Preposiciones

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Preposiciones
Qu es una Preposicin?
Una preposicin es una palabra que conecta dos palabras demostrando la relacin entre ellas. Las
preposiciones pueden demostrar varias relaciones tales como tiempo, situacin, direccin, modo,
propsito, etc.
Las preposiciones tambin pueden conectar dos palabras sin demostrar una relacin especfica como
las que se mencionaron arriba. (Ejemplo: in retrospect, under surveillance, at stake ). En este caso
debers practicar y memorizar las diferentes combinaciones.

Preposiciones de TIEMPO
Preposiciones

Significado

Ejemplos

ON

Para das y fechas

- On Monday(s), on September 23rd

IN

Para partes del da, para los meses, para aos y

estaciones del ao

- In the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening

(excepcin: AT night)
- In December
- In 1997
- In winter

AT

Para expresar el momento en el que algo ocurre,

y ciertas expresiones
- At three oclock, at noon, at night, at midnight
- At last, at the most

FOR/DURING

Para perodos de tiempo completos.

Dentro de perodos de tiempo completos

- Ive worked here for two years. I heard noises during

the night

SINCE

Para marcar el comienzo de un perodo de tiempo con

referencia al presente

- Since 1950

BY

Para marcar el vencimiento de un plazo de tiempo

- You must hand in the report by 5 oclock on Tuesday

FROMTO
FROMUNTIL/
THROUGH

Para marcar el comienzo y el final de un perodo de

tiempo

- I work from 9 to 5, Monday to Friday

- I work from 9 to 5, Monday until Friday
- I work from 9 to 5, Monday through Friday

Preposiciones de LUGAR
Preposiciones

Significado

Ejemplos

ON

Encontrarse sobre una superficie

- The plate is on the table

IN/INSIDE

Encontrarse dentro de unos lmites fsicos

- The monkey's in/inside the cage, he's inside the shop

IN

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AT

Encontrarse en un sitio con respecto a un objeto de

referencia

- At the theatre. He is at the traffic lights

ABOVE/OVER

Encontrarse en una posicin ms alta con respecto a

algo

- The aeroplane is flying over the city

- The poster is on the wall above the desk

UNDER
/UNDERNEATH
/BELOW
/BENEATH

Encontrarse en una posicin ms baja con respecto a

algo

- The shoes are under the bed

- The shoes are underneath the bed
- The shoes are below the bed
- The shoes are beneath the bed

NEAR

Estar cerca de algo

- My school is near my home

BY /NEXT TO

Directamente tocando o casi tocando

- I live by the river

- My school is by my home
- My school is next to my home

OPPOSITE

Estar directamente enfrente de algo

- The petrol station is opposite the post office

IN FRONT OF

Al principio de algo, por delante de, en cabeza, a

menudo significa opposite

- John was in front of me in the queue

BETWEEN

Estar entremedio de dos objetos o personas

- My house is between the pharmacy and the

supermarket

AMONG

Encontrarse entre tres o ms personas u objetos

- I could hardly see Mary among all those people

Preposiciones de MOVIMIENTO
Preposiciones

Significado

Ejemplos

ONTO

Poner(se) sobre una superficie

- The cat jumped onto the table

TO

Ir hacia una direccin

- I go to school every morning

TOWARDS

Indica la direccin de (pero no necesariamente se llega a

ese destino)

- I saw Dan going towards the cinema

INTO

Poner(se) dentro de algo

- Please place the food into the bag carefully

AROUND

Rodear un edificio, terreno, etc. Estar en todas partes.

- I went around the world last year

- My dog likes running around the park

DOWN

Ir hacia abajo

- The boy climbed down the tree

UP

Ir hacia arriba

- The boy climbed up the tree

FROM

Procedencia, indicar el punto de inicio de algo.

