Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
APOIO
INGLS TCNICO
ALUNO:
R.A.
CURSO:
UNIDADE:
TURMA:
SEMESTRE/ANO:
PROFESSOR(A):
1
UNIDADE 1 INTRODUO
O que Ingls Instrumental?
No Brasil, de um modo geral, ingls instrumental (ESP English for Specific Purposes)
uma das inmeras abordagens do ensino de Lngua inglesa que trata do Ingls como lngua tcnica e
cientfica e/ou de carter geral, focalizando o emprego de estratgias especficas. Seu objeto
desenvolver a habilidade de leitura ativa, isto , de compreenso de textos de diversas reas do
conhecimento escritos em lngua inglesa, utilizando para isso estratgias intuitivamente aplicadas
em lngua materna e propondo outras. O estudo da gramtica restringe-se a um mnimo necessrio,
sendo normalmente associada ao texto.
No ensino de ingls instrumental as habilidades da lngua inglesa (ouvir, falar, ler e escrever)
se reduzem a uma s: leitura, pois esta a habilidade mais imediata que os acadmicos precisam.
Nveis de compreenso
Dependendo do objetivo da leitura voc dever distinguir trs nveis de compreenso:
Compreenso Geral: - obtida atravs de uma leitura rpida para se captar as informaes
genricas do texto, ou seja, o que de maior relevncia o assunto.
Compreenso de Pontos Principais: Exige que nos detenhamos com maior ateno na
busca das informaes principais do texto, observando cada pargrafo para identificar os dados
especficos que mais interessam ao leitor.
Compreenso Detalhada: Esse tipo de leitura mais profunda que as anteriores. Exige a
compreenso dos detalhes do texto e demanda, por isso, muito mais tempo.
Recursos que podem facilitar a compreenso
Prediction Significa inferir o contedo de um texto atravs de seu conhecimento prvio sobre o
tema( background); atravs do contexto semntico (palavras de um mesmo grupo, por exemplo:
hospital, nurse, doctor, ambulance); contexto lingustico ( pistas gramaticais); contexto nolingustico (gravuras, grficos, tabelas, nmeros, etc.); conhecimento sobre a estrutura do texto
( lay out, ttulo, subttulo, diviso de pargrafos, etc.)
Cognates so palavras de origem grega ou latina bem parecidas com as do portugus.
Os cognatos podem ser:
a- idnticos: chocolate, crime, vrus, rdio, social, hotel;
b- semelhantes: telephone, apartment, industry, violence;
c- vagamente parecidos: activity, drug, responsible,computer
OBS: Ateno com os falsos cognatos. Ex. pretend no significa pretender, mas sim, fingir;
importante observar se a palavra se encaixa no contexto.
Repeated words se uma palavra aparece vrias vezes no texto, isto significa que ela importante
para a compreenso da escritura.
Typographical Evidences so smbolos como, letras maisculas, nmeros, sinais de
pontuao,palavras em negrito ou itlico, etc., que do dicas teis sobre o texto.
2
Dictionary o dicionrio deve ser utilizado como ltimo recurso para se descobrir o significado de
uma palavra ou expresso desconhecida. Isso para que a leitura no seja lenta demais, e para que o
leitor no desanime tendo que parar toda vez que encontrar algo desconhecido.
Estratgias de leitura
Skimming leitura rpida para ter-se uma idia central do texto.
Scanning leitura com objetivo de encontrar algumas informaes especficas no texto.
Selectivity leitura seletiva, isto , selecionar os trechos o qual se quer encontrar uma determinada
informao pargrafos, por exemplo.
FALSOS COGNATOS
Tambm chamados de falsos amigos, os falsos cognatos so palavras normalmente derivadas
do latim, que tm, portanto a mesma origem e que aparecem em diferentes idiomas com ortografia
semelhante, mas que ao longo dos tempos acabaram adquirindo significados diferentes.
INGLS - PORTUGUS
PORTUGUS - INGLS
Adepto - supporter
Agenda (n) - pauta do dia, pauta para Agenda - appointment book; agenda
discusses
Amass (v) - acumular, juntar
Amassar - crush
Anticipate (v) - prever; aguardar, ficar na Antecipar - to bring forward, to move forward
expectativa
Apology (n) - pedido de desculpas
Apreciao - judgement
Assume (v)
verdadeiro
presumir,
aceitar
Balco - counter
Batom - lipstick
Bife - steak
Cafeteria (n) - refeitrio tipo universitrio ou Cafeteria - coffee shop, snack bar
industrial
Carton (n) - caixa de papelo, pacote de Carto - card
cigarros (200)
Casualty (n) - baixa (morte fruto de acidente Casualidade - chance, fortuity
ou guerra), fatalidade
Cigar (n) charuto
Cigarro - cigarette
Colar - necklace
Comodidade - comfort
Competio - contest
Confidente - confidant
Contexto - context
Conveniente - appropriate
Data - date
Dente - tooth
Designar - to appoint
Editor - publisher
Educated (adj) - instrudo, com alto grau de Educado - with a good upbringing, well-mannered,
escolaridade
polite
Emission (n) - descarga (de gases, etc.)
Excitante - thrilling
xito - success
Genial - brilliant
Idioma - language
Income tax return (n) - declarao de imposto Devoluo de imposto de renda - income tax refund
de renda
Ingenuity (n) engenhosidade
Injria - insult
Entender - understand
5
Jarra - pitcher
Jornal - newspaper
Largo - wide
Leitura - reading
Legenda - subtitle
Locao - rental
Lanche - snack
Maior - bigger
Medicina - medicine
Oficial - official
Parentes - relatives
Polcia - police
Porta - door
Prescrever - expire
Preservativo - condom
Privado - private
Pular - to jump
Puxar - to pull
Realize (v) - notar, perceber, dar-se conta, Realizar - to carry out, make come true, to
conceber uma ideia
accomplish
Recipient (n) - recebedor, agraciado
Recipiente - container
Resumir - summarize
Resumo - summary
Servio - job
Estrangeiro - foreigner
Treinador - coach
Vegetais - plants
http://www.sk.com.br/sk-fals.html
UNIDADE 2 CONSCIENTIZAO
Faa este exerccio em grupo, dessa forma voc ter a oportunidade de trocar ideias com seus
colegas.
EXERCCIO 1
Voc vai ler um texto em portugus; tente encontrar palavras adequadas para substituir
pelas palavras estranhas que voc encontrar. Ao terminar o exerccio, seu professor vai pedir para
voc ler o texto substituindo as palavras estranhas pelas que voc selecionou. Esteja pronto para
justificar suas escolhas.
Text: Uma situao muito charocada
Ontem eu estava na baca de mena zunica quando algo muito charocado me
aconteceu.Estvamos em uma boletinha, quando resolvi ir ao tineiro; quando voltei percebi que
todas as pessoas sulupiavam para mim e binavam; no me dolotei e continuei laninhando.J tinha
lotuado uns dois cricks e laminhado por toda dara, quando uma zunica se aproximou e tritou que eu
havia farenido de telar o cter da malta quando fui ao tineiro; o pior de tudo que eu estava
felhando uma fubpa xelena!
EXERCCIO 2
Observe o texto a seguir, em dinamarqus, e veja se voc consegue responder as questes:
CASINO AALBORG
Velkommen til Danmarks mest venlige kasino
Ved Stranden, 14-16 Tlf. 98 10 15 50. Glaed dig til spaendende og morsomme timer i selskab med
festlige mennesker i en international atmosfaere. Aben alle ugens dage fra kl. 20.00 04.00. Entr
DKK 50,00,-. Der er legitimationspligt i henhold til dansk lov. Ingen adgang for unge under 18 ar.
1) Que tipo de texto esse?
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
2) Qual o objetivo do autor do texto?
