GLOBAL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

MELVISHARAM -632509
ME 6301 ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS
III SEMESTER MECHANICAL AND AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING
UNIT-1 BASIC CONCEPT & FIRST LAW
PART-A
1. Write down the equation for first law for a steady flow process. (Apr/May 16)
2. Give the energy equation applicable for an adiabatic nozzle and an adiabatic turbine.
(Apr/May 16)
3. Show how zeroth law of thermodynamics is used for temperature measurement.(Nov/Dec
15)
4. Show that the energy of an isolated system remains constant. (Nov/Dec 15)
5. State the first law for a closed system undergoing a process and a cycle. (Apr/May 15)
6. Why does free expansion have zero work transfer? (Apr/May 15)
7. What is zeroth law of thermodynamics? (Nov/Dec 14)
8. Compare heat transfer with work transfer. (Nov/Dec 14)
9. Define Thermodynamic Equilibrium. (May/June 14)
10. Differentiate between Point function and Path function. (May/June 14)
11. What is microscopic approach in thermodynamics? (Nov/Dec13)
12. Define extensive property. (Nov/Dec13)
13. Define Continuum. (May/June 13)
14. Differentiate between heat and temperature. (May/June 13)
15. Distinguish between Macroscopic and Macroscopic energy. (Nov/Dec 2012)
16. Define quasi-static process. (May/June 12) (Nov/Dec 12)
17. What is PMM 1? Why it is impossible? (May/June 12)
18. Distinguish between the terms state and processes of thermodynamics. (Nov/Dec 2011)
19. Show that energy of an isolated system is always constant. (Nov/Dec 2011)

PART-B
1. A mass of air is initially at 260 C and 700 kPa, and occupies 0.028 m 3.The air is expanded
at constant pressure to 0.084 m3. A polytrophic process with n = 1.5 is then carried out
followed by a constant temperature process which completes a cycle. All the process are
reversible. (1)Sketch the cycle in T-S and P-V planes (2) Find the heat received and heat
rejected in the cycle.' (3) .Fin& the efficiency of the cycle. (Apr/May 16)
2. A room for four person has 2 fans ,each consuming 0.18 kW power, and three 100 W lamps.
Ventilation air at the rate of 80 kg/hr enters with an enthalpy of 84 kJ/kg and leaves with an
enthalpy of 59 kJ/kg. If each person puts out heat at the rate of 630 kJ/hr. Determine the rate
at which heat is removed by a room cooler, so that a steady state is maintained in the room.
(Apr/May 16)

3. (i) A mass of gas is compressed in a quasi - static process from 80 KPa, 0.1m to
3
1.35
0.04MPa,0.03 m .assuming that the pressure and the temperature are related by PV =C,

Predict the work done by the gas system.

(ii) A milk chilling unit can remove heat from the milk at the rate of 41.87MJ/hr. Heat
leaks into the milk from the surrounding at an average rate of 4.187MJ/hr. Find the

temperature required for cooling a batch of 500 Kg of milk from 45 C to 5 C. Take Cp of

milk to be 4.187KJ/kg K.
(Nov/Dec 2015
4. (i) Write the steady flow energy equation for a boiler.
(Nov/Dec 2015)
(ii) Air flows steadily at the rate of 0.04 kg/s through an air compressor, entering at
6 m/s with a pressure of bar and a specific volume of 0.85 m 3/kg and leaving at 4.5
m/s with a pressure of 6.9 bar and a specific volume of 0.16 m3/kg. The internal energy
of the air leaving is
88 kJ/kg greater than that of entering air. Cooling water
surrounding the cylinder absorbs heat from the air at the rate of 59 W. Calculate the
power required to drive the compressor and the inlet and outlet cross-sectional areas.
(Nov/Dec 2015)
5. A turbine operating under steady flow conditions receives steam at the following state:
pressure 13.8 bar, specific volume 0.143 m /kg, internal energy 2590 KJ/Kg, velocity 30
m/s. The state of the stream leaving turbine is turbine is; pressure 0.35 bar, specific volume
4.37m /Kg, internal energy 2360 KJ/Kg, velocity 90 m/s. Heat is lost to the surroundings at
the rate of 0.25 Kg/s. If the rate of steam flow is 0.38 Kg/s, what is the power developed by
the turbine?
(May/June 2015)
3

