Causative Verb

Seringkali kali kita tidak mampu mengerjakan pekerjaan kita sendiri,

sering menghendaki orang lain untuk melakukan sesuatu untuk
kepentingan kita. Untuk itu kita memanfaatkan struktur kalimat
causative.
So, apa kalimat causative verb itu? Kalimat causative menggunakan
causative verb yang artinya kata kerja penyebab ( verbs that cause
something) atau yang menyebabkan. Berikut ini beberapa contoh kalimat
yang menggunakan pola causative verb.
1 Thomas wants to have his car washed now ( Thomas menginginkan
motornya dicuci sekarang)
Nindy would like to have her hair shortened ( Nindy menghendaki
rambutnya dipendekkan
Ada beberapa kata kerja yang dikelompokkan kedalam causative verbs
ini antara lain
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
1.

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Have : meminta, menyuruh, menghendaki

Make : meminta, membuat, menyebabkan
Let : mengijinkan, memperbolehkan
Help : membantu
Get: menghendaki menyuruh

Causative have : : meminta, menyuruh, menghendaki

Contoh
1. My parents always have me get up early in the morning.
( bermakna aktif )
Orang tuaku senantiasa menghendaki aku bangun pagi- pagi
2. Nindy usually has her newspaper sent to her house, but
yesterday she had it sent to her office (bermakna pasif ).
Nindy biasanya menghendaki surat kabarnya dikirim kerumah, akan
tetapi kemarin ia menghendaki surat kabarnya dikirim ke kantor.
Saphira and Sania plan to have thie new dresses made according to the
current models. ( bermakna pasif )
Saphira and Sania menghendaki pakaian barunya dibuat sesuai
model yang baru
Please, dont have me cry again. ( bermakna aktif )
Aku mohon agar tidak membuatku menangis lagi.
I want to have my heart entertained. ( Bermakna pasif ) Aku ingin hati ini
dihibur.
B. Conclution ( kesimpulan )
Jika bermkna aktif , causative have diikuti kata kerja bentuk

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pertama.
Jika bermakna pasif, have diikuti kata kerja bentuk ketiga (verb 3)
Penggunaan has/have disesuaikan dengan subject kalimat.
Subject tunggal ( present ) has
Subject jamak ( present ) have
Subject tunggal/jamak ( past) had
2. Causative make : meminta, membuat, menyebabkan
A. Contoh
Dhane, your smile makes me think a thousand times to leave you.
Crawford can really make her boyfriend knee down
During the exam, Mr. Boy made students finish the test within 60
minutes only
The moderator of the seminar could made all the participants
concentrate their minds on the
matter very well.
Sweetheart, I will make you stand by me and stay with me
B. Conclution ( kesimpulan )
a. Causative make hanya dapat dipergunakan dalam kalimat
yang bermakna aktif saja!
b. Kata kerja setelah make adalah kata kerja bentuk pertama
3.
A.

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Causative let : mengijinkan, memperbolehkan

Contoh

Her parents let sonali take the bus to school

Does your mother let you eat out at KFC?
Surely, I will no let you stay home alone
Please, let the mechanic check the engine
Dan, dont let your boyfriend wait for you without an end!
B. Conclution ( kesimpulan )
a. Causative let hanya dapat di pergunakan dalam kalimat
yang bermakna aktif saja!
b. Kata kerja setelah let adalah kata kerja bentuk pertama
4. Causative help : membantu
Contoh
1. Please help me do this homework. I cant understand how to do it
2. Could you help me find a new boarding house to stay?
3. Danny will be very glad if you can help her get some gifts from the
store
B. Conclution ( kesimpulan )

