EUGENIDES FOUNDATION

GOLD MEDAL AWARD

OF THE ATHENS ACADEMY

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE IBSBI 2011

Proceedings of the

HELLENIC SOCIETY OF
BRIDGES STUDY

HELLENIC SOCIETY FOR

EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING

Proceedings of the

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE IBSBI 2011

Innovations on Bridges and Soil-Bridge Interaction
October 13-15, 2011
Athens, Greece
Editors
George T. Michaltsos
George Gazetas

EUGENIDES FOUNDATION

ISBN 978-960-337-106-9

GOLD MEDAL AWARD

OF THE ATHENS ACADEMY

ATHENS 2011

Proceeding of the
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE
IBSBI 2011

HELLENIC SOCIETY FOR

EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING

HELLENIC SOCIETY OF
BRIDGES STUDY

Proceeding of the

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE IBSBI 2011

Innovations on Bridges and Soil-Bridge Interaction

October 13-15, 2011
Athens, Greece
Editors
George T. Michaltsos
George Gazetas

EUGENIDES FOUNDATION
GOLD MEDAL AWARD
OF THE ATHENS ACADEMY

AThENS 2011

FOREWORD
The First International Conference on Innovations on Bridges and SoilBridge Interaction (IBSBI 2011) was held 13-15 October 2011 in Athens, Greece.
IBSBI 2011 conference aims to bring together engineers and researchers with
interests in the area of Bridge Design and Construction and in Soil-Bridge Interaction in order to promote the exchange of ideas and experiences among participants for consolidation of recent developments in this important area.
IBSBI 2011 Conference covers a board spectrum of topics related to Bridge
Design and Construction and Soil-Bridge interaction, 72 quality papers including
8 keynote lectures have been selected from more than 160 submitted abstracts
and presented in 14 technical sessions by experts from many countries around the
world during the three day Conference.
The Hellenic Society of Bridges Study (HSBS) and the Hellenic Society for
Earthquake Engineering (HSEE) who organized this International Conference
are two non-profit scientific associations with members from all around Greece,
while their purpose is the promotion of the theoretical and applied research on the
design and construction of Bridge Structures and Soil-Bridge Interaction.
We have the ambition to consecrate this International Conference as a permanent institution, which will take place every three years.
The financial support provided by the Eugenides Foundation is gratefully
acknowledged, especially in this difficult economic period for Greece.
We would like also to acknowledge the companies TITAN SA and VINCI
CONCESSIONS SA for their kind sponsoring.
Finally, we would like to extend our appreciation to the members of the Local
Organizing Committee, and the International Scientific Committee for their time
and also the Conference Secretariat for their hard work in preparing the Conference.
Athens September 2011
George T. Michaltsos
George Gazetas

MAIN SPONSOR

MAIN SPONSOR

SPONSORS
SPONSORS

SPONSORS

SPONSORS

IBSBI 2011
Innovations on Bridges and Soil-Bridge Interaction
Proceedings of the Conference
Published by Eugenides Foundation
Copyright 2011 Eugenides Foundation
ISBN 978-960-337-106-9

Cover photos:
The Rion-Antirion Bridge Charilaos Trikoupis.
The old stone bridge at Vlychos, Hydra Island, Greece.

ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
Bazeos Nikitas
Gazetas George
Kolias Vassilios
Konstantakopoulos Theodore
Michaltsos George
Pitilakis Kyriazis
Raftoyiannis Ioannis
Sigalas Ioannis
Voudiklaris Theodore
HONORARY COMMITTEE
Hajdin Nikola
Kounadis Anthony
Simopoulos Simos
KEYNOTE SPEAKERS
Bruno Domenico
Calvi Michele
Constantinou Michael
Hajdin Nikola
Kawashima Kazuhiko
Papanikolas Panagiotis
Pecker Alain
Saiidi Saiid M.

SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE
Michaltsos George, Chairman
Gazetas George, Co-Chairman
Avraam Tassos
Baniotopoulos Charalampos
Bazeos Nikitas
Beskos Dimitrios
Bousias Efstathios
Bruno Domenico
Calvi Michele
Constantinou Michael
Hajdin Nikola
Kappos Andreas
Kawashima Kazuhiko
Kotsovos Michalis
Liolios Asterios
Makris Nikolaos
Malakatas Nikolaos
Marinos Pavlos
Panagiotakos Telemachos
Papanikolas Panagiotis
Priestley Nigel
Pecker Alain
Raftoyiannis Ioannis
Sophianopoulos Dimitrios
Spiliopoulos Konstantinos
Stavridis Leonidas
Tsiknias Tilemachos
Tsopelas Panagiotis

cOntEnts
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
Keynote lectures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Structural modelling in long span cable stayed bridges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
D. Bruno

Conceptual seismic design of cable-stayed bridges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

G.M. Calvi, T.J. Sullivan, A. Villani

Unified LRFD-based procedures for analysis and design of bridge bearings

and seismic isolators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
M.C. Constantinou