6. A gas undergoes a thermodynamic cycle consisting of the following processes

3
(i) Process 1-2: constant pressure P1=1.4 bar, V1= 0.028m , W1-2=10.5kJ
(ii) Process 2-3: compression with PV=C, U3=U2
(iii)Process 3-1: constant volume, U1-U3 = -26.4kJ.
There are no significant changes in the KE and PE.
1) Sketch the cycle on a PV diagram.
2) Calculate the network for the cycle in kJ.
3) Calculate the heat transfer for the process 1-2.
4) Show that the sum of heat transfer in the cycle is equal to the sum of work transfer in the
cycle. :
(May/June 2015)

7. Three grams of nitrogen gas at 6 atm. and 160 C in a frictionless piston cylinder device is
expanded adiabatically to double its initial volume, then compressed at constant pressure to
its initial volume and then compressed again at constant volume to its initial state.
Calculate the net work done on the gas. Draw the P-V diagram for the processes.
(Nov/Dec 14)
8. 90KJ of heat is supplied to a system at constant volume. The system rejects 95KJ of heat
at constant pressure and 18 KJ of work is done on it. The system is brought to its original
state by adiabatic process. Determine;
(i) The adiabatic work
(ii) The values of internal energy at all states if initial value is 105 kJ
(Nov/Dec 14)]
9. Determine the heat transfer and its direction for a system in which a perfect gas having

the molecular weight of 6 is compressed from 101.3 KPa, 20 C to a pressure of 600 KPa
1.3
following the law pV
= C.Take specific heat at constant pressure of a gas is
1.7kJ/Kg-K.
(May/June 14)

10. In a gas turbine installation air is heated inside the heat exchanger up to 750 C from the

ambient temperature of27 C. hot air then enters into the gas turbine with a velocity of 50

m/s and leaves at 600 C. Air leaving the turbine enters a nozzle at 60m/s velocity and

leaves the nozzle at the temperature of 500 C. for unit mass of the flow rate of air,
Examine the following assuming the adiabatic expansion in the turbine and nozzle. BT-3
(i) Heat transfer to air in heat exchanger
(ii) Power output from turbine
(iii)Velocity at the exit of the nozzle. Take Cp of air as 1.005kJ/Kg K.
(May/June 14)
11. Derive the steady flow energy equation and reduce it for a turbine, pump, nozzle and a
heat exchanger.
(Nov/Dec 2013)
12. Briefly explain the following:
(i) Point and path function
(ii) Property state process and path
(iii)Quasi-static process

(Nov/Dec 2013)
(4)
(8)
(4)

13. A three process cycle operating with nitrogen gas as the working substance has constant

temperature compression at 34 Cwith the initial pressure 100KPa. Then the gas
undergoes a constant volume heating and then polytropic expansion with1.35 as index of
compression. The isothermal compression requires -67 KJ/Kg of work. Point out
(i) P, V&T around the cycle.
(ii) Heat in and out
(iii)Net work
For Nitrogen gas Cv = 0.7431KJ/Kg K.
(May/June 13)
14. Prove that energy is a property of a system and also explain the limitations of first law of
thermodynamics.
(May/June 13)
15. A gas of mass 1.5 kg undergoes a quasistatic expansion, which follows a relationship
P=a+bV, where a and b are constants. The initial and final pressures are 1000 kPa and
200 kPa respectively and the corresponding volumes are 0.2 m3 and 1.2 m3 . The specific
internal energy of the gas is given by the relation U = (1.5PV 85) kJ/kg, where P is in kPa
and V is in m3 . Calculate the net heat transfer and the maximum internal energy of the gas
attained during expansion.
(Nov/Dec 12)
UNIT-2 SECOND LAW AND AVAILABILITY ANALYSIS
PART-A
1. A reversible heat engine operates between a source at 800 C and a sink at 30 C. What
is the least rate of heat rejection per KW network output of the engine?(May/Jun16)
2. Define Irreversibility.
(May/Jun16)
3. What a r e the causes o f irreversibility?
4. What i s entropy principle?
5. What is thermal energy reservoir? Explain the term source and sink.

