Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
EXHIBIT 29
PACKET ONE
'Amerlca~,Wc:)men,A
Look at the chart with the st~l'Y.Wdtr a:~s'V~l'S
to t~~qW;,~tipu~
the discussion qf.~esti6n~!,
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5. 'Do
you thinkthete
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2. Haqietlived
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3. Harriet appearedon"The
........_-~-- 4.
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5. In 2007, Harriet wentto Nework to celebrate' t~e fact.thatbald eagles were nQJonger dying off.
you live?
,.
discussion questions. .
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homecrytng. ,
5. Stereotypeg.~~,
; pi!ib1icv{ewsab0ut~hat
~:
.< '
, Discussion Q~estiop.s': Thlnk about the clqthi~g you )ike i.o wear. Do yqu like'to wear so~ethJng that'is worn more by the
opposite sx? If you' ~ave children, do you like thbm to' wear typical boy or girl' ciothblS? Why' or why not?
,
:t
~~
fit
r ..
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.Discussion Questions: Have you ever lived anywhere that flooded? What happene4? Have you
'-'
...
..
-,'
Your Opinion! Do you think: the police should catch swarms in New York City, or should
private beekeepers do the, work? Writcaparagraph with your opinion. Give at'least thr~e
reasons to support your .opinion. Read YQutparag~~p.1i:to,a partner, Finally, talk about the
discussion questions.
'.
<
ev~rb~etitQ Louisiana?
.
'-*
'.,
'.<
'.
01' surprising for you from this story; Have you ever seen bees swarm?
Have you ever seen a beehive? Do you-like to eat honey?'
,
Answer the questions with complete .sentences. Then talk about the di~cuss~on,questions.
1. 'Who was watching Luke Aikins from the ground?
2.' How long did Aikins' crew plan the skydiving stunt? How big was the net they used?
,j
"
i- SVrianWarClaimSLifeC)fTeenageTVS~.r"P~.4
.j -Match
... ,
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the person, place, or thing with the correot information. Then talk~?Qut the ~isQussi{)p
itquestions..
0'
''0
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~
o '1.
Bashar Assad
a. n~nie of a
fJ' 2.
Qusai Abtini
h.
'8 '3.
Bashar, Sakka :
, 3
'<Y.
",'>,<
.,'
a war~tpn'icity
,< ,,0
'':
~ 4. Aleppo
c. TV show director
';g
i'
,
ill
Xl
,~
Discu~sion Questions: What sitcoms do you watch? What kinds of shows do you like to watch? Do you have .~f.avorite
actor or actress who has died?
'
. .
"
'
Use Your Memory! Without reading the '~tOl'Yagain, write down: ~ll of the animals, insects, or
plants named in the siorythat you can remember . .Ihen talk about the discussion questions.
~lscu.ssion Qu.estions: Have you ever built with Leges? Do you know someone who likes to build withLegos? Would,
you want to go see theLego ex;hibits? Why or why not?
'
Pg.3
:=:
"
___ . The paracharreria group started to open up the rodeo t~ people with disabilitie,s.
Discussion Questions: Have you ever been to a rodeo? Do-you know if there are rodeos in your area? Were you, surprised'
by what Salvador,. Espinoza is doing? .-."Why or why not?
,-
GED KILLRestating
restate information
to say something in
another way
hnforlmation
---
b. a chemicalprocess
to release energy
--
--
\_.
Use tile passage and the diagram to answer the questions below.
Alcoholic fermentation Is the process used
by bakers to produce bread and by brewers
to produce wine and beer. In this type of
fermentation, a single"celled microorganism
called yeast breaks down sugars to produce
alcohol, bubbles of carbon dioxide gas, and
release small amounts of energy.
The carbon dioxide gas produced by
fermentation causes dough to rise. It creates
the air pockets in bread. The bubbles in beer
and sparkling wine also come from the carbon
dioxide released by fermentation. In the
production of nonsparkllng wine, the carbon
dioxide is allowed to escape.
Carbon dioxide
gas bubbles up
through water
Grape juice,
yeast, and water
1. Write R next to the sentence that restates the main idea of the passage.
__
__
-,
b. Using alcoholic fermentation/ bakers produce bread and brewers produce wine
and beer.
2. Write a sentence in your own words that restates the first sentence of the second paragraph.
3. Write R next to the sentence that is a restatement of what happens when dough rises.
__
a. Dough rises because of the bubbles that are formed by carbon dioxide gas.
__
4. Write R next to the sentence that is a restatement of the information shown in the diagram.
__
a. Both alcohol and carbon dioxide are allowed to escape when fermentation
__
b.Carbon
is used.
5. Put a check mark next to the likelyend product of the process shown in the diagram.
__
a. nonsparkling wine
__
GED CONTENT
The sun provides almost all the energy used by living
tIll
on Earth. Plants use the sun's e
to
produce their own food through a process called
photosynthesis. Animals get energy by eating plants
or other animals that eat plants.
In photosynthesis, green plants take water, carbon
dioxide} and energy from sunlight to make sugar,
oxygen} and water. The sugar is used as food and to
build other substances that the plant needs, such as
starches. When animals eat plants, they get energy
from the sugar created in photosynthesis. The water is
used by the plant or released into the atmosphere. The oxygen is
released into the atmosphere, where it can be used by other organisms .
....................
_Thc1irsLphase of-photosynthesIs-consists of .reactl OilS U:Jat- .~__
require light, usually sunlight. Light energy from the sun is trapped
by the plant's chlorophyll, or green coloring, located in the
chloroplasts. The chlorophyll changes light energy to chemical
energy, which is used to split molecules of water into hydrogen
and oxygen.
The second phase of photosynthesis consists of ((dark" reactions,
those that do not require light to take place. During this phase, the
hydrogen produced from water in the light reactions combines with
carbon (from carbon dioxide taken from the air) to form sugar. The
rest of the hydrogen combines with oxygen to form water.
Photosynthesis can be shown as a chemical equation. In the
equation below, the arrow with the words light energy and chlorophyll
means "yield when these elements are present. II
light energy
chlorophyll
carbon dioxide
+ water
----
..... sugar
+ oxygen + water
sugar
oxygen
water
carbon dioxide
chlorophyll
carbon dioxide
chemical energy
light energy
sugar
water
Amino
acid
Catabolism breaks
down glucose,
releasing energy,
water, and
carbon dioxide
arrows
circles
chained circles
hexagons
sunburst
Water
Carbon
dioxide
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
increased photosynthesis
increased catabolic reactions
increased anabolic reactions
decreased photosynthesis
decreased catabolic reactions
MEASURING A PRODUCT OF
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
questions 5 through ,7 refer to the following
passage.
Carbon dioxide Is a waste product of cellular
respiration. It leaves the body in the air you
exhale and can be measured. First, breathe for
one minute exhaling through a straw into a flask
containing 100 ml of water. The CO2 in your
breath dissolves in the water to form a weak
acid. Add five drops of phenolphthalein, .an acidbase indicator. Then, add sodium hydroxide, a
basic solution, drop by drop. The more drops
needed to neutralize the acid and turn the water
pink, the more carbon dioxide in the water and in
your exhaled breath.
To test whether exercise affects the amount of
carbon dioxide in exhaled air, Jason ran in place
for five minutes and then tested his breath using
the method described above. It took five drops of
sodium hydroxide solution to turn the water pink.
5. Jason hypothesized that exercise would result
in an increased level of carbon dioxide in his
exhaled breath. What wasthe assumption
underlying Jason's hypothesis?
(1) Plants use the carbon dioxide produced
during cellular respiration In the process
of photosynthesis.
(2) Plants release oxygen into the air as a
result of photosynthesis.
(3) Less cellular respiration is needed to
prcducs the energy required by five
minutes of exercise.
(4) The rate of cellular respiration goes up
during exercise to give additional energy
to the body.
(5) The capacity of the lungs to hold air
decreases during exercise.
a Bunsen burner
a dropper
a measuring spoon
a test tube'
a centrifuge
GED
st. ~ Lesson 2
Directions: This is a ten-minute practice test. After ten minutes, markthe last question you
finished, Then COll1e the test and check on! answers. If most oion! answers were correct but
you
I try to wod<. aster next tlme.Caoese
the one best ansVllerto each question,
Questions 1 through 3 refer to the following
passage and diagram.
"
',I
cell membrane
cytoplasm
chloroplast
mitochondrion
nucleus
information.
"\\
fact
1..................................
....................
.....
ishingFact
"on
table below.
1"
19
II Exercise 15
PRONOUNS
Example:
I
I
II
20
II Exercise 16
1.
2.
S.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
EXTRA PRACTICE
Write six complete sentences using these phrases correctly:
my family and I, my family and me, they and we, them and us, you
and I, you and me
Answers begin
on page 90.
21
II Exercise 17
In formal English, who and whoever are used only as subjects. The pronouns
whom and whomever are used as objects:
Whoever leaves last must lock the door.
DIRECTIONS:
4. My sister,
collects souvenir plates.hae
returned from a plate auction.
5. The librarian to
reference
desk.
,
just
6. Parents
respond quickly to their babies'
cries are giving them a sense of trust and security.
7. Can you tell me
I should consult regarding
health benefits?
DIRECTIONS:
8. Marry
you please-it
is no concern of mine.
9.
22
EXercise 18
1) When the pronoun replaces two or more nouns joined by and, use the
n of the
Example:
but also
two given.
23
Exercise 19
An adjective is a word that describes a noun to tell what kind, which one, or
how many:
'
This was the first medicine to relieve allergy symptoms for twelve hours.
An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, an adverb, or an adjective to tell
how, when, where, or to what extent:
Yesterday, we met there very briefly to discuss the report.
-~
1. ~
2.
3. Theoran~
S. _~
Salted
.~,
...
noisihr
..._...~-,- __
_
4.
5. "_--'-'---
~
_
7.
8..
___
9.
--
10.
11.
__
12.
____..
13. _ __..
14.
15.
-:--____..
24
1'1
ADVERBS
Exercise 20
.......
correctly.
by
3) Adjectives that end in Ie are usually made into adverbs by changing the
ending to ly:
probable, probably,' possible, possibly
4) Adjectives that end in II are made into adverbs
by adding y:
5) Adjectives that end in ic are usually made into adverbs by adding ally:
historic, historically; frantic, frantically
6) Some adjectives that end in ly remain the same when used as adverbs:
daily, early
7) Some ndjectlvos not enrling in
cannot
be used as adverbs:
lonely, friendly
9) Some adverbs have special spellings:
truly, publicly, wholly
gently
Example:
wickedly
undoubtedly
1. safely
2. posslblely
extremely
freely
posltivley
probably
daily
dully
3. secretly
4. publicly
5. lamely
6. guiltily
7. coldly
importantly
definltly
tightly
hlstorlcly
economically
realistically
expensively
tamely
truely
badly
finaly
seriously
coolly
warmly
hotly
mightily
messyly
coyly
peculiarly
foolishly
dangerously
sincerly
fairly
marvelously
8. happily
9. strangly
10. early
6~
msmi!I;
25
Exercise 21
PRED...
CATE A[)JECTIV~~
.... -_._---
-_
...
_.,
...
--'
---
--
--,---
....
... - -_-_
Use an adjective after forms of the verb to be and other verbs that do not ,
show action. An adjective in this position is called a predicate adjective:
The weather has been bad all week.
She looks good.
Note: Usually the word well is used as an adverb:
Damaris writes very well.
There is one exception to this rule. Use well as an adjective when referring
to someone's health:
I have not been well since I caught the flu.
6., The children became (noisy, noisily) on the long bus ride.
7. They behaved (good, well) at the museum, however.
8. The book is (easy, easily) for most students.
9. Sharona looked (beautiful, beautifully) in her bathing suit.
10. Pedro looked (good,weU) in his suit, too.
11. His arms felt (strong, strongly) as he carried me to safety.
12. She always grows (nervous, nervously) on Sunday night.
13. The doctor says I will be (good, well) by tomorrow.
14. Your cooking always smells so (good, well).
15. Our cat can't smell (good, well) enough to catch a mouse.
16. Your shirt looks (dirty, dirtily).
17. That girl appears (familiar, familiarly) to me.
18. When will you be (ready, readily)?
19. Do you feel (healthy, healthily) enough to travel?
20. The days become noticeably (Short, shortly) in the fall.
26
22
NEG,ATIVE
ERas
1) The adverb not can combine with auxiliary verbs such as is and have to
make contractions such as isn't and haven't. The word ain't is not
acceptable in formal or written English.
2) When you use such negative adverbs as never, hardly, scarceLy, rarely,
seldom, and not (or contractions made with n't), do not use any other
negatives in the sentence,
I didn'tbuy any food there.
(NOT: I didn't buy no food there.)
DIRECTIONS:
hardly
never
scarcely
seldom
27
..
Exercise 23
ADJECTIVE/ADVERB
COMPAR,I
28
Exercise 24
ADJECTIVEI ADVER.B
This coffee
(NOT:
in the world!
p.p~:.
10. The sunset over the lake is beautiful, but the sunrise over
the mountains is even
.
Answers
bel/in
on page 31.
29
ANSWER. KEY
1
[
EXERCISE 1
1. 2
2.2
3. 3
4. 1
5. 1
6.3
7. 5
8. 4
EXgRCISE 2
I. OK
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
pennies
crowns
blueberries
witches
puppies
blankets
secretaries
EXERCISE 3
I. tomatoes
2. attorneys-at-law
3. bagfuls
4. brothers-in-law
5. OK
6. knives
7. photos
8. leaves
9. OK
10. potatoes
11. OK
12. cupfuls
IS. studios
14. senators-elect
~CISE4
1. OK
2. crises
3.$unglas$etl
4. poli<::ernen
5. teeth
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
OK
servicewomen
deer
godchildren
criteria
.EXERCISE 5
1. cities
2. churches
3. chairwomen
4. crises
5. monkeys
6. brothers-in-law
7. babies
8. teeth
9. beliefs
10. solos
11. checks
12. potatoes
13. wives
14. stories
15. lights
16. replays
17. spoonfuls
IS. fish
19. bookshelves
20. grandchildren
21. vacancies
22. crashes
23. annexes
24. quizzes
25. criteria
t;XERqSE 6
1. OK
2. bus's
3.1andlord1s
4. miners'
5. weeks'
6. OK
7.prote&ters'
8. Jones's
9. parents'
10. OK .
11. workers'
12. Gross's
13. OK
14. today's
15. Boys'
EXERCISE 7
1. Jose's
2. David's
3. OK
4. people's
5. OK
6. women's
7. Steve's
8. OK
9. Sally's
10. OK
EXERCI~E 8.
1. fewer
2. These
3. OK
4. less
EXERCISE 9
1. 1
2. 1
3. 5
4. 3
5. 1
5. OK
6. many
7.deaJ
8. advice
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
EXERC1SE .10
1. stirred
2. is
3. reported
4. slips, will break
5. will decide
6. left, was
7. is
8. give
9. dimmed, booed
10. pour, cause
11. saw, hit
12. slams, jumps
13. baked, were
14. spread
15. write
16. am
17. thinks
18. finish, take
3
1
1
2
4
EXERCISE II
2. carried
6. OK
3. OK
4. employed
7. scrubbed
8. committed
EXERCISE 12
1. threw
9. stole
2. wrote
10. was
3. ran
Ll. said
4. slept
12. lost
5. struck
13. felt
6. swam
14. saw
7. caught
15. taught
8. flew
EXERCISE 13
1. eaten
2. seen
3. go
4. to write
5. written
6. got
1. felt
8. spoken
9. hurt
10. heard
H. to get
12. broken
13. slept
14. left
15. frozen
16. doing
11. drink
18. swept
19. known
20. think
21. done
22. bought
23. answering
24. went
25. sung
26. ate
27. sat
28. order
29; taking
30. trying
2. 1
10. 1
3.2
4.
5.
6.
7.
3
5
3
4
12, 2
13. 5
14. 2
15. 2
8. 3
16.3
;EXE~~ISE
l. us
2. Our
2. Who
3. whom
H.4
li___._~
5. her
6. hlmself
1. yourself
8. me
9. I
10. you
11. themselves
12. ours
13. hers
14. We
15. us
16.him
11. themselves
18. theirs
19. her
20. He
21. him
22. they
EXERCISE Hi
1.1
2. We, they
3. they
4. He
5. him
6. them
7. her
8. he
9. They, we
10. me
U. us
12. me
4. who
___
5. whom
6. who
7. whom
8. whomever
9. Whoever
10. whoever
11. whomever
12. Whoever
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
his
its
its
their
their
8. their
9. their
10. their
11. their
12. her
EXERCISE 19
1. stylish; adverb
2. flowers; a,djective
3. blanket; adjective
4. cereal; adjective
5. scraped; adverb
6. peanuts; adjective
7. crept; adverb
8, come; adverb
9, go; adverb
10. movies; adjective
11. finished; adverb
12. water; adjective
13. person; adjective
14. sorry: adverb
15. frightened; adverb
on
or
"
.,
do
,1
The paragraph starts outusing the second person pronoun you. However, in the
third sentence> the paragraph shifts to the third person he. This .pronoun shift is
an. error.
Errors in pronoun shift can be corrected by changing all pronouns to the same
person-either
second (you) or third (he).
Here is a corrected version:
When you are planning to look for ancithbr job, you should be oa;reful not to
jeopardize the one you already have. H)l'e arE) some helpful tIps to keep
your current job safe while searching fora. better onEk;ml!,.should never
make search-related phone calls frommlr.office.~
also should schedule
interviews after business hours as much as possible. When you have found
a new job, give notioe according to the policy of your company.
--:0-'.
A. Correct the pronoun reference errors in the paragraph below. There are four errors.
The best time to visit any vacation spot is in the "off" season, During the summer months, beaches,
also might want to head south in the summer; as most people vacation there in the winter. Anyone who enjoys
their privacy will, appreciate the quietness of the "off" season.
,
B. Questions 1-3 refer to the following pamphlet. Circle the number of the correct answer choice.
What is The Nature Gr()upi'
,. (A)
(1) We, the members of The Nature Group, keep
plants and animals sofa from extlriction by
buying land. (2) We scorch the world for species
that are in danger of dying off, and wo purchase
and preserve the land that they inhabitj3)They
arear] organization that has worked hard since
1972 to preserve over a million acres of land
worldwide,
(8)
(4) Of course, we need your help,(5) Anything
can be accomplished if it Issupportad by
enough people. (6) Many of you have lent your
support through monetary donations and
volunteer hours,m If .everyons does their part in
keeping species from extinction, the world yvill
be a better place for all,
1. Sentence 3: They are
an orgcmizationthat
(3) change,trnIllWol'ketlto)AY1!iWQrk
(4) insert acomrna after 1972
(5) no correction
Is necessary
accomplished iUt
enough poople.
is BY~~~l'ted by
it is supported
it was supported
they are supported
they were supported
.he is supported
n!.
A pronoun should always have one clear antecedent, Otherwise, the meaning of a
sentencecan be confusing, Is the meaning of.the sentence below clear?
INCORRECT:
Nancy and Mrs. Carlson brought her car to the repair center.
I: ,
or Mrs, Carlson?
i .~
If
Because there is more than one female noun to which he.r can refer, this sentence
is confusing. In instances such as this, it is best to repeat the noun. Here are two;
possible ways to correct the sentence:
CORRECT; Nancy and Mrs. Carlson brought Nancy's car to the repair
center.
.
CORRECT:
center.
Another way in which pronoun reference can be confusing is the use of the
pronoun they. Be SUTethat they always has a clear antecedent
Why is the sentence below incorrect?
INCORRECT:
a criminal.
Who is they? You might have ail idea to'whom the writer is referring, but the
sentence is not clear as written, If they has no clear antecedent, it is better to use
a noun. Here are .some possible corrections:
. CORRECT: I don't shop in that store anymore because il'mQwners 'treat me
like a criminal.
CORRECT: I don't shop in that store anymore because Ib.u~Sl.QIiI.~
treat me like a criminal.
it is. Once you have decided on what features you ab$olytelY must have,
you can usethe Internet to find a new or used car in your area.They say car
shopping is easier than grocery shopping these days I
The pronoun they does not have a clear antecedent anywhere in the paragraph, To
correct the error, replace they with a noun:
Finding the right car does not have to be as complicated as you might think
it is, Once you have decided on what features you absolutely must have,
you can use the internet to find a new or used car in your area. M?ny
people say car shopping is easier than grocery shopplnq these daysl
.
,
.
2. Joe took an ad out in the pArer because thay said that wan tho best way to advertise.
in a few hours.
B. Questions fi~7 refer to the advice belOTY.Circle the number Of the coned
Dealing with Difficult People
(A)
(1) Allliough irritating coworkers maveeam
impossible to deal with, they say that thtlse
difficult people do not have to ruin vour day.
(2) Here are some simple tips to help create a
healthy work environment.
(B)
(3) If a boss and a coworker disagree about his
idea and are trying to involve YO!J, takea de(;lp
breath. (4)Think through your own opinions. (5)
Listen to colleagues respectfully, and ask them
to listen to you. (6) If necessarv, don't be afraid
to get some help. (7).Keeping calm in .
challenging situations is a valuable sklltand
they'll thank you for it.
am:Wl;\r choice,
1. Sentence 7 :Keepi~90a.JmintfudJE:)ngrng
$ituations is a va.uablegUL.;I!1d.~theY~II
thank you f()r i~.
Which is the best way to write the underlined
portion of this sentence? If the original is the
best way, choose option (1 ).
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
6. Findingthe part
when the percent and the whole' arek.nown
Here is a rule that will help you with percents.
2~.:!_
whole
:=
percent
100
In this chapter, you will be given the percent and the whole.
But t}le pqrt is missing.
~cellt
100
On one side of the equal sign, write the part over the whole.
The part is unknown. Use a question mark.
The whole is 500.
On the other side of the equal sign, write the percent as a fraction.
? (part)
500 (whole)
Step 2.
.1>0
Cross-multiply
6
100
Step 3.
3000)
Change 6 % to a decimal.
6%
Step 2.
.06
500
.06
30.00
==
30
==
__![
100
know.
?
(24.00
100
Step 3.
360.00)
3 ..60
100) 360.()O
So, 15% of $24.00 is $3.60
Decimal method
Step 1.
Step 2.
24.00
15
2000
2400
3.6000
3.60
15=
Example 2.
Fraction method
Step 1.
On one side of the equal sign, write the part over the whole.
On the other side, write the percent as a fraction.
(Remember,25%
? (part)
200 (whole)
Step 2.
!)
==
;::!
4
Step 3.
1 =
200)
4) 200
Decimal method
Step 1.
Step 2,
Exercise 6
Find the unknown part.
Use the fraction method or the decimal method.
1.
What is 75 % of 640?
4.
2.
5.
3.
What is 2 % of 300?
6.
What is 51 % of !O,OOO?
Answereforexercise6
Here are both ways
to
findthf.lallSWtIl'
Cbec~ yqur. wOl'kagainst on~df th~$emethods.
Fr~~Uonmethod'
1.
Decimal method
What is 75 % of 640?
75%=
.~
75%
3=
1920.)
.n)
640
x.
.70
3200.
""~'
(60() x
"" .25
600
6(0)
. 150.
3000
41600
12000
15(l,OO
SOO?
(300. x2
. ,6
100.) 6,00.
""'6(0)
2%
300
>< .
0.2
6,00.
.02
lpn.
Answers
Fraction
method
Decimal method
)
ii,
4.
What is 90 % of $5,400?
...,
1(0)
l~
(5400
90
486,000)
4a860
486, boo
90%
5,
.90
5400
,90
4860.00 "=
4,860
1.00
...IO
10()
(1.00
><
10-10)
.1
10%=
1 .00
, 10
X .1
.100
-ioo) 10:QO
.10
6.
Wh,at is 51 % of 10,000?
P
10,000
=.
_g_
100
(10,000
..., 5!!QO,
100} 510,000
$0>51% of JO?OOOis 5,100.
51
510,000)
51%
X
10,000
.51
10000
500000
5100.00
.51
== 5,100
On one side of the equal sign, write the part over the whole.
The part is $700.
The whole is unknown. Use a question mark.
On the other side of the equal sign, write the percent as a fraction.
700 (part)
? (whole)
Step 2.
~1~6f
Step 3.
_gQ_
100
(700 x 100
70,000)
Decimal Method
$700 is 20 % of what number?
Step 1.
Change the percent to a decimal.
20%
Step 2.
.20
35 00
.20, )700,00:
~..A..7' '
"~
I
I
Example 1,
On one side of the equal sign, write the part over the whole.
On the other side, write the percent as a fraction.
45 (part)
Jill.
?(whhl~
100
Step 2.
Step 3.
90) 4500
So, 45 is 90% of 50.
Decimal method
Step 1.
Step 2.
==
.90
.90) 45
....90,)
~.
. 50.
45.00,
~
Example 2.
Fraction method
Step 1.
On one side of the equal sign, write the part over the whole.
On the other side, write the percent as a fraction.
= .~)
(Remember, 50 %
40 (part) .
? (whole)
Step 2.
Step 3.
::::l
80)
IfBO
Step 2.
.5
.5540
SO
=
40.0.
v'
Exercise 7
Find the unknown whole.
Use the fraction method or the decimal method.
1.
4.
2.
5,
3.
6.
Decimal method
24 is 15 % of what number?
24
l.fl
100
J90.
= ~',240.0.)
15%
""
.15
360.0.)
90.%
"'"
.90.
160.
H5J~40o"
2.
7 ::: '1:~
(B6
100
40.
Oo.j.'SOOO
3.
i=
l~O
(4.x
10.0-
4QO)
, 20.0.
2)40.0.',
So, 2% .of $20..0Is. $4,
oo.~
,02 J,;t.Oo.,
,&'".&'
amount is $20?
'25.% of what
25%
~? =!
25%
(20
80)
.25
80.
.Ja5. 20.00.
\',,,,,,~~
80
1) .80
80,25%
of $80 is $20.
= ~4
75%
=
75%=
(150
#I.
600)
200
3)600
.75
.75 J 150.00,
\,,","~if'
....
~A;.$,
amount?
50%
50%
1
2
~=
?
(45 x
2=
90)
"'*
.50
90.
90
'U"1O
80, $45
.
I
!
.,.,.,f.,
FRACTION METHOD
part
whole
What percent is
8 out of HI?
(Find the percent.)
.."" .. w.,,...
.
8 is 50% of
what number?
(Find the whole.)
"
DECIMAL METHOD
percent
100
part.
whole
Cross-multiply.
Divide the answer
by the number that
left.
l?()rcen~.
100
Cross- m ultiply,
Divide the answer
by the number that
is left.
=
percent.
100
Cross-multiply.
Divide the answer
by the number that
is left.
"
"
ExerciseS
What do you need to find in order to answer the question?
Cirole the word that teUs what's missing.
The first one is done for you.
1. What percent is 36 out of 72?
part
whole
percent
part
whole
percent
part
whole
percent
part
whole
percent
part
whole
6. What percent of 63 is 9?
percent
part
whole
7. 200 is whatpercent
peroent
part
whole
percent
part
whole
9. What is ~% oIl,OOO?
percent
part
whole
percent
part
whole
percent
part
whole
percent
part
whole
10.
of BOO?
An.swersfor exercise 8
1. What percent is 36 out of 72?
part
whole
2,
part.
whole
3,
percent
4,
percent
6,Whatpercent
7,
I,
I
wogle
p.art
What is 2% of 1,00O?
whole
percent
percent
10.
u.
percent
12.
percent
...~.
whole
of 63 is 9?
part
whole
part
whole
whole
part
100%
l.~
..~
You know that some percentssbmg for less than one wholethin'g.
25%
50%
= ~ of a whole
= ~ of a whole
thing
thing
==
'2
of a box.
150%
Ji
1
s
:="
150
100
1!
2
200
100
~g
= 2
Fraction method
200
100
(4x
2 .~. 8)
4""
l)mS .
So, 200% of 4.is 8.
This makes sense because we knowthat 200% stands
In this case, the whole thing is the number 4.
So, two whole things means two4s.
And we know that two 48 are 8.
Example 2.
01'
Fraction method
150%
lliO
100
(60
3)
Decimal method
,=
X
150%
~j
2=
120)
40
120
1.50,
1.5
Example 3.
(10
Decimal method
X
100
1000)
125%
8) 1000 .
se, 10 is 125% of s,
!Q
1.25
1.25
8} 10.06
=
=
1.25.
LAt2"
125%
Exercise 9
Answer these percent questions.
First, figure out what is missing.
Are you looking for the part, the whole, or the percent?
Then use the fraction or decimal method to find the answer.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Deelmal method
Fractlon method
L
:=
1 =
60
150
100
(60
150%
==
180)
9p.Q
2J180
$85 is 125%
125%
100
, (85
,='
9Q
125%
Il~
of what
1.5
1.5
x 60
90
2.
50.
l:=
""
340)
.fji;"
1.25
6S,
1.25.)
85,00.
,At'
I,,~\c:?,
68
5) 340
So,$85 is 125 % of $68 ~
What percent
~
==
l~n.
is 90 of 9? (Find
(90
x 100
1000%
9jtlOO(J
So, 90 is 1,000% of H.
the percent.)
= ,9000)
10
.~
to:
10 ""
9) 90
10.-HO,OO.
)J"t\'
1000%
esuse
I
t
i
1
f
..therefore,
+
effec~
sign~lwotd
'
twice.
1. Few people visited the antique shop, and as a result, it went out of business.
2. The new ski-liftrl.1t'l.s at the resort meant less crowding on the. slopes, so more visitors
flocked to the l'e!!&oi:t,
3. Mr. Davis turned the car around because he realized he had left an important report at
home.
4.
a career in government
of
Abl'aham Lincoln.
For each cause, write an effect.
5. Because I bit into the hot
7. As
.......,_;;.,....--
159
Practice
Read each passage. Then follow the directions.
_,
C
D
Most drakes (male ducks) are brightly colored so they attract attention during the
mafulgseason. However, attneend ofthe1tlatitigl3~aS01111t\ostdrakes molt. That is,
they lo.se 1.11eir old feathers. Withemi'their fUght fcatli!l;f}J
the drakbsal'e unable to fly.
They also lose their bright coloring and turn a drab brown.
3. Put an X in front of each cause found in the passage.
A
B
C
160
Apply
"'"~.
---~---~~-~~-~-------_""'__---o
Read each passage. Then write one cause, and one effect.
Alth.Ptigh theben.dits .of aspirin Ul'egreat, some people cannot take aspirIn at all.
Theygetskln rashes or asthrna.,likereacUorts even front normal doses. A small
nt1nlber ofpeoplewhosuf.fer from asthma, hay fever, and other problems may also
lufvea bad teacHn to aspirin.
Effect: __
""""""
Check, Up
Write cause or effect to identify the underlined part of each passage.,'
The people of ancient Egypt made
1.
.....
,-
_.
,',
.. ----.
n ...
..
'
d.
...
"''"'''l
tal'I'},
~
trash!
and
. litter. Hej.oins'buttons, 'bea,4$, and
"',
....
,~
2.
and to say.,!nsteadoflJsinganekiSting
:WOrd,hededded
the
Iettet'l<n.ee:ause
caUSe~aii.d",effect'1~elatio);,18hip8:
What.happel'led?(ereCf)
since
so
in orderto
sigllaI
Cause
word
+,
effect
Juety
3. When rulnm~gel'l'andstMl's.,Eya'Xl$
always bcrughtgl'OceriesJ{lstbecathiie
she
..,
a school
visit
go on an extended
vacation
D hire a baby-sitter
2. The electrician
order to
replace a lamp
.
4. When a cal' isbuUt/ a$1l$peI1s10nsyst~lll,
lsiitduded becatlsetIte designers want
F
the cartohave
a way
passengers
to be safe
Practice
Read the passage. Then complete each statement with a stated or an implied effect.
bt'eak fl'l1'ollghthesttrface
Apply
Write acau$e"and~effe<:t sentence for eachpa$sag~.Use one of the words
Or phrases itl the box asa signal of the cause-ancl;effect relationship,
because
since
therefore
in order to
so
if/then
AhrahaI))!Jn~~ln
.lIac!i\I;t.clpole.1tWisn't lltel<hilf1Joaa 8Jender !:all and
ds
Iive$ mpon f,~~
lNed Intill' WWte Hous.,. fl'js "tadpole"~. Jns l!lg $01),
'P<QlnIIS. Clt)~d..!r 'i\'~
bab~ ki11t(flttJ0b~datJij"" and .
"He l?"l<slijw. tadpole/' t.in.oo1nStli!l.Fr"m that c{jlyO ,~ baby _l'lIlleiL
11l~ was"
na-
.~
S'lllTCH.!l1ded
a.nd
colol's. bYCIearwatr$.11te8ewat~:t'$al'efmed
withmarinelie
of malty kinds
tll!(! 1.llJt\d~
by the !"",g~ds
dQe'1thecleanln!?i'
The ~
of l'!t!id.
~d
3.
The fossil remains of clamshells from hundreds of millions of years ago provide
clues about the ancient seasof the earth. Fossll. or" the pre_d
remainsor wacesof
anclnlplMtsQt ~1!.Sc!O!l!l!;I$$.!u.;y
t!1<'p:\ cIos<:>ly;l!k~i:l~ctives studying
fingel',Prin.t$fto learnffiescl'et& they 110ld.
CheckUp
Read each statement. Then circle the answer with the cause or effect that
, completes each statement.
13
events
yawn also
fall asleep
I t:'(r,
"L
savemoney
tornad%i'dinaty
objects
Apply
'l'hediCfionalY entl',Yfor aWOl'd gives all the definitions for the word. Sometimes you will
need to' read all of the definitl<!n$to find thE~one that makes sense in a particular sentence.
Read the definitions for each word. Then write the number of the
definition that makes sense for each sentence.
3 wldergroUIld gasOl:
share
99
Check Up
1.
beet
medal
H medic
A 1
B
medalist
.F
he'd
G heard
H head
had
resettle
resolve
resign
.D
resist
glue
glove
night
7.
C glide
D global
G 'nickel
H nick
niggle
Using Indexes
The index of a book lists names, topics, and important terms that are mentioned in the
book. Entries are listed alphabetically. Each page' where an item appears is listed.
Sometimes a book has a lot of information about a topic. In that case, the index also lists
subentries.
Index
Accommodations
bed and breakfasts, 73-74
camping, 70-72
hotels, 75-76
map, 3-4
Airport, 35
Air travel, 52
Aquarium, 164
Avery Island, 235
Babysitters, 29
Baton Rouge, 151-152,245-246
Blues, 183-186
Boat tours, 121
Bridges, 288....,289
Bus tours, 130-131
Cajun Country, 160-173
food, 165-166
map.of,166
music, 171-173
Campgrounds, 70-72
Car 'rentals, 99-100
Children's activities, 214-220
Cooking lessons, 200-203
Use the index from this book about New Orleans to answer each question.
2. If you are traveling with children, which two entries might be helpful?
Using Jndex~s101
Practice
ton,
Index
.....................................
~
salvia (plant), 32
sassafras (tree), how to identify, 131
sea lettuce (plant) picture, 75
seasons
desert, 98, picture, 99
mountains, 102, picture, 103
northern forest, 95
woodland, 87, picture, 88
seaweed (plant), 207
,"' '''.'.Se:qttoifl;'(tree::)i';$,!J5i',~(Jifh"pieJure''';
silver fir (tree), 220, with picture
akimk rahbage (plant), 22, with picture
snap bean (p]ant),??, with pir:tu.rp.
, ,"""''''',.,'',
..,'',.,',."'''"..,.,
, ,.,.,..,',".,, ,""
Use the index about plants. Decide if each statement is true or false. If it
is fals~.\explail1 why.
1. Seaweed is a plant.
true
false
true
false
false
false
false
":
"
Apply
Some magazines give information in an index at the back. For example, this index lists
recipes that would be found in a food magazine.
Recipes
Soups
Flat Noodle, 83
Garlic Chive, 54
Mushroom and Herb, 22
Salads
Asparagus with Parmesan, 99
Cucumber and Walnut, 40
. Pepper and Tomato, 19
Spicy Chicken, 34
Warm Bean, 93
Vegetables
Green Beans with Chives, 24
Potato Cmr)'t37
Tomato with Cheese,28
Fish and Shellfish
Corn-fried Fish, 74
Salmon with Dill, 52
Scallops with Lime, 64
Shrimp and Salsa, 38
nanlethpm.
cneck Up
Index
G 215
D LibertyBell
H 110
198
H 110
163
3. Whafis a pyramid?
!
187
F 130
G 131
J
}
A towel'
B bell
C tomb
D rock
198
, ,
Using Re
fence Sources
Gatd,catalogs lreiouna. online Inall Ubrfll:ies.Acal'd catalog Jis{s (tvery book in the
5harp,fUyssa, 1952
Shaping Up: Exercises' for Water Sports.
New York:Healthy Living Books, 1999
252 p: ill.
Includes bibliography and index.
ISBN 0-11-863410-5
1. Physical fitness 2. Exercise 3. Aquatic sports
r. Title
j'
t,
'.~'.
'
'1.-
Practice
Glossary
atmosphere: the envelope of air that surrounds the earth, held by the pull of gravity
'barometer: an instrument that measures atmospheric pressure
blizzard: heavy snow accompanied by vyinds of at least 35 miles per hour
climate: the pattern of weather that a location experiences over a specificperiod
convergence: an accumulation of air caused by air moving into the area from (.liffel'en[
directions
Circle the answer to the following statements using the glossary above.
astronomy
weather
C plants
2. A weather condition including snow is a
F blizzard
G cloud
H barometer
3. Suppose the author wants to add the
word condensation to the glossary.
It would follow
A climate
B cloud
C convergence
106
H barometer
5. Which of these words might you find in
this glossary?
A soil
. B hurricane
Corbit
Apply
Read the paragraphs
Newspapetsare
inio.t'n1i1ttiol).
printed daily or weekly. They provide news, articles, ads, opinions, and other
Newspaper indexes are references that tell which newspapers printed articles on specific
subjects. The indexes give the publication date and page number for each article. The National
Ne'C()BtUlperIndc;c lists topic!)iromiive m~jor11eWspapers: the New' YOl'kTim(!s, the Christ/an
S4ienc(! Monitor" the Wall Street/btu'naII the Los Arigeles Time$la:xtdthe'WashrngtonPast. 1;lte index
lists only articles that have been printed in the last three years.
1. How often do newspapers usually come out? _-,_,_""__~~_""",,,.
2. What kinds of information can you find in newspapers? _._,,_,..,. __
."""",.;".,..,..";,_"",,,_...,.__....,.__.
~
--,.--
--,.~ __
~ __
4. What are two newspapers whose articles are included in the National Newspaper Index?
f.
~1..
5. Would a 1990 newspaper article appear in the National Newspaper Index? Why or why not?
Magazines are printed weekly, monthly, or sometimes once every two or three months. Like
newspapers, they provide news, articles, ads, opinions/and other information .
. . Magazi;tleb.1dex:es listarticlesal:pha.b~iqal1y by subject and by author. The indexes give the
name of thema.gazi:ne:th~tprinted the ari;'icle,the publication date, and the page number. The
ReadersGuide to Periodical Literature is the best known magazine index. It lists articles, stories,
and poems that have been printed in over two hundred magazines.
6. Name a magazine index. __
............
~_~~_.
---....
........,.;..
Check Up
-" ,"'~
w,L,,~~e-wll~t"~Gtt~~II"tll'bt;}ttt~f!t!e~%fWat!et<tat~t""ilt;1:SWer"Nia'JeH~~ijtie$t~~-,="'_'
Then circle each answer,
'
1. A card catalog includes
A
D a published
__
H year of publication
number of pages
astronomy
cross stitch
Held goal
D marinate
4. Which term might be defined in the
glossary of a book about baseball?
inning
trumpet
6. If
would look in
F
on display at the
G today'sIocal newspaper
H a magazine index under "Schickel,
Richard"
Mary
Clark
C Winner
U The
H Congress
harvest
, '
m" __
'.,-.~"-'%'-"
Using Forms
Throughout your life, you will have to fill out different types of forms. A form is a
document with blank spaces to be filled in, When you fill out a form, you provide
necessary information.
For example, if you want to apply Jar a library card, you may need to fill out a form
similar to the one below. Fill in the information that is asked for.
Number
__ ,
_;,_-~
ExpITes __ ~~
__
"""""""
__
""'"'-'.,_...
Address
~~
Phone Number
Personal
Reference
Reference's
Address
~~~
__
__ ~ __ ~~~
_
~ __
Your Age
-.....
~_~
~
~-~
Occupation
~--.-
~,__,,~ __
~_.
____..
,"",""",""_"_ .
~~
~_
...,.,.,...
Parent's Signature
1. Did you fill in the blank beside the word number? Why or why not?
Pra.ctice
Suppose you want to applyol'altcense 'ox yOUl' .g....eur c qgl
La1:>+a~~9J~
He W;;lS homon July 4,.2000/ and yotU veter1nadan is Dr. 1-1f:lIlry.
ac .
EXPIRES DECEMBER 31
License Issue Date!
Mailing Address:
Dog's Name: ~
Sex: .~_~~_~
~ __
Neuter/Spay
"""""""""""-_DOB:~
Breed: __
....-
Cert.
_
u.
_
__,.
Color: _....-
Veterinarian:
Animal Welfare Unit,
State House 33
City; State 00001
"'-_......<
~
_
2. Suppose you apply for a license on January 15. Will you need to pay a late fee?
to be listed?
4. Why do you think the form asks for the dog's sex} breed, and color?
<
, -~
Apply
You may need to fill out an order form if you want to order something by mail. Suppose
you want to order the following items from the Athletic Closet catalog and pay by check:
1 pair of running shorts, item #422,black, medium, $12.95
1 'l-shirt, item #423, black, medium, $9.95
, Fill in the form below.
Athletic Closet
1200 Corporate Circle
Tandem, FL 04422
1-800-000-1234
Ship to:
Nrune:~~~~
Address: _----
__
-=__~~
~~
__~
Item #
Payment
[ ] Check
[ ] Credit Card __ -
__ ------,-~,.__-
Subtotal:
Delivery:
1. If you ordered two pairs of shorts, what would the total price be?
4. Why do you think the company asks for your phone number?
$5.00
Check Up
Computel'
News
Names
~~
I..-....
--;;-o
_~_~__
"""'_State:
----Zip: _-'-
[ ] Bill Me Later
[ ] Payment Enclosed
Please allow 6-8 weeks for your first issue. Foreign countries, $45.
~_"
.. "_~~_"~"_
. _.~
.. _.~.,,
,,__
the magazine?
-l
Consumer Materials
Suppose you want to sell something or buy something used. You might look in the
classified ads section of a newspaper. There you will find advertisements for all types .
~~.
The items are listed under general headings. The headings are in alphabetical order.
APPUANCES
Upright freezer, white, 15.1 eu ft.
$150. Call 555-1234.
4. 12-string guitar
5. .Interior painting services
6, Cocker spaniel puppies
7. saddles
8. stained. glass supplies
9. color printer
10. tent
Hobbies
Antiques
Horses and Equipment
Boats
Appliances
Practice
use a
understand
to save space.
the ads.
'
SPRINGFIELD APT.
2 bdrms, W /D hook-up,
$500/mo. Avail. Sept. Ist.
Refs. Required. 555-1234
Match the abbreviations with the words that they stand for. Write the
'letter of the meaning beside the abbreviation.
2. spd.
B 40,000 miles
3. OBO
C bedrooms
4. info.
D washer/dryer
5. bdrms
E wheel drive
6. W/D
F references
7. mo.
G air conditioning
8. avail.
H speed
9. refs.
10. 40Kmi.
I or best offer
apartment
11. AC
K available
12. apt.
L month
Apply
Carpentry
A;.lCarpenttY"':"P$1inJing, sIding,
ropfsidecks~Sen. cit. d.fsc.F~ee
Household Help
Cleaning Crew will clean your house
or apt. Exc. refs. Bmg own sppls.
Avl. MWF 8-4. Whl or hlf day.
$80/$40. 555-1234 or leave msg.
A siding
B porches
'C decks
G teachers
H senior citizens
B painting
C cleanup
A estimates
G financing
H remodeling
B 3 P.M.
C 7 P.M.
G apartments
H houses
B bills
C references
, G Tuesday
H Thursday
A children
B supplies
C truck
G $10
H $12
CheckUp
Circle the
Boats
long rooms
Music
living rooms
Appliances
large rooms
Computers
light rooms
,
r
'.1',
r .
W'
Sports Equipment
II Pets
Appliances
dnB belong?
A jewelry
B
Appliances
Clothing
Books
6. What does
7. What does
grand condition
air conditioned
goodcondo
good condition
8. What information
an ad?
is most necessary in
date
seller's name
G by phuHe number
seller's address.
alphabetically
by date
by number
.~.
t.'
116 Consumer
Materials
Res'Ul:ll~SQnly: .
Match the abbreviations with the words they stand for. Write the Jetter of
the rneanlng beside the abbreviation. ~
1. PIT
A morning
2. morn.
B hour
3. eve.
C experience
4. hr
D Post Office
5. exp.
E package
6. P.O.
F week
7. wk.
G evening
B. TN
H part-time
9. BOB
10. pkg.
-,-
Tennessee
Practice
A resume is a summaryof a person's education and work experience. People send their,
resumes to potential employers when they are looking for a job.
Resume
Laurie Paxton
1210 Earl Drive
Newton, WI 88402
Phone: 555-1234
Education:
Present
HighSchool
Work
College
Baxter High School
Newton, WI
Honor Student, Yearbook Editor
Expedence:
2002-2003
Newton Daily News
2003
Fancy Florist
administrative assistant
Worked during the summer as a cashier
2. Laurie wants to apply for a part-time job as a writer. How does her
background help?
3. Some employeesaskfor
references-c-people who know your strengths and weaknesses.
Who might Laurie ask to be a referencefor the job as a writer?
worked?
Apply
Read the following ad. Then answer the questions.
DENTAL ASSISTANT
New dental practice seeks licensed assistant. FIT
8-4, 'Iues--Sat. Med., De1).taLand Pd. Vacation.
Looking for person with high standards and
sense of humor. Comp. salary.
Send resume to: Dr. Higgins, 19 Oak Street,
Sycamore, NH 83025 EOB
6. From reading the ad, what do you know about Dr. Higgins?
Check Up
.Nrume:.~
--~~~~----~~-------------
Address: _......_._"-
__
Phone Number:
Reference:
__"..'-'-~~~
~ __
__ ---------_;,.""".
~___"_~~
10
11
12
Hours Available:
.8
Afternoon:
Evening:
question,
fully
full-time
:-"
education
weight
H parent's names
C part-time
D for today
benefit?
an employee
religion
salary
high school
G insurance
college
EOB
weekends off
C technical school
D elementary school
3. What does
A
extra
exit
expo
stand for?
C exepu:tive
D
experience
Read On Read "Food for AIL" Answer the
questions about consumer materials.
Review
Maps
Maps show
Dictionary
Word$111 f,l..dictionarya;re ar:t"angedill alphaJ;,etical order.l~ach en!l'yg;ivesthe
pronunciation and definil:lpn ofth~ wt'll'd. Itliilso gives the part ofsp~ech/.different
spellings, and history ?f the word.
.
mag net (mag" nit), n. 1 piece of metal ()l'ore thatatfl'acfs !ron or
steel: A lotiestone is a natural magnet. 2.anylfting that af:tracts: The
Index
The index is located at the back of a hoo.k XtIists topics covered in the book and gives the
page number where each topic is disC1:1$Sed.
Lincoln, Abraham
Administration
Election of 1864,431-432
Emancipation Proclamation, 428
Assassination, 433
Congressman, 426
Reference Sources
A card catal()gJs~~~fer~nce$ourcefound inHbral'.ies.ltis tlsuaJ1yaccessed by computer.
It lists books by at1thor(Bn~ll1e,tilrleor theboOl<rand,subJeddr the. bo615 .It tells you where
in the libraryapol&: CI:l:t'\beJound Iilltd gives othei' in!ormationaboutthe book.
t.
Forms
Formsask:forirtfo.trltation. You cQ;Il').pleteformsfcn'many different reasons such as
obtttln:!.ng a librul'ycara or applying for a dQgIic~nse.
Consumer Materials
Classified ads provide consumers with infol'nla.tion about buying or selling items.
Help-wanted ads provide information about jpps.
.
Assessment
Circle the answer to each question.
Formats of Radio Stations
in the United States
Number
of
Stations
800
700
600
500
Mf\!fI~Inri!i8WJ;lJ:iiilnftafltrlllltUl1L
400
. +-
Format
Source: M Street
Gas
Oldies
B News/Talk
C Spanish
D Rock
2. Which format is played more than
Rock and less than Adult Hits?
F
News/Talk
G Spanish
H Oldies
Religion
122 Assessmen t
Hits
AsrClsn",,,,,
engineering
vehicle manufacture
'D
.F
Topeka
G Wichita
H St. Louis
in
Oklahoma City
Assessment
continued
B raccQon,raffle,radius,random
C page, pail, pajamas, panel
D hook, hop, hoop, hope
6, If the guide words on aclicf:ionalY'p.age
Index
Caffeine, 126, 228
Circulation, 36,66,120
Coughing reflex, 200 .
H 216
H matrix
matinee
126
G 200
G maximum
Defibrillator, 266
Diabetes, 216
Diet, 315, 356
315
calcium?
pronunciation (po'shan)?
A position
B poison
Cbetween
reflex
C pottery
D potion
page 356
~i:,
Assessment
continued
is
C publisher
G number of-items
H date of birth
touchdown
size
A October availability
H pass
J
ts,
e0411ie
address
C payment option
D savings account number
124 Assessment
desired
J)
Recognizing Fact a
Opinio~
A fact is a statelnt}ltt11,1atcan be tested and proved. George Wa$t#ngrotl was the first
Presidlmt of tht!tUnited States. This statement is~:fac:t. It can bepl'oved.
Anopltdon tellshQw ;;t person thinks I:)ree~$about something. Opinions cannct.be
proved, George, ,Washington !pttJ) tb~ ~)'~t1te$teresiClerlt.This statemsnt isal1op,inion. S?~"l(~
~\{ords s1.'1Jzha:$Jt$eemJ>, Hhmk,greatest,ti!rftble, should, and wonderful may signal opmlOns.
Read each statement. Write fact or opinion. Circle any word that signals
an opinion.
centers around a
1"
Practice
If a passage c:ontZiinsan opinion, underline the opinion. If the passage
contains only facts, circle the passage.
1.
Faults,
01'
cracks, in the earth's surface can run through land and under the ocean.
Undersea faults can create powerful ocean waves. SOl:);tepeoplecall these tidalwaves. They
shouldn't use 'thisterm, however, because the waves have nothing ttl dd with tide!?
Scientists use the Japanese word tsunami, which means "harbor wave," as the term for a
huge wave created by the movement of undersea faults.
2.
Monfi<;elloin Virginia was Thomas Jefferson's home. He designed the house himself,
basing it on classical architecture. After all, classical architecture is the best model of
harmony and proportion. The Temple of Vesta in Rome inspired the columned porticos
Jefferson used at Monticello.
3.
Authors such as Charles Dickens protested child labor conditions in British factories,
Unregulated child labor existed in British factories until the middle of the 19th century. The
Factory Act of 1847 limited a child's workday in textile mills to 10 hours.
4.
There is a new kind of addiction. The addiction is to computers. Some people can't
se.elU.topull theml!!elvesaway from the cQmpLtrer.T.hey can sit in6:ont of the l,TIaclune for
five hours, and Itn1ay seem to them Iike fiVe minl.ltes. One sign oladdiction to the
computer is that a person sneaks around to use one-just
5.
likeother addicts.
For some European settlers, hearing Native American words was an educational
experience. They learned new words for rivers, animals, plants, and mountains. Settlers in
cities and villages were wise to name their settlements using the beautiful Native American
words.
6.
George Of well is the :name used by at!thor Eric Arthur Blair. One ofh'tstamous
novels,
Animal Parm, is (tsatiie oi$f&1ipisl:il. This novel is his best. He also wrote lSJ84, a .uovel that
contains the well-known warning "Big Brother is watching you."
<
Apply
Read each topic. Write one fact and one opinion about the topic.
sport
, 1. Fact __ ~~
~~~
~~~~
__
movie
4.
food
5. Fact.__ ~~~~
~~
6. Opinion -"-
~~
__
......,_,_
......
season
president
9. Fact
....._
__ ~
___
,~
Check Up
Circle the answer that shows whether the statement is a -taa or an opinion.
1.
Gwendolyn
Brooks, an African-
6.
A fact
B opinion
side or Chicago.
2.
G opinion
7.
fact
B .opinion
8.
B opinion
4.
on
fact
fact
opinion
fact
G opinion
G opinion
5.
'Ibday's CD~ROMtechnology
per.mits whole libraries to be.stored
a single disk, thus allowing rapid
access toinfarmation.
A fact
G opinion
3.
fact
The LibraryofCollgress,.the
9.
wqrld1s
...
"..Hb:t'Al'Yihdlds milliqns
significance.
opinion
1 0.t&()nard()d~l
Vil'lcifspainflngo1'the
Freet
Gopinkll1
Identifying'Fact and
opinion
. .
1.
Many people think the Victorians lived bya rigid moral code. Books about the period
show that this was only partly true.
2.
The'p0lal' bear can:ri~hfIy'be.cal1ed the King of the North. Polar beUl:s are the largest
land predators in the NOl'th. S()a ,glXivvll polar bear fears no othex aUb-nal.
3.
The cowhand of the Old West had borrowed many ideas from the Mexican vaquero. The
Texas saddle, however, with a pommel for the rider's lariat, was a vast improvement over
Mexican saddle design,
4.
DUring the last ten seconds, your brain absorbed ten million bits of data. You will
forget most of this information immediately, but you may remember some of it all your life.
5.
'rhel'eis aSirl1ple way to reduce gai'bage in Ia11dBUs,.Few .people realize 'that 40 percent
of lalldfUls are uUlde up oipaE'er. Recycling.paper can help a 10ta~ldis a simple process.
6.:rIo~lg'I<O~lg
is a city of COtltra$ts.Anciellt and modern architecture exist side by side.
Interestit).g Chinese junks andlLll1lberingJcl'l.'ies sail the harbor,
Practice
These statements
1.
2.
3.
4.
Historians have been unable to verify the sil~ybtlt populal'leget:ld that Betsy Ross made
the first flag at the request of a special COll'unittM that inlUclE!.d th~l)1'i11iantgeneral,
George Washington.
Everyone has heard of the Baseball Hall of Fame, which is located in Cooperstown,
New York. Inthe 1970s,1:\IOl).goverdue special committee was set up to consider admitting
players fl'omthe Negro Leagt1.es,
Marian Anderso~ was a famous African-American singer of her day. Her most famous
and most brilliantly performed concert took place in front of the Lincoln Memorial.
Apply
Read each topic. Write a fact and an opinion about the topic.
song
1. Fact
~~~~
~ __ ~~
~----
__ ~--
__
vacation
3. Fact _~
~ __ ~~
~~
__
car
job
7. Fact --~~--~---~---------~--~-------~--~
__
--c--------
___
dog
9. Fact
~~
~~
~ __ ------------
__
Check Up
Circle the answer that shows whether the statement is a fact or an opinion.
1.
6.
fact
G opinion
A fact
B opinion
2.
7.
A fact
B opinion
fact
G opinion
3.
8.
conip:tlter~~nd otherelectronlc
4.
9,
fact
G opinion
5.
fact
G opinion
opinion
A fact
B
10.
ds
Borrowed
1.
tornado
shampoo
--
C cargo
D vote
H cookie
I robot
lid
Latin
Dutch
3.
Czech
4.
Greek
5.
Hindi
6. ~~
Spanish
7.
8.
French
9.
Spanish
Latin
G grammar
adult
camouflage
2.
10.
labor"
votum, meaning
load"
lito vow"
Borrowed Words
a,.
usins Graphs
Gt'aphs are used to show information.
A b1'l!graph 'ttsesbaxsancla grid toahow data. The title explains what the g~t:(lphisabbttt.
The Male .$Qw~h"'"Ihgi)1Orttll;i:k>nis being measured. The graph below dlDlplll'lli the
weekly salaries Qf.full-itm.e women workers in 1997.
.weekly Earnings of Full- Time Women Workers (1991)
Weekly
Salary
'TYpes of Jobs
Source: i9~9 Time Almanao
4. Abotit how much more per week does a manager earn than a salesperson?
5. About how much less per week does a woman who farms earn than a woman
who
drives
a truck?
Using Grdphs 89
Practice
A line graph can show changes that happen over time.
Number
of
Customers
30
r--~~~~~~~-----____'r---~.
Time
5, What is the difference between the greatest and the least numbers of customers?
90 Using Graphs
Apply
A circle graph shows parts in relation to a whole. All of the parts together
NUclear
8%
Source, Information from World Book Encyoopedla.199S
Check Up
Circle the answer for each question,
80
Number 70
of
60
storl
50
ones 40
Towers
Source: 2000 World Almanao
Sears Tower
C Empire State
D Central Plaza
2. Which of the buildings listed below has
Empire State
Central Plaza
H Sears Tower
Petronas Towers
Empire State
Central Plaza
C JinMao
D Sears Tower
92 Using qraphs
money?
F Interest on debt
G
Social Security
H Health
Military
to greatest.
A
Security
ading
A map is a picture that shows where places are located. Maps are drawn to scale to
show the distance between places or buildings. Below is a map showing part of
San Diego, California.
N
W-$-E
S
2. You are at the Law Library. You walk to the Chamber Building. How many blocks
have you walked?
3. You are on Third Avenue at C Street. You walk west for two blocks. What street
do you come to?
Reading Maps 93
Practlce
The map key explains what the 'symbols on the map mean. On this map, coordinates
pinpoint locations. For example, the bus station is located at B4.
Key
Subway
Town of Waterville
Library
B
Aquarium
. City Hall
School
D
Hospital
E
Park
4
Bus Station
94 Reading Maps
,I
Apply
.f.
A,irport
--
Country Road
~
5
.. Highway
Reading Maps 95
.. :
Check Up
Use the map. Circle the answer for each question.
W-$-E
S
o~............J 1
miles
Key
.,fI' Moose
-
MajorRoad
1 mile
4 miles
6 miles
D 8 miles
2. You are hiking from David Pond to Lily
Pond. What direction are you traveling?
F north
G
south
east
west
3 miles
6 miles
10 miles
Lily Pond
Bear Mountain
Snowy Mountain
paved
major road
D unpaved
96 Reading Maps
Using the .D
<-
onary
A dictionary gives the pronunciation and definition of words. It also gives their parts of
speech, different spellings, and histories.
Words in the dictionary
order.
bet
aollar
Guide words help you find words in the dictionary. They are printed at the top of each
dictionary page. They show the first word on the page and the last word on the page.
Write each word in the box under the guIde words for the dictionary page
where the word belongs. (You will not use every word.)
cellar
lapel
cemetery
cellophane
3.
cell
cement
cello
lamp
convent
convention
4. lap
lapse
convene
Celtic
larch
lard
convenient
constant
lapdog
lanky
5. control
conve~ge
~-._1:1-
Caption: A tired search dog finds time to rest as rescue efforts at the World
Trade Center in New York City continue just a few feet away.
2 . There were many heroes who worked to search for survivors of 9-11. One
groUp of re$cLl~ workerswsst1ot firefighters, miUta!y,orlaw enforcement
personnel, They. ditl not wear protective l:;ear over fhelr faoes.TIley were paid little
more for theIr efforts than a paton the head, a.litue pralseJand agood meal. This
amazing group of volunteers was the search-and-rescue canines. The SARC's are
dogs of different breeds and aqesthat have been trained to perform as searchand-rescue canines.
.
In the days following the terrorist attacks of 9-11, rescuers frantically worked to
locate as many survivors in the rubble as humanly possible. Some oflhe finest SAR dogsinJhe .
nation were dispatched to search the still srnolderlnq debris. More than three hundred and fifty dogs
were involved in the search and rescue efforts at the World Trade Center.
3
Ith~Sfjeens.aldthiswas
the fargestgroUp of search dogseveruseq ina searh ..and~rescue
operation in the history oftheUnitedStaies. Many were sent ,by different ag~nclesof thego\farhment
Some came with tnElirowners as volunteers from acress th$couritry. TheseSARdogs and their .
handlers searched through the rubble around the clock for weeks.
<4
Jake, ablack Labrador, was one of the. SAR dogs brought in by owner Mary Flood. She and Jake
came from Utah to help with the rescue. Jake and Mary worked for days on end at the site, sniffing
through the rubble for any sign of survivors.
5
Jakehaa peen abandoned asa puppy and left on the street. He had a dislocated hip and a
broken leg when he was found. MaryFlooqadopted him and,against all odds, he became a worldclass rescu~ dog. Marytralne.d Jake to beCOme a government-certified rescue dog. She and Jake
were on24~hour call to help with any l1atiol1wldedisasters such as earthquakes, hurricanes,
av~lanhe$Jorbullding oollapses.
I)
7
Mary Flood was a member ofUtah Task Force 1, which was one of eight federal search and
rsscueteams at Ground Zero searching for survivors. The day Jake and Mary arrived, they were
esc9rted to a fancy New York restaurant where they were treated to a fancy steak dinner. Jake ate his
steak from a plate under the table.
S
Jake also helped with the rescue of survivors of hurricane Katrina in Mississippi. Mary drove for
thirty hours from herhemafn OakleyrUtah,lo bring Jake to help with the search and rescue
operations. Theysearcned through the rubble offloodedhomes in search ofsutvfvors of Hurricane
Kettrina. SadlyfJake dfedln Julyof2007afier
a battle with cancer.
There are many dogs like Jake who have saved countless lives using their extraordinary sense of
smell to IOCl!ltesurvlvors~fter a catastrophe. Four dog soulpture~ have pt:)eriinstalled at the New York
offioesofJ.P Morganand Oompany honoring the Canine Searoh and Rescue teams who were caIled
to servefoUowing the attacks on September 11, Not aU hsross are numans,
9
e :
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~lnvas'lhErrargestorTfs'krrl(rri;-O;s':""~'~""-"'"
Labrador retriever
@ A collie
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(Jt:.lltused
Apoodle
,,'''_.'''','_'''''''~,
,_''~_'',',
.. ,
,_,
,."',M,'''""
' _"",_,_
York City?
Ci;) A steak dinner
ClD A feather bed
. A bouquet of flowers
C1D A doggie treat
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6. What otherdlsasterdld
218
The Canine
By Joyce Furstenau
VVofJ\:lU.U!!'
Heroesot 91>011
member
rescuers
nation
odds
federal
became
, history
become
Directions:
"'''V'''''pt:I'IJIU\-j.UUIIIIU!:)I"1J1l
military ,
battle
world-class
government-certified
humanly
smoldering
country
terrorist
Fill in each blank with the word that best completes.the reading comprehension. ,
Caption: A tired search dogfinds time to rest as rescue efforts at the World Trade Center
in New York City conttnuefustafew feet away.
There were many heroes who worked to search for survivors of 9-11. One group of
rescue workers was not firefighters, (1) ,",
, or law enforcement
personnel. They did not wear protective gear over their faces. They were paid little more for
their efforts than a pat on the head, a little praise, and a good meal. This amazing group of
volunteers was the search-and-rescue canines. The SARC's are dogs of different breeds and
ages that have been trained to perform as search-and-rescue canines.
In the days following the (2)
attacks of9-11,
(3)
(4)
(5)
were dispatched to search the still (6) ";;_'
___;.
.............
___;.___;.
.............
___;.___;.~ debris.
More than three hundred and fifty dogs were involved in the search and rescue efforts at the World Trade Center.
It has been said this was thelargest group of search dogs ever used in a search-and-rescue operation in the
(7)
of the United States. Many were sent by different agencies of the government.
Some came with their owners as volunteers from across the (8)
These SAR dogs
and their handlers searched through the rubble around the clock for weeks.
!
Jake, a black Labrador, was one of the SAR dogs brought in by owner Mary Flood. She and Jake came from
Utah to help with the rescue. Jake and Mary worked for days on end at the site, sniffing through the rubble for
any sign of survivors.
Jake had been abandoned as a puppy and left on the street. He had a dislocated hip and a broken leg when he
was found. Mary Flood adopted him and, against all (9)
, he
(10)
a (11)
rescue dog. Mary trained Jake to
(12)
a (13)
rescue dog. She and Jake were on 24hour call to help with any nationwide disasters such as earthquakes, hurricanes, avalanches, or building
collapses.
Mary Flood was a (14)
http://www.edhelperblog.com/cgl-blnlvspec.cgl
I "1;l.U
IU
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(15)
search and rescue teams at Ground Zero searching for survivors. The day
Jake and Mary arrived, they were escorted to a fancy New York restaurant where they were treated to a fancy
steak dinner, Jake ate his steak from a plate under the table.
Jake also helped with the rescue of survivors of hurricane Katrina ill Mississippi. Mary drove for thirty hours
through the rubble of'flooded homes in search of survivors of Hurricane Katrina. Sadly, Jake <liedin July of
2007 after a (16)
with cancer.
There aremany
like Jake who have saved countless lives using their extraordinary sense of smell to
locate survivors after a catastrophe. Four dog sculptures have been installed at the New York offices of ~.P.
Morgan and Company honoring the Canine Search and Rescue teams who were called to serve following the
attacks on September 11. Not all heroesare humans.
Copyright 2016 edllelper
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1. T~e:Canin~ Heroes
of 9-11 - Answer _K(Jf,
.
Ql) It was
~ A Labrador retriever
A steak dinner
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6/8
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The events of 9/11 and daily news fromthe Middle East might make terrorism seem like a modern
problem. Unfortunately, it has along and bloody history. Terror as a weapon b'egan almost with the
history of man. The word terrorism was first used in France in the late eighteenth century.
Leaders of the French Revolution used terror to force people to submit to their authority. In what
was called the "Reign of Terror," citizens were locked up, tortured, and guillotined. French scholars of
the time defined terrorism as lithe system or rule of terror."
2
The old French definition mayseemsimple and obvious. But what exactly is terrorism? Its basic
element, of course, isterror, or extreme fear. Violence is' its primary tool. Perhaps the most scary,
baffling thing about terrorism is,its lawlessness, Terrorists simply ign~:>re
the accepted rules against
murder, injury, and destruction. Our systems of law and order strive to protect us from terrible things.
Terrorists deliberately inflict them ..
3
Terrorism began as a weapon of war. Early Greek writings tell of the use of fear to defeat an
enemy. Rulers also used terrorism as a way of controlling or "cleansing" their populations. The
Spanish Inquisition was a so~call~d religioUScleansing, directed by Spain's Queen Isabella. Spanish
, Jews were the main victims of this 300-yearstretch of torture and butchery.
4
The Inquisition was only one of the many examples of the use of terrorby a nation against its own
people. Two others were the mass killings of Jews byNazi Germany and Saddam Hussein's chemical
weapons attacks on Iraqi Kurds. .
5
Terrorism was also carried out against governments bythose who were unhappy with national,
leadership. After the defeat of the South in the American Civil War,for instance, some angry Southern
whites formed the Ku Klux Klan. TheKlan's terror tactics, including arson and murder, were aimed at
keeping blacksfrom exercising their newly won freedoms.
6
In the late nineteenth century, several groups arose in Europe and Russia who saw assassination
as the way to end unpopular regimes. Groups like this were called anarchists because they used
anarchY,or disruption of law and order, toaccomplish their ends. The anarchists, like many terrorists,
believed that targeting their oppressiveleaders would rally the people behind them.
7
9
A sinister trend of modern terrorism is toklll and destroy indiscriminately. Like the 3,000 who died
on September 11, larqe numbers of innocent people have been victims of the latest attacks. In 1983,
Pan AmFlight 103 was blown apart over Scotland,. killing 270. Libyan and Palestinian terrorists were
accused of the crime.
The 1995 bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City killed 168 people,
including children in .adaycare located in the facility. Timothy McVeigh,agent of an anti-government
military group, was later tried and executed for this act of terrorism.
10
In Augustof 1998, U.S.embassiesin Kenya and Tanzania were bombed, killing 224 people and
injuring 5,000 in the surrounding areas. Seventeen members of AI Qaeda were charged, but only four
were brought to justice.
'
11
12
Terrorists of today seem willing to victimize anyone and everyone. Advancing a cause has
become a lesser objective. The killing itself seems the primary goal. How to deal with such a mindset
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1/8
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is a problem that plagues leaders the world over. It is a question that doesn't seem likely to go away
anytime soon.
Copyright 2016 edllelpcr
http://www,edhelperblog,Qom/cgl.blnlvspec,cgl
218
Name
--~-----------~------
Date
~------
Th$RoQts of Terrorism
"
~
..
.:
by
_ ...
past?
...
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mlndset
regimes
rally
antimgovernm'ent
blood
care
unpopular'
victimize
agent
oppressfve
Directions: Fill in each blank with the word that best completes the reading comprehension.
The events 01'9/11 and daily news from the Middle East might make terrorism seem like a modern problem.
Unfortunately, it has a long ami (1)
history, Terror as a weapon began almost with
"]he,hj,,'itn~'Y~ofmtn,JllC.,,,watdJ1Jrl'o:dsh1,:WJls<nl'it~tt$.edJnll'1,~tUlc~,.inMtllttlati},eighteentllJjel1t'Ut~.",,,,,,,,_,,,,~,,'''''''~''~''_
Leaders of the French Revolution used terror to forcepeople.to submit totheir authority. In what was called
the "Rdgn of Terror," citizens werelocked up, tortured, and guillotined. French scholars of the time defined
terrorismas "the system or rule of tenor."
The old French definition may seem simple and obvious. But what exactly is terrorism? Its basic element, of
course, is terror, or extreme fear. Violence is its primary tool. Perhaps the most scary, baffling thingabout
terrorism is its lawlessness. Terrorists simply ignore the accepted rules against murder, injury, and destruction.
Our systems .of law and order strive to protect us from terrible things. Terrorists deliberately inflict them.
Terrorism began as a weapon of war. Early Greek writings te11of the use of fear to defeat an enemy. Rulers
also used terrorism as a way of controlling or "cleansing" their populations. The Spanish Inquisition was a
(~),
religious cleansing, directed by Spain's Queen Isabella. Spanish Jews were
the main victims of this 300~year stretch of torture and (3)
,
The Inquisition was only one of the many examples of tho use of'terrorby a nation against its own people.
Two others were the masskillings of Jews by Nazi Germany and SaddamHussein's chemical weapons attacks
on Iraqi Kurds.
Terrorism was also carried out against governments by those who were unhappy with national leadership.
After the defeat of the South in the American Civil War, for instance, some angry Southern whites formed the
Ku Klux Klan. The Klan's terror tactics, including arson and murder, were aimed at keeping blacks from
exercising their newly won freedoms.
In the late nineteenth century, several groups. arose in Europe and Russia who saw assassination as the way to
end (4) ,
(5)
. Groups like this were called
anarchists because they used anarchy, or disruption of law and order, to accomplish their ends. The anarchists,
like many terrorists, believed that targeting their (6)
__.,.~ leaders would
(7)
the people behind them.
In our time, a new terrorism has emerged. Today's terrorist is likely to be part of a large, loose network of
quasi-military groups. These "cells" operate in many different countries, linked by the internet and modern
transportation. They have access to far more sophisticated weapons and methods than did their earlier
http://www.edhelperblog.com/cgl-blnlvspec.cgl
4/8
. of an (11)
5,OOOinthesuirounding areas. Seventeen members of Al Qaeda were charged, but only four were brought to
(12) .......-~~".,......--.........___....-.....,..
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Name
each word three times.
eighteenth
arson
so-called
.Mu.rrah
sinister
oppressive
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bloody
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The Constitutional Convention opened in Philadelphia in May, 1787, and finisheq its
work In September. The delegates to the convention were not elected by the people, but
Instead were selected by their state.legislatures.
'
The delegates to the convention were. men of great ability. Many had fought In the
RevolutionalyWar, many were educated, and many were wealthy. They weremen of great
,'power and Influence in theirown states.
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,.'
Eventually,
two would become
presidents of the UnltedSt~tes, one a
vice presldent, and 26 would serve in
Congress. AUin all, there were 65 official
,delegates, put only 55 made it to
Philadelphia. T~eaverageattehdance
at eabhday's meeting was about 30.
George Washington; a'delegate
from Virginia, was chosen to be the
president of the Cohventlon.Atfirst, the .
: purpose of the convention was torevlse
the Articles. of'Confederation,bllt very
quickly the delegates decided to replace
the Artlclee with a new plan for
government.
Two, important leaders were
absent from the convention. John Adams
and Thomas Jefferson, who were
influ~ntlallnthe writing of.theDeclar~tion
of I~dependenoe~wereln EuroP$servlng
asambassadofS to other nations,
,Benjamin Franklin of Pe'nnsylvanla was George Washington was chosen as the president
the oldest del.egate at 81 y~arsold, .and
,
of the Constit~tional convent~o~.
Jonathan Dayton of New Jersey was the youngest at 26. Other delegates present were
Alexander Hamilton and James Madison. There was one state that refused to .send
delegates tothe Constitutional Convention; Rhode Island did not sendany representatives
to Philadelphia.
'
During those five hot summer months In 1781,the 65dalagate$struggl&dtooreate
a more flexible form of government for the newUn!ted States ..Th~ most~erioustaskthat
~ac.edthe delegates was how to. achieve a balance betWeen Ill)erty~lnd authority. There
were many different viewpoints and opinions onhow togo about that task. The oonoe-ptof
cornprornlse unified the differences Into a supreme dooument oapable of representing the
opinions of all Americans.
TheOonstltutionthaUest)lted from this historic oonvenUon isnoWover 200years old .
Few wrlttenoonstltutlom~ have lasted as long as the Oonstltutlon of the United States.
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The Gre~t C-Qrripromi'se ~alledfor, a hloaroerarcoilgree(,. The'fif$fhuusawastobe
called the House of Repres~ntatlves, with repr~$!1lrita.tlv~s:eJe~t~d
byth,(;rpeopte fora/two ..
'ye~r te rm. The':humJ:Jer.01. r$pre$ent~tlve$' ,~~t}.h"j$t~tt
"coutd ,e.I.eQt.wolJld:dt1j~endon .the
population of the 'sta.t$: Tnls"plaased"the large's'tettes.:'"
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The'second housewas be called the Senate; wlths'enato'rs'elected by their state
,legislatures for a slx-ysar term; Each state,Wouldhavetwo senators. This pleased the small
states. The Great Cornpromise. had succeeded; both sides gofWhat they wanted .
G.reat
failed.
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6. What was the Great Compromise" and how did it establish the legislative body?
eQUALITY
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Anqth~r problem fac,ing the QOnstitllt.1Q!J~!
,Qpn\((\)t)iionwas hpWto.,dlVide,t~;el'powers ,
of a government. Who will make the laws? Who Will mak~ siJrethe laWs are obeyed? WhQ
will make sure the laws are "good" la~s? These questions wer~ answered in the next set
of compromises','
,
..
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.
America'ngovernment can be seen as a tree, The Oonstitution is the trunk, or base,
with three branchesextendlnqfrom that'
trunk Those .three branches are the
legislative branch, the executive branch,
and the Judicial branch. Each branch
has different responsibiIitiesanq looks
out for ahdcheck,s' ;th~ ,'Qfh'er~tWo
. <branches.These goncepts;'respeotiv~ly;"
are called separation of poWers and
cheoks"'Emd balances. .
The legIslative branch was
de.fined during the Great compromise.
Tog'ether, the House of Representatives
and the:Sen~te,make the laws to govern
our country. The legislative branch also
checks the' executive and judtclal
branches.
,
The second branch is the
exeoutive branch., