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Table of content
Table of content
Glossary........................................................................................................................2
Inherency .....................................................................................................................3
Solvency
Solvency Frontline ........................................................................................................7
Extension- US cannot effect Chinese laws..................................................................10
Extension- Lack of enforcement..................................................................................11
Extension- Current Policy Fixes the Problem...............................................................12
Human Rights Advantage
Human Rights Frontline ..............................................................................................13
Extension- US lacks credibility....................................................................................15
Extension- Engagement on human rights causes backlash........................................16
Glossary
Human Rights- Human rights is a principle of international politics that sets out guidelines for how
governments ought to treat their people. It is meant to protect and preserve human dignity.
Cost-benefit Analysis- Cost benefit analysis refers to a framework for evaluating the debate round.
Under a cost-benefit analysis framework, the judge has to weight the outcome of one policy against
the outcome of another policy.
Deontology- The understanding of a nature of duty and obligation
Utilitarianism- The belief that the most good should be done for the most people.
Dictatorship- A state ruled by a dictator
Moral imperative- A strongly felt principle that compels a person to act
Consequentialism- The belief that the morality of an action is to be judged by its consequences
Genocide- Deliberately killing a large group of people, especially of a particular ethnic group or
nation
Authoritarianism- a form of government controlled by a central power with limited political freedoms
Subjugated groups- A group of people whom freedoms are taken away from by another group of
people
Diplomacy- managing international relations
Inherency Frontline
1. The U.S. has already substantially increased its diplomatic efforts with China over human
rights issues. The affirmative changes nothing and does not meet their burden of proving the
resolution necessary.
HRF 2012 -Human Rights First, nonpartisan international human rights organization based in New
York and Washington D.C. To maintain our independence, How to Integrate Human Rights into U.S.China Relations https://www.ciaonet.org/attachments/24330/uploads
Under the Obama Administration, human rights have remained a contentious issue on the U.S.
agenda with China. Administration officials, including the president, have pressed Chinese
officials publicly and privately on a variety of issues, including free speech, Internet
freedoms, and policies toward the Tibetan people, as well as raising cases of specific activists
and human rights defenders. The annual Human Rights Dialogue with China, which was
suspended by the Chinese for nearly four years during the Bush Administration, has restarted.
While the State Department maintains the lead on human rights issues, other agencies such as the
Departments of Labor and Justice have been brought into the dialogue. At the grassroots level, the
administration has continued to fund a broad array of programs in the areas of democracy,
rule of law, civil society development, sustainable development, environmental protection,
cultural preservation in Tibet, and health. Notwithstanding these efforts, the administration has
struggled to define the place of human rights on the larger agenda with China. It came into office
determined to have, as Secretary Clinton put it, a positive and cooperative relationship with China in
order to elicit Chinese cooperation on a panoply of global and bilateral issues. To this end, the
administration signaled throughout its first year that cooperation with China would take precedence
over human rights. However, it gradually stepped back from this careful approach when it became
clear by the end of 2010 that Chinese cooperation on other issues was not forthcoming. The policy
reversal was manifest in President Obamas meeting with the Dalai Lama, which had been
previously postponed; the administrations outspokenness on the detention of human rights
activist Liu Xiaobo; the presidents remarks in his state summit in 2011 with Chinese President
Hu Jintao; and in the Chen Guangcheng case. In so doing, the administration sent a clear
signal to Chinese leaders of the importance the United States places on human rights and
those in China who are risking their lives and that of their families to advocate for them.
2. Second, the affirmative cannot change domestic labor laws in China- without reforming
domestic labor laws in China, labor rights abuses will continue
Qiang 2002- Xiao Qiang, executive Director of Human Rights in China, Gpo.gov
2002https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CHRG-107hhrg78790/html/CHRG-107hhrg78790.htm
I think in a very practical way, there clearly are areas, for example, having to do with worker health
and safety in the coal mining industry in China, for example, where there are a huge number of
deaths and casualties, where China would probably welcome some forms of bilateral assistance
and/or support. That is relatively easy. That does not hinge on or touch on the far more
sensitive political issues that have to do with, for example, reforming the labor law to make it
possible for workers to organize their own independent trade unions. That is now, as you
know, illegal.
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[___] Multinational corporations will continue to ignore progress made on labor issues. The
affirmative cannot solve private corporation abuses
Global Policy Forum 2007- Global Policy Forum is an independent policy watchdog that monitors
the work of the United Nations and scrutinizes global policymaking. We promote accountability and
citizen participation in decisions on peace and security, social justice and international law.
