We FAX TO: — Office of Management and Budget FROM: Sheron D. Lee FAX #: 202-395-3888 PHONE#: 202-395-3080 DATE:9/29/2016 # OF PAGES:23 including cover sheet TO: Director Shaun Donovan RE: Ethnicity and Race Identification Standard Form181 This request is regarding the fax of form Standard Form 181 and supporting resolutions to the Office of Management and Budget, 1 Sheron Demetriees Lee am requesting that you provide proof reflecting the change in status Respectfully Yours, Sheron D. Lee ce: President Barack ObamaHP Officejet Pro 8620 Series Fax Log for ‘olmeccafinancial 6784018908 ‘Sep 29 2016 6:50PM Last Transaction Date Time Type Station 1D Duration Pages Result Digital Fax Sep 29 6:34PM Fax Sent 2023953888 16:24 23 ok NAaly TO: SSA Office of International Affairs FROM: Sheron D. Lee FAX #: 8773850645 DATE: 9/29/2016 # OF PAGES:23 including fax cover sheet — | To: The SSA Office of International Affairs | This request is regarding the fax of form Standard Form 181 and supporting resolutions to the SSA Office of Intemational Affairs. 1 Sheron Demetrices Lee am requesting that you provide proof reflecting the change in status, Thank You, Sheron D. LeeHP Officejet Pro 8620 Series Fax Log for olmeccafinancial 6784018908 Sep 29 2016 7:20PM Last Transaction Date Time. ‘Type Station ID Duration Pages Result Digital Fax Sep 29 7:12PM — Fax Sent 18773850645 827 23K NAUS. Office of Personnel Management Guide to Personnel Data Standards ETHNICITY AND RACE IDENTIFICATION (Please read the Privacy Act Statement and instructions before completing form.) and Ethnicity. Providing thi individuals for personnel research studies. used to obtain it, Namo (Last, First, Middle Initial) Sodial Security Number Birthdate (Month and Year) Lee, Sheron D. ES osiig72 “Agency Use Only | Privacy Act Statement Ethnicity and race information is requested under the authority of 42 U.S.C, Section 2000e-16 and in compliance with the Office of Management and Budget's 1997 Revisions to the Standards for the Classification of Federal Data on Race information is voluntary and has no impact on your employment status, but in the instance (of missing information, your employing agency will attempt to identify your race and ethnicity by visual observation, ‘This Information is used as necessary to plan for equal employment opportunity throughout the Federal government. It 's also used by the U. S. Office of Personnel Management or employing agency maintaining the records to locate ‘oF survey response and in the production of summary descriptive statistics and analytical studies in support of the function for which the records are collected and maintained, or for related workforce Social Security Number (SSN) Is requested under the authority of Executive Order 9397, wt {27 ihe purpose of uniform, orderly administration of personnel records. Providing this information is voluntary and fallure to do so wil have no effect on your employment status. If SSN is not provided, however, other agency sources may be requires SSN be used question 1, go to question 2. ‘Specific Instructions: The two questions below are designed to identify your ethniily and race. Regardless of your answer to ‘Spanish culture or origin, regardless of race.) Yes “No box. Check as many as apply Question 1. Are You Hispanic or Latino? (A person of Cuban, Mexican, Puerio Rican, South or Cental Amarican, or other Question 2. Please select the racial category or categories with which you most closely kenty by placing an Xin the appropriate RACIAL CATEGORY I (Check as many as apply) 52 American Indian or Alaska Native Asian 1 Black or African American (C1 Native Hawaiian or Other Pacif islander 5 white DEFINITION OF CATEGORY ‘A person having origins in any of the original peoples of North and South America {inctusing Central America), and who maintains tribal affliaion or community attachment. ‘A person having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, of the Indian subcontinent including, for example, Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Korea, Melaysia, Pakistan, the Philippine Islands, Thailand, and Vietnam, ‘A person having origins in any of the black racial groups of Aftica. ‘A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Hawaii, Guam, Samoa, or ‘thor Pacific Islands. ‘A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Attica. ‘Standard Form 181 Revised August 2005 Previous editons net usable 42 U.S.C. Section 2000-18 NSN 7540-01-099-2448eae a 110TH CONGRESS mS" HJ, RES. 3 To acknowledge a long history of official depredations and ill-conceived policies by the United States Government regarding Indian tribes and offer an apology to all Native Peoples on behalt’ of the United States. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Sanuany 4, 2007 Mis. Jo ANN Davis of Virginia introduced the following joint resolution; ‘which was referred to the Committee on Natura Resources JOINT RESOLUTION To acknowledge a long history of official depredations and ill-conceived policies by the United States Government regarding Indian tribes and offer an apology to all Native Peoples on behalf of the United States Whereas the ancestors of today’s Native Peoples inhabited the land of the present-day United States since time im- memorial and for thousands of years before the arrival of peoples of European descent; Whereas the Native Peoples have for millennia honored, pro- tected, and stewarded this land we cherish; Whereas the Native Peoples are spiritual peoples with a deep and abiding belicf in the Creator, and for millennia their peoples have maintained a powerful spiritual conneetion2 to this land, as is evidenced by their customs and leg- ends; Whereas the arrival of Europeans in North America opened a new chapter in the histories of the Native Peoples; Whereas, while establishment of permanent European settle- ments in North America did stir conflict with nearby In- dian tribes, peaceful and mutually beneficial interactions also took place; Whereas the foundational English settlements in Jamestown, Virginia, and Plymouth, Massachusetts, owed their sur- vival in large measure to the compassion and aid of the Native Peoples in their vieinities; Whereas, in the infancy of the United States, the founders of the Republic expressed their desire for a just relation- ship with the Indian tribes, as evidenced by the North- west Ordinance enacted by Congress in 1787, which be- gins with the phrase, “The utmost good faith shall al- ways be observed toward the Indians”; Whereas Indian tribes provided great assistance to the fledg- Jing Republic as it strengthened and grew, including in- valuable help to Meriwether Lewis and William Clark on their epic journey from St. Louis, Missouri, to the Pacific Coast; Whereas Native Peoples and non-Nalive settlers engaged in numerous armed conflicts; Whereas the United States Government violated many of the treaties ratified by Congress and other diplomatic agree- ments with Indian tribes; Whereas this Nation should address the broken treaties and many of the more ill-conceived Federal policies that fol- lowed, such as extermination, termination, forved removal “Hs 9 13 and relocation, the outlawing of traditional religions, and the destruction of saered places; ‘Whereas the United States forved Indian tribes and their citi- zens to move away from their traditional homelands and onto federally established and controlled reservations, in accordance with such Acts as the Indian Removal Act of 1830; ‘Whereas many Native Peoples suffered and perished— (1) during the excention of the official United States Government policy of forced removal, including the infa- mous Trail of Tears and Long Wall; (2) during bloody armed confrontations and mas- sacres, such as the Sand Creek Massacre in 1864 and the Wounded Knee Massacre in 1890; and (3) on numerous Indian reservations; ‘Whereas the United States Government condemned the tradi- tions, beliefs, and customs of the Native Peoples and en- deavored to assimilate them by such policies as the redis- tribution of land under the General Allotment Act of 1887 and the forcible removal of Native children from their families to faraway boarding schools where their Native practives and languages were degraded and for- bidden; Whereas officials of the United States Government and pri- vate United States citizens harmed Native Peoples by the tnlawful acquisition of recognized tribal land, the theft of resources from such territories, and the mismanagement of tribal trust funds; Whereas the policies of the United States Government toward Indian tribes and the breaking of covenants with Indian4 wwibes have contributed to the severe social ills and ceo- nomic troubles in many Native communities today; Whereas, despite continuing maltreatment of Native Peoples by the United States, the Native Peoples have remained committed to the proteetion of this great land, as evi- deneed by the faet that, on a per capita basis, more Na- tive people have served in the United States Armed Fores and placed themselves in harm’s way in defense of the United States in every major military conflict than any other ethnic group; Whereas Indian tribes have actively influeneed the public life of the United States by continued cooperation with Con- gress and the Department of the Interior, through the in- volvement