while they no longer issued regular guidance
to media outlets regarding content, they did
occasionally caution specific journalists on
coverage of particular stories or topics.
The most draconian of the laws against
free flow of information in Bangladesh is the
Official Secrets Act of 1923. It bars public
servants to provide to anyone any secret
government plan, document, note, sketch, model,
signal, information etc. which are related to
restricted places and which if made public could
pose threat to the security of the State.
Nevertheless, the Government keeps all its
decisions, including very trivial ones out of
public knowledge under the pretext of this law.
This is abuse of law to curtail free flow of
information and hence, undemocratic. The
Governments Service Rules of 1979 also
prohibits public servants to disclose official
information to press or to non-official persons.
However, despite presence of such stringent
legal regime, media in Bangladesh is very bold
in promoting peoples rights and is critical
against government. A favors made by some
ministers and government officials in providing
information to the media-men tacitly has enabled
media to play this role. However, here too,
Although
the
Constitution
of
Bangladesh provides for freedom of expression
subject to reasonable restrictions, the press is
constrained by national security legislation as
well as sedition and criminal libel laws.
Journalists can also still be charged with
contempt of court or be arrested under the 1974
Special Powers Actwhich allows detentions of
up to 90 days without trialfor stories that are
critical of government officials or policies.
The Official Secrets Act may be used to
hide government information. Empowered by the
Printing Presses and Publications Act, a district
magistrate can revoke any publication license
and shut down a publication. The Penal Code has
provisions to punish anyone including journalists
to protect national security, law and order and
prevent moral decay. The Code of Criminal
Procedure empowers the government to ban any
publication which is treasonous and hurts
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Press,
12. Conclusion
More than ever, the people of Bangladesh
are exposed to a wide array of information and it
is affecting all strata of life in all regions of the
country. The free flow of information has not
only
empowered
women
and
the
underprivileged; it has also generated enthusiasm
among all segments of the populace to take part
in development activities. However, the
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7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
The recent developments in Bangladesh are
like an old nightmare that is beginning again:
arbitrary arrests, closure of news media, attacks
on journalists by ruling party supporters, torture
of detainees and intimidation. Bangladesh should
and must get rid of the old demons of intolerance
and violence against the journalists and every
person behind making news.
12.
13.
14.
15.
References
16.
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5.
6.
17.
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