Chloie Irene M.

Esquillo
October 3, 2016
11 STEM 6 st. Gertrude the great
#12

1. (http://www.google.com.ph/patents/US5114593 )- Patents
The method of absorbing oil for clean-up comprising applying dry and
pulverized aquatic lily to the spilled oil. The powdered water lily can be applied to
both spills on land and water without adverse ecological effects.
The invention relates to the use of an absorbent material in the form of dried and
pulverized water lily to absorb spilled liquid, in particular, spilled oil products.

2. (http://www.mexiconewsnetwork.com/adventure/lilies-combat-oil/)- DaniaVargas
Austryjak
Monday, 2015-08-24 (14:04:49)
According to Vargas, in Mexico the water hyacinth is considered an invasive plant, a
plague and even a pollutant of water bodies. However, it also a renewable resource, an
environmental asset and a plant that protects the ecosystem through its ability to operate as a
biological filter, capable of containing oil and hydrocarbons spills and suppressing the emission
of greenhouse gases.
The researcher explained that, currently in Mexico, approximately 200 tons of fresh lilies can be
obtained from one hectare. On a national scale, there exist 70,000 hectares between lakes, rivers,
dams and canals infested with this plant.
Within this context, he considered that the developed project fulfills a sustainable function by
helping eliminate the problem of water hyacinth management, turning it simultaneously into a
solution to other environmental problems such as oil and hydrocarbons spills.
3. (http://nagacentralschool1-waterlily.blogspot.com/p/focusstudy.html)-Focus study
Water hyacinth is a free-floating perennial plant that can grow to a height of 3 feet. The dark
green leave blades are circular to elliptical in shape attached to a spongy, inflated petiole.
Underneath the water is a thick, heavily branched, dark fibrous root system. The water hyacinth
has striking light blue to violet flowers located on a terminal spike. Water hyacinth is a very
aggressive invader and can form thick mats. If these mats cover the entire surface of the rivers

they can cause oxygen depletions and fish kills. Water hyacinths should be controlled so they do
not cover most part of the river.
4. (sip-mnhs.blogspot.com/2011/10/environmental-briquette-from-water.html-Mrs.
Ma. Regaele A. Olarte)
Water hyacinth is an aquatic plant which could well be used, instead of wood, in generating an
alternative source of energy. The processing of water hyacinth into briquette would have a
significant role not only in the development of an alternative fuel, but also in the preservation of
the environment. The water hyacinth that was harvested, dried, and pulverized was mixed with
cassava starch and acacia seed binder by being compressed into briquettes in a manuallyoperated machine. The experimental set-up made use of dry and fresh water hyacinth while a
traditional charcoal served as the control. In all the quality tests done, T- test showed that there
was no significant difference between the experimental product and the commercial product in
terms of various parameters, at 0.05 level of significance. The results of experimentation and
data analysis showed that the experimental product is just as effective as the commercial
briquette, with better potential of helping the environment by reducing the negative
consequences brought about by water hyacinths rapid profusion. Thus, the environmental
briquette made from water hyacinth with acacia seeds as binding agent could be an effective
alternative to the traditional charcoal made from burning of wood.
(www.rrt5.org/Documents/Habitat/RFA_HabitatFactSheets.pdf)- NLAND STRANDED
OIL HABITAT FACT SHEET FOR RESPONSE:ROOTED-FLOATING AQUATICS
The rooted floating aquatics habitat is those portions of lakes, ponds, marshes, backwaters, or
channel borders that are >10% vegetated with water lilies (Nymphaea and Nuphar ) or a merican
lotus (Nelumbo). While this habitat is dominated by rooted floating aquatics, it may have
inclusions of submersed, non rooted floating aquatics, or emergent vegetation. It is typically
found in areas which are flooded year round and have water depths of between 0.25 and 2
meters. During normal water conditions, there is little flow. During flood conditions, these
habitats can be connected to rivers or streams, have strong currents , and the potential to carry
large amounts of debris .
5. (http://phys.org/news/2015-06-biodegradable-absorbent-lily-oil.html) Biodegradable
absorbent from water lily to attend oil spills
June 2, 2015
The water lily transformed from a plague to the main ingredient of a biodegradable absorbent that
resolves spills or leaks of hydrocarbons, oils and other industrial substances, both in solid surfaces such as
concrete, asphalt, earth and rivers, says Jose Carlos Vargas Soto , CEO of the Mexican company TEMA.