of Native individuals in official United States Government positions, and by leadership of their own sovereign Indian tribes; Whereas Indian tribes are resilient and determined to pre- serve, develop, and transmit to future generations their unique cultural identiti Whereas the National Museum of the American Indian was established within the Smithsonian Institution as a living memorial to the Native Peoples and their traditions; and Whereas Native Peoples are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, and that among those are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness: Now, therefore, be it 1 Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives 2 of the United Stutes of America in Congress assembled, om a 1Car nueu no Ff SECTION 1, ACKNOWLEDGEMENT AND APOLOGY. ‘The United States, acting through Congress— (1) recognizes the special logal and political relation- ship the Indian tribes have with the United States and the solemn covenant with the land we share; (2) commends and honors the Native Peoples for the thousands of years that they have stewarded and protected this land; (8) acknowledges years of official depredations, ill- conevived policies, and the breaking of covenants by the United States Government regarding Indian tribes; (4) apologizes on behalf of the people of the United States to all Native Peoples for the many instances of vio- lence, maltreatment, and neglect inflicted on Native Peo- ples by citizens of the United States; (5) expresses its regret for the ramifications of former offenses and its commitment to build on the posi- tive relationships of the past. and present to move toward a brighter future where all the people of this land live ree- onciled as brothers and sisters, and harmoniously steward and protect this land together; (6) urges the President to acknowledge the offenses of the United States against Indian tribes in the history of the United States in order to bring healing to this land by providing a proper foundation for reconciliation be- tween the United States and Indian tribes; and sa 56 (7) commends the State governments that have begun reconciliation efforts with recognized Indian tribes located in their boundaries and encourages all State gov- ernments similarly to work toward reeoneiling relation- ships with Indian tribes within their boundaries, SEC. 2, DISCLAIMER. Nothing in this Joint Resolution authorizes any claim against the United States or serves as a settlement of any claim against the United States. ° usmH. Res. 194 In the House of Representatives, U. S., Tuly 29, 2008. Whereas millions of Africans and their descendants were enslaved in the United States and the 13 American colo- nies from 1619 through 1865; Whereas slavery in America resembled no other form of invol- untary servitude known in history, as Africans were eap- tured and sold at auction like inanimate objects or ani- mals; Whereas Africans foreed into slavery were brutalized, humili- ated, dehumanized, and subjected to the indignity of being stripped of their names and heritage; Whereas enslaved families were torn apart after having been sold separately from one another; Whereas the system of slavery and the visceral 1: cism against persons of African descent upon which it depended be- came entrenched in the Nation's social faby Whereas slavery was not officially abolished until the passage of the 13th Amendment to the United States Constitu- tion in 1865 after the end of the Civil War; Whereas after emancipation from 246 years of slavery, Afti- can-Americans soon saw the fleeting political, social, and economic gains they made during Reconstruction evis- ‘ated by virulent racism, Iynchings, disenfranchisement,2 Black Codes, and racial segregation laws that imposed a rigid system of officially sanctioned racial segregation in virtually all areas of life; Whereas the system of de jure racial segregation known as “Jim Crow,” which arose in certain parts of the Nation following the Civil War to create separate and unequal societies for whites and African-Americans, was a direct result of the racism against persons of African descent engendered by slavery; Whereas a century after the official end of slavery in Amer- iea, Federal action was required during the 1960s to eliminate the dejure and defacto system of Jim Crow throughout parts of the Nation, though its vestiges still linger to this day; Whereas African-Americans continue to suffer from the com- plex interplay between slavery and Jim Crow—long after both systems were formally abolished—through enormous damage and loss, both tangible and intangible, including the loss of human dignity, the frustration