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GEO-TECHNICAL INVESTIGATION
REPORT
ON
PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF OFFICE TILLA H.S
SCHOOL AT BISHALGARH,
SEPAHIJALA,TRIPURA
JOB ENTRUSTED BY
TRIPUR HOUSING AND CONSTRUCTION BOARD
JOB CONDUCTED BY
Branch office: -
Regd. Office:-
Arpita Bhawan,
1st floor, Deodar Place,
C/O Arpita Sarkar,
Garia Station Road, Garia,
Jail Road, Banamalipur, Agartala- 01,
Kolkata -700084, Ph.:-033-32211414,
Tripura (W) Ph: - 0381-2313780
09903809378, 09436139749,
E-mail:- cecsagt@yahoo.com
E-mail:- cecskol@yahoo.com
Web Site: www.cecs.in
PREFACE
A detailed geotechnical investigation including laboratory testing was carried out for the
proposed construction of New School Building (G+1) at Bishalgarh, Tripura. The objective
of this investigation was to evaluate the soil parameters for design of foundation for proposed
structure with particular reference to safe bearing capacity and anticipated settlement.
The Geo-technical investigation work was awarded by Tripura Housing and
Construction Board to Civil Engineering Consultancy Services Pvt. Ltd. The investigation
work for this project was started on the instruction of the Client. The fieldwork was
commenced on 1st July, 2014 and completed on 3rd July, 2014.
The report has been prepared after careful study of all data collected during fieldwork
and laboratory testing and it deals with geotechnical properties of the Site and the sub-soil.
Section I of this report covers the fieldwork while Section II contains the results of all the
laboratory test and discussions thereon. Section III deals with the engineering appraisal and
recommendations.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION I
SHEET
NO.
1.0
2.0
3.0
4
4
INTRODUCTION
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
INVESTIGATION SCHEME AND LOCATION OF TESTS & SKETCH
SHOWING LOCATION OF BOREHOLES
FIELD OPERATION
BORING
SAMPLING
STANDARD PENETRATION TEST
GROUND WATER
4.0
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4-5
6
6
7
7
8
SECTION II
5.0
6.0
10
11 -12
13
13 -15
SECTION - III
7.0 DISCUSSION ON FOUNDATION ASPECTS
7.1 QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS FOR SHALLOW FOUNDATION
7.1.1 NET ULTIMATE SAFE BEARING CAPACITY TABLE OF SHALLOW
17
17-19
19-20
7.2
FOUNDATION
FOUNDATION PROPOSAL
21
7.3
22
ANNEXURE
I
II
III
IV
V
BORELOGS
N Vs DEPTH GRAPH
UU- GRAPH
e-logP GRAPH
PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION
24-25
27
29
31
33-34
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SECTION - I
3
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SECTION I
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Tripura Housing and Construction Board entrusted the soil investigation work to Civil
Engineering Consultancy Services Pvt. Ltd vide. At the onset of the work, 2 (Two) nos. of
boreholes have been envisaged. The fieldwork was commenced on 1 st July, 2014 and
completed on 3rd july, 2014.
2.0 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
The aim of the present study was to bring out the stratigraphy, strength characteristics of
the sub-strata at the site, by conducting bore holes studies including in-situ tests and
laboratory test. The findings were to be applied for realistic selection and design of
suitable foundations for the proposed construction.
3.0 INVESTIGATION SCHEME AND LOCATION OF TESTS
The scheme of investigation was formulated by the Clients, which involved sinking of 02
(two) Nos. of boreholes with depth of 19.95m from existing ground level on the location of
the boreholes, collection of undisturbed samples from cohesive deposit, carrying out
standard penetration tests within the boreholes, performing necessary laboratory tests on
selected soil samples and submission of a complete report along with recommendation of
Foundation and the net safe bearing Capacity. The work was carried out accordingly.
The sketch showing location of boreholes is given in the following page.
