ADJECTIVES

Portuguese connector

Word sound

[ah naong
kay] EU
Portuguese
adjective
Wordsehr
sound
A
no ser que...
[ah naong sehr kee]
Aberto
[ah-bayr-too]
[komo seh] EU
Como
Alto se...
[ahl-too]EU
/ [ahoo-too]BR
[komo see]
[bah-ee-shoo]
EBaixo
[ee]
Barato
Enquanto
Bom/Boa/Bons/Boas

[bah-rah-too]
[eng-kwantoh]
[bong]

Bonito
J
que
Caro

[Boo-nee-too]
[jah]
[kah-roo]

Casado
Mas
Comprido

[kah-zah-doo]
[mash]Eu
[coom-pree-doo]
[mah-eess] BR
[coor-too]
[naying]

Curto
Nem
Directo
Nem...nem
Direito
Ou

[dee-reh-too]
[naying...naying]
[dee-ray-too]
[oh-oo]

Ou...ou
Esquerdo
Para
Fechado
Por isso
Feio
Portanto
Frio

[oh-oo...oh-oo]
[eesh-kehr-doo]
[pah-rah]
[fay-shah-doooo]
[poor-ee-soh]
[fay-eeoo]
[poor-tan-too]
[free-oo]

Grande/Grandes
Que

[Gran-deh]
EU / [Gran-chee]
[kay] EU
BR [kee] BR
[lon-gah]
[seh] EU
[see]
[lon-gee]

Longa
Se
longe (de)

English translation
Unless...
Open
As
Tallif...
Small (short in high)
And
Cheap
While
Whilest
Good

Once
Pretty / beautiful
Given
that / Dear
Expensive
Given that
Married
But
Long (in lengh)
Short (in lengh)
nor
Direct
Neither...nor...
Right (hand) / Straight
Or
(legal) Right
Either...or...
Left hand
In order to
Closed
Therefore
Ugly
Therefore
Cold
So...
Big / Large
That
Long
If
Far (from)

Lotado
Seno

[seh-naung] EU
[loo-tah-doo]
[see-naung]

Packed with people

Otherwise
Fully booked (e.g. hotel)

Melhor/Melhores

[may-lyiohr]

Better

Mau/M/Maus/Ms

[Maaooh]

Bad

Novo

[noh-voo]

New / young

Pequeno

[pay-kay-noo]

Small / short

Perto (de)

[pehr-too]

Near / Close (to)

(O)Pior/(Os)Piores

[(oo) pee-ohr]

(The) Worse

Quente

[kayn-teh]EU / [kayn-chee]BR

Hot/warm

Srio

[say-ree-oo]

Serious / Honest

Velho

[vay-lyioo]

Old

CONNECTORS

English translati

ADVERBS

Portuguese
adverb

Word sound

Agora

English translation

[ah-goh-rah]

Now
Nowadays
Right now?

[jah ah-goh-rah]

might as well...

[ah-ee]

There (where the listener is)

In that place
So
In that case

Ainda

[ah-een-dah]

Still
Yet

Ainda agora

[ah-een-dah agoh-rah]

Just now

Ainda assim

[ah-een-dah asee-ing]

Nevertheless

Ainda que

[ah-een-dah kay]

Although
Even though

Aqui

[ah-kee]

Here
In this place
At this point
In this occasion

Assim

[ah-sing]

This way

Assim como

[ah-sing coh-mo]

As well as

...e assim por

diante

[ee ah-sing por dee-anteh]EU

[ee ah-sing por chee-anchee]BR

...and so on

Assim que

[ah-sing kee]

As soon as

Assim seja

[ah-sing say-jah]

Amen

Ainda assim

[Ah-een-dah-sing]

However / Even though

Bem

[Bah-ing]EU
[Baing]BR

Well

Depressa

[deh-pray-sah] EU
[chee-pray-sah]BR

Quickly

Devagar

[deh-vah-gahr] EU
[chee-vah-gahr] BR

Slowly

[eing-taung]

So
In this case
Having said that
Then
What's up?

Desde ento

[des-deing-taung]

Since then

Hoje

[Ohjeh]

Today

Hoje em dia

[ohjen-dee-ah] EU
[ohjen-cee-ah]

Nowadays

Agora?
J agora...

Ento
Ento?

