7

Algebraic Models

How Do We Approximate
Reality?

Copyright 2014, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

Section 7.6,
1.1, Slide 1

7.6 Systems of Linear

Equations and Inequalities
Represent a system of linear
equations graphically.
Use systems of linear equations
as models.

Copyright 2014, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

Section 7.6, Slide 2

Systems of Linear Equations

A solution of a pair of linear equations is an ordered
pair of numbers that satisfies both equations.
The ordered pair (5, 3) is a solution of the linear
equations below.

Copyright 2014, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

Section 7.6, Slide 3

Systems of Linear Equations

Although (7, 2) makes the first equation true in the
system
(2)(7) + (4)(2) = 22
it does not make the second equation true.
7 (6)(2) -13
Therefore, it is not a solution for the system.

Copyright 2014, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

Section 7.6, Slide 4

Is the Ordered Pair a Solution?

Determine which of the ordered pairs is a
solution to the following system of linear
equations.
2x y = 6
2x + y = 14
a. (0, 6)
7.1
-5

b. (5, 4)

c. (3, 8)

Copyright 2014, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

Section 7.6, Slide 5

Is the Ordered Pair a Solution?

2x y = 6
2x + y = 14

Solution: Check (0, 6)

2x y = 6
2(0) (6) = 6

2x + y = 14
2(0) + (6) = 14

6=6
True

6 = 14
False

(0,6) does not satisfy both equations,

it is not a solution to the system.
7.1
-6

Copyright 2014, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

Section 7.6, Slide 6

Is the Ordered Pair a Solution?

Solution
Check (5, 4)

2x y = 6
2x + y = 14

2x y = 6
2(5) 4 = 6

2x + y = 14
2(5) + 4 = 14

6=6
True

14 = 14
True

(5, 4) satisfies both equations, it is a solution

to the system.
7.1
-7

Copyright 2014, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

Section 7.6, Slide 7

Is the Ordered Pair a Solution?

Solution
Check (3, 8)

2x y = 6
2(3) 8 = 6

2x y = 6
2x + y = 14

2x + y = 14
2(3) + 8 = 14

2 = 6
False

14 = 14
True

(3, 8) does not satisfy both equations, it is not

a solution to the system.
7.1
-8

Copyright 2014, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

Section 7.6, Slide 8

Systems of Linear Equations

Graphing a system of two linear equations in two
unknowns gives one of three possible situations:
Case 1: Lines intersecting in a
single point. The ordered pair
that represents this point is the
unique solution for the system.

Copyright 2014, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

Section 7.6, Slide 9

Systems of Linear Equations

Case 2: Lines that are distinct parallel

lines and therefore dont intersect at
all. Because the lines have no common
points, this means that the system has
no solutions.

Copyright 2014, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

Section 7.6, Slide 10

Systems of Linear Equations

Case 3: Two lines that are the

same line. The lines have an infinite
number of points in common, so
the system will have an infinite
number of solutions.

Copyright 2014, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

Section 7.6, Slide 11

A System with One Solution

Determine the solution to the following
system of equations graphically.

x+y =4
2x y = 1

7.1
-12

Copyright 2014, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

Section 7.6, Slide 12

A System with One Solution

7.1
-13

x+y =4
2x y = 1

Solution

Ordered pairs that satisfy x + y = 4 are:

(0, 4), (4, 0)

Ordered pairs that satisfy 2x y = 1 are:

(0, 1), (1, 3)

Copyright 2014, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

Section 7.6, Slide 13

A System with One Solution

7.1
-14

Solution

Copyright 2014, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

Section 7.6, Slide 14

A System with One Solution

x+y =4
2x y = 1

The graphs intersect at (1, 3), which is the

solution to the system of equations. This
point is the only point that satisfies both
equations. (Be sure to CHECK.)
x+y =4
2x y = 1
1+3 = 4
2(1) 3 = 1
1 = 1 True
4 = 4 True
7.1
-15

Copyright 2014, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

Section 7.6, Slide 15

A System with No Solution

Determine the solution to the following
system of equations graphically.

x+y =3
2x + 2y = 4

7.1
-17

Copyright 2014, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

Section 7.6, Slide 17

A System with No Solution

Solution

x+y =3
2x + 2y = 4

7.1
-18

Ordered pairs that satisfy x + y = 3 are:

(0, 3), (3, 0)
Ordered pairs that satisfy 2x + 2y =4 are:
(2, 0), (0, 2)
Graph both lines on the same axes

Copyright 2014, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

Section 7.6, Slide 18

A System with No Solution

7.1
-19

Solution

Copyright 2014, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

Section 7.6, Slide 19

A System with No Solution

7.1
-20

x+y =3
2x + 2y = 4

Solution

Since the two lines are parallel, they do

not intersect; therefore, the system has no
solution.

Copyright 2014, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

Section 7.6, Slide 20

Modeling with Systems of Equations

Example: A company manufactures end tables
and coffee tables. An end table requires 6 board
feet and a coffee table requires 8 board feet. It
takes 2 hours of labor to make an end table and
4 hours of labor to make a coffee table. The
company has 1,200 board feet of wood available
and also 480 hours of labor. Describe the
conditions on wood and labor as a system of two
linear equations in two unknowns. Solve this
system and interpret your answer. (continued on next slide)
Copyright 2014, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

Section 7.6, Slide 21

Modeling with Systems of Equations

Solution: The information is summarized in a
resource table.

We will represent the number of end tables by e and

the number of coffee tables by c. We can write the
following system.
(continued on next slide)
Copyright 2014, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

Section 7.6, Slide 22

Modeling with Systems of Equations

Solution: Find points on each line.

For equation 1, if e = 0, then 8c = 1200, so c = 150.

c = 0, then 6e = 1200, so e = 200.
For equation 2, if e = 0, then 4c = 480, so c = 120.
c = 0, then 2e = 480, so e = 240.

Copyright 2014, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

Section 7.6, Slide 23

Modeling with Systems of Equations

(150, 0) and (0, 200)
(120, 0) and (0, 240)
300
250
200
150
Equ 2
Equ 1

100
50

-50

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150

-100
Copyright 2014, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

Section 7.6, Slide 24

Modeling with Systems of Equations

The lines seem to cross at about (60,
120), that is c = 60 and e = 120.
Verify the solution algebraically:
6 120 + 8 60 = 1200 is true
2 120 + 4 60 = 480 is true
Copyright 2014, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

Section 7.6, Slide 25

MyMathLab Trick
Change coordinates of point
Graph points (or line) anywhere
Select a point to change its position
Click Edit coordinates and type new
coordinates to move point

Do not enter rounded off numbers on a graph

or otherwise. Rounded off numbers are
approximate and are therefore INCORRECT
unless you are instructed to round.
Copyright 2014, 2010, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.

Section 7.6, Slide 26