QA Two Lines

Condition of Parallelism of lines

If the slopes of two lines is m1 and m2 and if they are parallel then,
m 1 = m2
Condition of Perpendicularity of lines
If the slopes of two lines is m1 and m2 and if they are perpendicular to each other then
m1. m2 = 1
POINT OF INTERSECTION OF TWO LINES
Let the equations of two lines be
a1x + b1y + c1 = 0
(1)
and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0
(2)
Let (x1, y1) be the coordinates of the point of intersection of the two lines. Then
a1x1 + b1y1 + c1 = 0
(3)
and a2x1 + b2y1 + c2 = 0
(4)
By the method of cross multiplication

where
Thus the coordinates o the point of intersection of the two lines are
,
To find the coordinates of the point of intersection of two non parallel lines, we solve the
given equations simultaneously and the values of x and y so obtained determine the
coordinates of the point of intersection.
CONDITION OF CONCURRENCY OF THREE LINES
Three lines are said to be concurrent if they pass through a common point i.e., they meet at
a single common point.
Thus if three lines are concurrent the point of intersection of any two lines lies on the third
line.
Let
a1x + b1y + c1 = 0
(1)
a2x + b2y + c2 = 0
(2)
a3x + b3y + c3 = 0
(3)
be three concurrent lines then
a3(b1c2 b2c1) + b3(c1a2 c2a1) + c3(a1b2 a2b1) = 0

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QA Two Lines

Which is the required condition for concurrency of three lines

Find the point of intersection of any two lines by solving them simultaneously. If this
point satisfies the third equation also, then the given lines are concurrent.
ANGLE BETWEEN TWO STRAIGHT LINES
Let the two straight lines be
y = m1x + c1
(1)
and y = m2x + c2
(2)
and be the angle between them, then
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Thus two lines a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 are

(i) Coincident, if
(ii) Parallel, if
(iii) Intersecting, if
(iv) Perpendicular, if
DISTANCE OF A POINT FROM A GIVEN LINE OR LENGTH OF PERPENDICULAR FROM THE
POINT (x1, y1) TO THE STRAIGHT LINE ax + by + c = 0
Let the length of perpendicular be p, then
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DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO PARALLEL LINES

If two lines are parallel, then they have the same distance between these throughout.
Therefore to find the distance between two parallel lines find the coordinates of any point
on one of the given lines, preferably putting x = 0 or y = 0. Then the perpendicular distance
of this point from the other line is the required distance between the lines.
Alternatively : Let the two parallel lines be ax + by + c1 = 0 and ax + by + c2 = 0, then the
perpendicular distance between the lines is |

EQUATION OF STRAIGHT LINES PASSING THROUGH (x 1, y1) MAKING ANGLE WITH THE
GIVEN LINE y = mx + c ARE

EQUATION OF ANY LINE PASSING THROUGH THE POINT OF INTERSECTION OF TWO GIVEN
LINES

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QA Two Lines

Any line passing through the point of intersection of the lines a 1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y
+ c2 = 0 can be represented by the equation
(a1x + b1y + c1) + (a2x + b2y + c2) = 0
Where is an arbitrary constant.

EQUATIONS OF BISECTORS OF THE ANGLES BETWEEN TWO GIVEN LINES

Let a1x + b1y + c = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 be the equations of two given lines AB and AC
respectively then the equations of the two bisectors are

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