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Nutrition, Digestive and Excretory 4.6 Test Review


Label the following body systems:
Digestive
Name of the system: __________________
Salivary glands
Mouth and teeth

salivary glands
gall bladder
anus

Esophagus

teeth
esophagus
pancreas
mouth

Liver

Stomach

small intestine
rectum

Gall Bladder

Pancreas

liver
large intestine

Sm. Intestine

Lg. Intestine

stomach

Rectum

Anus

*******************************************************************************************************
Kidneys

Excretory
Name of the system:________________
kidneys
ureters
urethra
bladder
Ureters

Bladder

Urethra

villi

physical
change

lipids mucus

Excretory
system

rectum

large intestine

kidneys

absorption

large
molecules

pancreas

chemical
digestion

proteins

chemical
change

mechanical
energy

small
intestine

esophagus gall bladder

enzymes

anus

mechanical
digestion

transformation of
energy

ureters

bladder

carbohydrates

amino acids urethra

liver

sugar

mouth

Stomach

chemical energy

fatty acids

salivary glands

excretion

bile

physically chemically digestive


sugars
starches filtration
peristalsis
Some words may be used more than once.
1. The digestive system physically and chemically breaks down food into a usable form.
2. A physical change is when a substance does not change its identity.
3. Lipids are one of the nutrient providing components of food; examples are butter, oils, nuts,
and fish.
4. Large molecules are made up of smaller organic molecules that are often strung together to form
long molecular chains, such as carbohydrates, lipids and proteins
5. Carbohydrates are one of the nutrient providing components of food, with its most simple form being
sugars, and the more complex forms starches; examples are pasta, breads, fruits, vegetables.
6. A chemical change is when a substance combines with another to form a new substance.
7. Enzymes are substances produced and secreted by our body that help breakdown lipids,
carbohydrates and proteins.
8. The Excretory system collects wastes produced by cells and removes the wastes from the body.
This removal of waste is called excretion .
9. Proteins are one of the nutrient providing components of food; examples are meat, milk, eggs,
poultry, fish and nuts.
10. During digestion carbohydrates are broken down into sugars_______, lipids are broken down into
fatty acids and proteins are broken down into amino acids.
11. Mucus protects the stomach lining from digestive juices such as pepsin and hydrochloric acid.
12. The process by which food is broken up physically, as by the action of the teeth or stomach is
mechanical digestion
13. The process by which food is broken up chemically, as by the action of enzymes, and converted into
a substance suitable for absorption by the body is chemical digestion.
14. Peristalsis is a series of wave-like muscle contractions that moves food through the digestive tract.
15. The process by which the nutrients in food are passed into the bloodstream is absorption. The
majority of absorption takes place in the villi in the small intestine.
16. The process of filtration takes place in the kidneys where waste materials are filtered out of
the blood in the form of urine. The ureters are the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the
bladder. The urethra is the tube that moves the urine from the bladder to be discharged from
out of the body.
17. Transformation of Energy is the process of changing energy from one form to another. In digestion,
chemical energy in food is transformed into mechanical energy to allow your body to move.
18. Digestion begins in the mouth where teeth grind food into smaller pieces and the salivary glands
excrete saliva to break down food.
19. Enzymes that are made in the pancreas help break down carbohydrates and protein in the small
intestine.
20. The large intestine absorbs water from the material that is leftover from digestion and prepares the
feces for release from the body.
21. The esophagus is a muscular tube that transports saliva, liquids and food to the stomach. The
stomach is a muscular sac that lies between the esophagus and small intestine.
22. Feces exits the large intestine through the rectum and moves out of the body through the anus.
23. The liver produces bile, a liquid that is stored in the gall bladder.

Label the steps of the digestion process using the numbers listed.
1. The large intestine absorbs water, salt and some
vitamins

2. Food travels down the pharynx into the esophagus

3. Your teeth perform mechanical digestion

4. The rectum stores feces until it leaves the body


through
the anus

5. Liver secretes bile, to help fat digestion

6. Salivary glands secrete saliva to start chemical


digestion
5
7
1
4

7. The small intestine completes digestion


8. The stomach secretes enzymes to chemically digest
food while the muscles move to mechanically
breakdown
food
9. The esophagus pushes food down through a motion
called peristalsis

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