of careers and professional lives, and the long-term loss of income and opportunity; Whereas the story of the enslavement and de jure segregation of African-Americans and the dehumanizing atrocities committed against them should not be purged from or minimized in the telling of American history; Whereas on July 8, 2003, during a trip to Goree Island, Sen- egal, a former slave port, President George W. Bush ac- knowledged slavery’s continuing legacy in American life and the need to confront that legacy when he stated that slavery “was .. . one of the greatest crimes of history The racial bigotry fed by slavery did not end with “HRES 194 EH3 slavery or with segregation. And many of the issues that still trouble America have roots in the bitter experience of other times. But however long the journey, our destiny is set: liberty and justice for all.”; Whereas President Bill Clinton also acknowledged the deep- seated problems caused by the continuing legacy of rac- ism against African-Americans that began with slavery when he initiated a national dialogue about race; Whereas a genuine apology is an important, and necessary first step in the process of racial reconcili ion; Whereas an apology for centuries of brutal dehumanization and injustices cannot erase the past, but confession of the wrongs committed can speed al healing and rec- oneiliation and help Americans confront the ghosts of their past; Whereas the legislature of the Commonwealth of Virginia has recently taken the lead in adopting a resolution officially expressing appropriate remorse for slavery and other State legislatures have adopted or are considering similar resolutions; and Whereas it is important for this country, which legally recog- nized slavery through its Constitution and its laws, to make a formal apology for slavery and for its successor, Jim Crow, so that it can move forward and seek ree- oneiliation, justice, and harmony for all of its citizens: Now, therefore, be it Resolved, That the House of Representatives— (1) acknowledges that slavery is incompatible with the basic founding principles recognized in the Deelara- tion of Independence that all men are created equal; sHRES 194 EH4 (2) acknowledges the fundamental injustice, cruelty, brutality, and inhumanity of slavery and Jim Crow; (3) apologizes to African Americans on behalf of the people of the United States, for the wrongs committed against them and their ancestors who suffered under slavery and Jim Crow; and (4) expresses its commitment to rectify the lin- gering consequences of the misdeeds committed against African Americans under slavery and Jim Crow and to stop the occurrence of human rights violations in the fa- ture. Attest: Clerk. cHRES 194 EHw “iss” §, CON, RES, 26 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ‘Tone 18, 2009 Referred to the Committee on the Judiciary CONCURRENT RESOLUTION Apologizing for the enslavement. and racial segregation of African-Americans, Whereas during the history of the Nation, the United States has grown into a symbol of democracy and freedom around the world; Whereas the legacy of African-Americans is interwoven with the very fabrie of the democraey and freedom of the United States; Whereas millions of Africans and their descendants were enslaved in the United States and the 13 American colo- nies from 1619 through 1865; Whereas Africans foreed into slavery were brutalized, humili- ated, dehumanized, and subjected to the indignity of being stripped of their names and heritage; Whereas many enslaved families were torn apart after family members were sold separately;2 Whereas the system of slavery and the viseeral racism against people of African descent upon which it depended became enmeshed in the social fabrie of the United States; Whereas slavery was not officially abolished until the ratifica- tion of the 13th amendment to the Constitution of the United States in 1865, after the end of the Civil War; Whereas after emancipation from 246 years of slavery, Afii- can-Americans soon saw the fleeting politieal, social, and eeonomie gains they made during Reconstruction evis- cerated by virulent racism, lynchings, disenfranchisement, Black Codes, and racial segregation laws that imposed a rigid system of officially sanctioned racial segregation in virtually all areas of life; Whereas the system of de jure racial segregation known as “Jim Crow”, which arose in certain parts of the United States after the Civil War to ereate separate and unequal societies for Whites and African-Americans, was a direct result of the racism against people of African descent that was engendered by slavery; Whereas the system of Jim Crow laws