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
3) Quem voc acha estaria interessado em ler um texto desse tipo?
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
4) Onde voc acha que poderia encontrar esse texto?
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
5) H palavras parecidas com o portugus, ou com outra lngua que voc conhece? Quais so elas?
Copie-as do texto.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
6) Qual o horrio de atendimento do cassino?
_____________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
7) Quanto custa o ingresso?
9
_____________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
8) Qual o telefone do cassino?
_____________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
9) Quem pode frequentar o cassino?
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
EXERCCIO 3
History of Radiography
X-rays were discovered in 1895 by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen (1845-1923) who was a
Professor at Wuerzburg University in Germany. Working with a cathode-ray tube in his laboratory,
Roentgen observed a fluorescent glow of crystals on a table near his tube. The tube that Roentgen
was working with consisted of a glass envelope (bulb) with positive and negative electrodes
encapsulated in it. The air in the tube was evacuated, and when a high voltage was applied, the tube
produced a fluorescent glow. Roentgen shielded the tube with heavy black paper, and discovered a
green colored fluorescent light generated by a material located a few feet away from the tube.
He concluded that a new type of ray was being emitted from the tube. This ray was capable
of passing through the heavy paper covering and exciting the phosphorescent materials in the room.
He found that the new ray could pass through most substances casting shadows of solid objects.
Roentgen also discovered that the ray could pass through the tissue of humans, but not bones and
metal objects. One of Roentgen's first experiments late in 1895 was a film of the hand of his wife,
Bertha. It is interesting that the first use of X-rays were for an industrial (not medical) application,
as Roentgen produced a radiography of a set of weights in a box to show his colleagues.
http://www.ndt-ed.org/EducationResources/CommunityCollege/Radiography/cc_rad_index.htm
1- Escreva Verdadeiro(V) ou Falso(F) de acordo com o texto:
12345-
____________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
5- Traduza as abreviaes a seguir que so utilizadas em textos e equipamentos de radiologia
mdica:
http://radiology.rsna.org/
DICA GRAMATICAL: CASO POSSESSIVO
O Caso possessivo usado quando queremos, estabelecer, principalmente, uma relao de posse,
podendo tambm representar uma relao de parentesco, autoria etc. representado em ingls por
um apstrofo s
ou simplesmente um apstrofo
Exemplos:
The body of the patient = The patients body
The bodies of the patients = The patients ` bodies
14
Ateno:
O dono dever ser uma pessoa ou animal, nunca uma coisa.
The glass of the window nunca poder ser The window`s glass
A me de Helen. - The mother of Helen. = Helen`s mother.
O bon do menino.- The cap of the boy = The boys cap.
O marido da Mary The husband of Mary = Mary`s husband.
Os brinquedo das crianas The toys of the children = The children`s toys.
O uniforme das meninas The uniforms of the girls = The girls` uniforms.
EXERCISES:
Traduza
1- The man`s heart ________________________________________________________
2- Mary`s lungs ___________________________________________________________
3- The patientsx-rays ______________________________________________________
4- The woman`s chest_______________________________________________________
5- Bobs hospital __________________________________________________________
6- Children`s examinations___________________________________________________
15
1- Ankle: tornozelo
2- Adams Apple: pomo de Ado
3- Arm: brao
4- Armpit: axila
5- Artery: artria
6- Back: costas
7- Beard: barba
8- Belly: barriga
9- Brain: crebro
10- Breast: seio, peito (de mulher)
11- Buttocks: ndegas
12- Calf: panturrilha
13- Cheek: bochecha
14- Chest: peito (trax)
15- Chin: queixo
16- Ear: orelha
17- Elbow: cotovelo
18- Eye: olho
19- Eyebrow: sobrancelha
20- Eyelash: clio
21- Eyelid: plpebra
22- Face: rosto
23- Fatty tissue: tecido adiposo
24- Fingernail: unha da mo
25- Fingers: dedos das mos
26- Fist: punho
27- Foot: p
28- Forearm: antebrao
29- Forehead: testa
30- Gall bladder: vesicula biliar
31- Hair: cabelo
32- Hand: mo
33- Head: cabea
34- Heart: corao
35- Heel: calcanhar
36- Hip: quadril
37- Intestine: intestino
38- Iris: iris
39- Kidney: rim
40- Knee: joelho
41- Large Intestine: intestino grosso
16
Esqueleto Skeleton
17
1 carpals - carpos
3 phalanges - falanges
5 metatarsals - metatarsos
7 clavide - clavcula
9 sternum - esterno
11 humeros - mero
13 ulna ulna
15 sacrum sacro
17 patella patela
19 fibula - fbula
2 metacarpals - metacarpos
4 tarsals - tarsos
6 skull - crnio
8 scapula - omoplata
10 rib - costela
12 vertebrae - vrtebra
14 radius - rdio
16 femur - fmur
18 tibia tbia
20 bone - osso
18
2 - forehead
4 eye
6 nose
8 mouth
9 adams Apple
11 chest
13 arm
15 forearm
17 hand
19 umbilicus
21 groin
23 - vagina
25 knee
27 leg
29 foot
31 torso
(
(
) ombro
) corpo
19
3 mouth
4 chest
5 rib
6 arm
7 shoulder
8 elbow
9 hand
10 - bone
11 groin
12 torso
13 limb
14 body
15 belly
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
) costela
) virilha
) barriga
) nariz
) boca
) brao
) tronco
) cotovelo
) crnio
) membro
) osso
) trax
) mo
20
http://howmanyarethere.net/how-many-organs-are-in-the-human-body/
http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/pictures/humanbody/humanorgans.html
21
Imperativo Afirmativo
Imperativo Negativo
01- to describe
02- to set
03- to print
04- to have
05- to connect
06- to disconnect
07- to follow
08- to make sure
09- to register
10- to insert
11- to hold
12- to press
13- to align
14- to wait
15- to open
16- to close
17- to pull
18- to push
19- to remove
20- to repeat
21- to release
22- to install
23- to reinstall
24- to check
25- to keep
26- to adjust
27- to take
28- to try
29- to introduce
30- to move
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22
31- to withdraw
32- to pay attention
33- to switch
34- to turn on
35- to turn off
36- to turn right
37- to turn left
___________________
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http://www.roswellradiology.com
Be sure to follow instructions for your exam preparation.
Please bring the following items with you to your appointment:
Insurance card
Physicians Order (Prescription)
24
- The buttons are the basic ones. If you want to start the process, you will press start or enter. If you
want to save the information, you will press save button just like computer.
- And about the image treatment?
- Well, It is a little more complex. Pay attention! I will not do it in the machine, I will only suppose.
For example: If I used the command PULL, RECEIVE or GET, I would receive the data.
- But if you had used the command ACCEPT or ALLOW, what would have happened?
- If I had used ACCEPT or ALLOW, I would have accepted the receipt of the data.
- Very good, Mary. You are going to be a great professional. You know everything!
Disponvel em : http://inglespararadiologia.blogspot.com.br/2012/05/lesson-9.html
Explique o assunto do texto acima.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Para saber mais, siga os links abaixo:
http://www.roswellradiology.com
http://www.roswellradiology.com/prepare.htm
http://www.saskatoonhealthregion.ca/your_health/tp_xray_about.htm
26
Pode-se observar que podemos nos referir a uma idia anterior ou posterior utilizando
diferentes PRONOMES;
indispensvel que lhe seja absolutamente clara a diferena entre sujeito e objeto.
We saw him at the restaurant.
s.
o.
Ns o vimos no restaurante.
s. o.
o.
