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CONTENTS
PARTICULARS
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER II
SEWING MACHINE
1. INVENTION OF THE SEWING MACHINE
2. HISTORY OF SEWING MACHINE
3. PARTS OF SEWING MACHINE
4. MACHINE TERMINOLOGY
5. MODERN INDUSTRIAL SEWING MACHINES
A. MULTI - NEEDLE PLEAT GAUGE
B. OVERLOCK MACHINE
C. BARTAK SEWING MACHINE
D. BUTTON SEWING MACHINE
E. BUTTON HOLE MACHINE
F. FEED OF THE ARM
6. MEASURING TOOLS
CHAPTER III
SELECTION CRITERIA FOR SMO TRAINEES
1. Page board test
2. Color Blindness
3. Visual Dexterity
CHAPTER - IV - TRAINING OF SEWING MACAHINE OPERATORS
1. PAPER EXERCIESES
Page No.
6
7 To 22
23 To 27
28 To 87
29 to 61
62 To 65
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66 To 87
CHAPTER - V
88 To 90
CHAPTER - VI
91 To 100
CHAPTER - VII
101 To 112
NEEDLE
1. SELECTION OF NEEDLE
2. PART OF THE MACHINE NEEDLS
3. STANDARD NEEDLES
4. TYPE OF NEEDLE AND THEIR USE
5. NEEDLE SIZE AND RELEVANCE OF TYPE OF THE MATERIAL TO BE STICHED
CHAPTER - VIII
113 To 116
CHAPTER - IX
117 To 127
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CHAPTER - X
128 To 132
133 To 226
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CHAPTER XII
227 To 241
CHAPTER XII
MONTHLY SCHEDULE FOR SEWING MACHINE OPERATOR TRAINING PROGRAMME
242 To 243
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CHAPTER - I
INTRODUCTION
Apparel and Textile industry in India is the largest employer after agriculture. It
provides direct employment to 35 million people and another 56 million are engaged in
related activities. Around 14% of industrial production of the country is contributed by the
sector. Indeed the apparel sector place a major role in Indian economy and also in foreign
exchange earnings. Apparel exports contribute approximately 9% in Indias total exports
earnings and accounts for about 4% of world trade in textiles and apparels. It is pertinent to
mention that the apparel sector predominantly consist of Small and Medium Enterprises
(SMEs). With the abolition of quota regime under WTO and opening of markets, there is
competition from many countries to retain the existing global market share and also look for
new markets. India has set a target under 11th plan to earn $ 50 billion through exports of
textiles and apparels. To reach the target Indian apparel industry has to work on many
fronts to be successful in a totally competitive international environment particularly
focusing on factors like development of skilled human resource, quality and productivity,
design development and product diversification and improving lead time and pricing,
effective marketing management.
Indian Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) alone cannot attain competitiveness
without the support of likeminded international partners like German Technical Co
operation (GTZ) to enhance the competitiveness of SMEs. Indeed GTZ is committed under
SME Financing and Development Project for the development of apparel sector and
identified it as the priority sector for intervention.
Against the back ground the GTZ has undertaken the task of MSMEs competency
building through business development services in Readymade garments cluster at
Hyderabad with the support of Orient Craft Fashion Institute of Technology (OCFIT)
particularly in preparing manual for sewing machine operators.
In furtherance of the same, OCFIT with a view to assist development of readymade
garment cluster in Hyderabad focusing around 50 RMGs (16 micro units, 14 small units and
20 medium and large units), studied their working pattern, commercial viability and
prepared this manual to assist the sewing machine operators.
Indeed this manual is prepared based on best international sewing practices world
over with a focus on exports of readymade garments from India through SMEs.
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CHAPTER - II
SEWING MACHINE
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Unlike any others who went before him, he was able to convince the authorities of the
usefulness of his invention and he was eventually given a contract to build a batch of
machines and use them to sew uniforms for the French army. In less than 10 years after the
granting of his patent Thimmonier had a factory running with 80 machines, but then ran
into trouble from Parisian tailors. They feared that, were his machines successful, they
would soon take over from hand sewing, putting the craftsmen tailors out of work.
Late one night a group of tailors stormed the factory, destroying every machine, and causing
Thimmonier to flee for his life. With a new partner he started again, produced a vastlyimproved machine and looked set to go into full-scale production; but the tailors attacked
again. With France in the grip of revolution, Thimmonier could expect little help from the
police or army and fled to England with the one machine he was able to salvage.
He certainly produced the first practical sewing machine, was the first man to offer
machines for sale on a commercial basis and ran the first garment factory. For all that, he
died in the poor house in 1857.
In America a quaker Walter Hunt invented, in 1833, the first machine which did not try to
emulate hand sewing. It made a lock stitch using two spools of thread and incorporated an
eye-pointed needle as used today. But again it was unsuccessful for it could only produce
short, straight, seams.
Nine years later Hunt's countryman, John Greenough, produced a working machine in which
the needle passed completely through the cloth. Although a model was made and exhibited
in the hope of raising capital for its manufacture, there were no takers.
Perhaps all the essentials of a modern machine came together in early 1844 when
Englishman John Fisher invented a machine which although designed for the production of
lace, was essentially a working sewing machine. Probably because of miss-filing at the
patent office, this invention was overlooked during the long legal arguments between Singer
and Howe as to the origins of the sewing machine.
Despite a further flurry of minor inventions in the 1840s, most Americans will claim that the
sewing machine was invented by Massachusetts farmer Elias Howe who completed his first
prototype in 1844 just a short time after Fisher.
A year later it was patented and Howe set about trying to interest the tailoring trade in his
invention. He even arranged a competition with his machine set against the finest hand
sewers in America. The machine won hands down but the world wasn't ready for
mechanized sewing and, despite months of demonstrations, he had still not made a single
sale.
Desperately in debt Howe sent his brother Amasa to England with the machine in the hope
that it would receive more interest on the other side of the Atlantic. Amasa could find only
one backer, a corset maker William Thomas, who eventually bought the rights to the
invention and arranged for Elias to come to London to further develop the machine.
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The two did not work well together, each accusing the other of failing to honor agreements
and eventually Elias, now almost penniless, returned to America. When he arrived home he
found that the sewing machine had finally caught on and that dozens of manufacturers,
including Singer, were busy manufacturing machines -- all of which contravened the Howe
patents.
A long series of law suits followed and were only settled when the big companies, including
Wheeler & Wilson and Grover & Baker, joined together, pooled their patents, and fought as
a unit to protect their monopoly.
Singer did not invent any notable sewing-machine advances, but he did pioneer the hirepurchase system and aggressive sales tactics.
Both Singer and Howe ended their days as multi-millionaires.
So the argument can go on about just who invented the sewing machine and it is unlikely
that there will ever be agreement. What is clear, however, is that without the work of those
long-dead pioneers, the dream of mechanized sewing would never have been realized.
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4. MACHINE TERMINOLOGY
The parts of the lockstitch machine, which are identified below.
Arm
The horizontal part of the head that houses the drive shafts.
Bed
The circular strap that transmits motion from the pulley to the hand
wheel, allowing the machine to operate.
Bobbin Mechanism
The parts - bobbin, bobbin case, and bobbin tension spring - that control
the lower thread and Its tension.
Bobbin winder
The part that fills another bobbin while the machine is stitching.
A small wire spring behind or at the top of the tension discs. It provides
a. small amount of tension on the needle thread and acts as a shock
absorber. On some machines, the check spring is mounted separately.
Faceplate
The cover on the left side of the bead that covers the needle bar and the
presser bar.
The toothed mechanism beneath the presser foot that moves fabric
forward and backward.
Fittings
The parts - presser foot, feed dogs, and throat plate - that control the
cloth during stitching.
Hand wheel
flywheel)
(balance
or
The part that controls the motion of the machine manually and/or
electrically.
Head
The part of the machine above the table, containing the stitching
mechanism.
Heel
A rotating device that hooks the needle thread to carry it around the
bobbin and form the lock on the lockstitch.
A lever mounted at the right under the sewing table to lift and lower the
presser foot with the right knee.
Motor
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Needle
The part that penetrates the fabric. It carries the thread to the hook or
shuttle and up again to make the stitch.
Needle bar
A vertical bar that holds one or more needles and moves the needle up
and down.
Oil gauge
The metal pan. under the head that catches oil, lint and metal shards.
On self-lubricating machines, it holds the oil.
Presser bar
A lever at the back of presser bar to raise and lower the presser foot by
hand. It is used to raise the presser foot when winding a bobbin and
when not stitching.(Its use is discouraged in industrial sewing because it
wastes time and energy).
Presser foot
Pressure regulator
Pretension
A simple tension disc used to regulate the thread so that it will feed into
the tension assembly evenly.
Pulley
The wheel attached to the motor. It transmits motion from the motor to
the hand wheel by means of a leather belt.
Shuttle
An oscillating device that carries the needle thread around the bobbin
and forms the lock on the lockstitch.
A removable cover at the left of the machine bed that bed allows access
to the lower mechanism.
The bottom part of the presser foot that contracts the cloth.
Stand
The hole in the throat plate. The needle carries the thread into the hole
so that it can interlock with the bobbin thread.
Stitch regulator
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Table
The cabinet upon which the bead rests, it generally has a drawer on the
left side.
Take-up lever
The part that first loosens the top thread during the stitch formation,
then removes any slack to set or lock the stitch.
Tension discs
Two concave discs that control the delivery of the upper thread from
the spool to the needle.
The parts that guide the thread from the thread cone (thread eyelets) to
the needle. They smooth the thread and protect it from abrasion.
Thread stand
Throat plate
The smooth surface directly under the presser foot that includes the
stitch hole and surrounds the feed dog. It protects the lower mechanism
from a build-up of excess lint.
Toes (Prongs)
The front end of the presser foot, or the part that faces the oncoming
cloth. It is frequently upturned. On feet such as the zipper foot, cording
foot, and shirring foot, there is only one toe.
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Imperial multi-needle pleat gauges for tuxedo front shirts - both men's
and ladies'.
Several pleat types are available; including exposed and covered types
illustrated above.
Attachments available for Union Special 54400 (type 401 stitch)
machines or 52 Class (type 101 stitch) machine.
Exact finish size and samples are required. Please Submit Samples with
Order.
Both Union Special 54400 and Imperial 52 Class machines also available.
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B. OVERLOCK MACHINE
Type of stitch
Machine speed
Type of motor used
Lock stitch
2500[s.p.m/r.p.m]
Induction motor
Type of lubrication
Oil used
Type of feed
Type of needle
Type of bed
Purpose of machine
Power consumption
Automatic
G2
Different feed
DP X 5
Cylindrical bed
Loops attaching
3/4HP
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Type of stitch
Machine speed
Type of motor used
Lock stitch
2500[s.p.m/r.p.m]
Induction motor
Type of lubrication
Oil used
Type of feed
Type of needle
Type of bed
Purpose of machine
Power consumption
Automatic
G2
Different feed
DP X 5
Cylindrical bed
Loops attaching
3/4HP
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Type of stitch
Machine speed
Type of motor used
Type of lubrication
Oil used
Type of feed
Type of needle
Type of bed
Purpose of machine
Power consumption
Lock stitch
2500[s.p.m/r.p.m]
Induction motor
Automatic
G2
Different feed
DP X 17
Cylindrical bed
Button sewing
3/4HP
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Type of stitch
Machine speed
Type of motor used
Type of lubrication
Oil used
Type of needle
Type of bed
Purpose of machine
Power consumption
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Type of stitch
Machine speed
Type of motor used
Type of lubrication
Oil used
Type of feed
Type of needle
Type of bed
Purpose of machine
Power consumption
Chine stitch
4000[s.p.m/r.p.m]
Clutch motor
Automatic & manuals
G1
Needle feed
TV X 1orTV X 64
Cylindrical bed
Joining sleeves, side of trouser
1/2 HP
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6. MEASURING TOOLS
Paper Scissors
Fabric Scissors
Seam ripper
Measuring Tape
Tracing Wheel
Trimmer
Measuring Scale
Pencil & Eraser
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CHAPTER-III
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The Candidate for the SMO Training Programme must have the minimum
qualification of 8th Standard.