6. What is reversed heat engine?

7. State kelvin Plancks second law statement.
8. What is the entropy principle?
9. Write Carnot theorem and its corollaries.
10. Write the applications of reversed carnot cycle.
11. What is the difference between adiabatic and isentropic process?
12. State Clausius statement.
13. Draw a schematic of an heat pump.
14. Give the conditions for reversibility.
15. What is meant by dead state?

(Nov/Dec15)
(Nov/Dec15)

(May/Jun15)
(May/Jun15)
(Nov/Dec14)
(Nov/Dec14)
(May/Jun14)
(May/Jun13)
(May/Jun13)
(Nov/Dec13)
(Nov/Dec13)
(May/Jun12)

16. Give the expressions for the thermal efficiency of a heat engine and the C.O.P.
of a heat pump.
(May/Jun12)
17. With T-s diagram find the isothermal heat addition process.
(Nov/Dec12)
18. In an isothermal process 1000 kJ of work is done by the system at a
temperature of 200C. What is the entropy change of this process? (Nov/Dec12)
19. Point out the purpose of second law of thermodynamics.
20. What is the difference between Refrigerator and heat pump?
PART B
1. A heat engine operating between two reservoirs at 1000 k and 300k is used to drive a heat
pump which extracts heat from the reservoir at 300 k at a rate twice that at which the
engine rejects heat to it. If the efficiency of the engine is 40%of the maximum possible and
the cop of the heat pump is 50% of the maximum possible, what is the temperature of the
reservoir to which the heat pump rejects heat ? What is the rate of heat rejection from the
heat pump if the rate of heat supply to the engine is 50 kW?
(Apr/May 16)
2. 50 kg of water is at 313 K and enough ice at -5 C is mixed with water in an adiabatic
vessel such that at the end of the process all the ice melts and water at 0 C is obtained. Find
the mass of ice required and the entropy change of water and ice. Given CP of water = 4.2
kJ/kgK, CP of ice = 2.1
KJ/kgk and latent heat of ice= 335 kJ/kg.
(Apr/May 16)
3.

(i) What i s a reversed carnot heat e n g i n e ?

(ii)A heat pump working on a reversed carnot

cycle takes in energy from a

reservoir maintained
at
3C and
delivers .it to another reservoir where
temperature is 77C . The heat pump drives p o w e r for its operation from a
reversible heat engine operating within the higher and lower temperature limits
of 1077C and 77C. For 100 kJ/s of energy supplied to the reservoir at 77C,
estimate the energy taken from the reservoir at 1077C.
(Nov/Dec15)
3

4. A fluid undergoes a reversible adiabatic compression from 0.5 MPa, 0.2 m to

3
1.3
0.05m , according to the law PV =C. determine the change in enthalpy and entropy and
the heat transfer and work transfer during the process.
(Nov/Dec15)

5. (i) A reversible heat pump is used to maintain a temperature of 0 C in a refrigerator when it

rejects the heat to the surroundings at 25 C. if the heat removal rate from the
refrigerator is 1440kJ/min, determine the COP of the machine and the work input
required.
(ii) If the required input to run the pump is developed by a reversible engine which

receives heat at 380 C and rejects heat to the atmosphere and then determines the overall
COP of the system.
(May/Jun14)
3

1.3

6. 5 m of air at 2 bar, 27 C is compressed up to 6 bar pressure following PV =C. it is

subsequently expanded adiabatically to 2 bar. Considering the two processes to be
reversible determine the network, net heat transfer, and change in entropy. Also plot the
process on PV and TS diagram.
(May/Jun14)
7. (i) Two Carnot engines A and B are operated in series. The first one receives heat at

870 C and rejects to a reservoir at T. B receives heat rejected by the first engine and in
turn rejects to a sink 300 K. calculate the temperature T for

(i) Equal work output of both engines

(ii) Same efficiencies
(iii)Mention Clausius inequality for open, closed and isolated systems. (Nov/Dec 2013)

8. 3 Kg of air at 500 KPa, 90 C expands adiabatically in a closed system until its volume is
doubled and its temperature becomes equal to that of the surroundings at 100KPa and

10 C. calculate the maximum work, change in availability and irreversibility.

(ii) Briefly discuss about the concept of entropy.
(Nov/Dec 2013)

