Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Topic
Year
2002,2007,2011,
2003, 2013
2004, 2009,2014
2005,2006,2010, 2012
2008
Speech/Talk
Formal letter
Report
Informal letter
Article
directed writing.
TOPICS
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
An informal letter to a friend why she/he would make a good head prefect
2007
2008
2009
2010
Write an article about The Best Group Leader in the leadership camp
A report
Informal letter to cousin
A talk to upgrade Red Crescent Society members in giving first-aid
Page 2
2011
2012
2013
treatment.
Informal letter to advise her on how to spend money wisely
Formal letter of complaint
Report
2014
Page 3
2. Marks
For students to answer this type of question. Attention need to be given to the marks
allocated for various parts of the essay. The ability to determine the structure of marks will
allow students to gain good marks. Based on standard marking scheme, the allocation of
marks for Directed Writing are as follows:
Item
Format
Contents
Language
Mark
3
12
20
Students should realize that these marks are given based on these criteria.
1. Format Students should use appropriate format based on the needs of the questions.
2. Contents students must use all contents points given and it must be in sentence form.
3. Language less grammar mistakes ensure higher marks. In general, the marks allocation
are as below:
BAND
MARK
RANGE
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
19-20
16-18
Language is accurate
13-15
10-12
7-9
Ui
4-6
Uii
2-3
Little or no sense
Uiii
0-1
No sense at all
Page 4
In answering the question, it is very important for the students to have clear understanding on the
question. A good understanding on the paper would reflect the answer written later on. Basically,
before answering any DW question, students needs to make analysis on these items.
1
2
3
Text type@Format
Tenses
Number of contents
Number of elaborations
Sample 1
As the President of the Environmental Club, you have been asked by your teacher to give a
speech to all students in your school on how they can help to reduce environmental problems.
In your speech, include the following notes:
HOW TO REDUCE
ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS
Reduce energy
usage
Do not waste electricity
Use product that have
timer
Use energy saving
appliances
Reduce air
pollution
Reduce waste
Use environmental
friendly product
Use recycled material
Use washable
items
Items
Text
type@Format
Mark
s
3
Analysis on
question
A speech to
students
1m- Greeting
1 m -Purpose of speech
1m- Closing
Page 5
Notes:
To identify these items look for clue from the question.
Normally it is at the end of the question (if any). For this
question, there were clearly stated.
Tenses
Number
contents
of
Number
of
elaboration
12
Present
tense
12
1m
1m
1m
1m
1m
1m
1m
Reduce waste
1m
1m
1m
Total = 12 marks
Students need to clearly verify, either the information stated in the question is
either CLUE or CONTENTS.
This does not indicate that no elaborations/details should be written. Although
no marks could be gained for CONTENTS, the elaborations/details will have
direct influence on the marks for LANGUAGE.
Text type/Format:
Speech
Format: (3 Marks)
1m: Greeting
1m: Purpose of speech
DW Question
Tenses:
Present Tense
1m: Closing
Page 6
Contents: 12 Marks
Exercise 1
Directed Writing (35m)
You are the Secreary of the Environment Club in your housing area. You have been
asked by other residents to write a letter to the municipal council in your area
complaining about a housing project near your resident. In the letter, you are asked
to mention on the effects of deforestation and its possible solutions.
SMADI ENGLISH PANEL 2016
Page 7
Below are some notes on the effects of deforestation and possible solutions.
Effects:
Soil erosion
Land slide
Loss of flora and fauna
Polluted rivers
Flash floods
Lack of oxygen
Greenhouse effect
Solutions:
Forest conservation
Replanting
Awareness campaign
Constant monitoring
Imposed higher penalty
Text type/Format:
DW Question
Format: (3 Marks)
1m:.
1m:.
1m:.
Page 8
Tenses:
Contents:_______ Marks
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Section A: Directed Writing
9.
(35 Marks)
10.
11. to spend about 45 minutes on this section.
You are advised
12.
There are a few matters in your school which could be improved. The schools Perfects Board has has a
meeting. The perfects have decided to write a formal letter to the Principal. As the secretary to the
board, you have been asked to write the report.
In your report, include the following.
Exercise 2
The unsatisfactory service and high food prices in the school canteen
Do remember to:
ENGLISH
write in paragraphs
SMADI
PANEL 2016
Page 9
Text type:
DW Question
Tenses:
..
SMADI ENGLISH PANEL 2016
Format: (3 Marks)
1m:.
1m:.
1m:
Notes:
Page 10
Contents:_______ Marks
1.
2.
3.
4.
Eloborations:______ Marks
1 A
B
2 A
B
3 A
A
4 A
B
Exercise 3
Section A: Directed Writing
(35 Marks)
You are advised to spend about 45 minutes on this section.
