TRANSFORMATOR WORKSHEET

1.

The diagram shows a transformer.

300 turns

30 turns
12 V
a.c.

a.c. voltmeter

What is the voltmeter reading?

A
2.

1.2 V

12 V

120 V

1200 V

The diagram shows a transformer with an alternating voltage of 100 V applied to the primary coil.

primary coil
100 V

(40 turns)

(80 turns)

What is the voltage produced across the secondary coil?

A
3.

50 V

100 V

200 V

8000 V

The diagram represents a transformer.

input
voltage

output
voltage

Which arrangement could be used to make the output voltage higher than the input voltage?
number of turns on
primary coil P

number of turns on
secondary coil S

type of input

100

50

a.c.

100

50

d.c.

50

100

a.c.

50

100

d.c.

A transformer has 50 turns on its primary coil and 100 turns on its secondary coil. An a.c. voltage
of 25.0 V is connected across the primary coil.
25.0 V
primary coil
50 turns

secondary coil
100 turns

What is the voltage across the secondary coil?

A
5

12.5 V

50.0 V

175 V

200 V

Which arrangement may be used to step up a voltage?

a.c.
input

output

a.c.
input

iron core

d.c.
input

output

output

iron core

d.c.
input

iron core

iron core

output

A transformer is to be used to produce a 6 V output from a 24 V input.

coil X

coil Y

24 V

6V

What are suitable numbers of turns for coil X and for coil Y?
number of turns
on coil X

number of turns
on coil Y

240

60

240

240

240

960

960

60

The graph shows the voltage input to a step-down transformer.

12 V
voltage
input
0

time

Which diagram shows the voltage output from the transformer?

A

12 V
voltage
output
0

12 V
voltage
output
0
time

time

12 V
voltage
output
0

12 V
voltage
output
0
time

time

The diagram shows a lamp connected to a transformer.

40 turns

200 turns

12 V a.c.

What is the potential difference across the lamp?

A
9

2.4 V

12 V

60 V

240 V

A step-down transformer changes 240 V a.c. to 12 V a.c. There are 600 turns on the primary coil.
How many turns are on the secondary coil?
A

20

30

600

12 000

10 The number of turns between each pair of output terminals of a transformer is shown
in thediagram.
P
10 turns
6V

20
turns

20 turns
R
40 turns
S

Between which two terminals will the output be 12 V?

A

P and Q

Q and R

R and S

P and R

STRUCTURED QUESTION
1

One coil of a transformer is connected to a toy train set. The other coil is connected to a
240 V a.c. mains supply, as shown in Fig. 1.1.
240 V

primary coil
4800 turns

secondary coil
200 turns

to
train
set
Fig. 1.1
(i)

How can you tell from Fig. 1.1 that the transformer is a step-down transformer?
...................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................[1]

(ii)

Calculate the voltage at which the toy train operates.

toy train operates at V [3]

(iii)

1.

The voltage of the mains supply is reduced. What happens to the voltage
supplied to the train set? Tick one box.
increases
decreases
stays the same

2.

An attempt is made to use the train set in a country where the mains supply is
110 V. Suggest one difference that might be noticed in the way the toy train
operates.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
[2]

A transformer is needed to step down a 240 V a.c. supply to a 12 V a.c. output.

(a) In the space below, draw a labelled diagram of a suitable transformer.

[3]

(b) Explain
(i)

why the transformer only works on a.c.,

..................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[1]

(ii)

how the input voltage is changed to an output voltage.

..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[2]

(c) The output current is 1.5 A.

Calculate
(i)

the power output,

power = ........................[1]

(ii)

the energy output in 30 s.

energy = ........................[1]

A transformer has 500 turns in both its primary and its secondary coils. It is connected to a
240 V mains supply. There are 4 possible connections to the secondary, labelled W, X, Y and
Z on Fig. 3.1.
P

W
X
Y
Z

240 V

primary coil
500 turns

secondary coil
500 turns
Fig. 3.1

Between W and X there are 300 turns.

Between X and Y there are 175 turns.
Between Y and Z there are 25 turns.
(a) A person wishes to run a 12 V electric bell, using the transformer.
Between which two of the labelled terminals should the bell be connected?
Show your working.

bell connected between terminal ............. and terminal ............ [4]

(b) State the voltage between terminals W and Z.
.................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) State the name given to the part labelled P and the material from which it is made.
name ................................................................................................................................
material ...................................................................................................................... [2]
(d) Why are the coils normally made from copper wire?
..........................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 8]

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19 The diagrams show part of a water-heating system which is working by convection.
Which diagram shows the most likely flow of water in the system?
A

hot
water
tank

hot
water
tank
boiler

boiler

heat

heat

hot
water
tank

hot
water
tank
boiler

boiler

heat

heat

20 A drop of water from a tap falls onto the surface of some water of constant depth.

view from above

Water waves spread out on the surface of the water.

