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9popularwaystoperformDataVisualizationinPython|AnalyticsVidhya

Introduction
Thebeautyofanartliesinthemessageitconveys.Attimes,realityisnotwhatweseeorperceive.
TheendlesseffortsfromthelikesofVinciandPicassohavetriedtobringpeopleclosertothereality
usingtheirexceptionalartworksonacertaintopic/matter.
Datascientistsarenolessthanartists.Theymakepaintingsinformofdigitalvisualization(ofdata)
withamotiveofmanifestingthehiddenpatterns/insightsinit.Itisevenmoreinterestingtoknow
that,thetendencyofhumanperception,cognitionandcommunicationincreaseswhenhe/shegets
exposedtovisualizedformofanycontent/data.
There are multiple tools for performing visualization in data science. In this article, I have
demonstratedvariousvisualizationchartsusingPython.

WhatdoesittaketomakevisualizationinPython?
Notmuch!Pythonhasalreadymadeiteasyforyouwithtwoexclusivelibrariesforvisualization,
commonlyknownasmatplotlibandseaborn.Heardofthem?
Matplotlib: Python based plotting library offers matplotlib with a complete 2D support along with
limited 3D graphic support. It is useful in producing publication quality figures in interactive
environmentacrossplatforms.Itcanalsobeusedforanimationsaswell.Toknowmoreaboutthis
library,checkthislink.
Seaborn: Seaborn is a library for creating informative and attractive statistical graphics in python.
This library is based on matplotlib. Seaborn offers various features such as built in themes, color
palettes, functions and tools to visualize univariate, bivariate, linear regression, matrices of data,
statistical time series etc which lets us to build complex visualizations. To know more about this
library,checkthislink.

WhatarethedifferentvisualizationsIcanmake?

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Lastweek,AcomprehensiveguideonDataVisualizationwaspublishedtointroduceyoutothemost
commonlyusedvisualizationstechniques.Werecommendyoutoreferthatbeforeproceeding
further,incaseyouhavent.
Belowarethepythoncodeswiththeiroutput.Ihaveusedfollowingdatasettocreatethese
visualization:

ImportDataSet:
importmatplotlib.pyplotasplt
importpandasaspd
df=pd.read_excel("E:/First.xlsx","Sheet1")

Histogram:
fig=plt.figure()#Plotsinmatplotlibresidewithinafigureobject,useplt.figuretocreatenew
figure
#Createoneormoresubplotsusingadd_subplot,becauseyoucan'tcreateblankfigure
ax=fig.add_subplot(1,1,1)
#Variable
ax.hist(df['Age'],bins=7)#Hereyoucanplaywithnumberofbins

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LabelsandTit
plt.title('Agedistribution')
plt.xlabel('Age')
plt.ylabel('#Employee')
plt.show()

BoxPlot
importmatplotlib.pyplotasplt
importpandasaspd
fig=plt.figure()
ax=fig.add_subplot(1,1,1)
#Variable
ax.boxplot(df['Age'])
plt.show()

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ViolinPlot
importseabornassns
sns.violinplot(df['Age'],df['Gender'])#VariablePlot
sns.despine()

BarChart

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9popularwaystoperformDataVisualizationinPython|AnalyticsVidhya

var=df.groupby('Gender').Sales.sum()#groupedsumofsalesatGenderlevel
fig=plt.figure()
ax1=fig.add_subplot(1,1,1)
ax1.set_xlabel('Gender')
ax1.set_ylabel('SumofSales')
ax1.set_title("GenderwiseSumofSales")
var.plot(kind='bar')

Youcanreadmoreaboutpandasgroupbyhereandfordataframe.Forplotreferthislink.

LineChart
var=df.groupby('BMI').Sales.sum()
fig=plt.figure()
ax1=fig.add_subplot(1,1,1)
ax1.set_xlabel('BMI')
ax1.set_ylabel('SumofSales')
ax1.set_title("BMIwiseSumofSales")
var.plot(kind='line')

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9popularwaystoperformDataVisualizationinPython|AnalyticsVidhya

StackedColumnChart
var=df.groupby(['BMI','Gender']).Sales.sum()
var.unstack().plot(kind='bar',stacked=True,color=['red','blue'],grid=False)

Dataframe.unstack()returnsaDataFramehavinganewlevelofcolumnlabelswhoseinnermost
levelconsistsofthepivotedindexlabels.Readmoreaboutdataframe.unstackhere.

ScatterPlot

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9popularwaystoperformDataVisualizationinPython|AnalyticsVidhya

ScatterPlot
fig=plt.figure()
ax=fig.add_subplot(1,1,1)
ax.scatter(df['Age'],df['Sales'])#Youcanalsoaddmorevariablesheretorepresentcolorandsi
ze.
plt.show()

BubblePlot
fig=plt.figure()
ax=fig.add_subplot(1,1,1)
ax.scatter(df['Age'],df['Sales'],s=df['Income'])#Addedthirdvariableincomeassizeofthebu
bble
plt.show()

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