You are the Organising Secretary of the Police Cadet in your school. The cadets have taken part in a
jungle training camp. You have been asked to write a report to your Principle telling him/her about the
trip.
SMADI ENGLISH PANEL 2016
Page 11
Below are some information about the camp that you can include in the report.
Text type:
DW Question
Tenses:
..
Format: (3 Marks)
1m:.
1m:.
1m:
Notes:
Page 12
As the President of the Environmental Club, you have been asked by your teacher to give
a speech to all students in your school on how they can help to reduce environmental
problems.
SMADI ENGLISH PANEL 2016
Page 13
Reduce air
pollution
Reduce waste
Use environmental
friendly product
Use recycled material
Use washable
items
A simple sentence, is also called an independent clause, and it expresses a complete thought. In the
following simple sentences, subjects are in yellow, and verbs are in green.
A. Many undergraduates like to study until late night.
B. Seng and Ramu play tennis every afternoon.
C. Rahmah goes to the library and studies every day.
The three examples above are all simple sentences. Note that sentence B contains a compound subject,
and sentence C contains a compound verb. Simple sentences, therefore, contain a subject and verb and
express a complete thought, but they can also contain a compound subjects or verbs
SMADI ENGLISH PANEL 2016
Page 14
No
1.
Content
Reduce energy usage
Sentence
We need to reduce our energy usage.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Reduce waste
10.
11.
12.
Note:
For this type of answer, the candidate would score 12 marks for CONTENTS but only 2 for
LANGUAGE.
Noted that, a subject and modal are used to complete the sentence.
Even though some contents look like a complete sentence but no marks will be awarded if students copy
it straight from the text.
Such as:
Reduce energy usage.
1m
0
1m
1m
Page 15
Note:
a. Noted that comas(,) and conjunction: and, are used to complete the sentence.
b. For this type of answer, the candidate would score 12 marks for CONTENTS but only 2 for
No
1.
Content
Reduce energy usage
Sentence
There are various ways to reduce our energy usage
such as not to waste electricity, use product that have
timer and also to use energy saving appliances.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Reduce waste
10.
11.
12.
LANGUAGE.
c. To gain better mark for LANGUAGE it is wiser for the students to use variety of sentences. One
good example is the usage of compound sentence
What is a compound
sentence?
SMADI ENGLISH PANEL 2016
Exercise 1
Below are some notes on the effects of deforestation and possible solutions.
Effects:
Soil erosion
Land slide
Loss of flora and fauna
Polluted rivers
Flash floods
Lack of oxygen
Greenhouse effect
Solutions:
Forest conservation
Replanting
Awareness campaign
Constant monitoring
Imposed higher penalty
Soil erosion
The first effect is deforestation is soil erosion.
Land slide
______________________________________________________________________________
SMADI ENGLISH PANEL 2016
Page 17
______________________________________________________________________________
Polluted rivers
______________________________________________________________________________
Flash floods
______________________________________________________________________________
Lack of oxygen
______________________________________________________________________________
Greenhouse effect
______________________________________________________________________________
Solutions:
Forest conservation
One of the ways that we could practice to resolve deforestation is through forest conservation..
Replanting
______________________________________________________________________________
Awareness campaign
Page 18
______________________________________________________________________________
Constant monitoring
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
first
last
finally
when
Page 19
following
later
next
then
during
after
before
Page 20
As for John's thoughts, let's take a look at this report he sent me.
2. on the other hand; while; whereas
These expressions give expression to two ideas which contrast but do not contradict each
other.
Examples:
Our teacher promised to take us on a field trip. However, he changed his mind
last week.
Peter was warned not to invest all of his savings in the stock market.
Nevertheless, he
invested and lost everything.
Page 21
Examples:
His problems with his parents are extremely frustrating. Moreover, there seems to
be no easy solution to them.
I assured him that I would come to his presentation. Furthermore, I also invited a
number of important representatives from the local chamber of commerce.
telephone
Our energy bills have been increasing steadily. In addition to these costs, our
costs have doubled over the past six months.
He reduced the amount of time studying for his final exams. As a result, his marks
were rather low.
been
We've lost over 3,000 customers over the past six months. Consequently, we have
forced to cut back our advertising budget.
Page 22
Exercise 2
As the President of the Environmental Club, you have been asked by your teacher to give a
speech to all students in your school on how they can help to reduce environmental
problems.