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6
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4.2 SAMPLING
Undisturbed soil samples were collected in predominantly cohesive deposits at regular
interval and disturbed samples were collected from all layers. The samples were brought
to laboratory for visual examination and laboratory testing. For collection of undisturbed
soil sample, a 100 mm. Thin walled, 450 mm. Long sample tube, which was driven into
boreholes with the help of a down hole hammer, called Jarring Link. This tool enabled
collection of sample with minimum disturbance. The sampler was provided with an
arrangement for holding the sample by vacuum at the time of extraction after collection.
The driving end of the tube was fitted with a thin walled sharp cutting shoe with a low
area ratio.
Disturbed samples were collected from the cutting shoe of open drive sampler as well as
from split spoon barrel of the Penetrometer. Depth and details of the samples are shown
in the bore logs (AnnexureI).
These samples were preserved in polythene packets, labeled properly and send to
laboratory for identification and testing.
A table showing details of field tests and samples collected from the boreholes is given in
the following page.
4.3 STANDARD PENETRATION TEST
The standard penetration test (S.P.T.) were conducted in the bore holes at suitable
intervals as per provisions laid down in IS : 2131-1981 . This test was carried out
by using a Terzaghis split spoon sampler of standard design and dimension having
50mm outer diameter , 35mm inner diameter and a minimum open length of
600mm . In this process, the sampling assembly was driven in the bore hole by using a
63.5 kg hammer falling freely through a height of 75cm . The split spoon sampler in
these tests is adopted at the lower end of the drill rods taken to the specific depth
of the test . The Penetrometer was lowered inside the bore hole at the desired
depth on a string of drill rods and a count for the number of blows for 7.5mm
penetration was maintained till the total penetration was 600mm . The number of
blows required to penetrate the middle 300mm length (i.e. 150mm to 450mm depth )
of penetration out of the total penetration of 600mm was recorded as N-value
.The disturbed soil samples collected from the split spoon sampler after the
completion of each test were used for visual identification and classification of
subsoil and also for preparation of bore log data sheet . The soil samples
recovered from the Penetrometer tube was then placed in airtight polythene bags
and were labeled before forwarding them to the laboratory for testing purposes .
The data section of this report exhibit the variations observed in N-value recording
at different test depths within the bore hole . The N-values have also been plotted
graphically against the depth . The following table shows the bore hole nos. the
termination depth measured from the existing ground level and the details of
samples collected :
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Table: 4.1
Bore
hole
No.
1
2
Boring Summary
Termination Depth
measured from the existing
ground level
(m)
19.95
19.95
S.P.T.
10
10
D.S.
0
0
R.L of
BH
100.0
99.3
Water
Table-Below G.L
(m)
10.7
10.1
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SECTION - II
9
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SECTION II
LABORATORY TEST RESULTS AND GROUND CONDITION
5.0 LABORATORY TEST
Soil samples collected at field were brought to laboratory for necessary testing and
Rechecking/reviewing the field bore logs.
Laboratory tests were conducted as per I.S. SPECIFICATION on the samples
(Undisturbed) taken from the field to determine the following properties.
I. Natural Moisture Content.
II. Bulk density and Dry density.
III. Particle size distribution.
a) Sieve Analysis
b) Hydro meter Analysis
IV. Atterberg Limit.
a) Liquid Limit.
b) Plastic Limit.
V. Tri- axial Tests/Unconfined Compressive Strength Tests.
VI. Specific Gravity.
VII. Consolidation test.
Grain size analysis was performed for cohesive soils. Triaxial Shear Tests (UU) were
performed to determine the shear strength characteristics. After completion of all laboratory
tests, the data were compiled and the bore logs were final.
The test results were compiled and the preliminary bore log written at site was rechecked
and revised accordingly and this has been presented in Annexure I of this report.