a. Causative help hanya dapat dipergunakan dalam kalimat

yang bermakna aktif saja!
b. Kata kerja setelah help adalah kata kerja bentuk pertama.
5. Causative get : menghendaki menyuruh.
Contoh
1. Pamella wants to get her motorcycle checked and fixed. Because it has
been broken more than a week. (Bermakna pasif)
Pamella menginginkan sepeda motornya diperiksa dan diperbaiki.
2. Tamara usually gets her montly magazine delivered to her house, but
last month , she got it delivered to her office . ( bermakna pasif)
tamara biasanya menghendaki majalah bulanannya dikirim kerumah,
akan tetapi bulan yang lalu, dia menghendaki majalah tersebut dikirim
kekantornya.
3. Rosallia usually gets her mother to fry some eggs for her. ( bermakna
aktif ) Rosallia biasanya meminta ibunya untuk menggorengkan
beberapa telur untuknya
4. Did you get Mr. Boy to drive you home last night? ( bermakana aktif ) .
apakah dirimu meminta Mr. Boy untuk mengantarmu pulang tadi
malam?
B. Conclution (kesimpulan)
A. Causative get bermakna aktif jika diikuti to + verb I
B. Causative get berwarna pasif jika diikuti kata kerja
bentuk ketiga
C. Penggunaan get, gets, atau disesuaikan dengan subject
kalimat.
Subjek tunggal ( present) gets
Subjek jamak (present) get
Subjek tungga/ jamak (past)

subjuctive

Wishdiikutiolehsimplepastuntukmenyatakanbahwasituasi

yangdiinginkantidakmungkinterjadipadasaatini(present),
sedangkanwishdiikutipastperfectuntukmenyatakantidak
mungkinterjadidimasalampau(past).Wishdapatpuladiikuti
pastfuture(would/could+Verb1)untukmenyatakankeinginan
seseoranguntukmelakukansesuatusecaraberbeda.Beberapa
contohkalimatnyaadalahsebagaiberikut.
Wish(es)+

SimplePast

ContohKalimatExpressingwishes

Fakta

Iwishshewerehere.
(Sayaberharapdiadisini.)

butsheisnt
(Diatidakdisini.)

WennywishesAriagreedwithheropinion.
(WennyberharapArisetujudengan
pendapatnya.)

butAridoesnt
(Aritidaksetuju.)

Raisawishesshecoulddriveacar.
(Raisaberharapdiadapatmenyetirmobil.)

butRaisacant
(Raisatidakdapatmenyetir
mobil.)

Wirawisheshehadfinishedthetaskbeforethe
deadline.
(Wiraberharapdiatelahmenyelesaikantugas
tersebutsebelumtenggatwaktu.)

butWiradidnt
(Wiratidakmenyelesaikan
tugastersebutsebelum)

Mybrotherwisheshecouldhaveownedahouse
whenhewastwentyfiveyearsold.
(Saudarasayaberharapdiatelahmemilikisebuah
rumahketikadiaberumurduapuluhlimatahun.)

butmybrothercouldnt
(Saudarasayatidakmemiliki
rumahketika)

Defiwishesherfriendswouldcometoherhouse
tomorrow.
(Defiberharaptemantemannyadatangke
rumahnyabesok.)

herfriendsmight,buther
friendsmightnotcome
(temantemannyamungkin
datangtapimungkintidak
datang)

PastPerfect

Future
(would/coul
d+Verb1
atau
was/were+

present
participle)

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Thegovernmentwishespeoplewerestayingat
homeduringthehurricane.
(Pemerintahberharaporangorangsedang
tinggaldirumahselamabadai.)

butpeoplearent
(orangorangtidaksedang
tinggaldirumah)

HOPE
Berbeda dengan wish, hope merupakan harapan yang bisa
diwujudkan dan sangat mungkin terjadi.
Contohnya:
I hope we can still be friends.
I Hope can go to Melbourne this year.
Padanan kata I hope adalah I can menjadi I hope I can
WISH

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Wish adalah harapan yang tidak mudah diwujudkan. Bahkan

bisa sangat mustahil untuk diwujudkan.
Contohnya:
I wish I can fly.
I wish i can buy this world.
Padanan kata I wish adalah I could menjadi I wishI could
*Could di sini bukan dalam bentuk lampau tetapi lebih menyatakan
sesuatu yang tidak nyata atau tidak serupa.

