AQA Mechanics 1 Newtons Laws of motion

Section 1: Newtons Laws of motion

Solutions to Exercise
1. (i) Vertically downwards: 10g X 10a
X 10 9.8 10 4 58 N
(ii) Vertically upwards: X 10g 10a
X 10 9.8 10 4 138 N
(iii) Vertically upwards: X 10g 0
X 10 9.8 98 N
Horizontally:
Y 10a 10 4 40 N
(iv) Vertically downwards: mg 20 ma
9.8m 20 4m
5.8m 20

m 3.45 kg (3 s.f.)
(v) Vertically upwards: 196 mg ma
196 9.8m 4m
13.8m 196

m 14.2 kg (3 s.f.)
2. (i) Vertically downwards: 10g 4.9 10a

10 9.8 4.9 10a

93.1 10a

a 9.31 ms 2
(ii) Vertically upwards: 90 8 g 8a
90 8 9.8 8a

11.6 8a

a 1.45 ms-2
3. F ma
9 45 a

a 0.2
The acceleration of the particle is 0.2 ms-2.

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AQA M1 Newtons Laws 1 Exercise

4. F ma
40 2m

m 20
The value of m is 20.
R

10 kg

5.

F ma
T 10 5 50

The tension in the string is 50 N.

10g

6.

8 kg

F ma
8g T 8 2
T 8 9.8 16 62.4

The tension is 62.4 N.

8g
7. (i)

T
5 kg

F ma
5 g T 5 4
T 5 9.8 20 29
The tension is 29 N.

5g
(ii) The pail is moving at constant speed, so the acceleration is zero.

15 g T 0
T 15 9.8 147
The tension is 147 N.

15 kg
15g

8. First stage: acceleration

R
20 kg

1.5

F ma
20g R 20 1.5
R 20 9.8 20 1.5 166
The reaction force is 166N.

20g

R
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20 kg

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AQA M1 Newtons Laws 1 Exercise

Second stage: constant speed (so acceleration is zero)

20g R 0
R 20 9.8 196
The reaction force is 196N.

Third stage: retardation (i.e. negative acceleration)

F ma
R 20g 20 1
R 20 9.8 20 1 216
The reaction force is 216N.

9. 90 kmh-1

90000
25 ms-1
3600

v 2 u 2 2as

s 500
u 25
v 0
a ?

0 25 2 2a 500
1000a 625
a 0.625
0.625

F ma
P 2000 0.625 1250

2000 kg

v u at
0 25 0.625 t
t 40
It takes 40 seconds to come to rest.

10.

R
a

5g

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AQA M1 Newtons Laws 1 Exercise

Resolving parallel to the plane: 5 g sin 5 a

a 9.8 51 1.96
v 2 u 2 2as

u7
v 0
a 1.96
s ?

0 7 2 2 1.96s
s 12.5

It moves 12.5 m before coming to rest.

11. (i) On slope:

50

30g

Resolving down the slope: 30g sin 50 30a

5
30a 30 9.8 13
50

820
13

a 82
39
The acceleration is 2.10 ms-2 (3 s.f.)

v 2 u 2 2as

(ii) u 0

0 2 82
39 5
v 4.59

a 82
39
s5
v ?

820
39

The speed at the end of the slope is 4.59 ms-1 (3 s.f.).

(ii) On horizontal section:

50 30a

50
(iv) u

5
3

The retardation is 1.67 ms-2 (3 s.f.)

820
39

s5
a 53
v ?

30g

v 2 u 2 2as
5
v 2 820
39 2 3 5
v 2.09

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AQA M1 Newtons Laws 1 Exercise

The speed is 2.09 ms-1 (3 s.f.)

275

12. Mass of crate

g
R

0.8

45

45
275

Resolving parallel to the slope:

275
T 275 sin 45
0.8
9.8
T 217
The tension is 217 N (3 s.f.)

13.

5 kg

55
45

5g
Resolving vertically: R 55 sin 45 5 g 0

R 5 9.8 55
Friction is limiting so F R

1
2

49 552 2

F 0.6(49 552 2 ) 29.4 16.5 2

Resolving horizontally: 55 cos 45 F 5 a
55 12 29.4 16.5 2 5 a
a 6.57
The acceleration of the particle is 6.57 ms-2.

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AQA M1 Newtons Laws 1 Exercise

14. (i)

F
25
50

24
20g

Resolving perpendicular to the plane:

R 20g cos 0
24
R 20 9.8 25
188.16

Friction is limiting so F R 0.45 188.16 84.672

Resolving parallel to the plane:
50 20g sin F 20a

50 20 9.8 257 84.672 20a

a 1.0104
The acceleration is 1.0104 ms-2.
(ii)

X
F

20g

As in (i), F 84.672
Resolving parallel to the plane: X 20g sin F 20a

X 20 9.8 257 84.672 20 1.0104

X 159.76
A force of 159.76 N is required.

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