Mais hoje, mais

amanh

[mah-eesh ohjeh, mah-eesh

ah-mah-nyiah]

De hoje em diante

[deh ohjen dee-an-teh] EU

[chee ohjen chee-an-chee]
BR

[jah]

Already
Now

J agora

[jah-goh-rah]

By the way

Para j

[prah jah]

For the time being

For now

[lah]

Over there
In that place
In between those people
Among those things

Logo

[loh-goo]

Later
Immediately promptly

Logo que

[loh-goo kay]

As soon as

Desde logo

[daysh-deh loh-goo]EU
[daysh-chee loh-goo]

Since then

Mal

[mal] EU
[mah-oo] BR

Badly
As soon as

Mal por mal...

[Mal por mal]

Preferentially...

De mal a pior

[deh-mahlah-pee-ohr] EU
From worse to worse
[chee-mahoo-ah-pee-ohr] BR

Mais

No ... mais

Sooner or later
From today on

[mah-eesh] EU
[mah-eess] BR

More
In addition
Also
Plus

[Naong mah-eesh] EU
[naong mah-eess] BR

Not +(verb or noun)+

anymore

[mah-eesh dear meh-noosh

dear] EU
Mais dia menos dia
[mah-eesh cheeah mehnoosh cheeah] BR

Sooner or later

[deh mah-eesh] EU
[chee mah-eess] BR

Too much
Too many

[sing mah-eesh nehing

mehnosh] EU
[mah-eesh cheeah mehnoosh cheeah] BR

Suddenly
All of a sudden

Menos

[meh-noosh] EU
[meh-nooss] BR

Less
Minus

A menos que

[ah meh-noosh kay] EU

[ah meh-noosh kee]

Unless

Nem mais nem

[Naing mah-eesh naing meh- No more no less

De mais
Sem mais nem
menos

menos

noosh] EU
[Nen mah-eess nen mehnooss]

Exactely

Pelo menos

[pay-loo meh-noosh] EU
[pay-loo mah-eess]

At least

Mesmo

[maysh-moo] EU
[mays-moo] BR

Really
Even (so)

mesmo?

[ay maysh-moo?] EU
[ ay mayss-moo?] BR

Really?

Mesmo que/se

[maysh-noo kay /seh] EU

[mayss-moo kee / see]

Even that / if

Mesmo aqui

[maysh-moo ah-kee] EU
[mayss-moo ah-kee]

Right here

Mesmo assim

[maysh-moo ah-sing] EU
[mayss-moo ah-sing]

Even though
Still! (like: expensive still!)

O mesmo

[oo maysh-moo] EU
[oo mayss-moo]

The same

Nada

[nah-dah]

Nothing
No ... nothing
No ... anything

De nada

[deh nah-dah] EU
[chee nah-dah] BR

Don't mention it
You're welcome

No ser nada a

[naong sehr nah-dah ah]

Do not have any family

connections with

No

[nahong]

No
don't

Nunca

[nung-kah]

Never
Never ever

Mais do que nunca

[mah-eesh doo kay nungkah]

More than ever

Quase nunca

[kwah-zay nung-kah]

Almost never
Rarely

Muito

[mooing-too]

Very
With intensity
Too much
Frequently

Ontem

[on-teng]

Yesterday

Pouco

[paw-coo]

Little (as "not much")

Rarely

Muito pouco

[mooing-too paw-coo]

Very little

Fazer pouco de

[fah-zayr paw-coo deh]

To take the micky of

H pouco
(EU)
Faz pouco (BR)

[ah paw-coo] EU
[fah-eess paw-coo] BR

A while ago

Por pouco

[poor paw-coo]

By the skin of my teeth

Pouco a pouco

[paw-coo ah paw-coo]

Little by little

Pronto

[pron-too]

Ready
Readly

(pagamento) a
pronto

[ah pron-too]

(payment) in cash

E pronto!

[ee pron-too!]

And full stop!

Sempre

[seng-pray]

Always
For ever
Constantly
**In the end...

Sempre que

[seng-pray kay]

Every time that

Sim

[sing]

Yes

[soh]

Only

A ss

[ah sosh]

In private

Tambm

[tam-baying]

Also
As well
Too
In addition

No s mas
tambm

[naong soh mash tambaying]

Not only but also

To

[taung]

So much

To (+ adjective)

[taung]

Too (e.g. Too good!)