The Candidates age preferably should be between 18 to 25 years.
The objective of the program is to meet the skill requirements of the apparel
industry and to create gainful employment opportunities for rural BPL families in
apparel industry. So, keeping in view the requirements of the industry, the candidate
for the SMO Programme has to pass through the following tests:
1. PEG BOARD TEST
The Peg Board Test is conducted to know the hand movement of the candidate. The Purdue
Pegboard has been used extensively for various applications. It has two types of activity:
one measures gross movements of the hands, fingers, and arms, and the other measures
assembly or fingertip dexterity.
The Peg Board Test consists of a rectangular board that holds cylindrical pegs. The pegs are
approximately two inch (2.5 cm) in height, and are colored red on one side, black on the
other. Two tests were chosen for this research. The peg board test requires subjects to
transfer the pegs from one hole in the tray to another. The peg board test requires subjects
to pick up a peg, transfer it to the other hand while turning it over, and replace it with the
opposite side facing up.
The operator will be given 80 sec of time to complete it. The operator has to complete the
exercises given in the given span of period.
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This plate is designed to separate the type of color defectives and the level to which they
are observed. Most will see the number "26" clearly while some will only see a "2" or a "6"
or no numerals at all.
Can you trace a line from one "X" to the other? Someone with normal color vision will trace
an orange/brown purple line and those with a slight deficiency will follow a different path.
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The operator will be shown 10 figures. Each carries 5 sec of time. The operator must be able
to recognize the Letter or Number which is in the Figure in the given span of time.
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Practice:
Visual Dexterity test is the crucial one which plays major role in knowing the Eye
Coordination of the operator.
Eye coordination is a crucial skill involving how effective we are at translating what our eyes
see into appropriate physical responses, such as anticipating the motion of a line in its way
so that we could find out the exact destiny of the line. The operator will be given two
exercises; each carries 30 sec of time to complete it. The operator has to complete the
exercises given in the given span of period.
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CHAPTER-IV
TRAINING OF SEWING MACHINE OPERATORS
1. PAPER EXERCISES
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A.
EXERCISE 1
DURATION: 6 SECS
START
STOP
MACHINE: SNLS
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Machine:
SNLS
Goal:
Exercise Number :
Exercise :
6 Seconds
Paper Exercise #1
Starting Position:
Illustration:
Security
Hold the paper with the thumb under the paper.
Maintain fingers away from needle at all times.
use glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Do not tear paper.
The stitch line should remain straight and within the
column limits
Ergonomics
Sited in front of the sewing machine.
Both feet on pedal
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Waste
Throw away used paper. Use paper several times
Abilities developed
Pedal control
Straight stitches centered at a 3/8 at maximum velocity.
Use of knee lift to elevate machine foot.
Necessary material
SNLS without thread
Paper exercise #1
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B.
MACHINE: SNLS
EXERCISE 2
DURATION: 6 SECS
START
STOP
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Machine:
SNLS
Goal: 6 Seconds
Exercise Number :
Paper exercise # 2
Illustration:
Security
Hold the paper with the thumb under the paper.
Maintain fingers away from needle at all times.
use glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Do not tear paper.
The stitch line should remain straight and within the
column limits
Ergonomics
Sited in front of the sewing machine.
Both feet on pedal
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C.
EXERCISE 3
DURATION: 10 SECS
START
STOP
MACHINE: SNLS
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Machine:
SNLS
Exercise :
Starting Position:
Goal : 10 Seconds
Exercise Number :
Paper exercise #3
Illustration:
Note:
Security
Hold the paper with the thumb under the paper.
Maintain fingers away from needle at all times.
Use glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Do not tear paper.
The stitch line should remain straight and within
Boundaries.
Ergonomics
Sited in front of the sewing machine.
Both feet on pedal
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
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Waste
Throw away used paper. Use paper several times
Abilities developed
Exact Stops
Straight stitches at maximum velocity centered at
118 margin.
Use of knee lift to elevate machine foot.
Necessary material
SNLS without thread
Paper exercise #3
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D.
MACHINE:SNLS
EXERCISE 4
DURATION: 10 SECS
START
STOP
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Machine:
SNLS
Goal: 10 Seconds
Exercise Number :
Paper exercise:4
Starting Position:
The apprentice should sit facing the sewing machine
with both feet on the pedal and the right knee against
the knee lift. Paper in starting position. No thread in
machine.
Methodology:
The timekeeper starts the chronometer.
Place paper under the machine so that the
dotted line lies directly under the needle.
Sew at maximum speed in a straight line so
that stitches lie over doffed line.
Stop with needle in down position when the
apprentice reaches the square.
Make sure the stitches do not leave the
square.
Lift the foot and turn the paper 90 clockwise.
Lower machines foot and sew towards next
square.
Stop with needle in down position when the
apprentice reaches square.
Lift the foot and turn the paper 90 clockwise.
Sew at maximum speed in a straight line so
that stitches lie over dotted line and stop
when the last
square is reached.
Illustration:
Note:
SECURITY
Hold the paper with the thumb under the paper.
Maintain fingers away from needle at all times.
use glasses. -]
Avoid using lo6se clothing and/or long and loose hair.
QUALITY
Do not tear paper.
Make turns with needle at down position and within
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square
limits.
1/16 Misalignment with dotted line.
ERGONOMICS
Sited in front of the sewing machine.
Both feet on pedal
chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back rest facing forward.
WASTE
Throw away used paper. Use paper several times
ABILITIES DEVELOPED
Exact Stops
Straight stitches at maximum velocity.
Use of push button to control machines foot.
NECESSARY MATERIALS
SNLS without thread
Paper exercise #4
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E.
EXERCISE 5
DURATION: 6 SECS
START
STOP
MACHINE: SNLS
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Machine:
SNLS
Goal: 6 seconds
Exercise Number :
Paper exercise # 5
Illustration:
Security:
Hold the paper with the thumb under the paper.
Maintain fingers away from needle at all times.
Use glasses.
Quality:
Do not tear paper.
Maintain margin at +/-1/16" with respect to line.
Sew without stopping.
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Ergonomics:
Sited in front of the sewing machine.
Both feet on pedal
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back rest facing forward.
Waste:
Throw away used paper. Use paper several times
Abilities Developed:
Sewing curved lines at a constant margin.
Changing direction without stopping.
Use of push button to control machines foot.
Necessary Materials:
SNLS without thread
Paper exercise #5
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F.
MACHINE: SNLS
START
Sewing in Circles
EXERCISE 6
DURATION: 34 SECS
STOP
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Machine:
SNLS
Exercise :
Sewing in Circles
Starting Position:
Goal: 14 seconds
Exercise Number :
Paper exercise # 6
Illustration:
Security
Hold the, paper with the thumb under the paper.
Maintain fingers away from needle at all times.
Use glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Do not tear paper.
Maintain margin at /-l/16 with respect to line.
Sew without stopping.
Ergonomics
Sited in front of the sewing machine.
Both feet on pedal
chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
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Waste
Throw away used paper. Use paper several times
Abilities developed
Sewing curved lines at a constant margin.
Changing direction without stopping.
Use of push button to control machine foot.
Necessary
SNLS without thread
Paper exercise # 6
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G.
MACHINE: SNLS
EXERCISE 7
DURATION: 20 SECS
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Machine:
SNLS
Goal: 20
Seconds
Exercise Number :
Paper exercise # 7
Illustration:
Methodology:
The timekeeper starts the chronometer.
Place paper under the machine so that the dotted line
lies directly under the needle.
Sew at maximum speed in a V- shape line so that
stitches lie over doffed line.
Stop with needle in down position when the apprentice
reaches the V- shape.
Make sure the stitches do not leave the V- shape.
Lift the foot and turn the paper 90 clockwise.
Lower machines foot and sew towards next V- shape .
Stop with needle in down position when the apprentice
reaches V- shape .
Lift the foot and turn the paper 60 clockwise.
Sew at maximum speed in a straight line so that stitches
lie over dotted line and stop when the last
V- shape is reached.
Lift foot and place paper to start second cycle
Place paper under the machine so that the dotted line
lies directly under the needle.
Lower machines foot.
stop chronometer when the machines foot is lowered
Note:
Security
Hold the paper with the thumb under the paper.
Maintain fingers away from needle at all times.
use glasses. -]
Avoid using lo6se clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Do not tear paper.
Make turns with needle at down position and within square
limits.
1/16 Misalignment with dotted line.
Ergonomics
Sited in front of the sewing machine.
Page | 48
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H.
MACHINE: SNLS
Sewing curves
EXERCISE 8
DURATION: 20 SECS
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Machine:
SNLS
Exercise :
Sewing curves
Starting Position:
Goal: 20 Seconds
Exercise Number :
Paper exercise # 8
Illustration:
Security
Hold the, paper with the thumb under the paper.
Maintain fingers away from needle at all times.
Use glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Do not tear paper.
Maintain margin at /-l/16 with respect to line.
Sew without stopping.
Ergonomics
Sited in front of the sewing machine.
Both feet on pedal
chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back rest facing forward.
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Waste
Throw away used paper. Use paper several times
Abilities developed
Sewing curved lines at a constant margin.
Changing direction without stopping.
Use of push button to control machine foot.
Necessary materials
SNLS without thread
Paper exercise # 8
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I.
MACHINE: O/L
EXERCISE 9
DURATION: 10 SECS
Page | 53
Machine:
O/L
Goal: 10 Seconds
Exercise Number :
Paper exercise # 9
Illustration:
Security
Hold the paper with the thumb under the paper.
Maintain fingers away from needle at all times.
Use glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Do not tear paper.
The stitch line should remain straight and within
Boundaries.
Ergonomics
Sited in front of the sewing machine.
Left feet on pedal & right feet on lifter.
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Page | 54
Waste
Throw away used paper. Use paper several times
Abilities developed
Exact Stops
Straight stitches at maximum velocity centered at
118 margin.
Use of knee lift to elevate machine foot.
Necessary material
O / L without thread
Paper exercise #9
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J.
MACHINE: O/L
O / L Exact stop
EXERCISE 10
DURATION: 20 SECS
Page | 56
Machine:
O/L
Goal: 20 Seconds
Exercise Number :
Paper exercise # 10
Illustration:
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Waste
Throw away used paper. Use paper several times
Abilities developed
Exact Stops
Straight stitches at maximum velocity centered
at 118 margin.
Use of knee lift to elevate machine foot.
Necessary material
O / L without thread
Paper exercise #9
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K.
MACHINE: O/L
Sewing curves
EXERCISE 11
DURATION: 15 SECS
Page | 59
Machine:
SNLS
Exercise :
Sewing curves
Starting Position:
Goal: 20 Seconds
Exercise Number :
Paper exercise # 11
Illustration:
The apprentice should sit facing the sewing machine with left
feet on the pedal and the right feet on the lifter. Paper in
starting position. No thread in machine.