1. Prefer
Rumus:
Subject + Prefer + to infinitive
Subject + Prefer + Nouns + to + Nouns
Subject + Prefer + Gerund + to + Gerund
Contoh:
They prefer to go now
My mother prefers lemon to orange
She prefers watching TV to listening to the radio
2. Would Rather
Rumus:

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2
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1 Subject + would rather + Kata kerja bentuk I (tanpa

to- Infinitives)
Subject + would rather + Infinitives + than +
Infinitives
Subject + would rather + Infinitives + Noun + than +
Inf + Noun
Subject + would rather + someone + Bentuk II
Contoh:
I would rather study now
She would rather stay home than go shopping
Wed rather play card than play ball
Id rather you went now
3. Would Prefer to
Rumus:
Subject + Would Prefer to + infinitive +rather than +
inf
Subject + would Prefer to + infinitives + Nouns +
rather than + infinitives + Nouns
Contoh:
They would prefer to sing rather than dance
Youd prefer to play ball rather than take a sleep
4. Like
Rumus:
Subject + Like + Nouns/Gerunds
Subject + like +gerunds + better than + gerund
Subject + like + noun + better than + noun
Contoh:
I like singing a song
She likes singing a song better than playing a guitar
They like coffee better than tea
5. Had Better
Rumus:
Subject + had better + infinitive
Subject + had better + not + infinitive
Contoh:
You had better study hard

You had better not work on Sundays

6. Its time
Rumus:
Its time + to infinitives
Its time + Subject + Bentuk past
Contoh:
Its time to get up
Its time you went away
7. Instead of
Instead of kita gunakan sebagai pengganti dari: to, than, better
than, rather than
Rumus:
Instead of + Gerund/Nouns
Contoh:
I prefer staying home instead of going out
They would rather eat their lunch instead of work
I woud prefer to invite them instead of him
He likes me instead of him

Perbedaan Pada Bentuk Kata

Kerjanya:
I prefer living in a town. (Diikuti gerund, menggunakan akhiran ing)
I would prefer to be told the truth.(Diikuti
oleh infinitive, menggunakan to + Verb 1)
Would you rather stay at an apartment? (Diikuti oleh bentuk dasar
dari verb (kata kerja)/ Verb 1 tanpa to)
Perbedaan penggunaan Preposition (Prepoisi) untuk
menentukan pilihan:
Prefer dan would prefer diikuti oleh preposisi to,
contohnya:
I prefer living in a town to living in the village.
I would rather being alone to being with the wrong person.
Would rather diikuti oleh preposisi than, contohnya:
I would rather talk to him in person than call him on the phone.

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE

Kalimat aktif (active voice) adalah kalimat dimana subject-nya
melakukan pekerjaan, sebaliknya, kalimat pasif (passive
voice) adalah kalimat dimana subject-nya dikenai pekerjaan oleh
object kalimat. Active voice lebih sering digunakan dalam
kehidupan sehari-hari dibandingkan dengan passive voice.
Namun demikian, sering kita temukan passive voice di suratsurat kabar, artikel-artikel di majalah-majalah dan tulisan-tulisan
ilmiah. Passive voice digunakan karena object dari active voice
merupakan informasi yang lebih penting dibandingkan dengan
subject-nya.
Contoh :
Active : We fertilize the soil every 6 months

Passive: The soil is fertilized by us every 6 months

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Dari contoh ini dapat kita lihat bahwa:

Object dari active voice (the soil) menjadi subject dari passive
voice
Subject dari active voice (we) menjadi object dari passive voice.
Perhatikan pula bahwa terjadi perubahan dari subject pronoun
we menjadi object pronoun us.
Verb1 (fertilize) pada active voice menjadi verb3 (fertilized) pada
passive voice.
Ditambahkannya be is di depan verb3. Be yang digunakan
adalah tergantung pada subject passive voice dan tenses yang
digunakan. (Perhatikan pola-pola passive voice di bawah).
Ditambahkannya kata by di belakang verb3. Namun, jika object
dari passive voice dianggap tidak penting atau tidak diketahui,

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maka object biasanya tidak dikemukakan dan begitu pula kata

by.
Khusus untuk kalimat-kalimat progressive (present, past, past
perfect, future, past future, dan past future perfect continuous,
perlu menambahkan being di depan verb3). Kalau tidak
ditambahkan being, tensisnya akan berubah, bukan
progressive/continuous lagi. Perhatikan contoh-contoh pada
poin h o di bawah.
Berdasarkan keenam poin di atas maka passive voice mengikuti
pola sebagai berikut:
Subject + be + Verb3 + by + Object +
modifier
Pola active dan passive voice pada tiap tensis
a. Jika active voice dalam simple present tense, maka be
passive voice-nya adalah is, am atau are.
Contoh:

Active : He meets them everyday.