27
PRONOME REFLEXIVO
REFLEXIVE PRONOUN
myself
a mim mesmo, -me
yourself
a ti, a voc mesmo(a), -te, -se
himself
a si, a ele mesmo, -se
herself
a si, a ela mesma, -se
itself
a si mesmo(a), -se
ourselves
a ns mesmos(as), -nos
yourselves
a vs, vocs mesmos(as), -vos, -se
themselves
a si, a eles mesmos, a elas mesmas, -se
OS POSSESSIVOS
(PRONOMES SUBSTANTIVOS E ADJETIVOS)
PROSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES AND POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS
PRONOMES POSSESSIVOS ADJETIVOS
POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES
My
meu, minha
Your teu, tua, seu, sua
His
Dele
Her
Dela
Its
dele, dela (neutro)
Our
nosso, nossa
Your vosso, vossa, seu, sua, de vocs
Their deles, delas (neutro)
PRONOMES
POSSESSIVOS
SUBSTANTIVOS
POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS
mine
(o) meu, (a) minha
yours
(o) teu, (a) tua, (o) seu, (a) sua
his
(o)/(a) dele
hers
(o)/(a) dela
its
(o)/(a) dele, (o)/(a) dela (neutro)
ours
(o) nosso, (a) nossa
yours
(o) vosso, (a) vossa, (o) seu, (a) sua
theirs
(o)/(a) deles, (o)/(a) delas (neutro)
they administer
______________________________________________________________________
___
2- Roentgen was working with a cathode-ray tube in his laboratory.
______________________________________________________________________
___
3- Madona is a great singer. She came to Brazil in 2009.
______________________________________________________________________
___
4-Getlio Vargas killed himself with a gun in 1954.
______________________________________________________________________
___
5-The radiology technologist removes the film and develops it.
______________________________________________________________________
___
6- Where are the tickets? I can`t find them.
______________________________________________________________________
___
29
You=Voc
We=Ns
They=
Exemplo:
Verbo: to work = trabalhar,funcionar
The radiology technologists work a lot. Os tecnlogos em radiologia trabalham muito.
Do the radiology technologists work a lot? Os tecnlogos em radiologia trabalham
muito?
The radiology technologists do not work a lot. Os tecnlogos em radiologia no
trabalham muito.
Regra 2: Para os sujeitos: He=ele
Frase afirmativa:
Frase Interrogativa:
Frase Negativa:
She=ela
Exemplo:
Verbo: to work = trabalhar,funcionar
The radiology technologist works a lot. O tecnlogo em radiologia trabalha muito.
Does the radiology technologist work a lot? O tecnlogo em radiologia trabalha muito?
The radiology technologist does not work a lot. O tecnlogo em radiologia no trabalha
muito.
Simple Past = Passado Simples
Frase afirmativa:
Frase Interrogativa:
Frase Negativa:
Exemplo:
Verbo: to work = trabalhar,funcionar
The radiology technologists worked a lot. Os tecnlogos em radiologia trabalharam
muito.
Did the radiology technologists work a lot? Os tecnlogos em radiologia trabalharam
muito?
The radiology technologists did not work a lot. Os tecnlogos em radiologia no
trabalharam muito.
Simple Future = Futuro Simples
Frase afirmativa:
Frase Interrogativa:
Frase Negativa:
Exemplo:
Verbo: to work = trabalhar,funcionar
The radiology technologists will work a lot. Os tecnlogos em radiologia trabalharo
muito.
Will the radiology technologists work a lot? Os tecnlogos em radiologia trabalharo
muito?
The radiology technologists will not work a lot. Os tecnlogos em radiologia no
trabalharo muito.
Formas Nominais dos Verbos Irregulares:
Infinitivo: to take = levar,pegar,tomar,realizar
Gerndio: taking = realizando
Particpio: taken = realizado
Tempos Verbais (Verbos Irregulares):
Simple Present = Presente Simples = Rotina
31
You=Voc
We=Ns
They=
Exemplo:
Verbo: to take = realizar
Radiology technologists take x-rays. Os tecnlogos em radiologia realizam raio-x.
Do the radiology technologists take x-rays?Os tecnlogos em radiologia realizam raiox?
Radiology technologists do not take x-rays. Os tecnlogos em radiologia no realizam
raio-x.
Regra 2: Para os sujeitos: He=ele
Frase afirmativa:
Frase Interrogativa:
Frase Negativa:
She=ela
Exemplo:
Verbo: to take = realizar
Radiology technologist takes x-rays. O tecnlogo em radiologia realiza raio-x.
Does the radiology technologist take x-rays? O tecnlogo em radiologia realiza raio-x?
Radiology technologist does not take x-rays. O tecnlogo em radiologia no realiza
raio-x.
Simple Past = Passado Simples
Frase afirmativa:
Frase Interrogativa:
irregulares.
Frase Negativa:
verbos
Exemplo:
Verbo: to take = realizar
Radiology technologist took x-rays. O tecnlogo em radiologia realizou raio-x.
Did the radiology technologist take x-rays? O tecnlogo em radiologia realizou raio-x?
Radiology technologist did not take x-rays. O tecnlogo em radiologia no realizou
raio-x.
Simple Future = Futuro Simples
Frase afirmativa:
Frase Interrogativa:
Frase Negativa:
Exemplo:
Verbo: to take = realizar
Radiology technologist will take x-rays. O tecnlogo em radiologia realizar raio-x.
Will the radiology technologist take x-rays? O tecnlogo em radiologia realizar raiox?
Radiology technologist will not take x-rays.O tecnlogo em radiologia no realizar
raio-x.
(ai m)
Im
(aimi)
You are
(i ar)
(voc / est)
Youre (iuar)
He is
(ri is)
(ele / est )
Hes
(ris)
She is
(xi is)
Shes
(xis)
It is
(it is)
(ele/ela / est)
Its
(its)
We are
(ui ar)
(ns somos/estamos)
Were
(uiar)
You are
(iu ar)
(vocs so / esto)
Youre (iuar)
They are
(dei ar)
(eles/elas so/esto)
Theyre (deir)
Forma Interrogativa
Forma Negativa
Am I ?
I am not
Im not
(m ai?)
(aimi nt)
Are you?
arnt)
(ar i)
You arent
(iu
Is he?
izant)
(is ri?)
He is not
He isnt
(ri
Is she?
izant)
(is xi?)
She is not
She isnt
(xi
Is it?
izant)
(is it?)
It is not
It isnt
(it
33
Are we?
arent)
(ar ui?)
We are not
We arent
(ui
Are you ?
arnt)
(ar iu?)
You arent
(iu
Are they?
arnt)
(ar dei)
They arent
(dei
Forma Interrogativa
Forma Negativa
Was I?
You were
Were you?
He was
Was he?
He was not
She was
Was she?
It was
Was it?
We were
Were we?
We were not
You were
Were you?
They were
Were they?
Forma Interrogativa
Forma Negativa
It was not
Will I be?
You wil be
He will be
Will he be?
He will not be
She will be
It will be
Will it be?
It will not be
We will be
Will we be?
We will not be
You will be
They will be
34
35
The patient may /might arrive on time. (Pode ser que ele chegue no horrio.)
O paciente pode chegar na hora.
May/Might the patient arrive on time?
O paciente pode chegar na hora?
The patient may/might not arrive on time.
O paciente no pode chegar na hora.
36
5- SHOULD / OUGHT TO: deveria . Eles expressam conselho, sendo que OUGHT TO mais
formal que SHOULD.
He should go to a doctor.
Ele deveria ir ao mdico.
Should he go to a doctor?
Ele deveria ir ao mdico.
37
EXERCCIOS
I)Conjugue os verbos abaixo no presente simples, fique atento para o sujeito da orao.
1-To play = jogar,brincar,tocar
I ____________football every Sunday.
He____________football every Sunday.
2- to prepare = preparar
They_____________the patient.