Methodology:
The timekeeper starts the chronometer.
Place paper under the machine so that the line lies
directly under the pressure foot.
Sew at maximum speed in a line within boundaries.
Stop with the pedal at the end of the straight line
with the needle and turn to 120 and stitch
correspondingly..
Make sure the stitches do not leave the rectangle.
Lift the machines foot and slide paper so that the
second line lies directly under the pressure foot.
Stop with the pedal once the apprentice has
reached the end of the line, keeping in the top
position.
Lift the machines foot and slide paper so that the
third dotted line lies directly under the pressure
foot.
The chronometer is stopped once the paper is
placed under the third dotted line.
Security
Hold the paper with the thumb under the paper.
Maintain fingers away from needle at all times.
Use glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Do not tear paper inside of the lines..
The stitch line should remain straight and within
Boundaries.
Ergonomics
Sited in front of the sewing machine.
Left feet on pedal & right feet on lifter.
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back rest facing forward.
Page | 60
Waste
Throw away used paper. Use paper several times
Abilities developed
Exact Stops
Straight stitches at maximum velocity centered at
118 margin.
Use of knee lift to elevate machine foot.
Necessary material
O / L without thread
Paper exercise #8
Page | 61
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Page | 63
Place the bobbin in the case taking care of the winding direction of the thread.(The
bobbin should turn in the direction of arrow B when the thread is pulled in the
direction of arrow A)
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C. Bobbin winding
1) Route the thread in the order of A, B, and C, and then wind it round the bobbin several times.
2) Set bobbin presser 1 down to make the winder come in contact with the belt.
3) Adjust adjustment screw 2 of the amount of bobbin thread to be wound round the bobbin so that
the
bobbin is wound with thread about 80%.Turn the adjustment screw 2 clockwise to increase the
bobbin
thread amount or counterclockwise to decrease it.
4) If thread is wound unevenly, move winder tension adjust base 3 to the right or left until it is
correctly
positioned.
5) The moment the bobbin has been wound up, the bobbin presser is released, and the bobbin
winder will
stop automatically.
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3. FABRIC EXERCISES
TRAINING OF SEWING MACHINE OPERATORS
Page | 66
DURATION: 15 SECS
6
6 X 6
Seam Type
Page | 67
Machine:
SNLS
Exercise:
Starting Position:
Goal:15 Seconds
Exercise Number :
Fabric Exercise #1
Illustration:
Page | 68
forward.
Waste
Use fabric various times while practicing.
Abilities Developed
Sewing in a straight line at maximum speed.
Pedal control.
Consistency in margins.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 thread cone
2 bobbins.
6 x 6 fabric
Scissors
Page | 69
DURATION: 18 SECS
6
6 X 6
Seam Type
Page | 70
Machine:
SNLS
Exercise :
Starting Position:
Goal: 18 Seconds
Exercise Number :
Fabric Exercise #2
Illustration:
The apprentice should sit facing the sewing machine with both
feet on the pedal and the right knee against the knee lift, Place
fabric close to the apprentice.
Methodology:
The timekeeper starts the chronometer.
Take fabric with LH and scissors with RH
simultaneously.
Move fabric to the front, and lift machine foot. Place
fabric under foot and up to guide at a margin.
Lower machine foot,
Sew at maximum speed until the first edge, respecting
the margin of (+-1/16).
Stop with the needle at the lowest position exactly
1/4 from the edge.
Lift machine foot and turn fabric counterclockwise.
Lower machine foot.
Sew at maximum speed until the second edge,
respecting the margin of 1/4 (+-1/16).
Stop with the needle at the lowest position exactly
from the edge.
Lift machine foot and turn fabric counterclockwise,
Lower machine foot.
Sew at maximum speed until the third edge,
respecting the margin of (+-1/16).
stop with the needle at the lowest position exactly %
from the edge,
Lift machine foot and turn cloth counterclockwise,
Lower machine foot.
Sew at maximum speed until the fourth edge,
respecting the margin of (+-1/16)
Stop when fabric leaves the machine and cut threads.
Take fabric with LH and scissors with RH and cut
threads,
Timekeeper stops the chronometer.
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Quality
Maintain a margin of 1/4 (+-1/16).
Ergonomics
chair and Machineat a comfortable height. Back rest facing
forward.
Page | 71
Waste
Use fabric various times while practicing.
Abilities Developed
Sewing in a straight line at maximum speed.
Pedal control.
Consistency in margins.
Exact stops.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 thread cone
2 bobbins.
6 x 6 fabric
Scissors
Page | 72
DURATION: 21 SECS
Seam Type
Page | 73
Machine:
SNLS
Goal: 12 Seconds
Exercise Number :
Fabric Exercise #3
Illustration:
Sit straight with two feet on the treadle. Keep the trimmer so
as to access easily.
Methodology:
Pick two pieces of the fabrics one with each hand.
Align the fabric while moving to the needle.
Place the fabric under the needle! 1/4 from its top &
1/4 from its side. Start sewing, with back tack
Stop sewing at 1/4 from the bottom edge with
needle down. Turn the fabric CCW 90 deg & start
sewing in the same way for next 3 sides.
When sewing the 4th side! Stop where the stitch has
started & back tack (3 to 4 stitches).
Security
Keep away fingers from the needle.
Quality
Perfect alignment & regular stitch margin of 1/4 Sharp corners.
Number of back tack stitches. Avoid fullness.
Ergonomics
Keep two bundles one on each side of the body.
Waste
Abilities Developed
Completely set SNLS machine.6 x 6 fabric pieces.
Page | 74
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread cone
2 Bobbins
6 x 6 fabric
scissors
Page | 75
DURATION: 21 SECS
12
Seam Type
Page | 76
Machine:
SNLS
Exercise :
Starting Position:
Goal:14 Seconds
Exercise Number :
Fabric Exercise #4
Illustration:
The apprentice should sit facing the sewing machine with both
feet on the pedal and the right knee against the knee lift, Place
fabric close to the operator.
Methodology:
The timekeeper starts the chronometer.
Take corners of fabric with both hands.
Lift machine root.
Place fabric under foot and up to guide at a
margin.
Lower machine foot.
Sew at maximum speed until the first edge, respecting
the margin of (+-1/16)).
Stop with the needle at the lowest position exactly
from the edge.
Lift machine foot and turn fabric counterclockwise
with LH.
Lower machine foot.
Sew at maximum speed until the second edge,
respecting the margin of (+-1/16)
Stop with the needle at the lowest position exactly
1/4 from the edge.
Lift machine foot and turn fabric counterclockwise.
Lower machine foot.
Sew at maximum speed until the third edge,
respecting the margin of 1/4 (+.l/16).
Stop when fabric leaves the machine and cut threads.
Take fabric with LH and scissors with RH and cut
threads.
Timekeeper stops the chronometer.
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Maintain a margin of 1/4 (+-1/16).
Ergonomics
chair and Machine at a comfortable height. Back rest facing
forward.
Page | 77
Waste
Use fabric various times while practicing.
Abilities Developed
Sewing in a straight line at maximum speed.
Pedal control.
Consistency in margins.
Exact stops.
Joining and handling of large pieces
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 thread cone
2 bobbins.
6 x 6 fabric
Scissors
Page | 78
E. 12 X 6 Top stitch
MACHINE: SNLS
DURATION: 14 SECS
12
Seam Type
Page | 79
Machine:
SNLS
Exercise :
12 X 6 Top stitch
Starting Position:
Goal: 14 Seconds
Exercise Number :
Fabric Exercise #5
Illustration:
Security
When placing the fabric under needle, needle should be up.
Quality
Alignment should be proper; stitch should be straight; stitch
margin of 1/4.
Ergonomics
. Trimmers should be small but easy to handle and operate.
Waste
While cutting the thread dont pull more thread.
Abilities Developed
Alignment of parts;
Maintaining the margin without the help of guides
Stopping the machine where ever we want with
needle down.
Hands and eye coordination for faster turning of parts.
Page | 80
Necessary Materials
12x12 Fabric
Trimmer.
Page | 81
F.
Backtack 6x 1`2
MACHINE: SNLS
EXERCISE: BACKTACK
6 12 X 12
DURATION: 20SECS
12
Seam Type
Page | 82
Machine:
SNLS
Exercise :
Backtack 6x 1`2
Starting Position:
Goal: 15 Seconds
Exercise Number :
Fabric Exercise #6
Illustration:
Place the fabric on your lap, pick up using both hands, let
both feet be on the treadle.
Methodology:
This exercise is carried on the fabric which comes
from the exercise 12x6 top stitch.
Initial markings have to be done on the fabric for
backtacking.
For this fold the given fabric, such that both edges
coincide and crease at the center. Now fold on
the folded fabric, such
that edges coincides & crease.
When the folded fabric is opened, it looks as
indicated in sketch[2].
Now you see three crease lines at A.B,C. Mark
3/8 above and creased line.(A).Repeat above
said step for B and c.
The fabric is ready for backtacking.
Places at which back tacking have to be carried
out are indicated in sketch 4.
Backtack at point-I and sew tilt pcint-2 and at
potnt-2 backtack and sew till -3 and at point-4
backtack and sew till point-5 backtack & stop.
Now the fabric should be as shown in sketch (5J.
At point-5 stop and cut the thread using clipper
and dispose.
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Line sewn should be straight and length of backtacking
should be within the boundary with an allowance of one
stitch on either side, i.e. half a stitch outside or inside the
band is ok, no more
Ergonomics
chair and Machine at a comfortable height. Back rest facing
forward.
Waste
Use fabric various times while practicing.
Page | 83
Abilities Developed
Sewing in a straight line at maximum speed.
Pedal control.
Cutting, Disposing and Stacking.
Exact stops.
Backtacking only within the boundary marked
Necessary Materials
SNLS
Thread
Bobbin
12 x 6 fabric
Scissors
Page | 84
G. Baste 6 X 6 in Chain
MACHINE: SNLS
1/2
DURATION: 18SECS
5
Seam Type
Page | 85
Machine:
SNLS
Exercise :
Baste 6 X 6 in Chain
Starting Position:
Goal: 30 Seconds
Exercise Number :
Fabric Exercise #7
Illustration:
The apprentice should sit facing the sewing machine with both
feet on the pedal and the right knee against the knee lift, Place
fabric close to the operator.
Methodology:
The timekeeper starts the chronometer.
Take fabric with LH.
Fold fabric lightly on one side.
Move towards machine foot.
Lift machine foot.
Verify the fold is .
Place fabric under foot and up to guide at a margin.
Lower machine foot.
Sew fabric with rhythm guiding it with the RH while the LH
takes another fabric.
Repeat the previous instructions until 5 pieces are sewn.
Take fabric with LH and scissors with RH and cut threads.
Timekeeper stops the chronometer.
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
The needle.
Use safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Maintain a margin of (+-1/16)
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height. Back rest facing
forward.
Waste
Use fabric various times while practicing.
Page | 86
Abilities Developed
Exact stops.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread cone
2 Bobbins
6 x 6 fabric
Scissors
Page | 87
CHAPTER - V
MEASUREMENTS AND SIZE CHART
Page | 88
1.