officially existed until the 1960s—a century after the official end of slavery in the United States—until Congress took action to end it, but the vestiges of Jim Crow continue to this day; Whereas Afriean-Americans continue to suffer from the con- sequences of slavery and Jim Crow Jaws—long after both systems were formally abolished—through enormous damage and loss, both tangible and intangible, including the loss of human dignity and liberty; ‘Whereas the story of the enslavement and de jure segregation of African-Americans and the dehumanizing atrocities committed against them should not be purged from or SCON 26 RFE3 minimized in the telling of the history of the United States; ‘Whereas those Afriean-Amerieans who suffered under slavery and Jim Crow laws, and their descendants, exemplify the strength of the human character and provide a model of courage, commitment, and perseverance; Whereas on July 8, 2003, during a trip to Goree Island, Sen- egal, a former slave port, President George W. Bush ac- knowledged the continuing legacy of slavery in life in the United States and the need to confront that legacy, when he stated that slavery “was . . . one of the greatest crimes of history . . . The racial bigotry fed by slavery did not end with slavery or with segregation. And many of the issues that still trouble America have roots in the bitter experience of other times. But however Jong the Journey, our destiny is set: liberty and justice for all.”; ‘Whereas President Bill Clinton also acknowledged the deep- seated problems caused by the continuing legacy of rae- ism against African-Americans that began with slavery, when he initiated a national dialogue about race; Whereas an apology for centuries of brutal dehumanization and injustices cannot erase the past, but confession of the wrongs committed and a formal epology to African- Americans will help bind the wounds of the Nation that are rooted in slavery and can speed racial healing and reconciliation and help the people of the United States understand the past and honor the history of all people of the United States; Whereas the legislatures of the Commonwealth of Virginia and the States of Alabama, Florida, Maryland, and North Carolina have taken the lead in adopting resolu- SCON 26 REE4 tions officially expressing appropriate remorse for slavery, and other State legislatures are considering similar reso- Intions; and Whereas it is important for the people of the United States, who legally recognized slavery through the Constitution and the laws of the United States, to make a formal apology for slavery and for its successor, Jim Crow, so they can move forward and seek reconciliation, justice, and harmony for all people of the United States: Now, therefore, be it 1 Resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives 2 concurring), That the sense of the Congress is the fol 3 lowing: 4 (1) APOLOGY FOR THE ENSLAVEMENT AND 5 SEGREGATION OF APRICAN-AMERICANS.—The Con- 6 gress— 7 (A) acknowledges the fundamental injus- 8 tice, eruelty, brutality, and inhumanity of slav- 9 ery and Jim Crow laws; 10 (B) apologizes to African-Amerieans on be- u half of the people of the United States, for the 12 wrongs committed against them and their an- 2B cestors who suffered under slavery and Jim 14 Crow laws; and 15 (C) expresses its recommitment to the 16 principle that all people are created equal and 7 endowed with inalienable rights to life, liberty, SCON 26 REE5 and the pursuit of happiness, and calls on all people of the United States to work toward eliminating racial prejudices, injustices, and dis- crimination from our society. (2) DisciatntgR.—Nothing in this resolution— (A) authorizes or supports any claim against the United States; or (B) serves as a settlement of any claim Car anwaeana against the United States Passed the Senate June 18, 2009. Attest: NANCY ERICKSON, Seoretary, SCON 26 RFE‘Apostle Ler Issues Mot Proprio On the Jrisletion of Judicial Autores of Vatican City Staten Criminal Matirs (11 July 2019) | Francie APOSTOLIC LETTER ISSUED MOTU PROPRIO OF THE SUPREME PONTIFF FRANCIS ON THE JURISDICTION OF JUDICIAL AUTHORITIES OF VATICAN CITY STATE IN CRIMINAL MATTERS In our times, the common good & increasingly threatened by transnational organized crime, the improper use of the markets and of the economy, as well as by terrorism. Its therefore necessary for the intemational community to adopt adequate ‘egal instruments to prevent and counter criminal activties, by promoting international judicial cooperation on criminal matters, In ratfying numerous international conventions in these areas, and acting ako on behalf of Vatican City State, the