ME5194 Engineering Acoustics

Professor Harne
The Ohio State University, Autumn 2016
Homework #3
Assigned: Tues. Sept. 20, 2016
Due: no later than Thurs. Sept. 29, 2016, 12:45 pm (in class).
Guidelines: Homeworks are individual efforts. All Homework submissions must be submitted in paper form and
must be stapled in the top left corner All Homework submissions must include page numbering and a header on
every page, where the header includes: Name, name.#, Homework # (where the red text indicates the appropriate
substitution) Word processed (i.e. from Microsoft Word) or legible, hand-written assignments are acceptable
Show your work and indicate solutions by circling, emphasizing, or underlining those results All plots must be
generated in MATLAB Include MATLAB code used to generate any plotted or data results Label all curves and
axes on plots or sketches Late submissions will not be accepted without a valid reason.

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1. A spherically-symmetric acoustic pressure wave has a sound power level L =80 [dB] at 5 [m].
Use standard reference values of sound power and pressure for acoustic waves in air.
(a) What is the SPL at 5 [m]?
(b) What is the amplitude of the acoustic pressure wave at 5 [m]?
(c) What is the SPL at 20 [m]?
(d) What is the L at 20 [m]?
2. The Euler's equation for uniform spherical wave radiation is
acoustic pressure wave of

p r, t

p
u
. (a) Considering an
0
r
t

A j t kr
, show that the particle velocity is
e
r

1 p r, t

and that the imaginary component of the specific acoustic impedance

u r , t 1 j
kr 0 c

kr
p
is Im z Im 0 c
. (b) Plot the real and imaginary components of the specific
2
u

1 kr

acoustic impedance normalized by the plane wave impedance 0 c as a function of kr 0,12

. (c) Numerically compute the value of kr at which the real component of the specific acoustic
impedance exceeds the imaginary component for greater values of kr . (d) What does the result
in (c) indicate about acoustic energy transfer with respect to change in the parameter kr ? Hint:
recall remarks made about driven plane wave propagation.
3. A monopole with radius a =0.1 [m] oscillates at frequency f with a uniform surface normal
velocity amplitude that is everywhere U . Assume the acoustic fluid is air.
(a) What is the relative change in normal velocity amplitude U required to maintain an SPL of 86
[dB] at 10 [m] when the monopole changes from operating at f of 300 [Hz] to 3 [kHz]?
1

(b) What is the relative change in normal velocity amplitude U required to maintain an SPL of 86
[dB] at f of 1 [kHz] when the receiver moves from 10 [m] to 100 [m]?
4. The overall SPL in a factory is originally at a level of 88 [dB]. A new machine is placed in the
factory and the SPL is raised to 93 [dB]. What is the SPL associated with the new machine?
5. Consider the arbitrary number N of monopoles in an arbitrarily-configured array operating at
the same frequency and phase, shown in Figure 1, that is representative of an arbitrarily-shaped
source of sound. The maximum characteristic dimension of the monopole array is d and the
distance between the geometric center of the array and the field point is r . Show that at low
frequency, d , and in the geometric far field r d , the array radiates like a single

monopole source such that p r , t

N
n 1

Pn

e j t kr .

Figure 1

6. Consider the array of monopole sources shown in Figure 2. Each source is driven with the
same amplitude of pressure P and is driven at the same frequency and phase.
(a) Derive the expression for the geometric far field sound pressure for the array p r , t . Simplify
the expression using Euler's identity, whether by hand or by symbolic computer software.
(b) Plot the directivity of the array with the maximum value scaled to 60 [dB]. Consider the case
kd1 2 and kd2 3 . How many pressure nodes exist within the angular range 0,90 and
approximately at what angles do they occur?

Figure 2