On Belgrade bridges over the Sava river . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

N. Hajdin

Effectiveness of polypropylene fiber reinforced cement composites for

enhancing the seismic performance of bridge columns. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
K. Kawashima, R. Zafra, T. Sasaki, K. Kajiwara, M. Nakayama

Wind Induced cable vibration of Rion Antirion bridge Charilaos Trikoupis . . . . . . . 75

P. Papanikolas, A. Stathopoulos-Vlamis, A. Panagis, G. Grillaud, O. Flamand

Influence of non linear soil structure interaction on the seismic demand in bridges. . . 91
A. Pecker

Innovative earthquake-resistant bridges repair, connections, and materials . . . . . . . . 107

M. Saiid Saiidi, A. Vosooghi, A. Zaghi, S. Motaref, C. Cruz
tOPIc 1
Complete similarities in the response of seismic isolated bridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

N. Makris, M. F. Vassiliou

Segmentation of Piers and Abutments into Vertical Layers with expanded

polystyrene insertions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
.
S.D. Tegou, I.A. Tegos, T.N. Salonikios

Seismic desing of circular section piers under axial load and biaxial bending
belonging to low ductility bridges Analytical and Experimental Investigation
of Bending Resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
I.A. Tegos, N.C. Giannakas T.A. Chrysanidis

A proposal for cost-effective design of precast i-beam bridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

S.D. Tegou, I.A. Tegos

Effects of the soil-structure-interaction on the regular seismic behaviour

of bridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
M. Petronijevi, D. Ladjinovi, A. Raeta

viii
Use of bridge approach embankments as seismic restrainers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
I. Tegos, S. Tegou, A. Spanou, T. Salonikios

Excitation of higher modes of long bridges due to spatial variability

of earthquake ground motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
S.P. Papadopoulos, A.G. Sextos

The influence of curvature to the response of curved bridges subjected

to earthquake loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
V. Sentzas, N. Pnevmatikos

A seismic restraining system for bridges.Analytical study of a strut-ties

mechanism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
I. Tegos, O. Markogiannaki

Input-based lateral force pattern study for pushover analysis of elevated pile
foundation System of Bridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
S. Cao, W. Yuan

Influence of seismic incident direction on the linear response of a bridge . . . . . . . . . 205

M. Skordeli, A. Athanatopoulou, I. Tegos

Effect of isolation bearing modeling on the seismic fragility of bridges . . . . . . . . . . 213

A. Sextos, I. Kilanitis, I. Moschonas

Design and construction of bridge G7, Egnatia Motorway, NW Greece . . . . . . . . . . 221

I. Lefas, T. Tsiknias, V. Georgiannou

Bridge with un-bonded post-tensioned piers dynamics Simulation under

base excitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
D. Sophianopoulos, P. Tsopelas

Seismic design principles of cable-stayed bridges of whole floating system

with elastic cable connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
Z. Wei, J. Zhong, W. Hu, W. Yuan

Isolation capacity of continuous grider bridges using CSFAB under near

fault ground motions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
X. Dang, W. Yuan

Cost benefits of seismic isolation on constructed bridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253

D.K. Kolios, G.K. Pantazopoulos, P.O. Theodoropoulos, T.G. Tsiknias

TOPIC 2
Seismic retrofit of 74M prestressed concrete overpass bridge with v-type
abutments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
N. Loukatos, N. Tzanetos, I. Kritikos

Seismic retrofit of 144 road prestressed concrete bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271

N. Loukatos, N. Tzanetos, P. Mergos, I. Kritikos

ix
Caisson foundation assessment for seismic vulnerability analysis
of existing bridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
G. Lanzano, M. Mancini, F. Santucci de Magistris, G. Fabbrocino

Condition assessment and retrofit of a highway steel bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287

I.G. Raftoyiannis, G.I. Ioannidis, A.G. Veis

The medieval bridge of Kremasti in Lesvos:Documentation, Assessment

and Proposed Interventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
E. Vintzileou, A. Papathanassiou, A. Zagkotsis, A.-A. Manoledaki

eastern mediterranean stone bridges structural and aesthetic aspects . . . . . . . . . . . . 303

G. Thomas

Seismic performance and rehabilitation of old stone bridges in earthquake-prone

areas: The case of debosset bridge in Greece . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
E. Rovithis, K. Pitilakis

TOPIC 3
Moving loads on multi-span bridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321

T.G. Konstantakopoulos, I.G. Raftoyiannis, G.T. Michaltsos

The design of the continuity slabs of precast I-beam bridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329

I.A. Tegos, S.D. Tegou

A special form special of cable-stayed bridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337

I.G. Raftoyiannis, G.T. Michaltsos

Dynamic behavior of bridge on floats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345

T.G. Konstantakopoulos, I.G. Raftoyiannis, G.T. Michaltsos

Cononceptual design of the yongding river bridge in Beijing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353

R.-C. Xiao, D.-L. Zhuang, L.-J. Jia, J. Cheng, B. Sun, W. Zhang, J. Gao

Floating bridges under moving loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361