9. A reversible heat engine operates between two reservoirs a temperature of 600 C and

40 C. the engine drives a reversible refrigerator which operates between the reservoirs at

temperatures of 40 C and -20 C. the heat transfer to the heat engine is 2000 KJ and the
network output for the combined engine refrigerator is 30 KJ. Evaluate the heat transfer

to the refrigerant and the net heat transfer to the reservoir at 40 C. (May/June 2013)

10. (i) Helium enters an actual turbine at 300KPa and expands to 100 KPa, 150 C. Heat

transfer to atmosphere at 101.325KPa, 25 C amounts to 7KJ/Kg. Calculate the entering

stream availability, leaving stream availability and the maximum work. For helium,
Cp=5.2 KJ/Kg and molecular weight= 4.003Kg/Kg-mol.
(ii) List out and explain various caused of irreversibility.
(May/June 2013)
11. (i) In a Carnot cycle the maximum pressure and temperature
are limited to
18 bar and 410C. The volume ratio of isentropic compression is
6
and
isothermal expansion is 1.5. Assume the volume of the air at the beginning
of isothermal expansion as 0.18 m3. Show the cycle on p-V and T-s diagrams and
determine (1)
The pressure and temperature
at main points (2)
Thermal
efficiency of the cycle.
(ii) Define the reversible and irreversible process.
(Nov/Dec 2012)
12. (i) State and prove Clausius inequality.
(ii)A metal block with m 5 kg, c 0.4 kJ/kg.K at 40C is kept in a room at 20C. It
is cooled in the following two ways:
(1) Using a Carnot engine (executing integral number of cycles) with the room
itself as the cold reservoir;
(2) Naturally.
(Nov/Dec 2012)
13. A Carnot engine delivers 100 kW of power by operating between temperature reservoirs at
100degree C and 1000 degree C. Calculate the entropy change of each reservoir and the net
entropy change of the two reservoirs after 20 min of operation. (May/Jun 2012)
14. (i) 1200KJ of heat is supplied to an engine from a source of 20 C, the sink temperature is 2
C. Which of the following cycle represents reversible, irreversible or impossible cycle?
(1) 275 KJ heat is rejected to sink
(2) 825 KJ heat is rejected
(3) 350KJ heat is rejected.
(ii) Show that Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law implies a violation of the Clausius
statement.
(May/Jun 2012)
15. A heat pump working on the carnot cycle takes in heat from a reservoir at 5C and delivers
heat to a reservoir at 60C. the heat pump is driven by a reversible heat engine which takes
heat from reservoir at 840C and reject heat to a reservoir at 60C. the reversible heat
engine also drives a machine that absorbs 30KW. If heat pump extract 17KJ/Sec from the

reservoir at 5C(Nov/Dec 11)

3.PROPERTIES OF PURE UBSTANCE AND STEAM POWER CYCLE

PART A
1. State the phase rule for pure substance.
(May/June 16)
2. Mention the two working fluids used in binary vapour cycle.
(May/June 16)
3. What is normal boiling point?
(Nov/Dec 15)
4. When is reheat recommended in a steam power plant?
(Nov/Dec 15)
5. What is meant by 'dryness fraction of steam'?
(May/Jun 15)
6. Draw the standard Rankine cycle on P-v and T-s coordinates.(May/Jun15)
7. Difference between the flow and non-flow process.
(Nov/Dec 14)
8. Write the methods of improving Rankine cycle.
(Nov/Dec 14)
9. Draw the P-T diagram for water and label all salient points.
(May/June 14)
10. Give the possible ways to increase thermal efficiency of Rankine cycle. (May/June 14)
11. Sketch the Rankine Cycle T-s diagram and indicate the all process on it (Nov/Dec13)
12. Define a pure substance.
(Nov/Dec13)
13. Define triple point.
(May/June 13)
14. State dryness fraction.
(May/June 13)
15. Define degree of superheat.
(May/June 12)
16. Draw the P-T diagram for pure substances.
(May/June 12)
17. Difference between the flow and non-flow process.
(Nov/Dec 12)
18. Sketch the Rankine Cycle T-s diagram and indicate the all process on it. (May/June 11)
19. Superheated steam at 30 bar and 300C enters a turbine and expanded to 5 bar and
quality 0.974 dryness, compute the loss in availability for the adiabatic process if the
atmospheric temperature is 270 C.
(May/June 11)
20. Calculate the mass of 0.7 m3 of wet steam at 150C and 90% dry. (Nov/Dec 11)

