07.

03 pH: Lab Report

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Procedure:
Part I: Titration with an Indicator
1. Fill the 50-milliliter buret with a 0.25 molar NaOH solution.
2. Record volume.
3. Measure out between 20 milliliters and 40 milliliters of the unknown HCl solution.
4. Record volume.
5. The amount of unknown HCl is then added to the 100-milliliter Erlenmeyer flask.
6. Add two drops of the indicator, phenolphthalein, to the acid in the flask.
7. Using the slider on the right hand side, add NaOH to the HCl in the Erlenmeyer flask (This
action is known as titrate). Add the indicator until the color of the indicator turns a light
shade of pink.
8. Record the volume.
9. If you went too far past the end point, please record the results of your trial. Include all sets of
data in your lab report.

Part II: Titration with a pH Meter

1. Fill the 50-milliliter buret with a 0.25 molar NaOH solution.
2. Record volume.

3. Measure out between 20 milliliters and 40 milliliters of the unknown HCl solution. This
amount must be different than the amount used in part I.
4. Record volume.
5. The amount of unknown HCl is then added to the 100-milliliter Erlenmeyer flask.
6. Insert the pH meter into the Erlenmeyer flask and record the initial pH of the acid. Remember
to record the pH of the solution after every 5 milliliters of NaOH added.
7. Titrate the NaOH into the HCl until the buret is empty.

Data and Observations:

Part I: Titration with an Indicator
What Was Measured

Measurement

Volume of HCl used

20.0 mL

Initial Volume of NaOH in buret

50.0 mL

Final Volume of NaOH in buret

34.0 mL

The color in the flask changed from colorless to a light pink that remained constant even after
several seconds of stirring

Part II: Titration with a pH Meter

What was measured

Measurement

Volume of HCl used

30.0 mL

Initial volume of NaOH in buret

50.0 mL

Initial volume of NaOH in buret when end

26.0 mL

point was reached

Initial pH of HCl

0.70

pH after 5 mL NaOH added

0.87

pH after 10 mL (total) NaOH added

1.06

pH after 15 mL NaOH added

1.30

pH after 20 mL NaOH added

1.70

Volume at which pH = 7.0

24.0 mL NaOH added to the flask (26.0 mL

left in buret
pH after 25 mL NaOH added

11.65

pH after 30 mL NaOH added

12.40

pH after 35 mL NaOH added

12.63

pH after 40 mL NaOH added

12.76

pH after 45 mL NaOH added

12.85

pH after 50 mL NaOH added

12.91

07.03 pH Lab Graph

14
11.65

12

12.8512.91
12.4 12.6312.76

10
8

pH Measurement

6
4
2

1.3
0.87 1.06

1.7

10

20

0
0

30

40

50

60

Volume of NaOH

Calculations:
Complete the following calculations for each part of the lab, showing your work neatly, labeling each
calculation with a subtitle, and giving a brief written explanation of each calculation.
1. 34.0 mL - 50.0 mL =16.0 mL. 16 mL is the volume of sodium hydroxide
2. 1 m*16mL/38.08mL = 0.420 m

Conclusion:

1. NaOH is the base and HCI is the acid. As the amount of base increases, the reaction becomes
less acidic. This explains the trend on the graph. It is considered neutral. The pH level is 7. The more
NaOH that is added, the result shows that there are more drastic increases (because this means it is
becoming more basic)
2. It is important for someone to stir the solution in the flask because it increases the rate of the
reaction. It also helps make sure that the reaction is finished before we make any conclusions.
3. If a student did not remove all of the bubbles from inside the buret before reading the initial volume
and beginning the titration would be higher than the actual concentration. The student would have
overestimated the volume of the base because of the bubbles. When the student calculates molarity,
it would also be higher than it actually is.
4. Adding too much base or acid. This would affect the volume by increasing the volume and
decreasing the molarity. The equipment being used is not pure. This could have a decrease a
molarity, because there could be impurities in that solution. This could affect calculations and the
titration itself. A mathematical mistake. If someone records observations or follows the equation
incorrectly could be strongly impacted on the calculations.