He_____________the patient.
3- to have= ter
The doctors______________many patients.
The doctor______________many patients.
4- to take = tomar,fazer,realizar
Radiology technologists ___________ x-rays.
Radiology technologist ___________ x-rays.
5- to manage = gerenciar
They ___________the radiology department.
He ___________the radiology department.
VI = verbo irregular
38
39
12345678-
The ray could pass through the tissue of humans, but not bones and metal objects.
The radiology technologist may perform more complex imaging procedures.
Radiology technologists and technicians must follow physicians' orders.
John broke his arm. He should go to the hospital.
The parts of the body can be appropriately radiographed.
The doctor would arrive early. He must have had a problem.
You ought to go to the dentist.
You must not stay near the equipment.
Disponvel em : http://inglespararadiologia.blogspot.com.br/2012/05/lesson-9.html
Explique o assunto do texto acima.
40
_____________________________________________________________________________
___
_____________________________________________________________________________
___
_____________________________________________________________________________
___
Retire do texto:
a)1
verbo
no
_____________________________________________________________
infinitivo:
b)1
verbo
gerndio:_____________________________________________________________
no
c)1
verbo
particpio:_____________________________________________________________
no
d)1
frase
no
presente
afirmativa:_________________________________________________
forma
e)1
frase
passado:_______________________________________________________________
f)1
verbo
utilizado
para
formal:_________________________________________
g)1
verbo
utilizado
para
informal:______________________________________
fazer
um
indicar
h)1
frase
no
presente
negativa:__________________________________________________
no
pedido
permisso
forma
i)
o
verbo
ser
presente:___________________________________________________________
no
j)
o
verbo
haver
presente:_________________________________________________________
no
k)
4
pronomes
referncia:_________________________________________________________
de
INFINITIVE
SIMPLE PAST
1.TO BE
2.TO BEAR
3.TO BEAR
4TO BEAT
5.TO BECOME
6.TO BEGIN
7.TO BEND
WAS/WERE
BORE
BORE
BEAT
BECAME
BEGAN
BENT
BEEN
BORN
BORNE
BEATEN
BECOME
BEGUN
BENT
SER, ESTAR
GERAR
SUPORTAR
DERROTAR, BATER
TORNAR-SE
COMEAR
CURVAR
41
8.TO BET
9.TO BID
10.TO BIND
11.TO BITE
12.TO BLEED
13.TO BLOW
14.TO BREAK
15.TO BREED
16.TO BRING
17.TO BUILD
18.TO BURN
19.TO BURST
20.TO BUY
21.TO CAST
22.TO CATCH
23.TO CHOSE
24.TO COME
25.TO COST
26.TO CREEP
27.TO CUT
28.TO DEAL
29.TO DIG
30.TO DO
31.TO DRAW
32.TO DRINK
33.TO DRIVE
34.TO EAT
35.TO FALL
36.TO FEED
37.TO FEEL
38.TO FIGHT
39.TO FIND
40.TO FLING
41.TO FLY
42.TO FORBID
43.TO FORGET
44.TO FORGIVE
45.TO FREEZE
46.TO GET
47.TO GIVE
48.TO GO
49.TO GROW
50.TO HANG
51.TO HAVE
52.TO HEAR
53.TO HIDE
54.TO HIT
55.TO HOLD
56.TO HURT
57.TO KEEP
58.TO KNEEL
59.TO KNIT
60.TO KNOW
61.TO LAY
62.TO LEAD
63.TO LEARN
64.TO LEAVE
65.TO LEND
66.TO LET
67.TO LIE
68.TO LIGHT
69.TO LOSE
70.TO MAKE
71.TO MEAN
72.TO MEET
BET
BADE
BOUND
BIT
BLED
BLEW
BROKE
BRED
BROUGHT
BUILT
BURNED (burnt)
BURST
BOUGHT
CAST
CAUGHT
CHOSE
CAME
COST
CREPT
CUT
DEALT
DUG
DID
DREW
DRANK
DROVE
ATE
FELL
FED
FELT
FOUGHT
FOUND
FLUNG
FLEW
FORBADE
FORGOT
FORGAVE
FROZE
GOT
GAVE
WENT
GREW
HUNG
HAD
HEARD
HID
HIT
HELD
HURT
KEPT
KNELT (kneeled)
KNIT (knitted)
KNEW
LAID
LED
LEARNED (learnt)
LEFT
LENT
LET
LAY
LIT (lighted)
LOST
MADE
MEANT
MET
BET
BIDDEN
BOUND
BITTEN
BLED
BLOW
BROKEN
BRED
BROUGHT
BUILT
BURNED (burnt)
BURST
BOUGHT
CAST
CAUGHT
CHOSEN
COME
COST
CREPT
CUT
DEALT
DUG
DONE
DRAWN
DRUNK
DRIVEN
EATEN
FALLEN
FED
FELT
FOUGHT
FOUND
FLUNG
FLOWN
FORBIDDEN
FORGOTTEN
FORGAVEN
FROZEN
GOT (gotten)
GIVEN
GONE
GROWN
HUNG
HAD
HEARD
HIDDEN
HIT
HELD
HURT
KEPT
KNELT (kneeled)
KNIT (knitted)
KNOWN
LAID
LED
LEARNED (learnt)
LEFT
LENT
LET
LAIN
LIT (lighted)
LOST
MADE
MEANT
MET
APOSTAR
MANDAR
OBRIGAR, AMARRAR
MORDER
SANGRAR
SOPRAR
QUEBRAR
EDUCAR, CRIAR
TRAZER
CONSTRUIR
QUEIMAR
IRROMPER
COMPRAR
ARREMESSAR
PEGAR, ALCANAR
ESCOLHER
VIR
CUSTAR
ENGATINHAR, ARRASTAR-SE
CORTAR
LIDAR,TRATAR
CAVAR
FAZER
DESENHAR, PUXAR
BEBER
GUIAR, DIRIGIR
COMER
CAIR
ALIMENTAR
SENTIR
LUTAR
ACHAR
LANAR (SE)
VOAR
PROIBIR
ESQUECER
PERDOAR
CONGELAR
OBTER, ADQUIRIR
DAR
IR
CRESCER, CULTIVAR
PENDURAR, ENFORCAR
TER
OUVIR
ESCONDER
BATER, ATINGIR
SEGURAR
MAGOAR, MACHUCAR
MANTER, CONSERVAR, GUARDAR
AJOELHAR
TRICOTAR
SABER, CONHECER
PR, COLOCAR
LIDERAR, LEVAR
APRENDER
SAIR, DEIXAR, ARTIR
EMPRESTAR
PERMITIR, DEIXAR.