CIRCUMFERENCE MEASUREMENTS
GRADE:
SIZE:
1
2
3
4
5
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
Bust:
Waist;
Abdomen:
Hip:
UPPER TORSO (bodice):
Center length:
Front
Back
Full length:
Front
Back
Shoulder slope:
Front
Back
Strap:
Front
Bust depth:
Bust radius
Bust span:
Side length:
Back neck:
Shoulder length:
Across shoulder:
Front
Back
Across chest:
Across back:
Bust arc:
Back arc:
Waist arc:
Front
Back
Dart placement:
LOWER TORSO (Skirt/Pant):
Abdominal arc:
Front
Back
Hip arc:
Front
Back
Crotch depth:
Hip depth:
Center front
Center back
Side hip depth:
Waist to ankle:
Waist to Floor:
Waist to Knee:
Crotch Length
Vertical Trunk
1"
6
34
24
32 1/2
35 1/2
1"
8
35
25
33 1/2
36 1/2
10
36
26
34 1/2
37 1/2
1 1/2"
12
37 1/2
27 1/2
36
39
1 1/2"
14
39
29
37 1/2
40 1/2
1 1/2"
16
40 1/2
30 1/2
39
42
2"
18
42 1/2
32 1/2
41
44
14 1/2
16 3/4
14 3/4
17
15
17 1/4
15 1/4
17 1/2
15 1/2
17 3/4
15 3/4
18
16
18 1/4
17
17 1/4
17 3/8
17 5/8
17 3/4
18
18 1/8
18 3/8
18 1/2
18 3/4
18 7/8
19 1/8
19 1/4
19 1/2
16 1/2
16 1/4
17
16 2/3
17 1/4
17 1/8
17 4/5
17 4/7
18 1/4
18
18 2/3
18 4/9
19 1/8
18 7/8
9 1/2
9
2 3/4
3 1/2
8 1/4
2 3/4
5 1/8
9 3/4
9 1/8
2 7/8
3 5/8
8 3/8
2 7/8
5 1/5
10
9 1/4
3
3 3/4
8 1/2
3
5 1/4
10 3/8
9 3/8
3 1/8
3 7/8
8 5/8
3 1/8
5 3/8
10 3/4
9 1/2
3 1/4
4
8 3/4
3 1/4
5 1/2
11 1/8
9 5/8
3 3/8
4 1/8
8 7/8
3 3/8
5 5/8
11 5/8
10
3
4
9
3
5 4/5
7 1/4
7 3/8
6
6 3/4
9 1/4
8 1/2
7 3/8
7 1/2
61/4
6 7/8
9 1/2
8 3/4
7 1/2
7 5/8
6 3/8
7
9 3/4
9
7 2/3
7 4/5
6 4/7
7 1/5
10 1/8
9 3/8
7 7/8
8
6 3/4
7 3/8
10 1/2
9 3/4
8
8 1/5
7
7 4/7
10 7/8
10 1/8
8 1/3
8 4/9
7 1/5
7 4/5
11 3/8
10 5/8
6 1/4
5 3/4
3
6 1/2
6
3 1/8
6 3/4
6 1/4
3 1/4
7 1/8
6 5/8
3 3/8
7 1/2
7
3 1/2
7 7/8
7 3/8
3 5/8
8 3/8
7 7/8
3
8 1/4
7 1/2
8 1/2
7 3/4
8 3/4
8
9 1/8
8 3/8
9 1/2
8 3/4
9 7/8
9 1/8
10 3/8
9 5/8
8 1/2
9
9 1/2
8 3/4
9 1/4
9 3/4
9
9 1/2
10
9 1/4
9 7/8
10 1/4
9 1/2
10 1/4
10 1/2
10 1/8
10 5/8
10 3/4
10 5/8
11 1/8
11
8 1/2
8 1/4
8 3/4
37
39
22 1/2
24 1/2
60
8 3/4
8 1/2
9
37 1/2
39 1/2
22 5/8
25 1/4
61
9
8 3/4
9 1/4
38
9 1/4
9
9 1/2
38 1/2
40
23 3/8
26 3/4
63 1/2
9 1/2
9 1/4
93/4
39
40
23 3/4
27 1/2
65
9 3/4
9 1/2
10
39 1/2
41 1/2
24 1/8
28 1/4
66 1/2
10
9
10
40
42
24
29
68
23
26
62
Page | 89
28
29
30
31
Upper Thigh
Mid Thigh
Knee
Calf
Ankle
19 1/2
17
13
11
9 1/2
20 1/4
17 1/2
13 1/2
11 1/2
9 3/4
21
18
14
12
10
22
18 3/4
14 1/2
12 1/2
10 1/4
23
19 1/2
15
13
10 1/2
24
20 1/4
15 1/2
13 1/2
10 3/4
25
21
16
14
11
AGE GROUP
CHEAST
WAIST
WAIST
LENGTH
ACROSS
BACK
SHORT
SLEEVE
LONG
SLEEVE
FULL
LENGTH
HIP
3-9
MOUNTHS
19''
19''
6''
8''
2 3/4''
6 1/2''
14''
18''
1YEARS
20''
19''-20''
7''
8 1/2''
3''
7''
16''
20''
2YEARS
21''
20''-21''
8''
8 3/4''
3 1/4''
8''
16''
22''
3YEARS
22''
21''
9''
9''
3 1/2''
8 3/4''
20''
24''
4YEARS
23''
22''
9 1/2''
9 1/2''
4''
9 1/2''
20 1/2''
25''
5YEARS
24''
23''
10''
10''
4 1/2''
11''
22''
26 1/2''
6YEARS
24 1/2''
24 1/2''
10 1/2''
10 1/2''
4 3/4''
11 1/2''
22 1/2''
27''
7YEARS
25''
25''
11''
11''
5''
12''
23-24''
27 1/2''
8YEARS
26''
25''
11 1/2''
11 1/2''
5 1/2''
12 1/2''
24 1/2''
28''
9YEARS
27''
25''
12''
12''
6''
13''
26 1/2''
28 1/0''
10 YEARS
28''
26''
12 1/2''
12 1/2''
6 1/2''
13 1/2''
26 1/2-27 ''
29''
11YEARS
28''
28 1/2''
13''
13''
7''
14''
27''
30''
12-13YEARS
14-15 YEARS
16-17 YEARS
18-19 YEARS
CHEAST
30''
32''
34''
35''
WAIST
24''
25''
25 1/2''
26''
CENTER
BACK
12 1/2''
13''
13 1/2''
14''
WAIST
LENGTH
12 1/2''
13 1/2''
14 1/2''
15''
HIP
32''
34''
36''
37''
SLEEVE
LENGTH
16 1/2''
17''
17 1/2''
18''
Page | 90
CHAPTER - VI
MACHINE MAINTAINANCE & SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Page | 91
A. Safety- Rules
Safety is important to everyone and it is your responsibility to maintain a safe working place.
To maintain a safe environment, learn these safety rules and practice them at all times.
When in doubt, ask the instructor
Report any injuries or accidents immediately to the instructor.
Report a breakage to a tool or machine to the instructor. If the equipment does not operate
properly, notify the instructor immediately.
Wipe up any oil specified on the floor immediately to prevent anyone from slipping.
Keep aisles clear at all times.
Operate only the machines you have been trained to operate.
Operate machine. only when the instructor or laboratory assistant is present.
Operate machines only with permission.
Always inspect the machine before starting to work. Be sure it is clean and threaded
correctly, with no loose threads on the pulley belt and all guards in place.
Make only adjustments you have been trained to perform. Otherwise, as the instructor.
When sewing on a power machine, wear low shoes and close-fitting clothing. Avoid loose
fitting sleeves, sweaters, jewelry, ties, and ribbons when operating the machine. If your hair
is long, tie it back.
Always practice proper posture to reduce fatigue, help prevent accidents and increase
efficiency. If possible, adjust the chair height 5) that your feet rest flat on the floor.
Do not I your chair forward or toward while operate he machine.
Use both hands to raise and lower the machine head.
Always keep your head above the table.
Keep your feet off the treadle when you are setting or threading the needle.
Turn the motor off before you are not stitching.
Turn the motor off before cleaning, Oiling or adjusting the machine.
Page | 92
Turn the motor off before removing or replacing the pulley belt and run the machine out.
Waft until all motion has stopped.
Turn the motor off in case of an emergency or when in doubt.
Turn the motor off before unplugging the machine.
When unplugging the machine, hold onto the plug, not the cord.
Do not use your hand to stop and start the hand wheel.
Use your hand only to set the hand wheel.
Before operating the machine, close the slide bed cover.
Before operating the machine, be sure the needle is properly set and the bobbin is properly
placed.
When operating the machine, do not be careless~
When operating the machine, do not talk with your colleagues.
When operating the machine, keep your attention on your work and hands.
When operating the machine, keep your hands at a safe distance from the needle.
When operating the machine, keep your hands, scissors, and other sharp objects away from
the belt.
Keep the machine and work station clean with an tools in the side drawer.
Use the proper needle for the job.
Do not stitch over pins or put them in your mouth.
When the machine is not in use, lower the foot and needle.
Three-way plugs are a safety feature on the machines. Do not cut off the ground prong.
Unplug the machine at the end of the day.
Know the location of the main power switch, outlets, and fuses in case of an emergency.
Do not remove any safety devices from the machines.
Turn off the iron at the of the class.
Always place the iron on the iron pad to avoid scorching the ironing board cover.
Always place the industrial iron flat on the iron pad to avoid knocking it over.
Page | 93
Page | 94
skin or swallow any of such liquid by mistake, immediately wash the contacted areas and
consult a medical doctor.
Tampering with the live parts and devices, regardless of whether the machine is powered, is
prohibited.
Repair, remodeling and adjustment works must only be done by appropriately trained
technicians or
trained
personnel.
Page | 95
Page | 96
Stitch length
Setting
301
1mm
301
1.5mm
301
2mm
301
2.5mm
301
3mm
301
4mm
No. of Stitches
per inch
Balanced Tension
balance tension or
is balanced, the threads
perfect or balanced stitch.
and there is no seam grin
balanced stitch is
interlock in the middle
The seam is flat and
when the seam is
If there is too much pressure on the tension discs, not enough thread is fed into the stitching and the
tension is right. The material puckers the seam is strained, and the stitches break. If there is too little
pressure, too much thread is fed, the tension is too loose, and the seam is loose and weak.
When the tension on the top, or needle, thread is too tight or the tension on the bottom or bobbin
thread is too loose, the top thread lies along the surface of the material and the bobbin thread forms
loops on the top.
Page | 97
When the tension on the top, or needle, thread is too loose or the bottom, or bobbin, thread is too
tight, the bottom thread lies along the underside of the material and the top thread forms loops on
the underside.
The bobbin case tension screw, which is located on the bobbin case controls the tightness of the
bobbin case spring. These controls increase or decrease the amount of pressure on the threads as
they fed through the machine.
Because the structure, texture, thickness, density, and resiliency of the material and the size and
type of the thread affect the tension, the tension settings will vary with the material and the thread
size and type. Test the tension before beginning a garment or sewing with a different fabric, thread,
or machine.
1. Identity the upper tension regulator and the bobbin case tension screw.
2. Set the stitch length for 2 mm (128P1). Turn the upper tension regulator to the right 1/4 to
1/2 turn.
3. Fold one muslin rectangle in half crosswise and stitch on the straight grain about 1/2 from
the edge.
4. Examine the stitching to determine whether the stitching is balanced or unbalanced. If the
needle tension is tight the needle thread lies flat on the top ply and loops of the bobbin
Page | 98
thread are visible, If the bobbin tension Is tight, the bobbin thread lies flat and the loops of
the needle thread are visible.