Passive : They are met by him everyday.

Active : She waters this plant every two days.

Passive : This plant is watered by her every two days.

b. Jika active voice dalam simple past tense, maka be passive
voice-nya adalah was atauwere
Contoh:

Active : He met them yesterday

Passive : They were met by him yesterday

Active : She watered this plant this morning

Passive : This plant was watered by her this morning

c. Jika active voice dalam present perfect tense, maka be
passive voice-nya adalah beenyang diletakkan setelah
auxiliary has atau have, sehingga menjadi has
been atau have been
Contoh:

Active : He has met them

Passive : They have been met by him

Active : She has watered this plant for 5 minutes.

Passive : This plant has been watered by her for 5

minutes.

d. Jika active voice dalam past perfect tense, maka be

passive voice-nya adalah beenyang diletakkan setelah
auxiliary had, sehingga menjadi had been
Contoh:

Active : He had met them before I came.

Passive : They had been met by him before I came.

Active : She had watered this plant for 5 minutes

when I got here

Passive : This plant had been watered by her for 5

minutes when I got here
e. Jika active voice dalam simple future tense, maka be
passive voice-nya adalah be
Contoh:

Active : He will meet them tomorrow.

Passive : They will be met by him tomorrow.

Active : She will water this plant this afternoon.

Passive : This plant will be watered by her this

afternoon.

Active : The farmers are going to harvest the crops

next week

Passive : The crops are going to be harvested by

the farmers next week.
f. Jika active voice dalam future perfect tense, maka be
passive voice-nya adalah beenyang diletakkan setelah
auxiliary will have, sehingga menjadi will have been
Contoh:

Active : He will have met them before I get there

tomorrow.

Passive : They will have been met by him before I

get there tomorrow.

Active : She will have watered this plant before I get

here this afternoon.

Passive : This plant will have been watered by her

before I get here this afternoon.
g. Jika active voice dalam past future perfect tense, maka be
passive voice-nya adalahbeen yang diletakkan setelah
auxiliary would have, sehingga menjadi would have been.
Contoh:

Active : He would have met them.

her.

Passive : They would have been met by him.

Active : She would have watered this plant.
Passive : This plant would have been watered by

h. Jika active voice dalam present continuous tense, maka

be passive voice-nya adalah (is, am atau are) + being.
Contoh:

Active : He is meeting them now.

Passive : They are being met by him now.

Active : She is watering this plant now.

Passive : This plant is being watered by her now.

i. Jika active voice dalam past continuous tense, maka be
passive voice-nya adalah (wasatau were) + being.
Contoh:

Active : He was meeting them.

Passive : They were being met by him.

Active : She was watering this plant.

Passive : This plant was being watered by her.

j. Jika active voice dalam perfect continuous tense, maka be
passive voice-nya adalah (has/have) been + being.
Contoh:

Active : He has been meeting them.

Passive : They have been being met by him.

Active : She has been watering this plant.

Passive : This plant has been being watered by her.

k. Jika active voice dalam past perfect continuous tense,
maka be passive voice-nya adalah had been + being.
Contoh:

Active : He had been meeting them.

Passive : They had been being met by him.

Active : She had been watering this plant.

Passive : This plant had been being watered by her.

l. Jika active voice dalam future continuous tense, maka be
passive voice-nya adalahwill be + being.
Contoh:

Active : He will be meeting them.

Passive : They will be being met by him.

Active : She will be watering this plant.

Passive : This plant will be being watered by her.

m. Jika active voice dalam past future continuous tense,

maka be passive voice-nya adalah would be + being.
Contoh:

Active : He would be meeting them.

Passive : They would be being met by him.

Active : She would be watering this plant.

Passive : This plant would be being watered by her.

n. Jika active voice dalam future perfect continuous tense,
maka be passive voice-nya adalah will have been + being.
Contoh:

Active : He will have been meeting them.

Passive : They will have been being met by him.

Active : She will have been watering this plant.

Passive : This plant will have been being watered

by her.
o. Jika active voice dalam past future perfect continuous
tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah would have been +
being.
Contoh:

Active : He would be meeting them.

Passive : They would be being met by him.

Active : She would be watering this plant.

Passive : This plant would be being watered by her.