DEITAR, FICAR, JAZER
ACENDER
PERDER
FAZER
SIGNIFICAR, QUERER
ENCONTRAR
42
73.TO PAY
74.TO PUT
75.TO QUIT
76.TO READ
77.TO RIDE
78.TO RING
79.TO RISE
80.TO RUN
81,TO SEE
82.TO SEEK
83.TO SELL
84.TO SEND
85.TO SET
86.TO SHAKE
87.TO SHINE
88.TO SHOOT
89.TO SHOW
90.TO SHUT
91.TO SING
92.TO SINK
93.TO SIT
94.TO SLEEP
95.TO SPEAK
96.TO SPEED
97.TO SPEND
98.TO SPIT
99.TO SPREAD
100.TO SPRING
101.TO STAND
102.TO STEAL
103.TO STICK
104.TO STRIKE
105.TO SWEAR
106.TO SWEEP
107.TO SWIM
108.TOSWING
109.TO TAKE
110.TO TEACH
111.TO TEAR
112.TO TELL
113. THINK
114. THROW
115.TO UNDERSTAND
116.TO WAKE
117.TO WEAR
118.TO WEAVE
119.TO WED
120.TO WEEP
121.TO WET
122.TO WIN
123.TO WIND
124.TO WRITE
PAID
PUT
QUIT
READ
RODE
RANG
ROSE
RAN
SAW
SOUGHT
SOLD
SENT
SET
SHOOK
SHONE
SHOT
SHOWED
SHUT
SANG
SANK
SAT
SLEPT
SPOKE
SPED
SPENT
SPIT(spat)
SPREAD
SPRANG
STOOD
STOLE
STUCK
STRUCK
SWORE
SWEPT
SWAM
SWANG
TOOK
TAUGHT
TORE
TOLD
THOUGHT
THREW
UNDERSTOOD
WOKE
WORE
WOVE
WED
WEPT
WET
WON
WOUND
WROTE
PAID
PUT
QUIT
READ
RIDDEN
RUNG
RISEN
RUN
SEEN
SOUGHT
SOLD
SENT
SET
SHAKEN
SHONE
SHOT
SHOWM
SHUT
SUNG
SUNK
SAT
SLEPT
SPOKEN
SPED
SPENT
SPIT (spat)
SPREAD
SPRUNG
STOOD
STOLEN
STUCK
STRUCK
SWORN
SWEPT
SWUM
SWUNG
TAKEN
TAUGHT
TORN
TOLD
THOUGHT
THROWN
UNDERSTOOD
WOKEN
WORN
WOVEN
WED
WEPT
WET
WON
WOUND
WRITTEN
PAGAR
COLOCAR, PR
DISISTIR
LER
MONTAR, ANDAR DE...
TOCAR
SUBIR, AUMENTAR, ASCENDER
CORRER
VER
PROCURAR
VENDER
MANDAR, ENVIAR
POR
TREMER
BRILHAR
ATIRAR
MOSTRAR
FECHAR
CANTAR
AFUNDAR
SENTAR
DORMIR
FALAR
ACELERAR
PASSAR, GASTAR
CUSPIR
ESPALHAR
SALTAR
FICAR DE P, SUPORTAR
ROUBAR
COLAR
BATER, FAZER GREVE
JURAR, PRAGUEJAR
VARRER
NADAR
BALANAR
PEGAR, LEVAR, TOMAR
ENSINAR
RASGAR
DIZER, CONTAR
PENSAR, ACHAR
ATIRAR, JOGAR
ENTENDER
ACORDAR
USAR, VESTIR
TECER
CASAR
CHORAR, LAMENTAR-SE
MOLHAR-SE
GANHAR, VENCER.
ENROLAR, DAR, CORDA
ESCREVER
SIMPLE PAST
PAST PARTICIPLE
TRANSLATION
1. TO ABSORB
ABSORBED
ABSORBED
ABSORVER
2. TO ACCEPT
ACCEPTED
ACCEPTED
ACEITAR
3. TO ACCUMULATE
ACCUMULATED
ACCUMULATED
ACUMULAR
4. TO ACT
ACTED
ACTED
ENCENAR
5. TO ADD
ADDED
ADDED
SOMAR
6. TO ADMIRE
ADMIRED
ADMIRED
ADMIRAR
43
7. TO AFFECT
AFFECTED
AFFECTED
AFETAR
8. TO AGREE
AGREED
AGREED
CONCORDAR
9. TO ALLOW
ALLOWED
ALLOWED
PERMITIR
10. TO ANNOUNCE
ANNOUNCED
ANNOUNCED
ANUNCIAR
11. TO ANSWER
ANSWERED
ANSWERED
RESPONDER
12. TO APPEAR
APPEARED
APPEARED
APARECER
13. TO APPROACH
APPROACHED
APPROACHED
APROXIMAR
14. TO ARRIVE
ARRIVED
ARRIVED
CHEGAR
15. TO ASK
ASKED
ASKED
16. TO ATTEND
ATTENDED
ATTENDED
PERGUNTAR
ASSISTIR A;
FREQUNTAR
17. TO BANG
BANGED
BANGED
BELIEVED
BELIEVED
ACREDITAR (em)
BELONGED
BELONGED
PERTENCER (a)
20. TO BREATHE
BREATHED
BREATHED
RESPIRAR
21. TO BRUSH
BRUSHED
BRUSHED
ESCOVAR
22. TO BURN
BURNED
BURNED
QUEIMAR
23. TO CALL
CALLED
CALLED
CHAMAR; TELEFONAR
24. TO CAPTURE
CAPTURED
CAPTURED
CAPTURAR
25. TO CARRY
CARRIED
CARRIED
26. TO CASH
CASHED
CASHED
CARREGAR
DESCONTAR UM
CHEQUE
27. TO CAUSE
CAUSED
CAUSED
CAUSAR
28. TO CHANGE
CHANGED
CHANGED
MUDAR; TROCAR
29. TO CLEAN
CLEANED
CLEANED
30. TO CLEAR
CLEARED
CLEARED
LIMPAR
LIBERAR; CLAREAR;
ILUMINAR
31. TO CLOSE
CLOSED
CLOSED
FECHAR
32. TO COMPLETE
COMPLETED
COMPLETED
COMPLETAR
33. TO COMPOSE
COMPOSED
COMPOSED
COMPOR
34. TO CONCERN
CONCERNED
CONCERNED
REFERIR-SE
35. TO CONSIDER
CONSIDERED
CONSIDERED
CONSIDERAR
36. TO CONSTITUTE
CONSTITUTED
CONSTITUTED
CONSTITUIR
37. TO CONTAIN
CONTAINED
CONTAINED
CONTER
38. TO CONVINCE
CONVINCED
CONVINCED
CONVENCER
39. TO COOK
COOKED
COOKED
COZINHAR
40. TO CORRUPT
CORRUPTED
CORRUPTED
CORROMPER
41. TO COUNT
COUNTED
COUNTED
CONTAR
42. TO COVER
COVERED
COVERED
COBRIR
43. TO CROSS
CROSSED
CROSSED
44. TO CRY
CRIED
CRIED
CRUZAR; ATRAVESSAR
CHORAR; GRITAR;
CLAMAR
45. TO DANCE
DANCED
DANCED
DANAR
46. TO DECIDE
DECIDED
DECIDED
DECIDIR
DEPENDED
DEPENDED
DEPENDER (de)
48. TO DESCRIBE
DESCRIBED
DESCRIBED
DESCREVER
49. TO DESERVE
DESERVED
DESERVED
MERECER
50. TO DESTROY
DESTROYED
DESTROYED
DESTRUIR
51. TO DEVELOP
DEVELOPED
DEVELOPED
DESENVOLVER
52. TO DIAL
DIALED
DIALED
DISCAR
53. TO DIE
DIED
DIED
MORRER
54. TO DIGIT
DIGITED
DIGITED
DIGITAR
44
55. TO DISAGREE
DISAGREED
DISAGREED
DISCORDAR
56. TO DISAPPEAR
DISAPPEARED
DISAPPEARED
DESAPARECER
57. TO DISCOVER
DISCOVERED
DISCOVERED
DESCOBRIR
58. TO DISTRIBUTE
DISTRIBUTED
DISTRIBUTED
DISTRIBUIR
59. TO DISTURB
DISTURBED
DISTURBED
PERTURBAR
DREAMED (mt)
DREAMED (mt)
61. TO DRY
DRIED
DRIED
SECAR
62. TO ENABLE
ENABLED
ENABLED
CAPACITAR
63. TO END
ENDED
ENDED
TERMINAR
64. TO ENJOY
ENJOYED
ENJOYED
DIVIRTIR-SE; APRECIAR
65. TO ESTABLISH
ESTABLISHED
ESTABLISHED
ESTABELECER
66. TO EXERCISE
EXERCISED
EXERCISED
EXERCITAR-SE
67. TO EXHAUST
EXHAUSTED
EXHAUSTED
ESGOTAR
68. TO EXPERIENCE
EXPERIENCED
EXPERIENCED
EXPERIMENTAR
69. TO EXPLAIN
EXPLAINED
EXPLAINED
EXPLICAR
70. TO EXPRESS
EXPRESSED
EXPRESSED
EXPRESSAR; EXPRIMIR
71. TO FEAR
FEARED
FEARED
TEMER; RECEAR
72. TO FILL
FILLED
FILLED
ENCHER; PREENCHER
73. TO FINISH