5. Adjust the bobbin tension first. To determine if it needs an adjustment, place the filled
bobbin In the bobbin case. Hold the end of the bobbin thread and jerk the thread slightly. It
should drop several Inches. If it slides freely down the thread, it needs more tension; if
doesnt slide, it needs less.
a. If it needs an adjustment, use a small screwdriver to loosen the screw on the bobbin
case. For more tension, turn the screw in small increments and no more than 1/4
turn between tests.
b. Caution: The bobbin case screw is very short and will fall out if turned too far.
6. To adjust the needle thread tension turn the tension regulator to the left to loosen it; turn it
to the right to tighten.
7. Adjust the tensions only as needed until the stitch is balanced.
8. Experiment with stitching on a variety of fabrics.
Machine Maintenance
In the apparel industry, a clean, well-oiled machine is essential for safety and good performance, the
same is true in the classroom. Generally cleanliness is the responsibility of the operators, including
students who use the machines. The machines are given a quick cleaning after every eight hours of
operation and a thorough cleaning once a week. When sewing materials that produce a lot of lint,
the machines are cleaned more frequently.
Machine maintenance is also important in preventing stitching faults. Although stitching faults can
be caused by the material, machine, or operator, most can be corrected by cleaning the machine, rethreading it, and/or changing the needle.
In most plants, a quick cleaning is done by the operators once a day, but the responsibility for the
more thorough cleaning varies from plant to plant. In some factories, it is done by the operators on
Friday afternoon. In others, it is done by a mechanic - often, when the operators are not working.
Materials/Supplies
Page | 99
Caution: Before cleaning any machine, turn off the machine and run it out.
1. Open the slide and remove the bobbin case, and then remove the throat plate. Occasionally
remove the face plate from the left end of the head.
2. Brush or blow away any lint, dust, or loose threads in the area around the feed dogs and
rotary hook or shuttle. Do not use anything hard, such as a screw driver or scissor points, to
remove the lint. When cleaning the over lock machine, open the cloth plate and looper
cover to blow out any lint in those areas. On the blind stitch machine, open the plate to
expose and clean the area around the spreader.
3. Turn the hand wheel manually to expose any areas that might have been hidden initially;
brush again.
4. Carefully tilt the machine head back until the head rests on the post on the back of the table.
5. Brush out any lint, dust, or threads in the lower part of the machine. Use a rag to remove
any lint on the machines mechanism, excess oil in the pan, and, if appropriate, the oil pump
screen.
6. If the machine is not self-oiling, consult the manual for oiling directions. If the manual is not
available, place one drop of oil on each moving part on the lower mechanism.
7. Press the knee lift to the right and lower the machine head into position.
8. Replace all plates and screws.
9. Oil the upper mechanism by placing a c p of oil in each oil bole
10. Replace the bobbin case.
11. Check the needle to be sure it is clean and the eye is not clogged.
12. Replace the needle if necessary.
13. Wipe away any excess oil or dust on the head, machine bed, thread stand, motor, table and
stand.
14. If there is lint between the tension discs and in the thread guides, use thread to floss the
tension discs and remove any lint.
15. If you have oiled the machine, sew on a few scraps to remove any excess oil.
16. Wash your hands after cleaning and oiling the machine.
17. At the end of the day, put a piece of stitching patch under the foot, lower the foot, cover the
machine, and pick up any trash.
Page | 100
CHAPTER - VII
NEEDLE
Page | 101
1. SELECTION OF NEEDLE
Basic Skills
To use Industrial machinery efficiently, you should be able to select and set a needle; adjust
the stitch length regulator, pressure regulator, and knee lift; Identify balanced tension and adjust as
needed; and select appropriate thread.
Page | 102
Page | 103
Page | 104
11. Short groove: A short channel immediately above the needle eye. Located on the side opposite
the long groove, it is a guide for the needle thread and protects it from abrading when passing
through the material.
Needle Selection
Once the needle system type Is determined, the needle selection - its needle point and size depends primarily on the characteristics of the fabric, but also on the thread, seam type,
and stitch type.
Needle point
The needle point is determined by the fabric weight and its structure. Round points have a conical
shape designed to spread the yarns without breaking them; they are used for most woven and many
knitted materials.
Ballpoint needles have a rounded point and range from light to heavy. They are generally used for
knits and stretch fabrics and sometimes for button sewing because they center most misaligned
buttons and do not cut existing stitches.
Cutting points have sharp cutting edges; they are used on leather, suede, and neoprene.
Needle Size
The needle size can be as small as 60 (0-6mm) or as large as 250 (2.5 mm). The metric size describes
the diameter of the needle blade in hundredths of a millimeter. The needle size is determined by the
thread size.
If the needle is too fine, it will abrade the thread bend, break, affect the loop formation, and cause
skipped stitches. if it is too course, it will damage the fabric, produce an unattractive seam, cause the
seam to pucker, affect the loop formation, and cause skipped stitches.
Generally the best choice is the smallest size that will not skip stitches.
Round point
Ball point
Leather point
Page | 105
3. STANDARD NEEDLES
The configuration of these needles is based on the particular fabric to be sewn.
Universal needle
Page | 106
Microtex
and
sharp
needles
Has
an
acute
point.
Leather needle
Uses: Excellent for sewing natural
leather.
Configuration: Has slight cutting point
(almost like an arrowhead).
Handicap/self-threading needle
Decorative needles
The configuration is designed to wed thread to fabric for surface embellishment.
Page | 107
Topstitching needle
Embroidery needle
Uses: Topstitching.
Metallic needle
Quilting needle
Special-purpose needles
These needles are used only with front-to-back threading machines with zigzag features. Make sure
your throat-plate needle hole is wide enough to accommodate needle's width, and zigzag width
function is set at zero to prevent sideways movement.
Page | 108
Triple needle
Spring needle
Page | 109
Needle
System
DP X 5
DB X 1
DC X 1 or DC X
27
DC X 1 or DC X
27
DP X 5
TQ X 1 or TV X 7
10
TQ X 1 or TV X 7
11
UY X 1 or GAS
12
TV X 1 or TV X 7
13
TV X 1 or TV X 7
14
LW X 6T
Page | 110
Needle Size
Type Of Material
#9 to #11
#14 to #16
#18 to #20
#22& onwards
Page | 111
Delicate fabric
Even after rounding of teeth tip damage may be caused to rubber coated feed dog with no
sharp teeth at all may be used
STANDARD ADJUSTMENTS:
I)
Page | 112
CHAPTER - VIII
SEWING THREAD AND SELECTION CRITERIA
Page | 113
Sewing thread is usually less than 1/1000th of the weight of apparel, but it carries more one
half the responsibilities for its performance
THREAD SELECTION
FACTORES IN THREAD SELECTION
Thread Properties
Threads are used to form the stitches that hold the fabric parts Together. They can be
described by fiber type, constriction, and size
Fiber Type
Threads can be made from a single fiber type such as cotton, linen, silk, rayon, nylon,
polyester, or rubber or from a combination of fibers such as cotton/polyester.
Page | 114
Glace threads are treated with wax and special chemicals for a hard, glossy finish. They are stronger,
more resistant to abrasion, and stiffer than other cotton threads. They are available in a limited
color selection and used for gathering and for sewing heavy materials, leather, vinyl, and canvas.
Mercerized threads are treated with a caustic solution to create a smooth, strong, lustrous
thread. They are frequently used on cotton garments that will be dyed.
Linen and silk threads are rarely used in production because of their high cost.
Synthetic threads
The most common synthetic threads, polyester and nylon, were developed to perform well
on synthetic fabrics and withstand the chemicals and heat of durable press treatments. Compared to
cotton threads of the same size, they are stronger, more resistant to abrasion, mildew and
ultraviolet radiation, and have less shrinkage.
Combination fibers
One of the most common threads in use today is a combination of cotton and polyester, which
combines the sew ability of cotton with polyesters strength and resistance to abrasion.
Thread construction
Although there are a variety of thread constructions, most threads used in garments are twisted,
core spun, monofilament, or textured.
Twisted threads
All natural fibers, with the exception of silk, begin with fibers - short lengths of staple, which
are twisted together to make a single-ply thread. Then two or more plies are twisted together in the
reverse direction to make a sewing thread with a balanced. Twist Without this balance, the thread
could not be controlled.
Twist Direct
Z - Twist
S - Twist
Most threads are finished with a Z or left twist because the action of the lockstitch machine would
cause threads with an 8 twist to unwind
Page | 115
One exception is the double-needle lockstitch, which has two bobbins one revolving to the left and
one to the right. This type of machine requires threads with both twists.
In addition to the natural fibers, polyester, silk, and nylon filaments cut or broken Into staple lengths.
Spun polyester thread is one of the most common.
Core spun
Core spun threads begin with a continuous filament of polyester, which is then wrapped with a
cotton or polyester sheath to make a single-ply thread.
Then the two to four plies are twisted together to make the sewing thread
Cotton/poly threads have the advantage of better sew ability, while poly/poly
Threads can be dyed in a one-step process.
Monofilament Threads
Monofilament is simply a single filament of nylon of polyester. It is stiff,
wiry, and unravels easily. It is uncomfortable next to the skin and harsh on
machines. Available only in clear, light and dark gray, monofilament Threads are translucent and
reflect the fabrics color. Monofilament threads are used primarily for blind hemming and surging
inexpensive garments and Household textiles.
Textured Threads
Made of multifilament that have been crimp textured or bulked by twisting, crimping, and
untwisting, textured threads have a soft Land, good coverage, and elasticity. The most common use
of textured threads is in the loopers of over edge and cover stitch machines; however, very fine sizes
can be used as needle threads on chain stitch and over edge machines. They can also be used as
bobbin threads to add moderate stretch to a lock stitched seam.
Thread Size
The thread size is dependent on many factors - such as the fabric weight and type, stitch and seam
type, machine speed, needle size, end use,
and seam strength.
Most threads are sized using the Tex system or the cotton count system. The Tex system, which is
generally used in manufacturing, is a direct system, arid the number increases with the thread size.
The cotton system; and the number decrease with the thread size. Generally it is easier to
comparing the Tex numbers when comparing threads with different constructions F example, a core
spun thread ha size 100 is equivalent to spun polyester thread in size 70 (T-27); and it is larger than
spun polyester in size 100 (T-21) and textured polyester in size 150 (T.-18).
If your retailer does not stock threads with a Tex number designation, you can substitute other
good quality threads. Long staple polyester, cotton- wrapped polyester, and mercerized cotton
threads are suitable for general sewing on most fabrics. For very lightweight fabrics, use fine cotton
embroidery thread (60/2) or fine cotton-wrapped polyester. For heavier fabrics, use topstitching
thread or buttonhole twist.
The Needle Size Chart from American & Efird, Inc. provides a useful guide for selecting compatible
needles and threads. However, it Is important to remember that this is the minimum recommended
needle size and that a larger needle may be required for the fabric or application.
Page | 116
CHAPTER - IX
TYPES OF STITCHES & SEAM
Page | 117
1.
STITCH CLASSIFICATIONS
Each category of sewing machine produces a specific type of stitch formation depending on the
number of needles, looper, and threads which combine to construct the stitch. Each of these
configurations is known as a stitch type and they are classified according to their main
characterization.
Page | 118
A. STITCH CLASSIFICATIONS
Class 100 - Chain stitch
One of the simplest stitch types, the chain stitch has one or more needle threads and is formed
by Intra looping. This stitch is very Insecure and unravels easily if a stitch is broken or skipped or if
the last loop is not fastened securely. This stitch is used for sewing buttons and buttonholes,
hemming, basting and pad stitching.