PART B
1. A large insulated vessel is divided into two chambers, one containing 5. kg of dry saturated
steam at 0.2 MPa and the other 10 kg of steam, 0.8 quality at0.5 MPa. If the partition
between the chambers is removed and the Steam is mixed thoroughly and allowed to settle,
find the final pressure, steam quality and entropy change in the process. (May/June 16)
2. In a steam power plant the condition of steam at inlet to the steam turbine is 20 bar and 300
C and the condenser pressure is 0.1 bar. Two feed water heaters operate at optimum
temperatures. Determine: (1) The quality of steam at turbine exhaust, (2) network per kg of
steam, (3) cycle efficiency, (4) the steam rate. Neglect pump work. (May/June 16)
3. Steam at 90 bar and 480 C is supplied to a steam turbine. The steam is reheated to
its original temperature by passing the steam through reheater at 12 bar.
The expansion after reheating takes place to condenser pressure of 0.07 bar. Find
the efficiency of the reheat cycle and work output if the flow of steam is 5 kg/sec.
Neglect the pressure loss in the system and assume expansions through the turbine
are isentropic. Do not neglect pump work.
(Nov/Dec 15)
4. (i)Discuss the different zones of T-V diagram for water when the temperature rises
from - 20 C to 200 C at 1 atm pressure
(ii) A vessel of volume 0.04 m3 contains a mixture of saturated
water and
saturatedsteam at a temperature of 250C. The mass of the liquid present
is
9 kg. Find the pressure, mass, specific volume, enthalpy, entropy and the internal
energy. (Nov/Dec 15)

5. A vessel of volume 0.04 m contains a mixture of saturated water and saturated steam
at a temperature of 250C.
The mass of the liquid present is 9 kg. Find the
pressure, the mass, the specific volume, theenthalpy, and entropy, and the internal
energy of the mixture. (May/June 15)
6. A steam power plant operates on a simple ideal Rankine cycle between the pressure limits
of 3 MPa and 50 kPa. The temperature of the steam at the turbine inlet is 300 C and the
mass flow rate of steam through the cycle is 35 kg/s. Show the cycle on a T-s diagram with
respect to saturation lines and determine a) the thermal efficiency of the cycle and b) the
net power output of the power plant. (May/June 15)
7. Explain the steam formation with relevant sketch and label all salient points and explain

every point in detail. (Nov/Dec 14)

8. In a Rankine Cycle, the steam at inlet to the turbine is saturated at a pressure of 35 bar
and the exhaust pressure is 0.2 bar. Determine (Nov/Dec 14)
(i) The pump work
(4)
(ii) The turbine work
(4)
(iii)The condenser heat flow
(4)
(iv)The dryness at the end of expansion. Assume flow rate of 9.5kg/s.
(4)
3

9. A vessel having a capacity of 0.05m contains a mixture of saturated water and saturated

steam at a temperature of 245 C. the mass of the liquid present is 10 Kg. Calculate the
pressure, mass, specific volume, specific enthalpy, specific entropy, and specific internal
energy. (May/June 14)
10. A steam power plant operates on a theoretical reheat cycle. Steam at boiler at 150
bar, 550C expands through the high pressure turbine. It is reheated at a constant
pressure of 40 bar to 550C and expands through the low pressure
turbine
to a
condenser at 0.1 bar. Draw T-s and h-s diagrams. Find: (i)
Quality of steam at
turbine exhaust (ii)
Cycle efficiency (iii) Steam rate in kg/kWh. (May/June 14)

11. Steam at 480 C, 90 bar is supplied to a Rankine cycle. It is reheated to 12 bar and 480 C.
the minimum pressure is 0.07 bar. Calculate the work output and the cycle efficiency using
steam tables with and without considering the pump work.
(Nov/Dec 13)

12. (i)Steam initially at 0.3MPa, 250 C is cooled at constant volume. At what temperature

will the steam becomes saturated vapour? What is the steam quality at 80 C. also find

what is the heat transferred per kg of steam in cooling from 250 C to 80 C.