FINISHED
FINISHED
TERMINAR
74. TO FIX
FIXED
FIXED
CONSERTAR
75. TO FLAP
FLAPPED
FLAPPED
AGITAR; ABANAR
76. TO FLOAT
FLOATED
FLOATED
FLUTUAR
77. TO FOLLOW
FOLLOWED
FOLLOWED
SEGUIR
78. TO FUNCTION
FUNCTIONED
FUNCTIONED
FUNCIONAR
79. TO GOSSIP
GOSSIPED
GOSSIPED
FOFOCAR
80. TO GOVERNE
GOVERNED
GOVERNED
GOVERNAR
81. TO GUARD
GUARDED
GUARDED
GUARDAR
82. TO GUESS
GUESSED
GUESSED
ADIVINHAR
83. TO HAPPEN
HAPPENED
HAPPENED
ACONTECER
84. TO HATE
HATED
HATED
ODIAR
85. TO HELP
HELPED
HELPED
SOCORRER; AJUDAR
86. TO HITCH
HITCHED
HITCHED
87. TO HOPE
HOPED
HOPED
ATRELAR
TER ESPERANA (em);
ESPERAR (por)
88. TO HUNT
HUNTED
HUNTED
89. TO IMPROVE
IMPROVED
IMPROVED
CAAR
PROGREDIR;
MELHORAR
90. TO INCLUDE
INCLUDED
INCLUDED
INCLUIR
91. TO INCREASE
INCREASED
INCREASED
AUMENTAR
92. TO INSERT
INSERTED
INSERTED
INSERIR
INSISTED
INSISTED
INSISTIR (em)
94. TO INSPECT
INSPECTED
INSPECTED
95. TO INTEND
INTENDED
INTENDED
INSPECIONAR
PRETENDER;
TENCIONAR
96. TO INTERCEPT
INTERCEPTED
INTERCEPTED
INTERCEPTAR
97. TO INTEREST
INTERESTED
INTERESTED
INTERESSAR-SE
98. TO INTERRUPT
INTERRUPTED
INTERRUPTED
INTERROMPER
99. TO INTRODUCE
INTRODUCED
INTRODUCED
APRESENTAR
100. TO INVITE
INVITED
INVITED
CONVIDAR
101. TO INVOLVE
INVOLVED
INVOLVED
ENVOLVER
102. TO KILL
KILLED
KILLED
MATAR
45
103. TO LAND
LANDED
LANDED
ATERRISSAR
104. TO LAST
LASTED
LASTED
DURAR
105. TO LAUGH
LAUGHED
LAUGHED
RIR
106. TO LEARN
LEARNED
LEARNED
APRENDER
107. TO LIKE
LIKED
LIKED
GOSTAR (de)
108. TO LIST
LISTED
LISTED
LISTENED
LISTENED
LISTAR
ESCUTAR COM
ATENO
110. TO LIVE
LIVED
LIVED
VIVER; MORAR
111. TO LOOK
LOOKED
LOOKED
OLHAR
112. TO LOVE
LOVED
LOVED
AMAR
113. TO LOWER
LOWERED
LOWERED
BAIXAR
114. TO MARRY
MARRIED
MARRIED
CASAR-SE (com)
115. TO MATCH
MATCHED
MATCHED
COMBINAR, IGUALAR
116. TO MELT
MELTED
MELTED
DERRETER-SE
117. TO MENTION
MENTIONED
MENTIONED
MENCIONAR
118. TO MISS
MISSED
MISSED
119. TO MOVE
MOVED
MOVED
MOVER-SE
120. TO NEED
NEEDED
NEEDED
PRECISAR (de)
121. TO NOTICE
NOTICED
NOTICED
NOTAR; VERIFICAR
122. TO OBEY
OBEYED
OBEYED
OBEDECER
123. TO OCCUPY
OCCUPIED
OCCUPIED
OCUPAR
124. TO OFFEND
OFFENDED
OFFENDED
OFENDER
125. OFFER
OFFERED
OFFERED
OFERECER-SE
126. TO OMIT
OMITTED
OMITTED
OMITIR
127. TO OPEN
OPENED
OPENED
ABRIR; INAUGURAR
128. TO ORDER
ORDERED
ORDERED
ORDENAR
129. TO OWN
OWNED
OWNED
POSSUIR
130. TO OWE
OWED
OWED
131. TO PACK
PACKED
PACKED
DEVER
ARRUMAR; FAZER AS
MALAS
132. TO PAINT
PAINTED
PAINTED
PINTAR
133. TO PICK
PICKED
PICKED
APANHAR (objetos)
134. TO PLAN
PLANNED
PLANNED
PLANEJAR
135. TO PLANT
PLANTED
PLANTED
136. TO PLAY
PLAYED
PLAYED
PLANTAR
BRINCAR; JOGAR;
TOCAR
137. TO PLEASE
PLEASED
PLEASED
SATISFAZER
138. TO POINT
POINTED
POINTED
APONTAR
139. TO PRAY
PRAYED
PRAYED
REZAR; ORAR
140. TO PREDICT
PREDICTED
PREDICTED
PREVER
141. TO PREFER
PREFERRED
PREFERRED
PREFERIR
142. TO PREPARE
PREPARED
PREPARED
PREPARAR
143. TO PRESENT
PRESENTED
PRESENTED
APRESENTAR
144. TO PRESS
PRESSED
PRESSED
PRESSIONAR
145. TO PREVENT
PREVENTED
PREVENTED
PREVENIR
146. TO PRODUCE
PRODUCED
PRODUCED
PRODUZIR
147. TO PROTECT
PROTECTED
PROTECTED
PROTEGER
148. TO PROVIDE
PROVIDED
PROVIDED
PROVER; FORNECER
149. TO PULL
PULLED
PULLED
PUXAR
150. TO PUSH
PUSHED
PUSHED
EMPURRAR
46
151. TO RAIN
RAINED
RAINED
CHOVER
152. TO RAISE
RAISED
RAISED
LEVANTAR; ELEVAR
153. TO REACH
REACHED
REACHED
ALCANAR; CHEGAR A
154. TO REALIZE
REALIZED
REALIZED
PERCEBER
155. TO RECOGNIZE
RECOGNIZED
RECOGNIZED
RECONHECER
REFERRED
REFERRED
REFERIR-SE (a)
157. TO REFLECT
REFLECTED
REFLECTED
REFLETIR
158. TO RELEASE
RELEASED
RELEASED
SOLTAR; LIBERTAR
159. TO RELIEVE
RELIEVED
RELIEVED
ALIVIAR
160. TO REMAIN
REMAINED
REMAINED
PERMANECER; FICAR
161. TO REMARK
REMARKED
REMARKED
OBSERVAR; COMENTAR
162. TO REMEMBER
REMEMBERED
REMEMBERED
163. TO REMIND
REMINDED
REMINDED
LEMBRAR-SE (de)
TRAZER MEMRIA;
FAZER LEMBRAR
164. TO REMOVE
REMOVED
REMOVED
RETIRAR
165. TO REPAIR
REPAIRED
REPAIRED
REPARAR; CONSERTAR
166. TO REPLY
REPLIED
REPLIED
RESPONDER
167. TO REPRESENT
REPRESENTED
REPRESENTED
REPRESENTAR
168. TO REQUIRE
REQUIRED
REQUIRED
EXIGIR
169. TO REST
RESTED
RESTED
DESCANSAR
170. TO RESULT
RESULTED
RESULTED
171. TO RETIRE
RETIRED
RETIRED
RESULTAR
RETIRAR-SE;
APOSENTAR-SE
172. TO RETURN
RETURNED
RETURNED
RETORNAR
173. TO ROB
ROBBED
ROBBED
ROUBAR
174. TO SAVE
SAVED
SAVED
SEARCHED
SEARCHED
ECONOMIZAR
PROCURAR (por);
BUSCAR (por)
176. TO SEEM
SEEMED
SEEMED
PARECER
177. TO SERVE
SERVED
SERVED
SERVIR
178. TO SHAVE
SHAVED
SHAVED
FAZER A BARBA
179. TO SHORTEN
SHORTENED
SHORTENED
ENCURTAR
180. TO SHOUT
SHOUTED
SHOUTED
GRITAR
181. TO SHOW
SHOWED
SHOWED
MOSTRAR
182. TO SIGN
SIGNED
SIGNED
ASSINAR
183. TO SKI
SKIED
SKIED
ESQUIAR
184. TO SMILE
SMILED
SMILED
SORRIR
185. TO SMOKE
SMOKED
SMOKED
186. TO SOLVE
SOLVED
SOLVED
FUMAR
RESOLVER;
SOLUCIONAR
187. TO START
STARTED
STARTED
COMEAR; INICIAR
188. TO STAY
STAYED
STAYED
FICAR; PERMANECER
189. TO STIMULATE
STIMULATED
STIMULATED
ESTIMULAR