- Ive just come from work

THROUGH

A travs, entrar y salir de un sitio

- The train went through the tunnel

Preposiciones de MODO, AGENTE y PROPSITO

Tipo de
preposicin

Preposiciones

Significado

Ejemplos

Modo

BY

La manera de viajar

- I like to travel by car

Modo

WITH

El instrumento o herramienta usada para algo

- He painted the house with an electric roller

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Agente

BY

La persona o cosa responsable de hacer algo

- The book was written by a psychologist

Propsito

TO

(Para) El objetivo de una accin

- I brought my books to study

Propsito

FOR

Para una funcin particular

- This pen is special for writing calligraphy

Preposiciones no relacionadas con las anteriores

Preposicin

Significado

Ejemplo

AS FAR AS

Que yo sepa (en el ejemplo, as far as I know)

- As far as I know, no decision has been made

AS FOR

en cuanto a

- As for you, Ill deal with you later!

AS WELL AS

tambin

- You need to bring an umbrella, as well asa raincoat

AT EASE

a gusto

- He feels at ease in their company

AT STAKE

en juego

- Theres a lot of money at stake here

AT TIMES

a veces

- He can be shy at times

BEHIND
SCHEDULE

ir atrasado

- Were behind schedule. We should be sitting down to

lunch now

BY BIRTH

de nacimiento

- The title is his by birth

BY HEART

de memoria

- She can recite the poem by heart

BY MEANS OF

por medio de

- She got the job by means of family connections

FOR GOOD

definitivamente, para siempre

- Were done for good! I never want to see you again!

FROM NOW ON

de ahora en adelante

- From now on, you will report to Mr Shaw. Hes the

new boss

FROM THEN ON

de ese momento en adelante

- ... and from then on, they were the best of friends

IN
ACCORDANCE
WITH

de acuerdo con

- In accordance with tradition, everyone throws rice at

the bride and groom

IN ADDITION TO

adems de

- In addition to meat and fish, they also served a

vegetarian entre

IN A GOOD
MOOD

de buen humor

- Everyone at the party was in a good mood

IN A HURRY

con prisa

- I can't speak now I'm in a hurry

IN DESPAIR

desesperadamente

- The prisoner cried out in despair

IN FULL

en su totalidad, por completo

- We paid the bill in full

IN HIDING

estar escondido

- He was in hiding because the police were looking for

him

IN HIGH
SPIRITS

estar animado

- After drinks and dancing, everyone was in high spirits

IN short

en resumen

- I have no money; in short, I can't pay you

IN SPITE OF

a pesar de

- He still managed to travel in spite of his poor health

IN TEARS

llorando

- She broke down in tears when they told her that her
grandmother had died

IN the end

al final

- We didn't go in the end

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IN THE LONG
RUN

a largo plazo

- In the long run, shell be better off without him

OFF THE
RECORD

entre nosotros, no oficialmente

- The politician made the comment off the record

ON A REGULAR
BASIS

de manera habitual

- We see each other on a regular basis

ON ACCOUNT
OF

por motivo de, a causa de

- We couldnt go to the beach on account ofthe bad

weather

ON BAIL

bajo fianza

- The suspect is out on bail

ON BEHALF OF

de parte de

- We made a donation to the charity on behalf of your

mother

ON EDGE

nervioso

- Hes been on edge a lot lately

ON FOOT

a pie

- We came on foot

ON GOOD
TERMS

tener buenas relaciones con

- Shes on good terms with her ex-husband

ON LEAVE

de permiso

- Shes on maternity leave until the first of the year

ON LOAN

prestado

- The painting is on loan from the Prado

ON PATROL

patrullando

- Officers Cain and Jenkins are on patrol

ON
SABBATICAL

ao (u otro tiempo) sabtico

- Professor Hays is on sabbatical this year

ON THE ROAD

estar en carretera. de viaje

- The band is on the road this summer

ON TOP OF

adems de

- On top of everything else, they expect me to teach

chemistry this term!

OUT OF
BREATH

sin aliento

- He was out of breath after running up five flights of

stairs

OUT OF ORDER

fuera de servicio

- The lift is out of order. Youll have to take the stairs

TO AN EXTENT

hasta cierto punto

- He will help you to an extent, but you must do most of

the work

UNDER
ATTACK

estar siendo atacado(s)

- The city was under attack by Roman soldiers

UNDER COVER

secretamente

- He worked under cover for intelligence operations

UNDER OATH

bajo juramento

- He gave testimony under oath

UNDER
SURVEILLANCE

bajo vigilancia

- The police had the suspect under surveillance

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