(ii)When will u call a vapour superheated? Give examples. Also when will you call a
liquid as compressed liquid? Give examples.
(Nov/Dec 13)

13. In an Rankine cycle uses steam at 20 bar, 360C which is expanded in a

steam turbine to 0.08 bar: Find the Rankine cycle efficiency. (May/June 13)
14. Steam enters the turbine at 3MPa and 400C and is condensed at 10KPa. Some
quality of steam leaves the turbine at 0.6MPa and enters open feed water heater.
Compute the fraction of the steam extracted per kg of steam and cycle thermal
efficiency. (Nov/Dec 12)

15. In a reheat cycle , the initial steam pressure and the maximum temperature are 150
bar and 550 degrees celcius respectively . if the condenser pressure is 0.1 bar and
the moisture at the condenser inlet is 15% , and assuming ideal processes ,
detrmine(a) the reheat pressure, (b) the cycle eeficiency, and (c) the steam rate
(May/June 12)
4.IDEAL AND REAL GASES, THERMODYNAMIC RELATIONS
PART-A
1. What are reduced properties? Give their significance?
(May/Jun16)
2. What is the importance of Joule-Thomson coefficient ?
(May/Jun16)
3. Why do the specific heats of an ideal gas depend only on the atomic
structure of the gas?
(Nov/Dec15)
4. Define volume expansivity.
(Nov/Dec15)
5. What is Joule-Thomson coefficient? Why is it zero for an ideal gas? (May/Jun15)
6. What is the law of corresponding states?
(May/Jun15)
7. What are the properties of ideal gas?
(Nov/Dec14)
8. State the Vander Waals equation of state.
(Nov/Dec14)
9. Give are the assumptions made to derive ideal gas equation analytically using the kinetic
theory of gases.
(May/Jun14)

10. Using Clausius-Clapeyron equation, estimate the enthalpy of vaporization at 200 C.

3
3
Vg=0.1274 m /Kg; Vf= 0.01157 m /Kg; dp/dt= 32KPa/K.
(May/Jun14)
11. State Avagrados law.
(Nov/Dec13)
12. Give the significance of compressibility factor.
(Nov/Dec13)
13. What is a real gas? Give example.
(May/Jun13)
14. Prove that the partial pressure of a gas mixture is the product of its mole fraction and total
pressure of the mixture.
(May/Jun13)
15. Define Joule Thomson Coefficient.
(Nov/Dec12)

16. Find the mass of 0.7 m3 of wet steam at 150 C and 90% dry.
(Nov/Dec12)
17. What is meant by equation of state? Write the same for an ideal gas. (May/Jun12)
18. In what way the Clausius Clapeyron equation is useful?
(May/Jun12)
19. State Daltons law of Partial pressure.
(Nov/Dec 11)
20. Define isothermal Compressibility.
(Nov/Dec 11)
PART B

1. A vessel of volume 0.28 m3 contains 10 kg of air at 320 K. Determine the pressure

exerted by the air using a) perfect gas equation b) Vander walls equation c)
Generalized compressibility chart.(Take critical temperature of air as 132.8 K and
critical pressure of air as 37.71). And also draw a neat schematic of a
compressibility chart and indicate its salient features.
(May/June 16)
2. What is meant by phase change process ? Derive Clausius - Clapeyron equation for a
phase change process. Give the significance of this equation.
(May/June 16)
3. A mass of 0.25 Kg of an ideal gas has a pressure of 300 KPa, a temperature of
80C and the volume of 0.07 m3. The gas undergoes an adiabatic process to a final
pressure of 300 kPa and final volume of 0.10 m3, during which the work done
on the gas is 25 KJ. Evaluate Cp and Cv of the gas the increase in entropy of the
gas.
(Nov/Dec 15)
4. The gas neon has a molecular weight of 20.183 and its critical temperature pressure

and volume are 44.5 K, 2.73 MPa and 0.0416m3/Kg mol. Reading from a
compressibility chart for a reduced pressure of 1.3, the compressibility factor Z is
0.7. What are the corresponding specific volume, pressure, temperature and reduced
volume?
(Nov/Dec 15)
5. Derive any three Maxwell relations.