Which statement is true?
A

The waves are longitudinal and travel at the same speed in all directions.

The waves are longitudinal and travel more quickly in one direction than in others.

The waves are transverse and travel at the same speed in all directions.

The waves are transverse and travel more quickly in one direction than in others.

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21 A student measures how far a cork moves up and down on a wave in a tank of water.
ruler

cork
direction
of wave

Which quantity can he obtain from his measurement?

A

amplitude

frequency

speed

wavelength

22 Alpha-particles, beta-particles, gamma-rays and infra-red radiation may all be emitted from a
solid.
Which of these are included in the electromagnetic spectrum?
A

alpha-particles and beta-particles

alpha-particles and gamma-rays

beta-particles and infra-red radiation

gamma-rays and infra-red radiation

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23 The image of a clock face as seen in a plane mirror is shown.

21

6
What is the actual time on the clock?
A

1.25

1.35

10.25

10.35

24 Four sound waves W, X, Y and Z are displayed by an oscilloscope screen. The oscilloscope
settings are the same in each case.

Which two sounds have the same pitch?

A

W and X

W and Y

X and Y

X and Z

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25 A girl stands in front of a rock face.

rock face

660 m

The girl claps her hands once. The speed of sound in air is 330 m / s.
How long is it before she hears the echo?
A

2 x 660
______
s
330

660
___ s
330

330
___ s
660

330
______
s
2 x 660

26 Which diagram best shows the pattern of field lines around a bar magnet?
A

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27 Which materials are suitable to make a permanent magnet and the core of an electromagnet?
permanent magnet

core of an electromagnet

iron

iron

iron

steel

steel

iron

steel

steel

28 Which two electrical quantities are measured in volts?

A

current and e.m.f.

current and resistance

e.m.f. and potential difference

potential difference and resistance

29 Which of the following pieces of copper wire has the greatest electrical resistance?
length / m

diameter / mm

5.0

0.05

5.0

0.10

50

0.05

50

0.10

30 A 20 resistor and a 10 resistor are connected in parallel.

20
10
What is their combined resistance?
A

less than 10

10

20

more than 20

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31 The diagram shows an incomplete circuit.
space
A

Which component should be connected in the space to make the lamp light?
A

32 Why are the electric lamps in a house lighting circuit normally connected in parallel?
A

The current in every circuit must be the same.

The lamps are always switched on and off at the same time.

The voltage across each lamp must be the mains voltage.

When one of the lamps blows, all the others go out.

33 In the circuit shown, one of the fuses blows and all the lamps go out.
Which fuse blows?
+

C
D

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34 When electricity is transmitted over long distances, energy is wasted. How can the wasted
energy be kept as small as possible?
A

Keep the current in the transmission lines as large as possible.

Keep the power supplied to the transmission lines as large as possible.

Keep the resistance of the transmission lines as large as possible.

Keep the voltage supplied to the transmission lines as large as possible.

35 The diagram shows a transformer.

300 turns

30 turns
12 V
a.c.

a.c. voltmeter

What is the voltmeter reading?

A

1.2 V

12 V

120 V

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1200 V

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36 The diagram shows part of a circuit used to switch street lamps on and off automatically.
+

LDR

What is the effect on the light-dependent resistor (LDR) when it gets dark?
resistance of LDR

p.d. across LDR

decreases

decreases

decreases

increases

increases

decreases

increases

increases

37 An alternating potential difference (p.d.) is applied to the Y-plates of a cathode-ray oscilloscope.

The time-base is turned off.
Which of the following patterns would appear on the screen?
A

38 What is a beta-particle?
A

a helium nucleus

a high-energy electron

four protons

two neutrons

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39 The diagram shows a radioactivity experiment.
counter

absorber

source

radiation detector

When a piece of paper is used as the absorber, the count rate drops to the background count
rate.
What radiation is the source emitting?

40

alpha only

beta only

gamma only

alpha, beta and gamma

22
10 Ne

represents an atom of neon.

How many neutrons does it have?

A

10

12

22

32

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