190. TO STOP
STOPPED
STOPPED
191. TO STRESS
STRESSED
STRESSED
PARAR (de)
EXERCER PRESSO
SOBRE; SALIENTAR
192. TO STUDY
STUDIED
STUDIED
ESTUDAR
193. TO SUBTRACT
SUBTRACTED
SUBTRACTED
SUBTRAIR
SUFFERED
SUFFERED
SOFRER (de)
195. TO SUGGEST
SUGGESTED
SUGGESTED
SUGERIR
196. TO SURPRISE
SURPRISED
SURPRISED
SURPREENDER
197. TO SURVIVE
SURVIVED
SURVIVED
SOBREVIVER
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198. TO SWALLOW
SWALLOWED
SWALLOWED
ENGOLIR
199. TO TALK
TALKED
TALKED
CONVERSAR
200. TO TASTE
TASTED
TASTED
PROVAR
201. TO THREATEN
THREATENED
THREATENED
AMEAAR
202. TO TOLERATE
TOLERATED
TOLERATED
TOLERAR
203. TO TRAIN
TRAINED
TRAINED
TREINAR
204. TO TRAVEL
TRAVELED/TRAVELLED
TRAVELED/TRAVELLED
VIAJAR
205. TO TRY
TRIED
TRIED
TURNED
TURNED
TENTAR
VIRAR; GIRAR; MUDAR
(de direo)
207. TYPE
TYPED
TYPED
DATILOGRAFAR
208. TO UNSCRAMBLE
UNSCRAMBLED
UNSCRAMBLED
DECIFRAR
209. TO USE
USED
USED
USAR
210. TO WAIT
WAITED
WAITED
ESPERAR
211. TO WALK
WALKED
WALKED
ANDAR; CAMINHAR
212. TO WANT
WANTED
WANTED
QUERER
213. TO WARN
WARNED
WARNED
ADVERTIR; ALERTAR
214. TO WASH
WASHED
WASHED
LAVAR
215. TO WATCH
WATCHED
WATCHED
OBSERVAR; ASSISTIR
216. TO WAX
WAXED
WAXED
ENCENAR
217. TO WEIGH
WEIGHED
WEIGHED
PESAR
218. TO WHISPER
WHISPERED
WHISPERED
219. TO WORK
WORKED
WORKED
SUSSURRAR
TRABALHAR;
FUNCIONAR
WORRIED
WORRIED
PREOCUPAR-SE (com)
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A forma ING descreve a coisa ou a pessoa que faz algum se sentir daquela maneira.
Observe o exemplo:
The students are worried because the questions are worrying.
Os estudantes esto preocupados porque as perguntas so preocupantes.
O USO DO SUFIXO ING
Palavras cuja formao composta por ING podem apresentar diferentes classes gramaticais:
LEARNING = Pode significar aprendendo; aprender ou aprendizagem, dependendo de como
apresentada na sentena.
They are learning how to get more information. = (aps o verbo to be) GERNDIO
Eles esto aprendendo como conseguir mais informaes.
SUBSTANTIVO
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51
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Radioactive atom
tomo radioativo
Observe que o adjetivo permanece igual tanto no singular quanto no plural, porm
quando fazemos a traduo para o portugus preciso fazer a concordncia do adjetivo
com o substantivo.
Mais um exemplo:
Bad boy
Garoto malvado
Bad girl
Garota malvada
Percebe-se no exemplo acima que, em ingls, o adjetivo ficou igual tanto para o
masculino quanto para o feminino, porm em portugus, foi feita a concordncia
apropriada.
Regras para colocar os substantivos no plural:
1- Regra geral
Acrecenta-se S ao substantivo
Atom =atoms (tomo)
2- Substantivo terminado em S,SH,CH,X,O,Z
Acrescenta-se ES ao substantivo
Box=boxes (caixa)
3- Substantivo terminado em Y
- Acrescenta-se S se o Y for precedido de Vogal
Boy = boys (garoto)
-Troca-se o Y por IES se o Y for precedido de Consoante
City = cities (cidade)
4- Substantivo terminado em F ou FE
Geralmente troca-se o F ou FE por VES
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g-box
b-image
h-screen
c-injury
i-ray
d-copy
j-knife
e-tooth
k-wife
f-child
l-man
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5-high = alto(a)
6-as high as = to alto(a) quanto
7-higher than = mais alto(a) que
8-the highest = o mais alto(a)
9-hot = quente
10-as hot as= to quente quanto
11-hotter than = mais quente que
12-the hottest = o mais quente
13-ugly = feio
14- as ugly as = to feio quanto
15-uglier than = mais feio que
16-the ugliest = o mais feio
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21-expensive = caro
22-as expensive as = to caro quanto
23-more expensive than = mais caro que
24-the most expensive = o mais caro
Exemplos em frases:
Comparativos:
1- Brazil is bigger than Sweden. (O Brasil maior do que a Sucia).
2-Portugal is smaller than Brazil. (Portugal menor do que o Brasil).
3-Mexico is hotter than Sweden. (O Mxico mais quente do que a Sucia).
4-My friend is younger than me. (Meu/minha amigo/amiga mais novo/nova do que eu).
5-The car is faster than bicycle.(O carro mais rpido do que a bicicleta).
Superlativos:
1-Chinas population is the biggest of the world. (A populao da China a maior do mundo)
2-Kevin is my best friend. (Kevin o meu melhor amigo)
3-I think the war is the worst thing that exists. (Eu acho a guerra a pior coisa que existe)
4-Rio Grande do Sul is the coldest state in Brazil. (O Rio Grande do Sul o estado mais frio do
Brasil).
Comparativos:
1-Climbing is more difficult than skiing. (Escalar mais difcil do que esquiar).
2-Boxe is more dangerous than volleyball. (O boxe mais perigoso do que voleibol).
3-Soccer is more popular than golf. (O futebol mais popular do que o golf).
Superlativos:
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1-In Brazil, soccer is the most popular sport. (No Brasil, o futebol o esporte mais popular).