(May/June 15)
3

6. Determine the pressure of nitrogen gas at T=175 K and v = 0.00375m /Kg on the basis of
a. The ideal gas equation of state.
b. The van der Walls equation of state.
c. The van der Walls constant for nitrogen are=0.175m6-KPa/Kg; b=0.00138m3/Kg
(May/June 15)

7. Explain the irreversibility with respect to flow and non-flow process. Explain the
effectiveness of the system. State the main reason for Real gas behavior. (Nov/Dec
14)
8. The pressure and temperature of mixture of 4 kg of O2 and 6 kg of N2 and 4 bar and
27Crespectively. For the mixture determine the following;
a) The mole fraction of each component
b) The average molecular weight
c) The specific gas constant
d) The volume and density
e) The partial pressure and partial volume.
(May/Jun14)
9.

(i) Derive the Clausius Clapeyron equation and discuss its significance.
(ii) Write down two Tds relation.

10.

(Nov/Dec 13)

Draw a neat Schematic of a Compressibility chart and indicate .

(Nov/Dec 13)

11.

(i) Derive Clausius Clapeyron equation. What are the assumptions made in this equation?
3
(ii) Consider an ideal gas at 303 K and 0.86m /Kg. As a result of some disturbance the
3
state of gas changes to 304 K and 0.87m /Kg. Estimate the change in pressure of the gas
as the result of this disturbance.
(May/Jun 13)

12.

From the basic principles, prove the following Cp-Cv = -T

validity of Maxwells relation

and verify the

for steam at 300 C and 500 KPa. (May/Jun13)

13.(i)An insulated rigid tank is divided into two compartments by a partition, One compartment
contains 7 kg of oxygen gas at 40C and 100 kPa, and the other compartment contains 4 kg of
nitrogen gas at 20C and 150 kPa. Now the partition is removed, and the two gases are allowed to
mix. Determine (a) the mixture temperature and (b) the mixture pressure after equilibrium has been
established.
(ii) Explain the physical significance of the compressibility factor Z.
(Nov/Dec 12)
14. Derive the Joule Thomson co-efficient.
15. Explain and derive Clausius Clapeyron equation.

(Nov/Dec 12)
(May/June 12)

5.GAS MIXTURES AND PSYCHROMETRY

PART A
1. State Dalton's law of partial pressure. On what assumptions this law is based? (May/Jun 16)
2. What is adiabatic mixing and write the equation for that?
(May/Jun 16)
3. Define d e w point temperature.
(Nov/Dec15)
4. What i s chemical dehumidification?
(Nov/Dec15)
(May/Jun 15)
5. What is Amagat's law?
What
is
sensible
heating?
(May/Jun 15)
6.
7. Define molar mass.
(Nov/Dec14)
8. Define Sensible heat factor.
(Nov/Dec14)
(May/Jun 14)
9. Define: Adiabatic saturation temperature.
10. What is by-pass factor?
(May/Jun 14)
11. Define Degree of saturation.
(Nov/Dec13)
12. Why do wet clothes dry in the sun faster?
(Nov/Dec13)
13. Name any two adsorbents used in chemical dehumidification. (May/Jun13)
14. What is adiabatic evaporative cooling?
(Nov/Dec12)
15. What is the relative humidity of air if the DPT and DBT are 25C and 300C at
1atmospheric pressure?
(Nov/Dec12)
16. Differentiate between relative and specific humidity.
(May/Jun 12)
17. Define psychrometry.
(Nov/Dec11)
18. State the effects of very high and a very low bypass factor.
(Nov/Dec11)
19. What is need of sling psychrometer?
(May/Jun11)
20. What are the assumptions made while mixing two air streams?
(May/Jun11)
PART B
1. A rigid tank of5 m3 contains gas mixture comprising 3 kg of0 2, 4 kg of N2 and 5 kg of C02 at 290
K. Calculate the molar specific volume, initial pressure of the gas. If it is heated to 350 K, calculate
the heat transfer and change in enthalpy. Also verify the Gibbs theorem for entropy. (May/Jun 16)
2. A room 7m*4m*4m is occupied by an air-water vapour mixture at 38 C. The atmospheric
pressure is 1 bar and the relative humidity is 70%. Determine the humidity ratio, dew point, mass
of dry air and mass of water vapour. If the mixture of air-water vapour is further cooled at constant
pressure until the temperature is 10C. Find the amount of water vapour condensed. (May/Jun 16)

3. (i) The sling psychrometer reads 40 C DBT and 28 C WBT, Calculate specific humidity,
relative humidity, vapour density in air, dew point temperature and enthalpy of the mixture
per kg of dry air, assume atmospheric pressure to be 1.03 bar.
(ii)What is wet bulb depression and where it is equal to zero?
(Nov/Dec 15)

4. (i) Explain adiabatic evaporative cooling.