Page | 119
Bobbin Thread
Bobbin Thread
Needle Thread
Needle Thread
Bobbin Thread
Looper Thread
Needle Thread
Needle Thread
Needle Thread
Page | 120
2.
3.
4.
5.
Equipment available.
6.
7.
Retail price.
8.
9.
Page | 121
SEAM CLASSIFICATION
As per the British standard 3870, Part 1 - 1991 seams may classified Into eight types.
Class 1 Super imposed Seam
French Seam
Piped Beam
Class 2 Lapped Seam
Lap felled Seam
Welted Seam
Class 3 Bound Seam
Class 4 Flat Seam
Class 5 Decorative Seam
Class 6 Edge neatening
Class 7 Addition of other Seams
Page | 122
Counterstich sleeve
Attach sleeve
Sew front fly to left front
Sew button on front
Sew pocket
Sew buttonhole on front
Sew button to top of front & cuff
Sew side & under sleeve
Sew buttonhole to top of front & cuff
Sew yoke to back
Runstitch cuff
Page | 123
Page | 124
Page | 125
Page | 126
Page | 127
CHAPTER - X
DIFFERENT TYPES OF SEWING DEFECTS & REMIDIES
Page | 128
Sewing Defects
Thread Breakage
Skip Stitching
Causes
Burns on the thread path,
needle point and hook tip
Remedies
Remove burns by using a
emery sheet ( fine)
Thread untwists
Loose stitch
Thread escapes
from the needle eye
after thread
trimming
Page | 129
Sewing Defects
Causes
The tension of the tension
post No.2 is two tight
Remedies
Decrease the tension of the
tension post
Improper threading
Cheek Threading
Needle Thread
Skip stitching
Page | 130
Sewing Defects
Thread breakage
Causes
The yoke slide does not move
in the correct way
Remedies
Adjust the timing of the
motion of the yoke slide at
each end.
Page | 131
Sewing Defects
Needle breaking
Skip stitch
Thread Breakage
Causes
Needle type is wrong
Remedies
Use a specified needle
Needle is bent
Threading properly
Puckering
Page | 132
CHAPTER - XI
GARMENT MANUFACTURING
PARTS AND ASSEMBLY PREPARATION OF A SHIRT
Page | 133
1.
Machine: SNLS
Exercise:
Goal:14Seconds
Exercise Number
Starting Position:
Illustration:
The apprentice should sit facing the Sewing Machine with both
feet on the pedal and the right knee against the knee lift. Place
Fabric close to the Operator.
Fabric
Methodology:
The timekeeper starts the chronometer.
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with the
needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Lines sewed must be straight.
Page | 134
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Try to use the fabric given to you optimally by sewing as many
lines as possible. Keep the length of end threads low.
Abilities Developed
Ability to sew long seams straight
Ability to sew long seams in min. no. of bursts.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
20x5 Fabric plies & Thread trimmer
Page | 135
SNLS
Goal:
Exercise Number
Illustration:
The apprentice should sit facing the Sewing Machine with both
feet on the pedal and the right knee against the knee lift. Place
Fabric close to the Operator.
Fabric
Methodology:
20 X 5
22 X 2 (Placket Piece)
Pick Up the body from the left side on the table and
place under the needle.
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with the
needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Checks matching along the placket should be consistent.
Puckering must be avoided while placket attaching.
Page | 136
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
If possible use the other edge of the fabric for placket facing
attaching.
Abilities Developed
Ability to match checks while sewing.
Ability to feed two plies at different rates while sewing.
Necessary materials
DNLS
2 Thread Cones.
3 Bobbins
20x5 & 22 x 2 Fabric plies & Thread trimmer
Page | 137
DNLS
Goal:
Exercise Number
Illustration:
The apprentice should sit facing the Sewing Machine with both
feet on the pedal and the right knee against the knee lift. Place
Fabric close to the Operator.
Methodology:
22 X 2 For Placket
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with the
needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Checks matching along the placket should be consistent.
Puckering must be avoided while placket attaching.
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
If possible use the other edge of the fabric for placket facing
attaching.
Page | 138
Abilities Developed
Ability to match checks while sewing.
Ability to feed two plies at different rates while sewing.
Ability to work with folder for attaching placket
Necessary Materials
DNLS
2 Thread Cones.
3 Bobbins
20x5 Fabric plies & Thread trimmer
Folder
Page | 139
SNLS
Goal:18 Seconds
Exercise Number
Illustration:
Fabric
Methodology:
Step 1: One Edge Without Using Folder
STEP 1.
The timekeeper starts the chronometer.
Pick Up the ply from left ext, fold it to 1at one
edge as shown in fig. and place it under the
needle.
Start sewing straight by folding the width with
right hand and feeding the fabric forward with
left hand.
Sew off at the other end and dispose it in
chain until the bundle or lot is completed.
Step 2: Other
Folder
Edge Using
STEP 2.
Move the above chain-disposed bundle to
left side of you. Take the first piece in the
bundle and feed it to the folder attached.
Start Stitching straight by holding the fabric
with right hand and feeding it into the folder.
Sew off at the edge and dispose in chain.
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Maintain a margin of 1 throughout the seam. Avoid
down stitches along the seam. If the fabric is plaid,
checks to be matched where ever necessary.
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Page | 140
Waste
Use the fabric further for PLK01 Exercise.
Abilities Developed
Ability to do all hemming Operations
Ability to work in single burst using folder.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
20x5 Fabric plies & Thread trimmer
Folder
Page | 141
SNLS
Exercise:
Goal:
Exercise Number
Starting Position:
Illustration:
Fabric
Methodology:
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Pocket edges must be sharp.
Pocket Should be Properly balanced on Front.
No Down Stitches allowed.
Page | 142
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Use the Fronts For Mock shoulder attach Operation.
Abilities Developed
Ability to do Pocket Attach Operation.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
Ready Fronts & Pockets.
Trimmer & 1/16 CL Foot
Page | 143
SNLS
Goal:
Exercise Number
Attach
Starting Position:
Illustration:
Fabric
Methodology:
Quality
Pocket edges must be sharp.
Bottom Corners must be rounded precisely
Pocket Should be Properly balanced on Front.
No Down Stitches allowed.
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Page | 144
Waste
Use the Fronts For Mock Shoulder Attach Operation.
Abilities Developed
Ability to do Pocket Attach Operation.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
Ready Fronts & Pockets.
Trimmer & 1/16 CL Foot
Page | 145
SNLS
Goal:
Exercise Number
Illustration:
Fabric
Ready Creased Pockets
Ready
Fronts
Methodology:
The timekeeper starts the chronometer.
Pickup the Front from Pickup bar and place it
on Machine Bed. Now Pick the Creased Pocket
from Right extension and align it to the
marking on Front.
After Setting the pocket to Front, position
them under the needle at Point A as Shown in
Fig.
Give a Back tack at A and start sewing towards
B. At B stop with needle down position turn
the Pc by 90 degrees and follow the seam as
shown in Figure.
Sew with precision stops at all corners with
needle down position until U reach the
Position C.
At c give a Back tack, Trim the threads and
dispose the front to center runner or Disposal
Bar.
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Pocket edges must be sharp.
Pocket Should be Properly balanced on Front.
No Down Stitches allowed.
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Use the Fronts For Mock shoulder attach Operation.
Page | 146
Abilities Developed
Ability to do Pocket Attach Operation.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
Ready Fronts & Pockets.
Trimmer & 1/16 CL Foot
Page | 147
SNLS
Goal:
Exercise Number
Illustration:
Fabric
Ready Creased Pockets
Ready Fronts
Methodology:
Security
Quality
Pocket edges must be sharp.
Pocket Should be Properly balanced on Front.
No Down Stitches allowed.
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Page | 148
Waste
Use the Fronts For Mock shoulder attach Operation.
Abilities Developed
Ability to do Pocket Attach Operation.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
Ready Fronts & Pockets.
Trimmer & 1/16 CL Foot
Page | 149
SNLS
Goal: 25 sec
Exercise Number
Illustration:
Fabric
20 x 5
Methodology:
The timekeeper starts the chronometer.
Pick Up two 20 X 5 plies (One from right
extension and other from lap ) simultaneously
with both hands, align them on one side and
position them under needle at from corner.
Start Sewing Straight, holding and aligning plies
using right hand and guiding the fabric forward
with left hand.
Continue stitching until you reach from
opposite edge where you stop with the needle
down position.
With the needle down position turn the plies at
90 degrees and continue stitching, holding the
fabric with right hand and guiding it with left
hand.
Repeat the steps 4 & 5 until you reach the last
edge where you sew off as shown in the
diagram.
With trimmer on right hand cut the sew off
thread and dispose.
2 Plies; One
Over another
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Maintain a margin of throughout the seams. Needle
must be in down position while stopped at corners.
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Page | 150
Waste
Try to use fabric optimally. Re-Use the Fabric in other
exercises if possible.
Abilities Developed
Ability to hold and sew long seams straight.
Ability to stop with needle down
Ability to maintain equi-margin along edges.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
20x5 Fabric plies & Thread trimmer
Page | 151
Machine:
Goal: 25 sec
Exercise Number
CL 02
Starting Position:
Illustration:
Methodology:
The timekeeper starts the chronometer.
Pick Up two Collar Plies (One from right
extension and other from lap ) simultaneously
with both hands, align them on one side and
position them under needle at from corner.
Start Sewing Straight, holding and aligning
plies using right hand and guiding the fabric
forward with left hand.
Continue stitching until you reach from
opposite edge where you stop with the needle
down position.
With the needle down position turn the plies
at 90 degrees and continue stitching, holding
the fabric with right hand and guiding it with
left hand.
Repeat the steps 4 & 5 until you reach the last
edge where you sew off as shown in the
diagram.
With trimmer on right hand, cut the sew off
thread and dispose.
2 Plies; One
Over another
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Maintain a margin of throughout the seams. Needle
must be in down position while stopped at corners.
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Try to use fabric optimally. Re-Use the Fabric in other
exercises if possible.
Page | 152
Abilities Developed
Ability to do Collar RunStitch Operation.
Ability to stop with needle down
Ability to maintain equi-margin along edges.
Necessary Material
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
Ready Cut Collar Plies
Page | 153
Goal: 20 Sec
Exercise Number
CL 03
Illustration:
Quality
Maintain a margin of throughout the seams. Needle
must be in down position while stopped at corners.
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Page | 154
Waste
Try to use fabric optimally. Re-Use the Fabric in other
exercises if possible.
Abilities developed
Ability to do Collar RunStitch Operation.
Ability to stop with needle down
Ability to maintain equi-margin along edges.
Necessary material
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 BobbinsReady
Cut Collar Plies
Page | 155
SNLS
Goal: 24 seconds
Exercise Number
CL 05
Starting Position:
Illustration:
Fabric
Methodology:
The timekeeper starts the chronometer.
Quality
Maintain a margin of throughout the seams. No
down or dropped stitch allowed during hemming. Keep
the puckering minimal along round edges.
Page | 156
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Try to use fabric optimally. Re-Use the Fabric in Pick
attach Operation.
Abilities Developed
Ability to fold and hem stitch along the curve.
Ability to maintain equal-margin along edges.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
Ply as Shown in Figure & Thread trimmer
Page | 157
Machine:
SNLS
Goal: 16 seconds
Exercise Number
CL 06
Starting Position:
Illustration:
Fabric 20 X 3
Methodology:
The timekeeper starts the chronometer.