Holy See has constantly mahtained that ‘such agreements are effective means to prevent criminal activites that threaten ‘human dignity, the common good and peace. ‘With a view to renewing the Apostoic See's commitment to cooperate to these ends, by means of this Apostolic Letter issued Motu Proprio, I establsh that: 1. The competent Judicial Authorities of Vatican Clty State shall ako exercise Penal jurisdiction over: a) crimes committed against the security, the fundamental interests or the patrimony of the Holy See; b) crimes referred to: ~ in Vatican Cty State Law No, VIII, of 11 July 2013, containing Supplementary Norms on Criminal Law Matters; ~ i Vatican Cty State Law No. IX, of 11 July 2013, containing Amendments to the Criminal Code and the htps:v2setcanelcententrancescolevmoty propriatdocurentspope rancesco-nek-sropio_2O130711_ergar-giuar mi 189272016 Apotic Leter Issued Motu Prprio On the Jurisdcton cf. Jcicll Auberites of Vitican City Slate in Criminal Matis (1 Juty2018) | Francie Criminal Procedure Code; when such crimes are committed by the persons referred to in paragraph 3 below, in the exercise of ther functions; ©) any other crime whose prosecution is required by an international ‘agreement ratified by the Holy See, i the perpetrator i physicaly Present in the terrtory of Vatican Cty State and has not been extradited, 2. The crimes referred to in paragraph 1 are to be judged pursuant to the criminal law in force in Vatican City State at the time of ther commission, without Prejudice to the general principe of the legal system on the temporal appication of criminal awe, 3. For the purposes of Vatican criminal law, the following persons are deemed “pubic officials”: @) members, officials and personnel of the various organs of the Roman Curia and of the Institutions connected to t. b) papal legates and diplomatic personnel of the Holy See. ) those persons who serve as representatives, managers or drectors, as well as persons who even de facto manage or exercise control over the entities directly dependent on the Holy See and ‘sted in the registry of canonical juridical persons kept by the Governorate of Vatican Cty State; ) any other person hokting an administrative or judicial mandate in the Holy See, permanent or temporary, paid or unpaid, irespective of that person’s seniority. 4. The jurisdiction referred to in paragraph 1 comprises ako the adminétrative labilty of jurilical persons arising from crimes, as regulated by Vatican City State ‘ws, 5. When the same matters are prosecuted in other States, the provisions in force in Vatican Cy State on concurrent jurisdiction shall apply, htps:in2setcarefcenenttancescolayoty proprialsocurents/pope rancesco-nck-sropio_2O130711_ergar-giuiar ri762016 Apostle Later laud Mots Proprio On te suiscton of Judit Atrios of Vaca Cily Sain rine Mater 11 Jy 2019) | Francis 6. The content of article 23 of Law No. CXIX of 21 November 1987, which approves the Judicial Order of Vatican Cty State remains in force. This I decide and estabish, anything to the contrary notwithstandi 1 estabish that this Apostoic Letter issued Motu Proprio willbe promulgated by ts pubication in LOsservatore Romano, entering into force on 1 September 2013. Given in Rome, at the Apostokc Palace, on 11 July 2013, the fist of my Pontificate. FRANCISCUS © Copyright - Lbreria Editrice Vaticana tps:In2setcanelconenttarcescolevnek propria\docuentspape rancesco-not-roptio_ DIST! _ergari-glucier misew2016 Popa Francs Apologizes to Indigenous Peoples for “Grane Sins of Colonialism Published on indian Country Today Media Network.com (http:/indiancountrtodaymedianetwork.com) Home > Pope Francis Apologizesto Indigenous Peoples for Grave Sing of Calonaliam TAONS Pope Francis Apologizes to Indigenous Peoples for ‘Grave Sins’ of Colonialism ina landmark speech, Pope Francis apologized on Thursday for the “grave sins” of colonialism against indigenous Peoples of America in a speech to grassroots groups in Bolivia. “Some may rightly say, ‘When the pope speaks of colonialism, he overlooks certain actions of the church,’ * the Pope said, according to The New York Times. "Isay this to you with regret: Many grave sins were committed against the Native people of America in the name of God.” He didn’t stop there. “Ihumbly ask forgiveness, not only for the offense of the church herself, but also for crimes committed against the native peoples during the so-called conquest of America,” The New York Times reported. He spoke to a crowd of more than 1,500 at the World Meeting of Popular Movements, standing side- by-side with Bolivian President Evo Morales, the Andean nation's first indigenous president. Although