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Scripture Reference:
Genesis 6:1 - 9:17
Noah's Ark and the Flood - Story Summary:
God saw how great wickedness had become and decided to wipe
mankind from the face of the earth. However, one righteous man
among all the people of that time, Noah, found favor in God's eyes.
With very specific instructions, God told Noah to build an ark for
him and his family in preparation for a catastrophic flood that would
destroy every living thing on earth.
God also instructed Noah to bring into the ark two of all living
creatures, both male and female, and seven pairs of all the clean
animals, along with every kind of food to be stored for
the animals and his family while on the ark. Noah obeyed
everything God commanded him to do.
After they entered the ark, rain fell on the earth for a period of forty
days and nights. The waters flooded the earth for a hundred and
fifty days, and every living thing on the face of the earth was wiped
out. As the waters receded, the ark came to rest on the mountains
of Ararat. Noah and his family continued to wait for almost eight
more months while the surface of the earth dried out.
Finally after an entire year, God invited Noah to come out of the
ark. Immediately, he built an altar and worshiped the Lord with
burnt offerings from some of the clean animals. God was pleased
with the offerings and promised never again to destroy all the living
creatures as he had just done. Later God established a covenant
with Noah: "Never again will there be a flood to destroy the earth."
As a sign of this everlasting covenant God set a rainbow in the
clouds.
Points of Interest from the Story:
God's purpose in the flood was not to destroy people, but to
destroy wickedness and sin.
With more detail in Genesis 7:2-3, God instructed Noah to take
seven pairs of every kind of clean animal, and two of every kind of
unclean animal. Bible scholars have calculated that approximately
45,000 animals might have fit on the ark.
Genesis 7:16 interestingly points out that God shut them in the
ark, or "closed the door," so to speak.
1
The ark was exactly six times longer than it was wide. According
to the Life Application Bible study notes, this is the same ratio used
by modern ship builders.
In modern times researchers continue to look for evidence of
Noah's Ark.
Question for Reflection:
Noah was righteous and blameless, but he was not sinless (see
Genesis 9:20-21). Noah pleased God and found favor because he
loved and obeyed God with his whole heart. As a result, Noah's
life was an example to his entire generation. Although everyone
around him followed the evil in their hearts, Noah followed God.
Does your life set an example, or are you negatively influenced by
the people around you?
Fossils
Fossils (from Latin fossus, literally "having been dug up") are the
preserved remains or traces of animals (also known as zoolites),
plants, and other organisms from the remote past. The totality of
fossils, both discovered and undiscovered, and their placement
in fossiliferous (fossil-containing) rock formations
and sedimentary layers (strata) is known as the fossil record.
External mold of a bivalve
from the Logan Formation,
Lower Carboniferous, Ohio
2. Bioimmuration
The star-shaped holes (Catellocaula vallata) in this Upper Ordovician bryozoan represent a soft-bodied organism preserved by bioimmuration in the bryozoan skeleton. [22]
Bioimmuration is a type of preservation in which a skeletal organism overgrows or otherwise subsumes another organism, preserving the latter,
or an impression of it, within the skeleton.[23] Usually it is a sessileskeletal organism, such as a bryozoan or an oyster, which grows along
a substrate, covering other sessile encrusters. Sometimes the bioimmured organism is soft-bodied and is then preserved in negative relief as a
kind of external mold. There are also cases where an organism settles on top of a living skeletal organism and grows upwards, preserving the
settler in its skeleton. Bioimmuration is known in the fossil record from the Ordovician [24] to the Recent.[23]
To sum up, fossilization processes proceed differently for different kinds of tissues and under different kinds of conditions.
3. Microfossils
Microfossils about 1 mm
'Microfossil' is a descriptive term applied to fossilized plants and animals whose size is just at or below the level at which the fossil can be
analyzed by the naked eye. A commonly applied cutoff point between "micro" and "macro" fossils is 1 mm, although this is only an approximate
guide. Microfossils may either be complete (or near-complete) organisms in themselves (such as the marine
plankters foraminifera andcoccolithophores) or component parts (such as small teeth or spores) of larger animals or plants. Microfossils are of
critical importance as a reservoir of paleoclimate information, and are also commonly used bybiostratigraphers to assist in the correlation of rock
units.
4. Resin fossils
Fossil resin (colloquially called amber) is a natural polymer found in many types of strata throughout the world, even the Arctic. The oldest fossil
resin dates to the Triassic, though most dates to the Tertiary. The excretion of the resin by certain plants is thought to be an
evolutionary adaptation for protection from insects and to seal wounds caused by damage elements. Fossil resin often contains other fossils
called inclusions that were captured by the sticky resin. These include bacteria, fungi, other plants, and animals. Animal inclusions are usually
small invertebrates, predominantly arthropods such as insects and spiders, and only extremely rarely a vertebrate such as a small lizard.
Preservation of inclusions can be exquisite, including small fragments of DNA.