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11
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(T/ m2)Cu
Liquid limit ( % )
Plastic limit ( %)
Plasticity Index ( % )
Specific gravity
mv ( m2/T )
qu (T/ m2)
Unconfined
Compressive Strength
Character
(Degree)-value
(T/m2)Co-hesion
Triaxial Shear Strength
Character (UU)
69
17.2
1.78
3.12
34
18
16
2.63
0.00064
Do
21
13
66
16.9
1.84
10.2
10
35
21
14
2.65
0.00020
Do
24
14
62
23.5
1.85
12.3
33
20
13
2.66
0.00016
16.5016.95
Yellowish to
reddish silty fine to
medium sand
80
20
1.91
2.68
SPT
19.5019.95
Do
83
17
1.92
2.68
Brownish to
reddish to
yellowish silty
sandy clay
20
14
66
18.1
1.78
3.78
10
35
20
15
2.64
0.00053
UDS
Do
UDS
Do
SPT
Do
6.006.45
10.510.95
Silt ( % )
Do
Site
Content ( %)
12
UDS
Natural Moisture
19
Clay ( % )
Description
Brownish to
reddish to
yellowish silty
sandy clay
Sand ( %)
Depth (M)
1.501.95
Type of Sample
Table 5.1
Do
UDS
1.501.95
Do
UDS
4.504.95
Do
22
13
65
16.7
1.82
6.75
34
21
13
2.65
0.00030
Do
UDS
12.012.45
Do
32
15
53
25.8
1.83
8.11
32
19
13
2.65
0.00025
Do
SPT
16.5016.95
Yellowish to
reddish silty fine to
medium sand
81
19
1.91
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2.68
Do
SPT
19.5019.95
Do
87
13
1.92
2.68
12
-
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N VALUE CORRECTIONS
Table: 5.3 N Value Corrections
Site
Bore
Hole
No
Type of
Sample
Baidyar Dighi
UDS
Do
UDS
Do
UDS
Do
UDS
Do
UDS
Do
UDS
Depth
(m)
1.51.95
6.06.45
10.510.95
1.501.95
4.504.95
12.012.45
mv(m2/T)
0.00 - 0.25
0.25 0.50
0.50 1.00
1.00 2.00
2.00 4.00
4.00 8.00
0.00134
0.00086
0.00064
0.00060
0.00049
0.00040
0.00050
0.00034
0.00020
0.00016
0.00014
0.00011
0.00042
0.00026
0.00016
0.00014
0.00012
0.00010
0.00134
0.00090
0.00053
0.00049
0.00045
0.00037
0.00084
0.00048
0.00030
0.00026
0.00022
0.00021
0.00068
0.00038
0.00025
0.00022
0.00018
0.00016
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6.0
Altogether 2 (Two) different sub-soil layers were encountered within the bored depth of
the boreholes. The sub-soil layer is discussed below. The Designer gives a generalized
soil profile along with design soil parameters at the end of this section for use.
R.L OF BH (m)
100.0
99.3
Layers
From (m)
To (m)
1
2
1
2
0.0
14.2
0.0
12.9
14.2
19.95
12.9
19.95
Layer
thickness (m)
14.2
5.75
12.9
7.05
Stratum 1
It can be described as Brownish to reddish to yellowish silty sandy clay. The
thickness of the layer is mentioned in Table 6.1.
Further to mention that, the Field N values resulted from Standard Penetration Tests in
this layer of Boreholes varies from 5 to 23.
The average engineering properties of the stratum has been given below:15
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= 19.7%
= 1.816 t/m3
= 7.37t/m
= 33.83%
= 19.83%
= 2.646
= 9.00
= 0.000347m2/t
Stratum 2
It can be described as Yellowish to reddish silty fine to medium sand. The
thickness of this layer for this Borehole is mentioned in Table 6.1
The average engineering properties of the stratum has been given below:Cohesion
Plastic limit
Specific Gravity
Bulk Density
= 0 T/m
= NP
= 2.68
= 1.915 t/m3
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17
SECTION - III
18
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SECTION III
7.0
the sub-soil deposit. At present except the nature of sub-soil, all other details are unknown.
However, in general, any foundation design should satisfy the two basic requirements, viz.
a) There must be adequate factor of safety against shear failure, and
b) The settlement should be within permissible limit under the design load.
