Centre

Number

Surname
Other Names

Candidate
Number
0

GCSE
4241/02
GEOGRAPHY
SPECIFICATION B
HIGHER TIER
UNIT 1
A.M. THURSDAY, 14 June 2012
1 hour

For examiners use only

4 2 41
0 2 0 0 01

Question 1
Question 2
Total Marks

60

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Use black ink or black ball-point pen. Do not use gel pen or correction fluid.
Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page.
Answer both questions. At the end of each question there is a choice of case studies.
Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.
If you run out of space, use the continuation page at the back of the booklet, taking care to
number the question(s) correctly.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part-question.
You are reminded that assessment will take into account the quality of written communication
used in the case study question of each theme.

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Theme 1: Challenges of Living in a Built Environment

Answer all parts of (a) to (d). There is a choice of questions in (e).
1. (a) Study the maps below.
A377

Key

Exeter

A39

roads
settlements

A30
A39

Bodmin
Newquay

A38

A391

A380

A386

A39

Exmouth

A38

Somerset

Newton
Abbot

A38
Plymouth

A390
St. Ives

Wales

Devon

Torquay
Dartmouth

Lanreath

A394

Penzance

A376

A30

A388

A30

M5

A30

all
nw
or

Lanreath

Falmouth
Helston

10

20

Describe the location of Lanreath.

40

50km

[3]

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(b) Study the newspaper extract below.

SEPTEMBER 2004: LANREATH LOSES BATTLE TO KEEP LOCAL SHOP AND POST OFFICE
Residents of Lanreath complained that the recent shop and Post Office closure means that it is now a
4 mile round trip to their nearest shop. Lanreath has already suffered the loss of its pub and local bus
service due to falling demand.
They are also worried about the future of their 200 year old primary school, which is under threat of
closure.

(i) Village shops sell mainly low order goods. What is meant by the term low order
goods? [1]

(ii) Give and explain two ways in which the loss of services in Lanreath village could
affect the quality of life for different groups of people living there.
[4]

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020 0 03

(c) Study the graph below.

Openings of community owned shops in the UK supported by a rural charity
45
40

Number of shops opened

35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000
Year

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

The Plunkett Foundation is a Charity. It helps small towns and villages, including
Lanreath, to set up and run their own shops and post offices.
(i)
Complete the graph above to show that 20 new stores were opened in 2004.

(ii)

[1]

Describe the trend of the graph between 1990 and 2010. Use figures in your answer.
[3]

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(d) Read the information below.

June 2008: Rural charity helps new shop to open in Lanreath village
I work part-time as a manager in the
shop. I am paid to do this. We have 18
unpaid volunteers who help to run it.
I am unemployed and work as
a volunteer in the shop. We sell
products from local farmers and
local craftworkers.

(i) Explain how the opening of the new shop may have affected the quality of life for
different groups of people living in Lanreath.
[4]
4 2 41
020 0 05

(ii) Counter-urbanisation is the increase in people moving from urban areas to live
in rural areas. One reason is the improvement in ICT facilities, such as internet
broadband. Suggest one other reason for counter-urbanisation.
[1]

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(iii) The population in some rural villages, like Lanreath, is increasing as a result of
counter-urbanisation. Explain the effects that counter-urbanisation might have on
different groups of people living in rural villages.
[5]

(e)
Case Studies
Answer only one of the questions, either (i) or (ii).

Either


(i) For a service in a town or city:

Tick ()
your choice

Name the service.

Describe the distribution of this service within the town or city.

Explain how access to this service varies for different groups of
people.

Or

(ii) For a town or city where there are variations in quality of life.

Name and locate the town or city.

Describe how the quality of life varies in different parts of the
town/city.

Explain why quality of life varies between these places.
[8]

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4 2 41
020007

Total mark 30

End of Theme 1

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Theme 2: People and the Natural World Interactions

Answer all parts of (a) to (d). There is a choice of question in (e).

400

40

350

35

300

30

250

25

200

20

150

15

100

10

50

Jan

Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct

Precipitation mm

Nov Dec

Temperature C

Precipitation mm

2. (a) Study the climate graph of Kipini, in Kenya, below.

Temperature C

Describe the pattern of precipitation throughout the whole year in Kipini. Refer
to figures in your answer.
[2]

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Map of Kenya showing the location of the Tana River Delta in Kenya
SUDAN

Key
ETHIOPIA

High land

Lake
Turkana

UGANDA

Low lying
land

SOMALIA

KENYA

Capital city

Mount Kenya

Garissa

NAIROBI

Tana River
Delta
N

hi
At

Masai Mara
Game Park

Nyeri

Tan

Lake
Victoria

Machakos

Settlement

Equator

Tsavo
National Park

Kipini
Galana

Malindi

INDIAN
OCEAN

Mombasa

TANZANIA

100 km

The Tana River Delta in Kenya floods during the rainy season. During the dry season people
move their cattle from the dry area to live on the delta. 30,000 farmers and fishermen rely on
the delta for their jobs.

(i) Use the map above to describe the course of the Tana River from source to
mouth. [3]

(b)

(ii) The Tana Delta is formed as a result of deposition.
What is meant by the term deposition?

[1]

(iii) The floodplain of the Tana River Delta is used by farmers. Give one feature of a
floodplain that makes it good for farming.
[1]

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(c)
Study the photograph below. It shows a meander on the Tana Delta, Kenya.

cross section
of river

(i) Identify the two landforms labelled on the photograph above:

[2]

A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Describe how a river erodes and transports material along its channel.

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[4]

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BLANK PAGE
PLEASE DO NOT WRITE
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(d) Study the information below about the Tana Integrated Sugar Project (TISP)

The Tana River Delta

T
River
ana

Key
Mangrove trees

Kulesa

Mfumbwe

TISP
(Tana Integrated Sugar Project)
Sugar cane for biofuel
Rice
Livestock
Other farming

Garsen

Main road
River
Dry river bed

Ngao
Hippo
lake

River T

ana

Ozi
Kipini

UNGWANA
BAY

INDIAN
OCEAN

5 km

The TISP (Tana Integrated Sugar Project) is going to change the land use
of the Tana River Delta. It will employ 40,000 people in an area where
the people are very poor.
The TISP will take a third of the Tana Rivers water for irrigating the
sugar cane. The processing factories will also need water and they will
produce a lot of waste which will go into the Tana River.
Many local people have objected to the TISP because it threatens the
local water cycle and might cause serious damage to the delta.

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(i) Explain how the activities of the TISP might affect the River Tana and its delta.
[4]

(ii)

Explain how an unreliable supply of water might affect the quality of life of people
[5]
living in the Tana delta area.

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(e)
Case Studies
Answer only one of the questions, either (i) or (ii).


Either

Tick ()
your choice

(i) For a period of weather caused by high or low pressure:

Name and locate the area affected by the weather.

Describe the main features of the weather.
Explain how the weather affected different groups of people.

Or

(ii) For a river or coastal landform that affects the lives of people:

Name and locate the landform.

Describe the main features of the landform.

Explain how the landform affects the lives of different groups of
people.

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[8]

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Total marks = 30

End of Theme 2

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Question
number

Write the question numbers in the left-hand margin

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