In your speech, include the following notes:
HOW TO REDUCE
ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS
Reduce energy
usage
Do not waste electricity
Use product that have
timer
Use energy saving
appliances
Reduce air
pollution
Avoid open burning
Use unleaded petrol
Practice car pooling
Reduce waste
Use environmental
friendly product
Use recycled material
Use washable
items
Page 23
Page 24
There are a lot of ways to reduce environmental problems. As human, we should try to
follow the following suggestions. ______________ we should reduce energy usage. In practicing
this, we should not waste electricity _____use product that have timer. ________we could use
energy saving appliances.__________, we could reduce air pollution. ________________we
could use unleaded petrol _______practice car pooling. ____________we could reduce waste. In
doing so, we could use environmentally friendly product_____________ use recycled
material._____________ we should use washable items.
Step 4 Elaborations
Part 1
Support and elaboration consists of the specific details and information writers use to develop
their topic. The key to developing support and elaboration is getting specific. Good writers use
concrete, specific details, and relevant information to construct mental images for their readers.
Without this attention to detail, readers struggle to picture what the writer is talking about, and
will often give up altogether.
Two important concepts in support and elaboration are sufficiency and relatedness.
1.
Sufficiency refers the amount of detail is there enough detail to support the
topicSufficiency, however, is not enough. The power of your information is
determined less by the quantity of details than by their quality.
2.
Relatedness refers to the quality of the details and their relevance to the topic.
Part 2
6 SCENARIO hypothetical situation or event
1.
Anecdote
Short personal story
o
Once, when I was in elementary school
o
I remember the time when
2.
Quotations
Page 25
3.
4.
5.
6.
Definition
Explaining an unfamiliar word or phrase
o
What I mean by __________ is
o
(__________ means )
Example
Provide more specific information about your idea
o
For example,
o
For instance,
Descriptions
Vivid images using juicy words that turn the readers brain camera on
o
Appeal to the 5 senses
o
Looks like
o
Sounds as if
o
Smells similar to
o
Feels the same as
o
Tastes just like
Statistics/Facts
Numbers and/or data that supports your idea or argument
o
98% of
o
45,000
o
3 out of 4 people
Page 26
Sample Answer
The unsatisfactory service and high food prices in the school canteen
write in paragraphs
Contents
Page 27
the same type of food everyday. To make matter worse, the food that is served
usually turns out to be cold or half-cooked. Vendors in the school canteen can be
quite rude at times ands some even take out their anger on the students. Mr. Ali
from the nasi lemak stall is known for his hot-tempered tantrums and is seen
frequently shouting at his customers. We find this type of behaviour intolerable and
hope that action is taken immediately.
Page 28
level in our school is reducing rapidly. Rubbish is strewn over the floor and there are
mountains of dust in every hook and cranny of the school. Coming back to the canteen
issue, there was a recently reported case of a girl finding a bug in her plate of noodles!
Besides that, the toilets are emitting incredibly foul stenches and are affecting the
studying environment of classes nearby. It is our opinion that the school is in need of a
good coat of paint.
Page 29
Exercise 1
As the President of the Environmental Club, you have been asked by your teacher to
write an article to help reduce environmental problems. In your article, include the
following notes:
HOW TO REDUCE
ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS
Reduce air
pollution
Reduce energy
usage
Do not waste electricity
Use product that have
timer
Use energy saving
appliances
Reduce waste
Use environmental
friendly product
Use recycled material
Use washable items
Page 30
Task 1
Write suitable elaboration for the contents.
1. Firstly we should not waste electricity.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. Secondly, we should use product that have timer
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Page 31
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Page 32
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Friends details
Name
Class
Family background
Interest/Hobbies
Responsible
Caring
Best speaker for camp
debate
Helped an injured
participants
Earliest to wake up
every morning
Page 33
Awards
Certificate of
Acheivement
RM500
Exercise 2
Many of your schoolmates are not interested in sports. You have carried out a small scale survey
among your classmates. After gathering the findings you want to share it by publishing it in a
popular magizine.
Use the following notes to write your article.
REASONS
Students
dislike
sports
lack of time
Parents
priority on
exam results
sent children to
tuition classes
home tuition
Facilities
inadequate numbers of
sports equipments
fields and courts no
maintenance
SUGGESTIONS
Page 34
Exercise 3
You are the President of the Association for the Elderly in your state. You are concerned that the
rights of the golden citizens are not being recognized by the government. Write a letter to the
Prime Minister, voicing your concern as well as giving your suggestions on how to improve the
quality of lives of the senior citizen.
Use the notes below to write your letter.
Page 35
to provide a salutation/greeting
to provide a close
Exercise 4
You are asked to write an article for your school magazine. Your article in on why Malaysian
students are not performing up to expectations in school. In your article, you also suggest ways
to improve the quality of our future students.
Below are some notes you have made on the reasons and suggestions.
Reasons
Overdependence on teachers
Suggestions
Role of teachers
Role of parents
Page 36
Page 37