7.1
As per the clause 5.1.2 of IS: 6403(1981), the ultimate net bearing capacity of shallow
foundations in case of local shear failure
qnf = 0.67cNcscdcic + q (Nq 1) sqdqiq + 0.5BNsdqiW
Where, Nc Nq N are the bearing capacity factors in case of local shear failure.
Sc, Sq and S are the shape factors.
dc, dq, and dq are the depth factors.
ic, iq, and i are the inclination factors.
B is the least dimension of the foundation in meter.
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Undrained Cohesion value has been considered as the average of the values within the
depth of influence zone of the pressure bulb.
As per IS code clause 5.12 of (IS: 6403-1981) the formula for bearing capacity is as
follows: qnf = 0.67cNcscdcic + q (Nq 1)sqdqiq + 0.5BNsdiW
Net Ultimate Bearing Capacity:
qnf = 32.07t/ m 2
Safe Bearing Capacity:
qa = 32.07/2.5 = 12.82t/ m2 .
I
E
So, Si
=
=
=
=
=
=
12.82/m2
1.00 m
0.40
1.12
2770t/m2.
4.36 mm
Consolidation Settlement Sc = mv x p x H
= 0.000361 x 2.44 x 2
= 2.25 mm
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Table: 7.1.1 Net Ultimate Safe Bearing Capacity Table Of Shallow Foundation
(For bore hole-1.5 Considering G.L at RL 99.3m)
Depth of
Foundation below
E.G.L.
(m)
Type of
Foundation
Safe Bearing
Capacity
t/m2
Maximum
Permissible
Settlement
(mm)
50
3mx3m
12.83
11.85
11.37
11.11
10.94
1.0 m Wide
(L/B = 5)
9.97
Size
1.0 m x 1.0 m
1.5 m x 1.5 m
ISOLATED
2.0 m x 2.0 m
2.5 m x 2.5 m
1.5
(at R.L-97.8m)
STRIP
RAFT
1.5 m Wide
(L/B = 5)
2.0 m Wide
(L/B = 5)
2.5 m Wide
(L/B = 5)
9.23
8.89
8.70
3.0 m Wide
(L/B = 5)
8.60
5.0 m 5.0 m
8.91
7. 5 m 7.5 m
8.91
10.0 m 10.0 m
9.00
12.0 m 12.0 m
9.09
21
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75
Depth of
Foundation
below E.G.L.
(m)
Type of
Foundation
Size
1.0 m x 1.0 m
1.5 m x 1.5 m
ISOLATED
2.0 m x 2.0 m
2.5 m x 2.5 m
3mx3m
2. 0
(at R.L-97.30m)
STRIP
1.0 m Wide
(L/B = 5)
1.5 m Wide
(L/B = 5)
2.0 m Wide
(L/B = 5)
2.5 m Wide
(L/B = 5)
3.0 m Wide
(L/B = 5)
Type of
Foundation
STRIP
RAFT
50
11.65
11.43
11.71
11.59
10.0 m 10.0
m
12.0 m 12.0
m
11.61
75
11.67
Safe Bearing
Capacity
t/m2
Maximum
Permissible
Settlement
(mm)
50
3mx3m
24.12
21.39
20.05
19.26
18.74
1.0 m Wide
(L/B = 5)
18.69
Size
2.0 m x 2.0 m
2.5 m x 2.5 m
2.5
(at R.L-96.8m)
50
12.01
1.0 m x 1.0 m
1.5 m x 1.5 m
ISOLATED
17.98
16.25
15.40
14.91
14.60
12.64
7. 5 m 7.5 m
Depth of
Foundation below
E.G.L.
