Test

CP3 Conservation of energy

Wednesday

Time: 40 minutes

12/10/16

Instructions
Use black ink or ball-point pen.
Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name.
Answer all questions.
Answer the questions in the spaces provided
there may be more space than you need.
Calculators may be used.
Any diagrams may NOT be accurately drawn, unless otherwise indicated.
You must show all your working out with your answer clearly identified at the end of
your solution.
Information
The total mark for this paper is 40.
The marks for each question are shown in brackets use this as a guide as to how much
time to spend on each question.
In questions marked with an asterisk (*), marks will be awarded for your ability to structure
your answer logically showing how the points that you make are related or follow on from
each other where appropriate.
Advice
Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
Try to answer every question.
Check your answers if you have time at the end.

1. The diagram shows some electrical appliances.

(a) (i) Which appliance is designed to transfer electrical energy to thermal energy?
A

food mixer

kettle

lamp

radio

(ii) Which appliance is designed to transfer electrical energy to kinetic energy?

A
B
C
D

(1)

(1)

food mixer
kettle
lamp
radio

(b) In all the appliances, energy is conserved.

What is meant by the phrase energy is conserved?

(1)

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(c) (i) The lamp has an efficiency of 20%.
Explain what this means.

(2)

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(ii) Draw a labelled Sankey diagram for the lamp.

(3)

(Total for question = 8 marks)

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2. (a) A student investigates the energy transfers in a small generator.

She connects the generator to a circuit that includes a lamp.
She hangs a mass from a string wound around the axle.
The lamp lights as the mass falls to the ground.

The table shows the student's results.

(i) State the equation linking gravitational potential energy, mass, g and height.

(1)

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(ii) Calculate the gravitational potential energy, GPE, lost by the mass.

(2)

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GPE = ...........................................................J

(iii) Explain why only some of the gravitational potential energy of the mass is transferred to the
lamp.
(2)
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(iv) 8J of energy becomes light.
Calculate the efficiency of the generator.

(2)

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efficiency = ...........................................................
(b) Water from a reservoir can be used to generate electricity on a large scale.
Describe the energy transfers involved in this process.

(3)

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(Total for question = 10 marks)

3. A student investigates how the energies of a ball and spring change when the ball and spring
vibrate together.
The diagrams and bar charts show how the energies of the ball and spring vary with the position of
the ball.
The ball has a mass of 1 kg.

GPE = gravitational potential energy of the ball (zero at ground level)

KE = kinetic energy of the ball
EPE = elastic potential energy of the spring

Use information from the diagrams and the bar charts to describe what happens to the energy, speed and
position of the ball as it vibrates on the spring.
(6)
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(Total for question = 6 marks)
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4. A coal-fired power station and a wind turbine both produce electrical power.
The power station produces 1200 MW and the wind turbine produces 1.5 MW.

(a) Give one advantage of using wind turbines instead of a coal-fired power station to produce
electricity.
(1)
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(b) Coal-fired power stations are still in general use.
Explain why wind turbines have not replaced them.

(4)

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(Total for question = 5 marks)

5. The diagram shows typical values for the percentage energy losses from a house.

(a) Most energy is lost through

A

the floors

the roof

the walls

the windows

(1)

(b) The total percentage energy loss from the roof and the windows is
A

10%

20%

30%

40%

(1)

(c) Insulation is used to reduce energy losses from houses.

Insulating material often consists of fibres with air between them.
The diagram shows a section through some insulating material.

(i) Explain how this type of insulation reduces energy loss by conduction.

(2)

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(ii) Explain how this type of insulation reduces energy loss by convection.

(2)

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(Total for Question = 6 marks)

6. The picture shows a runner.

(a) Why does he transfer energy to his surroundings.

(1)

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(b) At the end of a long race, runners are given a shiny foil sheet to wear.
This stops them cooling down too quickly.

(i) Suggest why a runner might cool down too quickly if he does not wear a foil sheet.

(2)

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(ii) Explain how the foil sheet reduces heat loss.

(2)

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(Total for question = 5 marks)
(Total marks = 40 marks)
THE END

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Mark Scheme
Q1.

14

15

Q2.

16

Q3.

Total 6 marks

17

Q4.

18

Q5.

19

Q6.

20