Multinationals to China: No New Labor Rights https://www.globalpolicy.org/social-and-economicpolicy/46721-multinationals-to-china-no-new-labor-rights.html
Foreign corporations are fighting against the very aspects of the proposed legislation that
might ameliorate some of China's most blatant labor problems: Contract protections for all
workers: Foreign corporations want to maintain the current system which creates a large
underclass of highly precarious workers with no rights. Access to labor rights and benefits however limited - depends on the existence of a written labor contract signed individually or
collectively by workers and companies. But millions of workers currently work without one. The new
law would create an implied contract for any worker who receives a wage, giving millions of
workers rights and benefits now denied them. It stipulates that any ambiguities in the
interpretation of a contract will be made in the employees' favor. AmCham opposes these provisions
on the grounds that "these provisions are not consistent with the recruitment system of modern
enterprises." Instead, companies want to set pay and terms of work for all workers without signed
contracts unilaterally. Management alone would determine "all problems - such as pay
confirmation, the way of handling the social insurance, the method of dismissal and the
standard of compensation." Collective bargaining with employees: The new law provides for
negotiations over workplace policies and procedures, layoffs, health and safety, and firings with a
union or an "employee representative." Foreign corporations demand unilateral authority, not
negotiation. The U.S.-China Business Council writes, "It is not feasible to state that an employer's
regulations and policies shall be void if they are not adopted through negotiation with the trade
union....Requiring the consent of the trade union before such changes can be made is overly
burdensome and may prevent important company policies from being implemented in a timely
manner...Final authority and responsibility for company policies should rest in the hands of the
employer." Freedom to change jobs: Non-compete agreements prevent workers from changing jobs
easily if they have access to proprietary knowledge as determined by an employer. For a developing
economy like China, knowledge transfer is essential. The new law caps damages employers can
seek for workers who change jobs, makes it more difficult to claim confidentiality has been breached,
and allows for geographic exemptions to foster the spread of skills throughout the country. The
opposition to this provision comes with a threat: "If carried out," according to the comments
on the bill submitted by the AmCham, "it will seriously affect the individual technology
innovation of the Chinese enterprises and thus multinational corporations would not
introduce their advanced technology, let alone allow the Chinese staff members expose [sic]
to and master [sic] the core technology."
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[___] The status quo solves. Human rights abuses are being resolved internally
Lum 2011- Thomas, Specialist in Asian Affairs, July 18 Human Rights in China and U.S. Policy
https://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RL34729.pdf
Many Chinese citizens have experienced some marginal improvements in human rights
protections and rights activism has increased. These changes have come about through both
government policies and the development of civil society. The government has enacted laws to
acknowledge or try to prevent some of the most egregious violations of human rights and
abuses of power, strengthened the legal system, and often publicly sympathized with some
aggrieved citizens. Social groups have engaged in protests to defend their rights, often aided by
journalists, lawyers, and activists whose activities put them at risk of physical harm, loss of their
professional licenses, harassment of themselves and their families, and imprisonment. The Internet
has provided Chinese citizens with unprecedented amounts of information and the opportunity to
express opinions publicly. Due to government censorship and other controls and to the non-political
nature of most web activity in China, the Internet has proven to be less of a political factor than many
observers had expected or hoped. Nonetheless, the Internet has made it impossible for the
government to restrict information as fully as before. In many cases, news disseminated
independently online has helped to hold government officials more accountable than in the
past. The following social variables could potentially provide impetus for political reform in China: A
shift in public concerns from local and economic issues to national, political ones; the growth
of protest activity that includes not only socially and economically marginalized groups, such
as farmers, workers, and migrant laborers, but also the urban middle class, professionals, and
private entrepreneurs; linkages among social groups; and the development of new
communications media and counter-censorship technologies.
[__] Obama has already taken steps towards protecting ethnic minorities
Lum 2011- Thomas, specialist in Asian affairs, https://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RL34729.pdf
The Tibetan Policy Act of 2002 (P.L. 107-228) directs the Executive Branch to encourage the
PRC government to enter into a dialogue with the Dalai Lama or his representatives, call for the
release of Tibetan political and religious prisoners in China, support economic development, cultural
preservation, environmental sustainability, and other objectives in Tibet, and carry out other activities
to support the aspirations of the Tibetan people to safeguard their distinct identity. 112 In July 2011,
President Obama met with the Dalai Lama at the White House, despite strong objections from
Beijing. The President emphasized the importance of the human rights of Tibetans in China as
well as their unique religious, cultural, and linguistic traditions. He stressed that Tibet is a part
of China, praised the Dalai Lamas commitment to nonviolence and his Middle Way
approach, and encouraged dialogue between the Dalai Lamas representatives and Beijing,
while also emphasizing the importance of U.S.-China cooperation.