T. Avraam, I.G. Raftoyiannis, G.T. Michaltsos

Lateral bucking of upper-cord section in steel truss bridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369

I.G. Raftoyiannis, T.P. Avraam

Sustainable bridge design in Egnatia Odos motorway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377

T. Tzaveas, E. Gavaise

Stabiltity of prestressed steel beams of bridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385

T.G. Konstantakopoulos, C. Charitidis

An n alternative proposal for the design of balanced cantilever bridges

with small span lengths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393
I.A. Tegos, S.A. Mitoulis

TOPIC 4
Repair and strengthening of reinforced concrete structures through ultra high
performance fiber reinforced cementitious composites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403

A. Meda, D. Rosignoli, S. Maringoni

x
Experimental study of FRP-DFRCC composite decks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411
S.T. Kim, K. Cho, S.Y. Park, J.-R. Cho, B.-S. Kim

A suggestion of a quick and economic method of strengthening bridge piers . . . . . . 419

A. Parapanisiou, D. Argyropoulou, E. Andreadou, X. Demertzi, T. Chrysanidis, I. Tegos

Tensile test of reinforced ultra high performance concrete prismatic bars . . . . . . . . . 427
C. Joh, I. Kwahk, J. Lee, B.-S. Kim

Horizontal shear strength between ultra high performance concrete

and normal concrete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433
J. Lee, C. Joh, J. Kwark, B.-S. Kim

Modeling extreme traffic loading on bridges using Kernel density estimators . . . . . 439
C. Leahy, E.J. Obrien, B. Enright

The structural health monitoring system of Rion Antirion Bridge

Charilaos Trikoupis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447
P. Papanikolas, A. Stathopoulos-Vlamis, A. Panagis

Geodetic monitoring of bridge oscillations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455

E. Lambrou, G. Pantazis

Damage identification in bridges using empirical mode decomposition of the

acceleration response to random traffic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463
J. Meredith, A. Gonzlez

Bridge health monitoring techniques integrating vibration

measurements and physics-based models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 471
D.-C. Papadioti, C. Papadimitriou, P. Panetsos

Bridge-vehicle interaction analysis based on microwave radar interferometry an

experimental investigation of Evripos cable-stayed bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479
V. Gikas, S. Daskalakis, T. Mpimis

Using robotic theobolites (RTS) in structural health monitoring.

The Gorgopotamos railway bridge as a case study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487
P. Psimoulis, E. Kokkinou, N. Bazeos, S. Stiros, D. Karabalis

TOPIC 5
A simplified analysis of the behaviour of suspension bridges under live load . . . . . . 497

L.T. Stavridis

Stay cables rain-wind induced vibrations.

Response characteristics, exciting mechanisms, and modelling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 505
D. Sophianopoulos, T. Konstantakopoulos

Dynamic analysis of long span cable-stayed bridges under the action

of moving loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 513
D. Bruno, F. Greco, P. Lonetti, A. Pascuzzo

Design of long - span bridges with conventional reinforced concrete decks . . . . . . . 521
I.A. Tegos, S.A. Mitoulis

xi
Main gateway Sheikh Zayed bridge, Abu Dhabi, UAE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 529

C. Constantoulakis, G. Nikolopoulos

Nonlinear modelling of the static response of long-span cable stayed bridges . . . . . 537
D. Bruno, F. Greco, P. Lonetti, E. Bianchi

Evaluation of the load carrying capacity of a bridge system under external

prestressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 545
L. Stavridis, K. Spiliopoulos, A. Ioannidou

tOPIc 6
Structural characterization of existing bridges for seismic vulnerability analysis . . . 555

M. Mancini, G. Fabbrocino

Earthquake Resisting Foundation of a long bridge on a covered river bed . . . . . . . . . 563

E. Zygouri, D. Bairaktaris

Some new thoughts on the performance-based design of caisson

supported bridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 571
N. Gerolymos, A. Zafeirakos, G. Gazetas

Instability problems for high piers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 579

E. Karatzas, V. Karatzas, G. Karidis

Seieismic behavior of long bridges with slender abutments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 587

E. Zygouri, D. Bairaktaris

Bridge pier founded on pile-group: Ductile design against faulting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 595

A. Tsatsis, R. Kourkoulis, I. Anastasopoulos, G. Gazetas

Generalised fragility curves for straight bridges, for arbitrary angle of

incidence of the seismic action, including soil-bridge interaction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 603
.
I. Moschonas, A. Kappos, A. Sextos

Bridge of dreams. A cable stayed Pedestrian Bridge in Athens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 611

P. Karydakis

Modular scaffolding systems for bridges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 619

P. Xinos

Railway arch steel bridge of 110m span . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 627

N. Loukatos, N. Tzanetos, E. Xypolitidis, I. Kritikos

Bridge construction management. Effective Tools to Control

Construction Schedules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 635
T. Tzaveas

Author index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 643