INTRODUCTION

India is on the verge of becoming an emerging power nation among developing

economies. The availability of electricity is directly linked to the Gross Domestic Product
(GDP) growth of developing economies, India being no exception. Growth of the Indian
electrical industry and its investment appeal primarily depends on government policies.
Timely capacity additions to electricity generation, transmission & distribution (T&D) are
necessary to improve and sustain GDP growth and reduce the electricity demandsupply gap.
Transformer Industry in India
The Indian transformer industry is more than five decades old, hence mature. Domestic
manufacturers have developed capabilities to manufacture all types of equipment to
meet the countrys demand for transformers up to 800 Kilovolts (kV) and going up to
1,200 kV. The industry enjoys a good reputation in terms of quality, price, and delivery in
the domestic as well as overseas markets.
Indias transformer market is predominantly unorganized with many small participants
catering to the smaller distribution transformer markets. However, many are slowly
graduating to the medium-sized category, thus expanding the organized participants
base.
There are approximately 300+ transformer companies in India, with an overall installed
capacity of over 370,000 Megavolt Amperes, (MVA) per annum. The market is
fragmented with 20 organized players including Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited
(BHEL), ABB Ltd, Crompton Greaves Ltd (CGL), Areva T&D, EMCO Ltd, Bharat Bijlee
Ltd (BBL), Vijai Electricals, Transformers and Rectifiers India Limited (TRIL), Voltamp
Transformers Ltd, among others.
In the power transformers category, companies in the high-end segment (400 kV and
above) mainly include international players such as ABB Ltd, Alstom T&D (erstwhile
Areva T&D India), and Siemens; and Indian manufacturers such as BHEL, CGL, TRIL,
and Toshiba Transmission & Distribution Systems India (Entity formed by acquisition of
Vijai Electricals by Toshiba Corporation, Japan). Majority of other companies in this
sector are present in the 220 kV segment in power and distribution transformers.
Leading players have significant presence in both power and distribution transformer
market.
Apart from catering to domestic demand, India exports transformers to over 100 nations
including the US, Europe, Malaysia, Singapore, Bangladesh, African countries, and Gulf
countries. India is also an importer of transformers; the major source countries include
China, Germany, USA, Korea,
and Japan.

India Power and Distribution Transformers Market Forecast and Opportunities,

2020
It has analyzed the potential of power & distribution transformers market in India and
provides statistics and information on market size, industry behavior and trends. The
report includes market projections and demand forecasting. The report will suffice in
providing the intending clients with cutting-edge market intelligence and help them in
taking sound investment decisions. Besides, the report also identifies and analyzes the
emerging trends along with essential drivers and key challenges faced by the power &
distribution transformer market in India

Indian Transformer Market Size

The Transformer market in India can be pegged at more than INR 12,000 Crores.
Power Transformers contribute 45 percent of the total market and distribution
transformers, 55 percent. Over the last two years, the market has grown at a very
moderate rate at less than 4 percent, due to the slowdown of power generation capacity
addition and T&D infrastructure expansion.
Anticipating the huge domestic (due to a power deficit scenario, requirement of power
sector expansion) and overseas demand, the transformer industry in India has more
than doubled its manufacturing capacity over the last five years. Transformer
manufacturing capacity in India stands at ~370 GVA with capacity utilization rates
hovering around 60-70 percent on an average over the last 5 years. Transformer overcapacity in the Indian market has led to immense pricing pressure scenario severely
impacting the profitability of the market players.

Market Drivers
Power Generation Capacity augmentation and Power T&D infrastructure expansion to
be in-line with Power generation capacity addition. According to the 12th plan, INR
1200K-1300K Crores likely to be invested in the power sector. This spending on the
power sector is expected to be equally distributed between generation and T&D.
Spending on Power T&D infrastructure is expected to boost demand for transformers

Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojna (RGGVY) scheme to improve rural

electricity infrastructure and rural household electrification. The electrification
drive is expected to provide impetus to demand for distribution transformers

Increasing focus on Rural Electrification Accelerated Power Development and

Reform Program (APDRP 1-2) in order to minimize Aggregate Technical and

Commercial (AT&C) losses at the distribution level and improve the financial
health of the State Electricity Boards (SEBs)

Industrial sector growth

Replacement of ageing equipment

These reforms are expected to significantly affect demand for transformers over
the next 4 to 5 years.

