Electrical Power and Machines EPE491

Tutorial 6 DC Machines
1.

Explain how AC signal is generated.

2.

How can DC voltage be produced?

3.

What is the advantage of using electromagnet compared to permanent magnet?

4.

Describe armature reaction in DC machines.

5.

Describe the principle of operation of a DC motor.

6.

Explain why is it necessary to have a starter when starting a DC motor.

7.

Describe the three basic means of controlling the speed of a DC motor.

8.

Draw the terminal characteristics of a series generator

9.

Draw the torque-speed characteristic of a shunt motor.

10. Why is differential compound motor unsuitable for any application?

11. A 6-pole lap-wound armature has 360 conductors driven at 1500 rpm. Calculate the
generated emf when the flux per pole is 40mWb
[360V]
12. An 8-pole armature with 118 wave-wound conductors driven an emf of 400V.
Determine the speed at which it is running if the flux per pole is 60mWb.
[848 rpm]
13. A 4-pole lap connected shunt generator supplies 2400W at 100V. If Ra=0.1 and
Rf=20, calculate:
a) Load current
b) Field current
c) Armature current
[24A, 5A, 29A]
14. A 6-pole, 500V, 240 conductors, lap connected dc machine runs at 1000 rpm.
Calculate:
a) Flux per pole
b) Emf generated if the machine runs at 750 rpm assuming constant flux in the
machine
[0.125Wb, 375V]
15. Repeat Q14 if the machine is now wave connected.
[0.042Wb, 378V]

D. Johari, FKE UiTM

Electrical Power and Machines EPE491

16. A 2-pole separately excited generator operating at 1000 rpm gives an output at
20kW at 220V. Determine the emf generated. If the speed is increased to 2000 rpm
and the flux is reduced by 30%, calculate the new terminal voltage and output power.
Take Ra = 0.1
[229V, 312V, 28.4kW]
17. A DC generator has 6 poles and is running at 1150 rpm. The armature has 120 slots
with eight conductors per slot and is connected as a lap winding. The generated
voltage is 230V, and the armature current is 25A.
a) Determine the required flux per pole
b) Determine the electromagnetic torque developed
[12.510-3 Wb, 47.75 Nm]
18. A 1500kW, 10-pole motor has a rated open-circuit armature voltage of 250V when
driven at its rated speed of 3000 r/min. The armature winding has 440 slots with a
single conductors in each slot connected as wave connection.
a) Find the flux per pole under these conditions
b) Find the torque when operating at rated conditions
[2.273m Wb, 4.774k Nm]
19. A 50kW, 240V DC shunt generator has an armature resistance of 0.10, a field
circuit resistance of 120, and a total brush voltage drop of 2V. The generator
delivers rated current at rated speed and rated voltage. Calculate the following:
a) Load current
b) Field current
c) Armature current
d) Armature induced voltage
[208.33 A, 2A, 210.33A, 263.03]
20. When a commutator machine is driven at a speed of 1240 r/min, its open circuit
voltage is measured for a set of values of field current (if) giving the following results:
If (A)
E (V)

0.1
55

0.2
110

0.3
161

0.4
218

0.5
265

0.6
287

0.7
303

0.8
312

a) What torque will this machine develop with a field current of 0.6A and an
armature current of 40A?
b) The machine now acts as a motor, developing the same torque as calculated in
part a) with the field current still 0.6A. What will be the no-load speed of the
motor if the armature has a resistance of 0.2?
c) What is the speed regulation of the motor?
[88.41 Nm, 1283 rpm, 3.48% A]
21. A 220V DC shunt motor has armature and field winding resistances of 0.15 and
110, respectively. The motor draws a line current of 5 A while running on no load.
When driving a load, the motor runs at 1100 rpm and draws 48 A of line current.
Calculate the no-load speed and speed regulation.

D. Johari, FKE UiTM

Electrical Power and Machines EPE491

22. A 120V shunt motor has armature and field winding resistances of 0.10 and 120,
respectively, and a total brush voltage drop of 2V. The motor operates at rated load
and draws a line current of 41A at a speed of 200 rad/s. Calculate
a) The field current and armature current
b) The counter emf
c) The developed power in kW
d) The developed torque in N-m
23. A four-pole DC motor has a flux per pole of 10mWb. The armature has 600
conductors, which are connected so that there are four parallel paths between the
brushes. The armature resistance is 0.5, including the effect of brush drop. The
machine is connected to a source of 120V, and the machine is loaded so that it takes
rated armature current of 50 amperes. Neglect the effect of armature reaction.
Calculate:
a) The motor speed
b) The torque developed
c) The speed regulation of the motor
[950 rpm, 47.75 rpm, 26.3%]
The effect of armature reaction, which was previously ignored, is to reduce the main
field flux by 15% under the load of 50 A. All other data remain the same. Determine
the speed and horsepower developed by the motor.
[1118 rpm, 6.36 hp]
24. A 220V, 1800rpm shunt motor has a total armature circuit resistance of 0.4. The
resistance of the shunt field circuit is 220. At full load this power drawn by the
motor is 20kW. At starting, the maximum allowable armature current is twice the
rated value. Determine the steps of the starting resistor and the speed attained by
the armature at each step. Neglect the effect of armature reaction.
[R1 = 0.823, N1 = 1076 rpm; R2 = 0.218, N2 = 1614 rpm]

D. Johari, FKE UiTM