Tanto

[tahn-too]

So much

Tanto melhor

[tahn-too may-lyior]

Even better

Tanto faz

[tahn-too fahsh]

It doesn't matter

Tanto quanto
(...sei)

[tahn-too kwan-too]

As far as (...I know)

A pginas tantas

[ah pah-gee-nash tahn-tash]

All of a sudden
EU

Tarde

[Tar-deh] EU
[Tar-chee] BR

Late

Muito tarde

[muing-too tar-deh] EU
[muing-too tar-chee] BR

Too Late / very late

INTERROGATIVE
Portuguese Interrogative

A que horas?
Com que frequncia?
Com quem?
Como?
Como ()?
Donde?
De que cr?
H quanto tempo?
* (O) que?
Onde?
Para onde?
Para que?
Porque? / Por que?
Qual
Quais?
Quando?
Quanto?
Quantos?
Quantos anos?
De que tamanho?
Quem?
Quem?

VERBS
Portuguese verb

Word sound

English translation

Abrir

[ah-breer]

To Open

Achar

[ah-shahr]

To think
To Guess
To Find

Ajudar

[Ah-joo-darh]

To Help

Andar

[An-darh]

To be doing something
To Walk

Apanhar

[ah-pah-nyiarh]

To Take / To Catch / To
Get

Aprender

[Ah-prayn-dayrh]

To Learn

Assinar

[Ah-see-narh]

To Sign

Chegar

[shay-garh]

To arrive

Deixar (de)

[day-sharh]

To Leave behind
To let
(To Stop doing something)

Descer

[Desh-sayrh]

To go down
To Descend

Desculpar-se

[daysh-cool-parr say]

To Forgive

Dizer

[dee-zayhr] EU
[Tchee-zayhr] BR

To Say / To Tell

Dormir

[Door-meer]

To Sleep

Escrever

[Aysh-cray-vehr]

To write / to Spell

Estar

[eesh-tahr]

To be (temporary)

Estudar

[ees-too-dahr]

To study

Falar

[fah-lahr]

To Speak
To Say (BR) / To Tell (BR)

Fazer

[fah-zayhr]

To Do / To Make

Fechar

[fay-shahr]

To Close

Ficar

[fee-kahr]

To be located
To become
To Stay

Ficar com

[fee-kahr con]

To keep
To stay with

Gostar de

[goosh-tahr]

To Like

Ir

[eerh]

To Go

Ler

[layrh]

To Read

Melhorar

[may-lyio-rahr]

To better / to improve

Morar

[moh-rahr]

To Live

Olhar

[oh-lyiahr]

To look (at)

Parecer

[pah-ray-cehr]

To Seem / To Look like

Pedir

[peh-deer] EU
[pee-cheer] BR

to Ask (for smething)

Perceber [EU]

[payr-seh-behr]

To Understand

Perguntar

[pehr-goon-tahr]

To ask (questions)

Poder

[poh-dehr]

Can
To be able to

Pr

[pohr]

To Put

Precisar

[pray-cee-zahr]

To need

Preferir

[pray-fay-reehr]

To Prefer

Responder

[raysh-pohn-dehr]

To Answer

Saber

[sah-behr]

To Know (skills)

Sair

[sah-eehr]

To Leave / To Go out

Ser

[sayhr]

To Be (permanent)

Sentar(-se)

[sayn-tahr]

To Sit Down

Sentir

[sayn-teehr] EU / [sayncheehr] BR

To Feel

Subir

[soo-beehr]

To Go Up / To climb

Ter (de)

[tay-rh (deh)] EU
[tay-rh (chee)] BR

To Have (to)

Trabalhar

[trah-bah-lyiahr]

To work

Trazer

[trah-zehr]

To Bring

Trocar

[tro-kahr]

To change / To Exchange

Usar

[oo-sahr]

To Use

Ver

[vayrr]

To see
To Watch

Viajar

[vee-ah-jar]

To Travel / To Commute

Vir

[Veerr]

To Come

Voltar (a+other
verb)

[Vohl-tahr ah)]

To Come Back /(To do

again)

Voar

[voo-ahr]

To fly

THE
Singular
Plural

Masculine Feminine
O [oo]

A [ah]

OS [oosh] AS [ash]

Definite articles

Indefinite articles

A/An/Some

Masculine

Feminine

Singular

UM [oong]

UMA [oo-mah]

Plural

UNS [oongsh] UMAS [oomah-sh]

Possessives

My
Your dude (informal)
Your Sir
Your Madam (formal)
Our
Yo
ur guys (plural)

