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Background
The PERG-200 permeameter is a manually operated gas permeameter incorporating digital
technology to yield accurate permeability determinations for a limited range of sample size
and permeability. The device is an excellent choice as a training instrument since the
incorporation of the Fancher core holder reduces the required gas pressure to a minimum.
Safety
Basic Theory
Henri Darcy empirically defined fluid flow in porous media in 1856 as being proportional to
the differential pressure per unit length. The relationship was derived from data collected
during a series of experiments on the vertical flow of water through gravel packs.
Subsequent work has proved the validity of Darcy's Law for flow in all directions and
confirmed the experimental observations by derivation from the basic laws of physics.
Q=
k A(P1 P2 )
L
Where:
k
Permeability. (Darcies)
Darcy's Law
Viscosity. (centipoise)
P1
P2
Darcy's Law has been found to be valid only at low flow rates, and is now recognized as a
special case of the Forchheimer Equation where the second order term has been reduced
to zero. Conventionally the Darcian region of flow is referred to as 'linear laminar' or
Darcian flow and that region described by the complete Forchheimer Equation as 'non
linear laminar' or Non-Darcian flow.
P v
=
+ v2
L k
Forchheimer Equation
Where:
P
L
Viscosity. (centipoise)
Permeability. (Darcies)
Forchheimer Factor.
[(1 2 ) + ]
= =
(1 + 2 )
2
(1 2 ) +
(1 + 2 )
(1 + 2 )
(1 2 ) +
2
2
(1 + 2 )2
(12 22 ) +
2
2
(1 22 )
2000
(1 22 )
Step 3. Record the stabilized UPSTREAM PRESSURE and the temperature. Increase the
GAS FLOW RATE by rotating the REGULATOR handle in a clockwise direction. Again,
allow the UPSTREAM PRESSURE and the GAS FLOW RATE displays to stabilize.
Step4. Repeat the process at several upstream pressures to establish that Darcian flow is
occurring. (The gas flow rate should increase linearly with increased flow pressure.)
Step5. Enter the recorded values in the formula to calculate the permeability to air for the
core sample.
Step6: Calculate Liquid permeability and Klinkenberg constant from gas permeability using
Klinkenberg correction
K g = Gas permeability
K L = Liquid (absolute) permeability
b= Klinkenberg constant
P=Pressure
= (1 + )