(Nov/Dec 15)

(ii) Air at 20 C, 40% relative humidity is mixed adiabatically with air at 40 C, 40%
relative humidity in the ratio of 1 Kg of the former with 2 Kg of the latter (on dry basis).
Find the condition of air.

5. A gas mixture consists of 7 Kg of nitrogen and 3 kg of oxygen at 4 bar and 27 C.

calculate the mole fraction, partial pressures, molar mass, gas constant, volume and density.
(May/Jun 15)
6. Atmospheric air at 1.01325 bar has a DBT of 30C and WBT of 25C. Compute
i. The partial pressure of the water vapour ii. Specific humidity iii. Dew point temperature
iv. Relative humidity v. Degree of saturation vi. Density of air in the mixture

vii. Density of vapour in the mixture viii. Enthalpy of the mixture (use thermodynamics table
only).
(May/Jun 15)
7. A mixture of hydrogen and oxygen is to be made so that the ratio of H2 and O2 is 2:1 by

volume. If the pressure and temperature of 1 bar and 25 C respectively, calculate

(i) The mass of O2 required.
(ii) The volume of the container.
(Nov/Dec 14)
8. 120 m3 of air per minute at 35C DBT and 50% relative humidity is cooled to 20C DBT
by passing through cooling coil. Determine the following
(Nov/Dec 14)
(i) Relative humidity of out coming air and its WBT.
(ii) Capacity of cooling coils in tones of refrigeration.
(iii)Amount of water vapour removed per hour.

9. (i) An air water vapour mixture enters an air conditioning unit at pressure of 1.0 bar 38 C
DBT, and a relative humidity of 75%. The mass of dry air entering is 1Kg/s. The air-vapour

mixture leaves the air conditioning unit at 1 bar, 18 C, 85% relative humidity. The moisture

condensed leaves at 18 C. (ii) Determine the heat transfer rate for the process. (May/June 14)
10. It is required to design an air conditioning system for an industrial process for the
following hot and wet summer conditions

Outdoor conditions
: 32 C DBT and 65

Required air inlet conditions : 25 C DBT and 60% RH

3
Amount of free air circulated : 20 m /min

Coil dew temperature

: 13 C
The required conditions are achieved by first cooling and dehumidifying and then by heating.
Calculate the following (by psychometric chart)
(i) The cooling capacity of the cooling coil and its bypass factor.
(ii) Heating capacity of the heating coil in kW and surface temperature of the heating coil if the
bypass factor is 0.3
(iii)The mass of the water vapour removed per hour.
(May/June 14)
11. (i) Explain adiabatic evaporative cooling.

(ii) Air at 20 C, 40% relative humidity is mixed adiabatically with air at 40 C, 40%
relative humidity in the ratio of 1 Kg of the former with 2 Kg of the latter (on dry basis).
Find the condition of air.
(Nov/Dec 13)
12. Define the terms of Relative humidity and Specific humidity and also explain the adiabatic
saturation process with a schematic.
(Nov/Dec 13)
13. (i) Derive the sensible heat factor for cooling and dehumidification process. Also explain the
process.

(ii) One kg of air at 40 C DBT and 50% RH is mixed with 2 Kg of air at 20 C DBT and 20 C
dew point temperature. Calculate the temperature and specific humidity of the mixture.
(May/Jun 13)
14. (i) Prove that specific humidity of air is =0.622
13)
(ii) With the aid of model psychrometric chart explain the following process
(i) Adiabatic mixing

(May/Jun

(ii) Evaporative cooling

15. Atmospheric air at 1.0132bar at 20oC DBT and 65% RH. Find the humidity ratio, wet bulb
temperature, dew point temperature, degrees of saturation, enthalpy of the mixture and density of
air and density of water vapour in the mixture.
(Nov/Dec 12)