Prepositions

IRREGULAR VERBS the essential ones

Be

ser / estar

Can / (be able to)

Poder

Bring

trazer

Come

vir

Do

fazer

Give

dar

Go

ir

Have

ter

Hear / listen to

ouvir

Read

ler

Say / tell

dizer

See

ver

Want

querer

Singular

Plural

English

Portuguese

eu

you (familiar)

tu

you (semiformal)

voc

he

ele

she

ela

it*

English

Portuguese

we

ns

you (more than 1

person)

vocs

they (masculine)*

eles

they (feminine)

elas

English

Portuguese

object pronouns
Singular

Direct object pronoun

Plural

me

me

you (familiar)

te

you (formal)

o/a

him

her

it*

English

Portuguese

us

ns

you (more than 1

person)

vos

them (masculine)*

os

them (feminine)

as

indirect pronouns
indirect pronouns are very common after the following verbs:
English

Portuguese

Give

Dar

Write

Escrever

Send

Enviar / mandar

show

Mostrar

Ask

Perguntar / pedir

Say / tell

Dizer / contar

Telephone / call / ring

Telefonar

lend

emprestar

Singular

Plural

English

Portuguese

Alternative

Indirect object

Indirect object

pronoun

pronoun

(to) me

-me

(to) you (familiar)

-te

para ti

(to) you (formal)

-lhe

para si

(to) him

-lhe

para ele

(to) her

-lhe

para ela

(to) it*

para mim

English

Portuguese

(to) us

-nos

para ns

-vos

para vs

(to) them (masculine)*

-lhes

para eles

(to) them (feminine)

-lhes

para elas

(to) you (more than 1

Alternative

person)

Tense or Form

Definition of Usage

Portuguese and
English Examples

Infinitive

The most basic verb form that either

complements a conjugated verb or
stands alone to reflect no subject in
particular.

fazer = to do

Inflected (or Personal)

Infinitive

No exact English equivalent. It mainly

serves one of three purposes: 1) to shade
the verb as a polite
indicator (ex.: no fumar no
smoking rather than no fuma don't
smoke), 2) to show that the infinitive is
eu fazer = I do, I might do,
tied to a subject (pede para fazermos o
(that) I do
favor he asks us to do the favor), 3) to
replace any tense or mood with an
infinitive (pede para fazermos o
favor he asks us to do the favor rather
thanpede que faamos o favor he asks
that we do the favor).

Present Indicative

Denotes an action taking place in the

present time frame.

fao = I do, I am doing

Present Subjunctive

The verb in the present attributed to an

action that is desired, suggested, needed,
expected, or gives a vague description
of something or someone that may exist
or happen.

(...que) faa = (...that) I

[might] do

Present Imperative

Commands that something be done.

faz = do!

Past Historic or Preterit

Denotes a one-time action that occured

in the past.

fiz = I did

Imperfect Indicative

Imperfect Subjunctive
Pluperfect Indicative

Denotes a habitual action, consistent

circumstance, or surrounding factors in
fazia = I used to do, I was
the past (fazia frio por isso fechei a
doing
janelaIt was getting cold, so I closed the
window).
Often coupled with se if and the
conditional tense, it expresses a past
action that could or might have
happened.
A tense that is now considered archaic
or literary, the pluperfect remains
limited in use and the

(se) fizesse = (if) I did, had

done
fizera = I have done

complex imperfect indicative ofter +

past participle is preferred.

Future Indicative

Simple Future

Conditional

Future Subjunctive

Expresses future actions that shall, will,

or should happen (with only a limited
possibility of expressing some caution
or uncertainty, e.g.farei amanh I
will/should get [it] done
tomorrow versus vou fazer I am going
to do [it]).

farei = I will do, shall do

Shades an action with the quality of

being done in the near future or even vou fazer = I am going to
started in the present; its English parallel
do
is to be going to.
Expresses a completely uncertain action
in the present or future. The exact
English equivalent is the word would.

faria = I would do

Denotes an expected future action that is

not certain to take place. It is usually
expressed in English with the present
indicative (When I [might] arrive in
Paris... = Quandochegar a Paris...). fizer = I might do, I will do
Note that this tense is mainly confined
to certain expressions,
particularly quandowhen and se if when
referring to uncertain future events.