Quality
Maintain the stitch margin of throughout the folded
edge. No down or dropped stitch allowed during
hemming. Keep the puckering minimal along rounded
edges.
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Page | 158
Waste
Re-Use the Fabric in Pick attach Operation.
Abilities Developed
Ability to do Neck Band Hemming.
Ability to maintain equal-margin along edges.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
Ply as Shown in Figure & Thread trimmer
Page | 159
Machine:
Exercise:
SNLS
Goal: 23 Seconds
Exercise Number
CL 07
Starting Position:
Illustration:
Fabric 20 X 5
Methodology:
The timekeeper starts the chronometer.
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Sew Straight. Avoid moving the template while sewing.
Page | 160
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Try to use fabric optimally. Re-Use the Fabric in other
exercises if possible.
Abilities Developed
Ability to hold template and sew as required.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
20x5 Fabric plies & Thread trimmer
Template 10 X 3
Page | 161
SNLS
Goal:45 Seconds
Exercise Number
CL 08
Starting Position:
Illustration:
Methodology:
The timekeeper starts the chronometer.
PATTERN
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Collar and template should be aligned properly at the
collar corners. Pattern should not be displaced while
sewing. Stitches should be made exactly along the
contour of the template.
Page | 162
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Use the end pieces for the mock exercises of center
stitch finish collars.
Abilities Developed
Ability to sew along the curves.
Ability to handle three plies at a time.
Ability to sew using the template.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
Neckband plies and ready collar.
Thread trimmer
Template
Page | 163
SNLS
Goal:13 Seconds
Exercise Number
CL 09
Starting Position:
Illustration:
Fabric
Methodology:
The timekeeper starts the chronometer.
STEP 1
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Maintain a margin of throughout the seam for the
step 1 exercise. Avoid down stitches for the step 2
exercises.
Page | 164
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Use the fabric further for PLK01 Exercise.
Abilities Developed
Ability to hold and sew long seams straight.
Ability to sew top edge stitch using two or more
plies.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
20x5 Fabric plies & Thread trimmer
1/16 CR Foot.
Page | 165
SNLS
Goal:15 Seconds
Exercise Number
CL 10
Starting Position:
Illustration:
Fabric
Methodology:
The timekeeper starts the chronometer.
Quality
Down Stitches not allowed. Edge stitch must be
uniformly at a margin of 1/16 from the Joint.
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Use the collars for Collar attaches Later. Minimize thread
end wastage.
Abilities developed
Page | 166
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
Ready Collars & Thread trimmer
1/16 CR Foot.
Page | 167
Machine:
SNLS
Exercise:
Starting Position:
The apprentice should sit facing the Sewing Machine
with both feet on the pedal and the right knee against
the knee lift. Place Fabric close to the Operator.
Goal:22 Seconds
Exercise Number
CL 04
Illustration:
Methodology:
The timekeeper starts the chronometer.
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Maintain a margin of throughout the seams. Needle
must be in down position while stopped at corners.
Page | 168
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Try to use fabric optimally. Re-Use the Fabric in mock
Pick attach Exercise.
Abilities Developed
Ability to do Topstitch Collar Operation.
Ability to stop with needle down
Ability to maintain equi-margin along edges.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
Ready Collars & Trimmer
Page | 169
Machine:
SNLS
Exercise:
Goal:
Exercise Number
Cuff Hem
CF 01
Starting Position:
Illustration:
Fabric
11 x 3.5 Ply
Methodology:
The timekeeper starts the chronometer.
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Maintain a margin of throughout the seams. No
Down stitches allowed.
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Page | 170
Waste
Ability
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
11x 3.5 Fabric plies & Thread trimmer
Page | 171
SNLS
Goal:
Exercise Number
CF 02
Starting Position:
Illustration:
Fabric
11 x 3.5 Ply
Methodology:
The timekeeper starts the chronometer.
Ready Hemmed Ply
Pick Up 11 x 3.5 ply from machine bed and
another ply from the lap, align and position
them under the needle at from the edge.
Template
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Maintain a margin of throughout the seams. Follow
the template precisely at the rounded corners.
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Page | 172
Waste
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
11x 3.5 Fabric plies & Thread trimmer
Page | 173
SNLS
Exercise:
Goal:
Exercise Number
Binding Operation.
SL 01
Starting Position:
Illustration:
Fabric 20 x 5
Methodology:
STEP 1.
22 x 2 (Creased)
STEP 1.
The timekeeper starts the chronometer.
STEP 2.
Pick up the end piece from above, turn and
place the end of folded edge other side under
the needle.
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Page | 174
Quality
Avoid the visibility of attach stitches.
Avoid down stitches on both faces.
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Abilities Developed
Ability to attach two plies.
Ability to turn and topstitch a fold.
(Binding stitch)
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
2 Fabric plies & Trimmer
T Guide
Page | 175
SNLS
Goal:
Exercise Number
Folder
SL 02
Starting Position:
Illustration:
Fabric 20 x 5
22 x 3
Methodology:
Using a Folder F205
The timekeeper starts the chronometer.
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
No Roping allowed.
No Down Stitches allowed.
Page | 176
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Use the other edge also for binding Attaches.
Abilities Developed
Ability to do Binding Seams Using a Folder.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
2 Fabric plies (20 x 5, 22 x 3)
Trimmer
Folder F205
Page | 177
SNLS
Goal:
Exercise Number
SL 03
Starting Position:
Illustration:
Methodology:
Using a Folder F205
The timekeeper starts the chronometer.
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
No Roping allowed.
No Down Stitches allowed.
Page | 178
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Use these Sleeves for Sleeve Attach Exercises.
Abilities Developed
Ability to Attach Continuous Sleeve Placket Using a
Folder.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
Ready Sleeves & 14 x 3 Plies
Folder F205
Page | 179
SNLS
Goal:
Exercise Number
SL 04
Starting Position:
Illustration:
Methodology:
Using a Folder
The timekeeper starts the chronometer.
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
No Roping allowed.
No Down Stitches allowed.
Page | 180
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Use these Sleeves for Sleeve Attach Exercises.
Abilities Developed
Ability to Attach Split Sleeve Placket to Sleeve Using
a Folder.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
Ready Sleeves & 7 x 1.5 Plies
Folder
Page | 181
Machine:
Exercise:
DNLS
Goal:
Starting Position:
The apprentice should sit facing the Sewing Machine
with both feet on the pedal and the right knee against
the knee lift. Place Fabric close to the Operator.
Exercise Number
BK 02
Illustration:
Body Ply
Methodology:
Yoke Ply
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Page | 182
Quality
Maintain the checks symmetrically throughout the seam
length. Avoid down stitch while sewing.
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Abilities Developed
Ability to work with folder.
Ability to stitch the straight seams.
Necessary Materials
DNLS
3 Thread Cones.
3 Bobbins
Fabric plies & Thread trimmer
Folder & CL Foot
Page | 183
26. Pleats
Machine:
SNLS
Exercise:
Pleats
Goal:17 Seconds
Exercise Number
BK 01
Starting Position:
Illustration:
Methodology:
Fabric 20 x 5 (Notched)
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Maintain pleat depth as required. Sew the pleat within
seam allowance.
Page | 184
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Use The Fabric For PLK01 Later.
Abilities Developed
Ability to make Pleats.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
20x5 Fabric plies & Thread trimmer
Page | 185
Machine:
DNLS
Goal:
Folder.
Starting Position:
Exercise Number
BK 03
Illustration:
Fabric
Methodology:
Yoke 2
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Maintain the checks symmetrically through out the
seam length. Avoid down stitch while sewing.
Page | 186
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Abilities Developed
Ability to do yoke attaches using Folder.
Ability to stitch the straight seams.
Ability to handle 3 plies simultaneously while
sewing
Necessary Materials
DNLS
3 Thread Cones.
3 Bobbins
Fabric plies & Thread trimmer
Folder & 1/ 4 CL Presser Foot
Page | 187
SNLS
Goal:60 Seconds
Exercise Number
AS 01
Starting Position:
Illustration:
Methodology:
STEP 1.
STEP 1.
STEP 2.
Page | 188
Waste
Use the same fabric for other assembly exercises.
Abilities Developed
Ability to do shoulder attach operation in real time.
Ability to handle 3 plies simultaneously.
Page | 189
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
Ready Backs & Fronts cuttings
Trimmer
Page | 190
Machine:
DNLS
Exercise:
Starting Position:
The apprentice should sit facing the Sewing Machine
with both feet on the pedal and the right knee against
the knee lift. Place Fabric close to the Operator.
Goal:19 Seconds
Exercise Number
AS 02
Illustration:
Methodology:
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
No Down Stitches while sewing.
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Page | 191
WASTE
Use the same fabric for other assembly exercises.
Abilities Developed
Ability to topstitch shoulder on DNLS.
Ability to handle larger parts.
Necessary Materials
DNLS
3 Thread Cones.
3 Bobbins
Front & Back attached pieces.
Page | 192
DNLS
Goal:
Exercise Number
AS 03
Illustration:
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Avoid Collar center off due to uneven seam width at
shoulder.
No down stitches while sewing.
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Page | 193
Waste
Use the same fabric for other assembly exercises.
Abilities Developed
Ability to do shoulder attach operation in real time.
Ability to handle 3 plies simultaneously.
Ability to work with Folder.
Necessary Materials
DNLS
3 Thread Cones.
3 Bobbins
Ready Backs & Fronts cuttings
Folder & CL Presser foot.
Clamped Sloping Table
Page | 194
SNLS
Goal:
Exercise Number
AS 04
Illustration:
Methodology:
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Notches must be matched and plies to be aligned
correctly along the edge.
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Page | 195
Waste
Use the same fabric for Collar closing operation.
Abilities Developed
Ability to Sew along contour without stretch.
Ability to sew in 2-3 bursts.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
Page | 196
SNLS / UBT
Exercise:
Goal:45 Seconds
Exercise Number
AS 05
Starting Position:
Illustration:
Ready Collar
Ready Body
Methodology:
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Notches must be matched and plies to be aligned
correctly along the edge.
Page | 197
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Use the same fabric for other assembly exercises.
Abilities Developed
Ability to do Collar attach Operation.
Ability to handle one each of small and larger parts.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
Ready Collars and bodies.
Page | 198
SNLS
Exercise:
Goal:30 Seconds
Binding Operations.
Starting Position:
Exercise Number
AS 06
Illustration:
STEP 2.
Pick up the end piece from above, turn and
place the end of folded edge other side under
the needle.
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Page | 199
Quality
Avoid the visibility of attach stitches.
Avoid down stitches on both faces.
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Abilities Developed
Ability to attach two plies.
Ability to turn and topstitch a fold.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
2 Fabric plies.
Page | 200
SNLS
Goal:50 Seconds
Exercise Number
AS 07
Illustration:
Methodology:
Stitches
Ply 2
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Ply 1
Quality
Collar stay stitch should not be visible.
Avoid down stitches.
Page | 201
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Use the same fabric for other assembly exercises.
Abilities
Ability to do topstitch collar operation.
Ability to handle larger parts.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
Ready Body with collar attached.
Page | 202
SNLS
Goal:35 Seconds
Exercise Number
AS 08
Illustration:
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Page | 203
Quality
Maintain the equal fold edge throughout seam. Avoid
drop stitches.
Match the notches exactly.
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Uses the same fabrics for topstitch sleeve operation
exercise.