Latin American church leaders have issued apologies in the past, this one went further and was much more targeted, the Associated Press reported. Previous apologies had not been directed at Indigenous Peoples of the Americas, AP said. ‘ntpdinekancourtytadeymestanelverk com)rin/20 15071 Ojpape-francie-apclogizes-indigenaus-pooples-grave-sins-cloraism 161030 1”sawa6 ne Francs Apnegies to ciganus Peoples "Grave Sis of Coeilism The Catholic Church was one of many Christian denominations that ran boarding schools in Canada and the U.S. designed to “kill the Indian in the child” by taking kids from their families, cutting them off from their culture and educating them in the ways of the European-minded settlers, The Canadian Truth and Reconciliation Commission on June 2 came out with a report calling such practices “cultural genocide” and recommending that Prime Minister Stephen Harper ask the Pope for an apology. ‘Though Harper met with Pope Francis and mentioned the report, he did not specifically request the apology, and the Pontiff's words in Bolivia did not reference the TRC document. RELATED: Pope Francis and Prime Minister Stephen H falk Truth and Reconciliat Vat Many have called for him to outright rescind the Doctrine of Discovery, which paved the way for centuries of oppression against indigenous Peoples. RELATED: Nuns Urge Pope to Rescind Doctrine of Discovery The Pontiffis touring South America for eight days, with stops in Ecuador, Bolivia and Paraguay. He has come out strongly against the environmental ravages and social injustice of climate change, and in Thursday's speech he continued in that vein, by calling leaders who do not defend Mother Earth “cowards.” He also said they are committing ‘a grave sin,” AP said. RELATED: Pope Francis: Protect Earth 's Our Duty Not an O; Pope Francis: Indigenous Peoples ‘Should Be the Principal Dialogue Partners’ on Projects Full Name: ICTMN Staff Source URL: hitp:/indiancountrytodaymedianetwork. com/2015i07/10/pope-francis-apologizes-indigenous-peoples-grave- sins-colonialism-161030 "p:natancourttodayianetwork comvprin!201S10710pope-rancis-apclogi2e-indgenous-peoples-gravesins-colcisism 1610509282016 XLVI World Dayof Peace 2018: Nolongor slaves, et brothers and sisters | Francis MESSAGE OF HIS HOLINESS POPE FRANCIS FOR THE CELEBRATION OF THE WORLD DAY OF PEACE 1 JANUARY 2015 NO LONGER SLAVES, BUT BROTHERS AND SISTERS 1, At the beginning of this New Year, which we wekome as God's gracious gift to al humanty, I offer heartfet wishes of peace to every man and woman, to al the work's peoples and nations, to heads of state and government, and to relgious leaders. In doing so, I pray for an end to wars, conficts and the great suffering caused by human agency, by epidemics past and present, and by the devastation wrought by natural disasters. I pray especialy that, on the basis of ‘our common caling to cooperate with God and all people of good wil for the advancement of harmony and peace in the work, we may resist the temptation to act in a manner unworthy of our humanity. In my Message for Peace last year, I spoke of “the desire for a ful We... which Includes a longing for fraternity which draws us to felowship with others and enables us to see them not as enemies of rivals, but as brothers and sisters to be accepted and embraced’.[1] Since we are by nature relational beings, meant to find fufiment through interpersonal relationships inspired by justice and bove, & §5 fundamental for our human development that our dignty, freedom and autonomy be acknowledged and respected. Tragicaly, the growing scourge of man’s expbtation by man gravely damages the Ife of communion and our Caling to forge interpersonal relations marked by respect, justice and iove, This ‘abominable phenomenon, which leads to contempt for the fundamental rights of others and to the suppression of their freedom and dignty, takes many forms. I would lke briefly to consider these, so that, in the ight of God's word, we can Consifer all men and women “no longer staves, but brothers and siters”. LUstening to God's plan for humantty 2. The theme I have chosen for this year's message is drawn from Saint Pauls fetter to Philemon, in which the Apostle asks his co-worker to welcome Onesimus, formerly Phiemon’s stave, now a Christian and, therefore, according to Paul worthy of being considered a brother. The Apostle of the Gentiles \wrtes: “Perhaps this & why he was parted from you for a whie, that you might have him back for ever, no longer as a slave but more than a slave, as a psna.vaican:alcetettancescolennessayeslpeecetccuentspapo-tercesco_ 20161208 messagglo-Ai-glcnata-mncale pace 2015 hed