Present Perfect

Consists of ter (in the present) +past

participle and denotes an action taking
place prior to an event in the present.

tenho feito = I have done

Pluperfect Indicative
(compound)

ter + past participle, but used

withter to have in the imperfect. It
expresses an action that has been
done before another event in the past.

tinha feito = I had done

Future Perfect

Ter + past participle; this time

with ter in the future indicativetense.
This expresses an action prior to an
event in the future.

terei feito = I will have

done

Present
Participle or Gerund

Expresses present action. When

preceded by estar to be, it acts as an
invariable part of the compoundpresent
progressive (action taking place at the
exact time of the speaker's words).

fazendo =
doing; estou fazendo = I
am doing

Past Participle

Expresses past action; otherwise it

serves as a noun or adjective.

feito = done

Tense
Present Inf.
Inflected Inf.

Person

(all)
eu
tu
voc, ele, ela
ns
vs
vocs eles,
elas
Present Ind.
eu
tu
voc, ele, ela
ns
vs
vocs eles,
elas
Present Subj.
eu
tu
voc, ele, ela
ns
vs
vocs eles,
elas
Present Imp.
eu
tu
voc, ele, ela
ns

-ar

-er

-ir

-or

-ar
-ar
-ares
-ar
-armos
-ardes

-er
-er
-eres
-er
-ermos
-erdes

-ir
-ir
-ires
-ir
-irmos
-irdes

-or
-or
-ores
-or
-ormos
-ordes

-arem

-erem

-irem

-orem

-o
-as
-a
-amos
-ais

-o
-es
-e
-emos
-eis

-o
-es
-e
-imos
-is

-onho
-es
-e
-omos
-ondes

-am

-em

-em

-em

-e
-es
-e
-emos
-eis

-a
-as
-a
-amos
-ais

-a
-as
-a
-amos
-ais

-onha
-onhas
-onha
-onhamos
-onhais

-em

-am

-am

-onham

(none)
-a
-e
-emos

(none)
-e
-a
-amos

(none)
-e
-a
-amos

(none)
-e
-onha
-onhamos

Preterite

Imperfect
Ind.

vs
vocs eles,
elas
eu
tu
voc, ele, ela
ns
vs
vocs eles,
elas
eu

tu
voc, ele, ela
ns
vs
vocs eles,
elas
Past Subj.
eu
tu
voc, ele, ela
ns
vs
vocs eles,
elas
Future Ind.
eu
tu
voc, ele, ela
ns
vs
vocs eles,
elas
Compound
eu

-ai

-ei

-i

-onde

-em

-am

-am

-onham

-ei
-aste
-ou
-mos
-astes

-i
-este
-eu
-emos
-estes

-i
-iste
-iu
-imos
-istes

-us
-useste
-s
-usemos
-usestes

-aram

-eram

-iram

-useram

-ava

-ia

-ia

-unha

-avas
-ava
-vamos
-veis

-ias
-ia
-amos
-eis

-ias
-ia
-amos
-eis

-unhas
unha
-nhamos
-nheis

-avam

-iam

-iam

-unham

-asse
-asses
-asse
-ssemos
-sseis

-esse
-esses
-esse
-ssemos
-sseis

-isse
-isses
-isse
-ssemos
-sseis

-usesse
-usesses
-usesse
-usssemos
-ussseis

-assem

-essem

-issem

-usessem

-arei
-ars
-ar
-aremos
-areis

-erei
-ers
-er
-eremos
-ereis

-irei
-irs
-ir
-iremos
-ireis

-orei
-ors
-or
-oremos
-oreis

-aro

-ero

-iro

-oro

vou -ar

vou -er

vou -ir

vou -or

Future
tu
vais -ar
voc, ele, ela
vai -ar
ns
vamos -ar
vs
ides -ar
vocs eles,
vo -ar
elas
Conditional
eu
-aria
tu
-arias
voc, ele, ela
-aria
ns
-aramos
vs
-areis
vocs eles,
-ariam
elas
Future Subj.
eu
-ar
tu
-ares
voc, ele, ela
-ar
ns
-armos
vs
-ardes
vocs eles,
-arem
elas
Present
eu
estou -ando
Progressive*
tu
ests -ando
voc, ele, ela est -ando
estamos
ns
-ando
vs
estais -ando
vocs eles,
esto -ando
elas
Present
eu
tenho -ado
Perfect
tu
tens -ado

vais -er
vai -er
vamos -er
ides -er

vais -ir
vai -ir
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