TRANSSFORMER PARTS AND ASSESORIES

PROCESS

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

FABRICATION OF TANKS
CORE Assembly
Coil winding
Core coil assembly
Tank-up
Transformer tank paint and finishing

Fabrication of tanks
Transformer tanks are fabricated in this department. Fabrication include cutting
of sheets, straightening, bending, welding of sheets and parts of tank .It has three sub
shop
1.Sheet cutting
2.Machine shop
3.Welding shop
Machine shop has following machine
CNC Hypertherm automation
Machine
it is used for cutting metal based on design automatically .Gas used methane hydrogen
operating plasma system completes an electric circuit between the torch and the work
piece. Specification microprocessor control system Model FINCUT DPRail length
10000mmRail garage 3500mmInput voltage 220v ac Total power 5000VA
ii) Solid Bushing (through stem type)
Through stem protruding out of porcelain on either side is provided with nuts and
washers to take windings lead on one side and supply cable on the other side. Bushing
is completely sealedon one end for oil tightness. b) Outdoor through stem type porcelain
bushings.c) Cable box type porcelain bushings.d) Cable box type epoxy bushings.
COOLING OF TRANSFORMER
.Cooling of the transformer is the most important for itsdurability.As the rating increases
better cooling techniquesare needed. Simple air cooling of the transformers isadopted in
dry type transformers. The limit for this isreached by the time the rating is a few
kVA.This method of cooling is termed as AN(Air Natural). Air Blast(AB) methodimproves
on the above by directing the blast of air at thecore and windings. ON (Oil Natural)
This method permits theincrease in the surface available for the cooling further bythe
use of ducts, radiators etc.OB(Oil Blast) method is animprovement over the ON-type
.and it directs a blast of airon the cooling surface. In the above two cases the flow of
oilis by natural convective forces. OFN (Oil Forced Natural)inthis a forced blast of oil is
employed.When there is blast of air,the cooling method become OFB(Oil Forced Blast).

Aforced circulation of oil through a radiator is done with ablast of air over the radiator
surface. Next comes OFWwhich is similar to OFB except that instead of blast of air
aforced circulation of cool water in the radiator is used in this.
Cooling System Capacity Cooling equipment
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Self-cooling type(ONAN) 30,000kVA or below Panel-type radiatorsForced-aircooledtype (ONAF) 30,000kVA~150.000kVA Panel-type radiatorsand cooling
fansForced-oil, forced-aircooledtype (OFAF) 150,000kVA or more Unit cooler or paneltyperadiator, andInstallation of cooling fans and pumps
PROPERTIES OF TRANSFORMER OIL
Even though the basic functions of the oil used intransformers are a) heat conduction
and b) electricalinsulation, there are many other properties which make aparticular oil
eminently suitable. Organic oils of vegetative oranimal origin are good insulators but
tend to decomposegiving rise to acidic by-products which attack the paper orcloth
insulation around the conductors.Mineral oils are suitable from the point of
electricalproperties but tend to form sludge.The properties that arerequired to be looked
into before selecting an oil fortransformer application are as
follows:Insultingproperty.Viscosity PuritySludge formation.Flash point And Fire point
Flash point of anoil is the temperature at which the oil ignites spontaneously. This must
be as high as possible (not less than 160

C fromthe point of safety). Fire point is the temperature at whichthe oil flashes and
continuously burns. This must be veryhigh for the chosen oil (not less than 200

.
PAINTING AND FITTINGS
:
The entire procedure of painting is done under two stages:
1.
Cleaning of tanks The cleaning of tank is done normally by chipping/grinding. The
outside surface of the tank is short blasted to achieve avery fine and smooth finish.
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2.
Painting of tanksAfter cleaning the tanks, a coat of hot oil resistence paint isapplied on
the internal surface of the tank. The outside surface is painted with a coat of Red
Oxideprimer and subsequently with one coat of enamel paint as per customer's
requirement.Fittings and accessories as per customer's specification anddrawing are
checked. Air Pressure test is subjected to avoidany leakage and seepage on all
transformer.Transformersare filled with oil upto the minimum level marking, wherever