Abilities Developed
Ability to do lap seam along the contour. Useful
while doing sleeve attach operations.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
Mock plies as shown in figure.
Page | 204
SNLS
Goal:45 Seconds
Exercise Number
AS 09
(Lap Seam)
Starting Position:
Illustration:
Methodology:
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Avoid drop stitches. Match the notches while sewing.
Page | 205
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Use the same fabric for other assembly exercises.
Abilities Developed
Ability to attach sleeves to body.
Ability to handle bigger parts.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
Ready bodies & Sleeves.
Page | 206
SNLS
Goal:
Exercise Number
AS 10
Illustration:
Quality
Maintain the equal fold edge throughout seam. Avoid
drop stitches.
Match the notches exactly.
Page | 207
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Uses the same fabrics for topstitch sleeve operation
exercise.
Abilities Developed
Ability to do lap seam along the contour. Useful
while doing sleeve attach operations.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
2 plies as shown in figure.
Folder
Page | 208
SNLS
Goal:
Exercise Number
AS 11
Illustration:
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Avoid drop stitches. Match the notches while sewing.
Page | 209
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Use the same fabric for other assembly exercises.
Abilities Developed
Ability to attach sleeves to body.
Ability to handle bigger parts.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
Ready bodies & Sleeves.
Folder
Page | 210
DNLS
Goal:
Exercise Number
15 Sec
AS 12
Starting Position:
Illustration:
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Avoid down stitches. Maintain topstitch at consistent
margin from the edge.
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Page | 211
Abilities Developed
Necessary Materials
DNLS
3 Thread Cones.
3 Bobbins
Ready piece as shown in figure.
Page | 212
DNLS
Goal:
Exercise Number
AS 13
Illustration:
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Avoid down stitches. Maintain topstitch at consistent
margin from the edge.
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Page | 213
Waste
Abilities developed
Necessary Materials
DNLS
3 Thread Cones.
3 Bobbins
Ready piece as shown in figure.
Folder & CR presser foot.
Page | 214
Goal:45 Seconds
Exercise Number
AS 14
Illustration:
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Avoid down stitches. Maintain topstitch at consistent
margin from the edge. Follow line balancing if any.
Page | 215
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Use the same fabric for other assembly exercises.
Abilities developed
Ability to do Topstitches with DNLS.
Ability to handle whole garment.
Necessary Materials
DNLS
3 Thread Cones.
3 Bobbins
Ready Body with collar and sleeve attached.
Page | 216
Goal:
Exercise Number
AS 15
Folder
Starting Position:
Illustration:
Using folder
Methodology:
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Avoid down stitches. Maintain topstitch at consistent
margin from the edge. Follow line balancing if any.
Page | 217
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Use the same fabric for other assembly exercises.
Abilities Developed
Ability to do Topstitches with DNLS.
Ability to handle whole garment.
Necessary Materials
DNLS
3 Thread Cones.
3 Bobbins
Ready Body with collar and sleeve attached.
Folder & CR foot.
Page | 218
SNLS
Goal:
(Curved)
Starting Position:
Exercise Number
AS 19
Illustration:
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Maintain the uniform folded width of 3/8 along the
contour. Roping must not be there along the seam.
No Down stitches allowed.
Page | 219
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Use the same fabric for Straight Bottom Hem.
Abilities Developed
Ability to hem Rounded edges.
Ability to handle large garments while
manually folding the hem.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
Mock Pcs as Shown in fig. & Trimmer
Page | 220
SNLS
Goal:
Exercise Number
AS 20
Illustration:
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Maintain the uniform folded width of 1 along the
contour. Roping must not be there along the seam.
No Down stitches allowed.
Page | 221
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Use the same fabric for Curved Bottom Hem at the
opposite edge if not done.
Abilities Developed
Ability to Fold (Turn & Turn) and hem for
longer seams.
Ability to handle large garments while
manually folding the hem.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
Mock Pcs as Shown in fig. & Trimmer
T- Guide & 1/16 CL Presser Foot
Page | 222
SNLS
Goal:
Exercise Number AS 21
(Curved) Using
Starting Position:
The apprentice should sit facing the Sewing Machine
with both feet on the pedal and the right knee against
the knee lift. Place Fabric close to the Operator.
Illustration:
Using Folder
Methodology
The timekeeper starts the chronometer.
Pick the piece from haunch back or Stand left
to the Operator and place it on table. Fold
3/8at the rounded Corner (Turn & Turn) and
position it under needle.
Back Tack at the end; Turn the fold by 90
degrees with needle down Position, Set the
folder and feed the edge to be bottom folded
into it.
Start Sewing along the contour by feeding the
folded width with the right hand and guiding
the piece along using left hand.
At the other end, remove the folder, turn the
fabric again by 90 degrees and back tack.
Cut the threads and dispose to the disposal
bar or center runner.
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Maintain the uniform folded width of 3/8 along the
contour. Roping must not be there along the seam.
No Down stitches allowed.
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Use the same fabric for Straight Bottom Hem.
Page | 223
Abilities Developed
Ability to hem Rounded edges.
Ability to handle large garments while
manually folding the hem.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
Mock Pcs as Shown in fig. & Trimmer
1/16 CL Foot & Folder F503
Magnetic guide
Page | 224
SNLS
Goal:
Exercise Number
AS 22
Illustration:
Methodology
The timekeeper starts the chronometer.
Pick the piece from haunch back or Stand left
to the Operator and place it on table. Fold 1at
the (Turn & Turn) and position it under
needle.
Back Tack at the end; Turn the fold by 90
degrees with needle down Position, set the
folder and feed the edge to be bottom folded
into it.
Start Sewing along the edge by feeding the
folded width with the right hand and guiding
the piece along using left hand.
At the other end, Remove the Folder, turn the
fabric again by 90 degrees and back tack.
Cut the threads and dispose to the Disposal
Bar or Center runner.
Security
The apprentice must be careful not to prick himself with
the needle.
Use Safety glasses.
Avoid using loose clothing and/or long and loose hair.
Quality
Maintain the uniform folded width of 1 along the
contour. Roping must not be there along the seam.
No Down stitches allowed.
Ergonomics
Chair and Machine at a comfortable height.
Back Rest Facing Forward.
Waste
Use the same fabric for Curved Bottom Hem at the
opposite edge if not done.
Page | 225
Abilities Developed
Ability to Fold (Turn & Turn) and hem for
longer seams.
Ability to handle large garments while
manually folding the hem.
Necessary Materials
SNLS
2 Thread Cones.
2 Bobbins
Mock Pcs as Shown in fig. & Trimmer
T- Guide & 1/16 CL Presser Foot
Folder F505
Page | 226
CHAPTER - XII
DIFFERENT TYPES OF SEWING ATTACHMENTS AND USE ON MACHINE
Page | 227
Type of Attachments
Page | 228
Used to attach the yoke to the front and back panels of the shirt.
Both folders can be made left or right.
Page | 229
3.
Pocket Hemming
This attachment is used to hem the tops of pockets. Many different folder styles are available to suit
your particular need.
Please specify finished size, stitch margin, and the amount of in tuck required.
Page | 230
5. Tail Hemming
No. 209
The #209 hinged foot hemmer is available in a 3/16" finish. The hinged
feature allows for some give as you cross over the side seam.
No. 209A
Foot Hemmer is also available with AIR JET, which helps eliminate loose
thread strands.
The swing hemmer is used for straighter runs and is available with a spring
for side seams. The swing out bracket is recommended for easy finishing.
Special presser foot recommended.
No. 210
Page | 231
Page | 232
No. 211A
No. 211B
Page | 233
Page | 234
8.
Page | 235
Set of guides for joining the armhole to the sleeve Turns the sleeve up as the body is pulled over and stitched
on high quality shirts.
down.
Adjustable margin settings. Special presser foot is Produces a quality finish and appearance. Special presser
recommended.
foot is recommended.
Page | 236
Folder hems the sleeve and joins it to the body, using a double needle machine.
Compensating Foot is used on second top stitching operation.
Attaches the center plait to the shirt body. Folder features a separate concave lining track which
allows easier starts for all types of fabrics and a tight finish around the lining.
Bed plate mount or swing bracket mount is available. Body hemmer provided with folder.
Please specify: men or ladies' shirt-lining from right or left.
Page | 237
Used to make a one piece shirt front by hemming the shirt body itself.
Folder features a separate concave lining track which helps produce a tight finish.
Available in left hand (ladies'-neck start) and right hand (men's-neck start) models.
Used to eliminate shading problems and to match stripes and plaids.
Please Specify: man's or ladies' shirt-lining from right or left.
A variation of the imitation Center Front Folder for use on Men's and ladies' sport shirts.
The top of the front conceals the button hole which is sewn on the bottom tuck.
Page | 238
Page | 239
Generally used on first quality men's shirts. Available for single and double needle machines.
Available with or without lining.
Page | 240
Used for decorative trim on shirt pockets, as wella s back and front body pleats.
Made for most double needle machines.
Face goods may be in pieces or rolls - lining must be in rolls. Several pleat styles are available.
Page | 241
CHAPTER XIII
MONTHLY SCHEDULE FOR SEWING MACHINE OPERATOR TRAINING PROGRAMME
Page | 242
Name:
Prior experience (Operations):
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
Target
Day
Simultaneous
2
3
4
5
5.5
6.5
7
8.5
Parallel with FE
Exercise
Sl.
No.
1
2
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
16
17
18
19
20
21
23
24
25
27
28
29
30
Name
Pin Board (RH)
Pin Board (LH)
Pedal control at max speed (Pe1)
Precise stops at max speed
(Pe2)
Straight stitches at max speed (Pe3)
Change direction with needle down (Pe4)
Judging changes of direction (Pe5)
Swing curve with one hand
(Pe6)
Swing in circles
(Pe7)
Swing curves
(Pe8)
OL Swing straight line
(Pe9)
OL exact stop
(Pe10)
OL Straight lines and curves (Pe11)
Cleaning machine
(Me0)
Threading machine
(Me1)
Re threading machine
(Me2)
Changing bobbin
(Me3)
Changing needle
(Me4)
Changing colour of thread
(Me5)
Sew endless loop
(Fe0)
Sew 6 x 6, sewing off
(Fe1)
Sew 6 x 6, Staying within
(Fe2)
Sew 6 x 6, Back tack
(Fe3)
Sew 3 sides 6 x 12
(Fe4)
12 x 6, Top stitch
(Fe5)
Back tack 12 x 12,
(Fe6)
Hemming 6x6 in chain (5 pcs)(Fe7)
Attach Pocket
(Fe8)
Cuff Run stitch
Cuff top stitch
Collar Run stitch
Collar top stitch
Collar pick ready
Sleeve Plackets attach
Sleeve Plackets finishing
Back yoke attach & Edge stitch
Shoulder attach &Edge stitch
Collar attaching & finishing
Side seam attach
Bottom hemming
Sleeve attaching
Sleeve Finishing
Start
Date
Starting Date:
Ending Date:
Trainers Name:
End
Target
Date
45 sec
90 sec
nd
2 best
time
6 sec
5 sec
10 sec
8 sec
16 sec
6 sec
34 sec
5 sec
10 sec
20 sec
15 sec
35 sec
40 sec
8 sec
12 sec
8 sec
25 sec
15 sec
18 sec
21 sec
21 sec
14 sec
20 sec
30 sec
45 sec
45 sec
33 sec
35 sec
29 sec
60 sec
51 sec
120 sec
60 sec
60 sec
81 sec
120 sec
50 sec
39 sec
45 sec
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Remarks