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[___] There are other instances of human rights abuses that the affirmative cannot account
for. China perceives these abuses as evidence of U.S. hypocrisy on human rights
The Guardian 4/10- China Attacks U.S. Hypocrisy in Human Rights Council
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/mar/10/china-attacks-us-hypocrisy-un-human-rights-council
China has strongly rejected US-led criticism of its human rights record at the UN Human
Rights Council on Thursday, accusing the United States of hypocrisy and crimes including the
rape and murder of civilians. The US is notorious for prison abuse at Guantnamo prison, its gun
violence is rampant, racism is its deep-rooted malaise, Chinese diplomat Fu Cong told the Council,
using unusually blunt language. The United States conducts large-scale extra-territorial
eavesdropping, uses drones to attack other countries innocent civilians, its troops on foreign
soil commit rape and murder of local people. It conducts kidnapping overseas and uses black
prisons. Fu was responding to a joint statement by the United States and 11 other countries, who
criticised Chinas crackdown on human rights and its detentions of lawyers and activists. These
actions are in contravention of Chinas own laws and international commitments, said US
Ambassador Keith Harper, who read out the statement backed by Australia, Japan, and nine
northern European countries. These extra-territorial actions are unacceptable, out of step with the
expectations of the international community, and a challenge to the rule-based international order.
Harper read the statement straight after UN human rights chief Zeid Raad Al Hussein gave his main
annual speech to the council. He recalled his message to China in mid-February, when he cited a
very worrying pattern of detentions. Fu said Zeid should refrain from making subjective
comments not backed up by real facts. Advertisement He also criticized Japans support for the joint
statement, saying Japan had refused to take responsibility for conscripting 100,000 comfort women
in Asian countries during the second world war. In China, police have detained about 250 human
rights lawyers, legal assistants, and activists since a nationwide crackdown began last July, although
many have subsequently been released. Sophie Richardson, China director at Human Rights
Watch, said the message delivered by Harper was the first collective joint statement on China
in the 10 history of the council. The statement shows that while President Xi may think he can
eradicate dissent at home, the world stands with embattled human rights defenders across China,
she said in a statement.
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[___] The affirmative cannot influence Chinese policy over ethnic minorities- The CCP
leadership structure is not conducive to engagement over human rights
The East West Center 2013- The East-West Center promotes better relations and understanding
among the people and nations of the United States, Asia, and the Pacific through cooperative study,
research, and dialogue. Ethnic Policy in China: Is Reform Inevitable?
http://www.eastwestcenter.org/sites/default/files/private/ps068.pdf
There are, however, now individuals in the top echelons of the CPC openly advocating new
directions in ethnic policies, and they are looking to the new leadership for action. Xi linping's
"Chinese dream narrative stresses the unity and coalescence of public wntiment m a part of the
great revival of the Chinese nation/race. Yet current ethnic policies remain the legacy of Hu litho
and his mentor Hu Yaobang and are likely to be earthily guarded by their protgs and the
ethnic-policy establishment. Radical shifts in policy, such as ending regional ethnic autonomy or
minoritypreferences, are thlikely in the near future. Even if the political will exists at the top
Radical shifts in policy, such as of the CPC leadership, ethnic ending regional ethnic
autonomy policy remains a relatively low priority:Me complexities of the or minority prePrences,
are Chinese political system also unlikely in she near future make any bold new initiatives
problematic. Regime stabilitythe party's abiding focusrequires social stability, and thus
increased security efforts in troubled frontier regions are more likely than major nolim chanth
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[___] The affirmative is actually bad for the Chinese economy. Increased regulations on labor
rights will decrease foreign investment
Global Policy Forum 2007-, Global Policy Forum is an independent policy watchdog that monitors
the work of the United Nations and scrutinizes global policymaking. We promote accountability and
citizen participation in decisions on peace and security, social justice and international law,
https://www.globalpolicy.org/social-and-economic-policy/46721-multinationals-to-china-no-new-laborrights.html
While the extraordinarily rapid growth of the Chinese economy has often been noted, it is less
often realized how much of that growth actually reflects the role of foreign corporations.
According to Morgan Stanley's chief economist Stephen Roach, 65 percent of the tripling of Chinese
exports - from $121 billion in 1994 to $365 billion in mid-2003 - is "traceable to outsourcing by
Chinese subsidiaries of multinational corporations and joint ventures." The obvious motive for
such foreign corporations to oppose the law protecting Chinese workers is their fear that it
may eliminate the cheap labor costs they now enjoy. Even if the law itself is poorly enforced or
does little to improve Chinese wages and employment conditions, it may set the stage for
more organized demands from Chinese workers. Historical experience in the United States and
around the world has shown that when workers realize that they are entitled by law to certain rights,
they may well create the institutions needed to access and enforce those rights. Experience in many
countries indicates that labor laws are often unenforced unless workers exercise the right to organize,
bargain collectively, and strike. For that reason, corporations have reason to fear that even a
limited guarantee of rights to Chinese workers will encourage their further efforts to form
independent unions, elect their own leaders, and utilize their potential bargaining power. They
fear, in short, that the proposed labor bill may be but one step in a new long march for
Chinese workers as they fight for the legal rights due them and the institutional supports to
enforce those rights.
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