The product is applicable to various industries, including automotive, energy, mining and food sectors.
The absorbent is marketed at different levels: in bulk for soil remediation and dispersion of hydrocarbons,
while pillows and barriers were designed to attend to spills that solve the problem in a more practical way.
According to laboratory tests, a kilo of the product can absorb up to four liters of hydrocarbons. When
applied to other substances such as oils or inks, the product's capacity was 20 fold higher.
When the powdered form is applied on a solid surface, it is integrated with hydrocarbons to form a
conglomerate that allows easy handling. In the case of rivers or oceans, the absorbent is eliminated and
replaced with a dispersant that breaks up pollution spots and facilitates remediation of the affected area,
said the director of TEMA.
Ironically, even though the plant is a pest in rivers and disrupts production activities in the primary sector,
its grinding or elimination by chemicals such as glyphosate cause decomposition of organic matter,
reinstatement of contaminants, available oxygen depletion, changes in the environmental context and
generation of greenhouse gases.
Therefore, the company has implemented purification of the water lily, which oxidizes organic matter via
bacteria associated with the root of the plant. This action favors oxygen transport, which facilitates the
plant's absorption of nitrogen.
6. (www.itopf.com/fileadmin/data/Documents/Papers/IOSC14_ApplyingInternationalStandar
ds.pdf)- 2014 INTERNATIONALOIL SPILL CONFERENCE

It is accepted international practice that the level of effort invested in oil spill
contingency planning and preparedness should be related to the best available,
location-specific risk evaluations. Accordingly, high riskand/or highly sensitive
areas often see greater degrees of planning and pre-incident resource allocation
than low risk areas. High risk areas typically include navigational choke pointsfor
shipping or approaches to ports; highly sensitive areas.
7.

(https://www.fws.gov/alaska/fisheries/contaminants/pdf/Polar
%20Bear%20WRP%20final%20v8_Public%20website.pdf)-OIL SPILL
RESPONSE PLAN

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) employees respond as part of the Incident
Command System (ICS) structure described in the Region 7
Spill Response Plan for Oil and Hazardous Substances, available at
https://inside.fws.gov/go/post/r7_spill_response.A field pocket guide is also available at
this site.

8. (pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2015/em/c5em00005j#!divAbstract)Bioremediation of the oil spill polluted marine intertidal zone and its toxicity
effect on microalgae
Custom-designed devices with 0.6 m (L) 0.3 m (W) 0.4 m (H) and a microbial
consortium were applied to simulate bioremediation on the oil spill polluted marine
intertidal zone. After the bioremediation, the removal efficiency of n-alkanes and
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon homologues in crude oil evaluated by GC-MS were
higher than 58% and 41% respectively. Besides, the acute toxicity effects of crude
oil on three microalgae, i.e. Dicrateria sp., Skeletonema costatum and
Phaeodactylum tricornutum, varied with concentration. The effects of microbe and
surfactant treated water on the three microalgae followed a decreasing order: the
microbial consortium plus Tween-80 > the microbial consortium > Tween-80. During
96 h, the cell densities of the three microalgae in treated seawater increased from
4.0 105, 1.0 105 and 2.5 105 cells per mL to 1.7 106, 8.5 105 and 2.5 106
cells per mL, respectively, which illustrated that the quality of seawater
contaminated by crude oil was significantly improved by the bioremediation.