2-I think swimming is the most tiring sport that I practice. (Eu acho que a natao o esporte
mais cansativo que eu pratico).
3-I think chess is the most intelligent game that exists. (Eu acho que o xadrez o jogo mais
inteligente que existe).
4-I think horror movie is the most boring kind of movie. (Eu acho que filme de terror o tipo
mais chato de filme).
Comparativo de igualdade
1-Bahia is as hot as Cear. (A Bahia to quente quanto o Cear).
2-Rock is as interesting as Jazz. (O rock to interessante quanto o jazz).
3-Golf is not as popular as soccer. (O golfe no to popular quanto o futebol).
4-Volley is not as dangerous as boxe. (O volei no to perigoso quanto o boxe)
ADAPTADO DO SITE
HTTP://WWW.SOFI.COM.BR/NODE/881
EXERCISES
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TEXTO 1
Refurbished Portable X-Ray Machines
Amber Diagnostics is a leading provider of used portable X-Ray equipment and X-Ray machines. Our
equipment refurbishing process ensures our portable X-Ray machines meet or exceed the OEM
specifications and complies with FDA laws. Amber Diagnostics backs this up with warranty that
includes all X-Ray parts and labor.
Problems identified
Conditions commonly identified by chest radiograph
Hiatal hernia
pneumothorax
Interstitial lung disease
Congestive heart failure
Bone fracture
Pneumotrax
Doena intersticial pulmonar
Insuficincia cardaca congestiva
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Pneumonia
Emphysema
Chest radiographs are used to diagnose many conditions involving the chest wall, bones of the
thorax, and structures contained within the thoracic cavity including the lungs, heart, and great
vessels. Pneumonia and congestive heart failure are very commonly diagnosed by chest radiograph.
Chest radiographs are used to screen for job-related lung disease in industries such as mining where
workers are exposed to dust.
For some conditions of the chest, radiography is good for screening but poor for diagnosis.
When a condition is suspected based on chest radiography, additional imaging of the chest can be
obtained to definitively diagnose the condition or to provide evidence in favor of the diagnosis
suggested by initial chest radiography.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chest_radiograph
Observe o texto 2 e responda:
1)Que tipo de texto esse?
2) Qual o objetivo do texto?
3)Quem voc acha que estaria interessado em ler um texto deste tipo?
4)Onde voc acha que poderia encontrar esse texto?
5) H pistas tipogrficas no texto, que possa ajudar no entendimento e traduo dele?
6) H palavras repetidas no texto? Quais so? Transcreva-as.
7) H palavras cognatas no textos? Quais so?
De acordo com o texto 2,
8)Para que serve uma radiografia de trax?
9) Quais so as doenas comuns diagnosticadas em uma radiografia de trax?
10) A radiografia de trax boa para que, e pobre para que?
11) Quando se h suspeita de doena baseado em uma radiografia de trax o que deve ser feito?
TEXTO 3
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An alpha is a particle emitted from the nucleus of an atom, that contains two protons and two neutrons. It is
identical to the nucleus of a Helium atom, without the electrons.
Neutrons
Neutrons are neutral particles that are normally contained in the nucleus of all atoms and may be removed by
various interactions or processes like collision and fission.
X rays
X Rays are electromagnetic waves or photons not emitted from the nucleus, but normally emitted by energy
changes in electrons..
Common Units - USA
These are the common units used in the United States in health physics.
Roentgen (R)
The roentgen is a unit used to measure a quantity called exposure. This can only be used to describe an
amount of gamma and X-rays, and only in air.
Rad (radiation absorbed dose)
The rad is a unit used to measure a quantity called absorbed dose.
Rem (roentgen equivalent man)
The rem is a unit used to derive a quantity called equivalent dose. This relates the absorbed dose in human
tissue to the effective biological damage of the radiation. Not all radiation has the same biological effect, even
for the same amount of absorbed dose.
Curie (Ci)
The curie is a unit used to measure a radioactivity..
Common Units - SI - International Standard
Note: These are the common units used throughout the world in health physics.
Gray (Gy)
The gray is a unit used to measure a quantity called absorbed dose..
Sievert (Sv)
The sievert is a unit used to derive a quantity called equivalent dose. This relates the absorbed dose in human
tissue to the effective biological damage of the radiation. Not all radiation has the same biological effect, even
for the same amount of absorbed dose.
Becquerel (Bq)
The Becquerel is a unit used to measure a radioactivity.
Terms Related to Radiation Dose
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Chronic dose
A Chronic dose means a person received a radiation dose over a long period of time.
Acute dose
An acute dose means a person received a radiation dose over a short period of time.
Somatic effects
Somatic effects are effects from some agent, like radiation that are seen in the individual who receives the
agent.
Genetic effects
Genetic effects are effects from some agent, that are seen in the offspring of the individual who received the
agent. The agent must be encountered pre-conception.
Teratogenic effects
Teratogenic effects are effects from some agent, that are seen in the offspring of the individual who received
the agent. The agent must be encountered during the gestation period.
Stochastic effects
Stochastic effects are effects that occur on a random basis with its effect being independent of the size of dose.
The effect typically has no threshold and is based on probabilities, with the chances of seeing the effect
increasing with dose. Cancer is a stochastic effect.
Non-stochastic effect
Non-stochastic effects are effects that can be related directly to the dose received. The effect is more severe
with a higher dose, i.e., the burn gets worse as dose increases. It typically has a threshold, below which the
effect will not occur. A skin burn from radiation is a non-stochastic effect.
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Organizar/ordenar
Modelos Tridimensionais
3D-BUILD MODEL/RECONSTRUCT- Construir modelo em 3D/Reconstruo;
CUT- Cortar, dividir;
FILTER- Filtro;
MIXING- Misturar (imagens cortadas);
PAINT- Pintar (reas de interesse);
THRESHOLD- Limite, limiar;
VOLUME RENDERING- Renderizao (algo como fazer render mais, ser melhor aproveitado);
Modelos pr-definidos
CT-ANGIO- Angiografia (estrutura cardaca).
CT-BONE- Estrutura ssea;
CT-LUNG- rea pulmonar (vasobrnquica e parnquima);
CT-SOFT- Tecidos moles;
Disponvel em http://inglespararadiologia.blogspot.com.br/2012/05/lesson-9.html
REFERNCIA BIBLIOGRFICA
66
por
CRUZ, Dcio Torres & SILVA, Alba Valria & ROSAS, Marta. Ingls.com.textos para informtica. Salvador:
O Autor, 2001.
GUANDALINI, Eiter Otvio. Tcnicas de leitura em Ingls.Estgio 1 - So Paulo: TEXTO NOVO, 2002.
MARTINS, Elisabeth P. & PASQUALIN, Ernesto & AMOS, Eduardo. Graded English. So Paulo: Moderna,
1993.
MUNHOZ, Rosngela. Ingls Instrumental Estratgias de Leitura. Mdulo I. So Paulo: TEXTO NOVO,
2000.
________.Ingls Instrumental Estratgias de Leitura. Mdulo II. So Paulo: TEXTO NOVO, 2001.
TORRES, Nelson. Gramtica Prtica da Lngua Inglesa - O Ingls Descomplicado. So Paulo: Saraiva, 1993.
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CDIGO:
CONTEDO
Apresentao da disciplina e do
plano de ensino
O que Ingls Tcnico?
Nveis de compreenso de um texto
Recursos que podem facilitar a
compreenso.
Estratgias de leitura:
- Skimming
- Scanning
- Selectivity
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6
7
8
Modo Imperativo
Comandos utilizados em Radiologia
Mdica
Pronomes
Presente Simples
10
Passado Simples
11
Futuro Simples
12
AV1
13
14
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15
16
17
18
19
20
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