ELL 100

Exercise 9.6

Figure shows four circuits, labeled ‘1’ through ‘4’, together

with the waveform for the source in each circuit. The figure
also shows four branch-variable waveforms, labelled ‘a’
through ‘d’, that could correspond to the branch current I or
branch voltages v labeled in the circuits. Match the branch
variable waveforms to the appropriate circuit and source
waveform.
Voltage across Capacitor is V Volts
V from graph can be written as
V=V1u(t)
For Capacitor charge is conserved
Q=CV
𝑑𝑄 𝑑(𝐶𝑉) 𝑑𝑉
𝐼= = =𝐶
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡

𝑑𝑉1𝑢(𝑡) 𝑑𝑢(𝑡)
𝐼=𝐶 = 𝑉1 𝐶
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡

𝐼 = 𝑉1𝐶δ(𝑡)
Voltage across Capacitor is V Volts
I=I1(u(t)- u(t-T))
For Capacitor 𝑑𝑣
𝐼=𝐶
𝑑𝑡
1 𝑡
𝑣 𝑡 −𝑣 0 = 𝐼𝑑𝑡
𝐶 0
1 𝑡
𝑣 𝑡 = 𝐼1(𝑢 𝑡 − 𝑢 𝑡 − 𝑇 )𝑑𝑡
𝐶 0
1 𝑡
𝑣 𝑡 = 𝐼1 0 𝑑𝑡 for t<T
𝐶
𝑡 𝑡
1
= 𝐼1( 𝑑𝑡 − 𝑑𝑡) for 𝑡 > 𝑇
𝐶 0 𝑇
 𝑣 0 =0
𝑣 𝑡 = 𝐶𝐼1𝑡 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡 ≤ 𝑇
= 𝐶𝐼1𝑇 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑡 > 𝑇
 Voltage across Inductor is V Volts
V from graph can be written as
V=V1 δ(t)

𝑑𝑖
𝑣=𝐿
𝑑𝑡
1 𝑡 1 𝑡
𝑖 𝑡 − 𝑖(0) = 𝑣𝑑𝑡 = 𝑉1δ(𝑡)𝑑𝑡
𝐿 0 𝐿 0
𝑖 0 =0
𝑉1𝑢(𝑡)
𝑖 𝑡 =
𝐿
 Voltage across Inductor is V Volts
From graph I can be written as
I=(I0+ m*t )u(t)
Where m is the slope of the line
𝑑𝐼
𝑉=𝐿
𝑑𝑡
𝑑(𝐼0𝑢(𝑡) + 𝑚 ∗ 𝑡𝑢(𝑡))
=𝐿
𝑑𝑡
= 𝐿𝐼0δ 𝑡 + 𝐿𝑚(𝑢 𝑡 + 𝑡δ 𝑡 )
= 𝐿𝑚𝑢 𝑡 + (𝐿𝐼0 + 𝐿𝑚𝑡)δ(𝑡)
𝑉 = 𝐿𝑚𝑢 𝑡 + (𝐿𝐼0 + 𝐿𝑚𝑡)δ(𝑡)
 Problem 9.1
A voltage source is connected in series with two capacitors as
shown in Figure. The source voltage is V(t) =5Vu(t), as shown.
If the current I and voltage v are given by i(t) =4µCδ(t) and v(t)
=1Vu(t), again as shown, what are C1 and C2?
 𝑉 𝑡 = 5𝑉𝑢 𝑡
𝑖 𝑡 = 4μ𝐶δ 𝑡
𝑣 𝑡 = 1𝑉𝑢 𝑡
𝑣1 𝑡 = 𝑉 𝑡 − 𝑣 𝑡 = 4𝑉𝑢 𝑡
𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑣1
𝑖 = 𝐶2 𝑖 = 𝐶1
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑢(𝑡) 𝑑𝑢(𝑡)
4μδ 𝑡 = 𝐶2 4μδ 𝑡 = 4𝐶1
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
4μδ 𝑡 = 𝐶2δ 𝑡 4μδ 𝑡 = 4𝐶1δ 𝑡
𝐶2 = 4μ𝐹 𝐶1 = 1μ𝐹
 Problem 9.2
A current source is connected in parallel with two inductors as
shown in Figure. The source current is I(t) =400 A/s u(t), as shown.
If the current i and voltage v are given by i(t) =100 A/s u(t) and
v(t) =0.3 Vu(t), again as shown, what are L1 and L2?
 I(t) = 0 A t<=0
400t A t>0
i(t) = 0 A t<=0
100t A t>0
v(t) =0.3 V u(t)
𝑑𝑖
𝑣 = 𝐿2
𝑑𝑡
𝑑(100𝑡)
0.3 = 𝐿2 = 100𝐿2
𝑑𝑡
𝐿2 = 3 𝑚𝐻
 𝑑(𝐼 − 𝑖)
𝑣 = 𝐿1
𝑑𝑡
𝑑(300𝑡)
0.3 = 𝐿1 = 300𝐿1
𝑑𝑡
𝐿1 = 1 𝑚𝐻
 Problem 9.3
A current source drives a series-connected capacitor and inductor as
shown in Figure 9.64. Let I(t) = I0sin(ωt)u(t), and assume that the
inductor and capacitor both stored no energy prior to t=0. Determine
the voltage v for t ≥0. Is there any relation between I0, ω, C, and L for
which v is constant for t ≥0? If so, state the relation and determine v.
 I(t) = I0sin(ωt)u(t)
𝑑𝐼
𝑣𝐿(𝑡) = 𝐿
𝑑𝑡

𝑑(I0sin(ωt)u(t))
𝑣𝐿(𝑡) = 𝐿
𝑑𝑡

𝑣𝐿(𝑡) = 𝐿 I0cos(ωt)u(t)+ LI0sin(ωt)δ(t))

𝑣𝐿(𝑡) = 𝐿 I0cos(ωt)u(t)
 𝑑𝑣𝐶
𝐼=𝐶
𝑑𝑡
1 𝑡 1 𝑡
𝑣𝐶 𝑡 − 𝑣𝐶(0) = 𝐼𝑑𝑡 = I0sin(ωt)u(t) 𝑑𝑡
𝐶 0 𝐶 0
𝑡
1
= 𝐼0 sin(ωt)𝑑𝑡
𝐶 0
𝐼0
= (−cos(ωt)+ cos(0))
𝐶
𝐼0
= (1−cos(ωt))
𝐶
𝐼0
𝑣𝐶 𝑡 = (1−cos(ωt))
𝐶
 𝑣 𝑡 = 𝑣𝐶 𝑡 + 𝑣𝐿(𝑡)
𝐼0
𝑣 𝑡 = (1−cos(ωt)) +LI0cos(ωt) t>=0
𝐶

𝐼0 1
= +I0cos(ωt)(L− ) t>=0
𝐶 𝐶

For V(t) to be constant

1
L− =0
𝐶
=> LC =1
 Problem 9.5
A constant voltage source having value V drives a time-varying
capacitor as shown in Figure. The time-varying capacitance is given
by C(t) = C0+C1sin(ωt). Determine the capacitor current i(t).
Voltage across Capacitor is V Volts
For Capacitor charge is conserved
Q=CV
𝑑𝑄 𝑑(𝐶𝑉)
𝐼= =
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡

V is constant so

𝑑𝐶 𝑑(C0+C1sin(ωt))
𝐼=𝑉 =𝑉
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡

𝐼(𝑡) = 𝑉𝐶1ω𝑐𝑜𝑠(ωt)