What in particular about how the Framers crafted the document made the

Constitution the most democratic deed of its time?

The preamble of the constitution reflects the philosophy of the constitution and its framers.
The preamble not only describes to the people about the constitution but also gives an
objective to its framers to be achieved.
It is more than a resolution, it is an undertaking, it is firm resolve, and much more than that,
an objective to be achieved by its framers.
The preamble of the constitution, tells about first major exercise undertaken to implement
democracy at such a large scale. It was unique in a way, because the idea of having
government elected by the people was limited to the places not only insular (like Switzerland)
but also very small (like England), and if so existed, were under the clout of the monarch.
This exercise was not special just on the terms of scale of implementation but also in the
terms of manner or approach of the implementation. The idea of governance by the people
(referendum democracy, representative democracy) may have a precedence. But the way of it
adoption was completely unheard of before, it was the idea of the adoption of the constitution
by the vote of the people. The precedence of this sought of exercise held before can only be
found in Massachusetts in 1780. Which could be taken as the pilot project implementation of
this massive exercise, before carrying this ubiquitously in 13 states of the confederation.
This approach of implementation hitherto was special but the lowering or elimination of the
property qualification made it unique. The only state till that time to not have a property
qualification for voting was Pennsylvania. This was adopted and in many states the
qualification for voting in the election were degraded or eliminated.
Certainly, the scale at which this exercise was held was massive and approach to do this was
unique. Moreover, the result this exercise ascertained were unprecedented. It not only paved
the path for the Bill of Rights. But also succeeded in the accommodating the much desirable
feature of the democracy, the freedom of speech, the anti-federals which were not for the
much of the part of the constitution drafted initially were heard and their views were
respected as their right to voice their opinion . This sought of exercise carried out during the
adoption of the constitution, was unique, because, it provided the unique legacy to the people
of the Union, even though this made the exercise of implementation, tougher, susceptible to
far greater risk of not succeeding in achieving the desirable. However, what it provided was
much greater than vulnerabilities, was the firm foundation, in the form of freedom of speech.
The constitution not only glued the loosely knit colonies into one nation by depriving them
with the right of secession (In Toto and forever), but also laid foundation of the perfect
union by providing better representation to the people not to states, this was much deeper
than anti-federals had imagined initially, the House of Representatives, which were elected by
the people, represented people of the state and their number were in proportion of the
population, with lower and upper to ceiling attached to it, rather than the ubiquitous number
which existed during colonial times Thus, the idea was to have proper representation. Of the
people. This addition of another house lead to formation bicameral legislature. The duration
of the office for each member in senate were fixed and members were remunerated. By the

national government rather than the state which was completely unheard of Britain at that
time and till late 18 century.
The lower ceiling was applied to age required for the election in the House of Representatives
and senate which in turn, reduced the probability of the clout of particular section the society
or insular democracy.
What this constitution provided to the government of the Union was the right to tax the
people and apply duties, regulate commerce. With authority of people drawn through the
constitution
Because they members elected under constitution and its law, were representatives of the
people .And thus, No Taxation without representation did not apply any further.
Q2: Similarly, in what ways does the Constitutions text and structure indicate that the
Framers were concerned with national security?
The article 1 of the constitution which is related to powers of Congress or the central
administration is quite elaborate and detailed as compared to other articles in the
constitution .It entails to their concern with the matter of stability of union as a nation. The
union has just got emancipated from its colonization. However, the framers understood that if
the democracy has to exist and thrive in the year to come. The explicit details of the powers
to the congress was called for.
The detail listing of powers of the congress in section 8 of article. Grant not only the explicit
powers to the Congress to impose taxes , to maintain army and navy of its own , with
reauthorisation of army at every 2 year with the election of new house of representatives at
every 2 year ,to manage foreign affairs ,common currency , citizenship . Have its own bank.
(Supreme Court Case ruling by John Marshall)
However, even with all these powers , the central government , was not suppose intervene in
the matter of state till it become essential to do so and likewise for the state government . For
which the restriction in the powers of both central and state government are detailed in
section 9 of the article 1.
The most important part of Article 1 is the effort of the framers to strike balance with in the
muscle power of the centre and state. By power local militia to the state as counter support
against the centre, if by any chance, it tries, to implement the Marshall Law, with the help of
its army, or curb the freedom of speech.
As you read the Constitution, how do you see the themes of democracy and national
security fitting together? Are they compatible, or are they at odds with one another?
As we move deeper in the constitution we find the efforts made by the framer to strike
balance within the system. The presidential power, to veto, the power of Supreme Court of
judicial review can be accounted under this effort.
The article 1 was really all about the congress and its powers and efforts were made to draw
the line of demarcation between the power of the centre and the states with the restrictions
attached. However, the transformation of union like European Union into more perfect union

, more efforts were called for , which could be observed in the later articles. The power to
veto may be looked upon as the violation of cardinal rule of democracy. However, the
restriction attached to it, read in line with it, gives understanding of security. Similarly, with
the judicial review, this power of the Supreme Court .Checks the absolute power of the first
among three equals i.e. legislature.
The Framers relates to an idea Good may always not remain as Good .As it once were. So,
provision of amendments and the proper checks and balances are required .This could be well
understood from the event of Civil war. The Southern states with the help of its local militia
given to them for the protection of state and to maintain balance in power, declared war
against centre.