(m)
Maximum
Permissible
Settlement
(mm)
13.95
5.0 m 5.0 m
RAFT
Safe Bearing
Capacity
t/m2
1.5 m Wide
(L/B = 5)
2.0 m Wide
(L/B = 5)
2.5 m Wide
(L/B = 5)
16.61
50
15.60
15.01
3.0 m Wide
(L/B = 5)
14.63
5.0 m 5.0 m
14.83
7. 5 m 7.5 m
14.54
10.0 m 10.0 m
14.48
12.0 m 12.0 m
14.50
22
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7.2
FOUNDATION PROPOSAL
The soil deposit of the location consists of two distinct layers. For analyzing the shallow
foundation, it is found that soil properties of the first layer is moderate in strength
characteristics. The proposal for foundation for the proposed structure may be considered by
shallow foundation in terms of isolated, strip or raft footing which is safe in bearing
capacity.Net safe bearing capacity of the virgin soil for different conventional sizes of footing at
depth 1.5m, 2.0m, and 2.5m for all bore holes below average existing ground level have
been given in Clause: 7.1.1 under Table 7.1. The Designer should properly make decision for
adopting the size of the foundation depending upon the requirements of the safe bearing
capacity for catering actual loading of superstructure on optimal basis
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Backfilling of foundation pits should be of good quality earth, which should be properly compacted.
iv)
Due consideration should be given to open excavation of any sort. All sorts of precautionary
measures are to be adopted to avoid excessive ground settlement & damage to adjoining structures.
v)
The foundation appraisal is for up-to (G+1) storied height. For taller structure foundation appraisal
has to be made with the soil data presented in this report.
For isolated and strip footing a factor of safety of 2.5 is considered and for raft F.S = 3 is considered
Prepared by
Rana Chattaraj
(M.C.E-Soil mechanics and foundation Engg-JU)
(Geotechnical engineer)
Er. M. K. Deb
(M.C.E-JU, MIGS, Chartered Engineer)
Managing Director
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24
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Site: Agartala
Client: THCB
Boring Diameter:
150 mm.
Casing Diameter:
150 mm.
0.00
14.2
14.2
19.95
14.2
5.75
Undisturbed (U)
03
Penetrometer (P)
10
Disturbed (D)
00
Samples
Ref No
Depth (m)
N/A
U.D.S
U-1/1
1.50 - 1.95
19
S.P.T
P-1/1
3.00 - 3.45
17
S.P.T
P-1/2
4.50 - 4.95
N/A
U.D.S
U-1/2
6.00 - 6.45
19
S.P.T
P-1/3
7.50 - 7.95
21
S.P.T
P-1/4
9.00 - 9.45
N/A
U.D.S
U-1/3
10.50 - 10.95
23
S.P.T
P-1/5
12.00 - 12.45
20
S.P.T
P-1/6
13.50 - 13.95
47
S.P.T
P-1/7
15.00 - 15.45
100
S.P.T
P-1/8
16.50 - 16.95
100
S.P.T
P-1/9
18.00 - 18.45
100
S.P.T
P-1/10
19.50 - 19.95
ANNEXURE I
25
Nos
Ground/Bed R.L.
100.0m
Samples
CECSPL
Site: Agartala
Client: THCB
Boring Diameter:
150 mm.
Casing Diameter:
150 mm.
0.00
12.9
12.9
19.95
12.9
7.05
26
Samples
Nos
Undisturbed (U)
03
Penetrometer (P)
10
Disturbed (D)
00
Ground/Bed R.L.
99.3m
Samples
Ref No
Depth (m)
UDS
U.D.S
U-2/1
1.50 - 1.95
12
S.P.T
P-2/1
3.00 - 3.45
UDS
U.D.S
U-2/2
4.50 - 4.95
21
S.P.T
P-2/2
6.00 - 6.45
23
S.P.T
P-2/3
7.50 - 7.95
17
S.P.T
P-2/4
9.00 - 9.45
15
S.P.T
P-2/5
10.50 - 10.95
UDS
U.D.S
U-2/3
12.00 - 12.45
34
S.P.T
P-2/6
13.50 - 13.95
41
S.P.T
P-2/7
15.00 - 15.45
100
S.P.T
P-2/8
16.50 - 16.95
100
S.P.T
P-2/9
18.00 - 18.45
100
S.P.T
P-2/10
19.50 - 19.95
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ANNEXURE II
27
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28
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ANNEXURE III
29
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30
ANNEXURE IV
31
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32
ANNEXURE V
33
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34
35
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