Dipol Weekly Review - TV and Sat TV, CCTV, Wlan

DIPOL Weekly Review - TV and SAT TV, CCTV, WLAN
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http://weeklyreview.dipolnet.com/document-print-inf_dipo_2016_31.htm

No. 31/2016 (Oct. 3, 2016)
Computers increasingly better understand speech. Microsoft announced a new record in speech recognition
systems. During a standard test of their system, they achieved error rate of 6.3%, the lowest value in history.
This way they defeated a team from IBM, which recently boasted a result of 6.6%. These results are impressive,
especially that people taking such tests mistakenly recognize 4% of the words.
The rapid development of voice recognition systems occurred only in recent years. In 1995, the minimum error
rate was 43%, in 2014 - 15.2%. A decrease of the error rate to values below 10% was possible with the use of
neural networks. Microsoft managed to create faster algorithms for speech recognition based on the open source
Microsoft Computational Network Toolkit (CNTK).
Optimized algorithms, along with the technique of parallel processing using GPUs, contributed to the
achievement of the record result. Scientists say that the systems will be further improved and come closer to the
results of humans. The improved quality of speech recognition will increase the comfort of using the Cortana
intelligent personal assistant and on-the-fly translations in Skype.
The competing IBM Watson has reached 6.6% error rate in speech recognition
Microsoft and other competing big companies (IBM, Google, Apple, Amazon) create better and better systems to
interact with people. The current trend is to implement such systems in modern solutions for wearable
electronics, smart homes, vehicles and other equipment. The motto guiding developers is to build devices that
can anticipate and meet user expectations by understanding speech, without having to be restricted to
predefined commands. Advanced speech recognition is one of the key issues in Microsoft's vision of constructing
devices that can "see, hear, speak and even understand".
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0 dB effect in single frequency networks (SFN). In many places where signals from the main (high-power)
DVB-T transmitter are insufficient and do not guarantee a satisfactory reception quality, it is necessary to use
auxiliary transmitters - in the case of SFN these are low power co-channel repeaters used as gap fillers for all or
selected digital multiplexes. The consequence of the additional sources of signals may be a significant difference
between signal levels of the received multiplexes, especially in the latter case. The differences can cause
reception problems when the antennas or antenna systems have high gain, and the antenna amplifiers and/or
the receivers are overdriven, which causes signal distortion.
Another significant problem that occurs in SFN solutions is called "0 dB effect." This phenomenon is particularly
noticeable in the case of receivers using less sophisticated signal processing systems and when the signals
received on the same channel have good, comparable ("0 dB") levels and very small time differences. The
problem consists in inability of the receiver to synchronize with such signals and, consequently, in distorted or no
reception. The symptoms of such a situation are often large fluctuations of signal quality level displayed by the
receiver. The "0 dB effect" is especially noticeable in the cases where:
the receiving DVB-T antenna, the low-power and high-power transmitters are located in the same line
the receiving DVB-T antenna has a wide horizontal reception angle and the both transmitters are located
within this angle
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Transmission of HDMI signal over coaxial cable. RF over coax HDMI converters/extenders allow for
transmission of HDMI signals over long distances via 75 ohm coaxial cables. In order to provide the HDMI signal
to several TVs/monitors, the output signal from the transmitter can be split by a typical TV splitter. Each of the
paths has to be terminated with the dedicated receiver. In the case of short transmission path(s), it may be
necessary to use suitable attenuator(s).
To establish the connection between the transmitter and receiver, the user must select the same channel in both
units (there is a choice among 100 TV channels). The width of the channel is 7 or 8 MHz (depending on the
channel number). The selected channel can be injected into an existing antenna system, on the condition that it
ensures necessary spacing to other channels used in the system.
H264+ compression in Turbo 3.0 DVRs. Turbo HD 3.0 DVRs can record surveillance video with the use of
advanced and very efficient H.264+ compression. The image quality is identical to that obtained by the standard
H.264 codec, however the resultant bit rates and consequently the sizes of the data files can be substantially
reduced (typically ca. 50%).
A comparison of the bit rates (Mbps) in H.264+ and H.264 video coding systems for a range of image resolutions
The H.264 + encoding method is suited to video monitoring systems. The method is characterized by a very high
level of compression, especially in the case of comparatively static scenes, prevailing in most video surveillance
systems (with no motion in the scene the bit rate is close to 0). Thanks to the reduced amount of data, the
demand for storage space is significantly lower. The use of the compression method ensures real savings, for
example one can choose a DVR model supporting two hard drives instead of a more expensive model with place
for four disks.
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Checking the continuity of fiber optic cable using a reflectometer. The stage of laying cables is always one
of the most time-consuming, and thus costly phases of each installation. In the case of fiber optic cables, they
can be easily damaged by incorrect transport or storage (microbending), so it is particularly important to check
them before installation in cable ducts, jointing chambers, walls, etc.
Theoretically, a cable can be checked using a light source and power meter, but usually it is difficult to implement
this method because of the lack of access to the other end of the cable wound on the drum. In such a situation
the proper technique is to use a reflectometer. It is enough to weld a pigtail to the free end of the cable and
connect the reflectometer. Due to the fact that there is a certain event dead zone (the minimum distance after
which a reflection can be detected by the reflectometer), the first several or so meters of the cable could not be
verified. For this reason one should connect in series an additional cable run with the necessary length.
The whole process of checking the cable on the drum takes a few minutes and allows the installer to avoid the
disastrous deployment of a damaged cable. The following figure shows an example of reflectometric
measurement of a 500-meter section of optical fiber wound on a drum. This cable was probably damaged at the
stage of production.
Verification of fiber optic cable on a drum with the use of Grandway FHO3000-D26 L5828 optical time-domain
reflectometer. Visible big damage around 348 meter. The application of the cable in an optical link would
probably result in the necessity of its replacement.
Integration of CCTV/IP CCTV and alarm systems. A CCTV or IP CCTV system can be integrated with an
alarm system with the use of alarm inputs and outputs. Hikvision IP cameras from the budget series
(DS-2CD2XXXX-X) can trigger recording on the NVR in the case of events like motion detection, crossing virtual
line, or intrusion of an area. Each event can be correlated with an alarm output of the NVR, which can be
connected to the control panel of an alarm system. If the alarm system is equipped with a notification module, it
can alert users about the occurrence of an event e.g. in the form of SMSes. The integration of the systems can
also be organized in the opposite way, by connecting the alarm outputs of the alarm control panel to the alarm
inputs of the NVR. The recording is still activated by the motion detection, crossing virtual line, or intrusion of an
area, but any alarm signal from the control panel triggers continuous recording from all cameras in the system.
With this configuration, the system normally saves the hard disk space, but in the case of activation of the alarm
system guarantees a full coverage of the emergency situation.
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Integration of IP CCTV and alarm system in a one-family house
New products
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Installation Box for Compact Cameras PFA134 M5714 has been designed for
Hikvision compact cameras, i.e. M7551, M7552, M7553, M7556, M7562, M7563,
M7566, M7567, M7569, K17638, K1777. The space inside the box is sufficient for
hiding cable connections. The box is made of aluminum.
Single-mode Patch Cord ULTIMODE PC-523 L3223 is a section of fiber optic cable
with a length of 1 meter, terminated on one end with SC/APC connector, and on the
other end with FC/APC connector.
Anchoring Clamp TELENCO DROP 3-6 mm E8575 allows the suspension of a cable
including a short reserve of it. The entire clamp is coated with a UV protective layer.
The clamp is designed for cables with a diameter between 3 and 6 mm.
News
September 26, 2016 - over 10 thousand subscribers of the biweekly Special Offers Info. The latest Special
Offers Info in Polish got through to over 10,000 subscribers, and in other languages to 2,000 subscribers. Every
two weeks the subscribers receive into their email inboxes information about the current promotions with
individual special prices. This is the key to the best prices currently available. To be covered by the program of
price promotions, you should simply register at DIPOL e-Store and agree to receive the electronic information.
We invite you to try!
The Special Offers Info has been issued since November 22, 2013.
Worth reading
Video monitoring of an apartment house based on Hikvision IP cameras and NVR. The diagram of the IP
CCTV system in an apartment building, based on Hikvision cameras and NVR, is shown below. The building is
monitored by 18 IP cameras K1787 with 4 MP resolution, mounted around it. Each of the cameras is equipped
with 4 mm lens and IR illuminator made in EXIR technology, with range up to 50 m. The layout of the megapixel
cameras allows for the identification of the people around the building, including potential vandals, and for the
monitoring of the parking area... >>>more
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Video monitoring of an apartment house based on Hikvision IP cameras and NVR,

with car access control by K17891 cameras with LPR function
Index of published issues
Net9 - new series of TERRA multiswitches
10/3/2016 11:45 AM

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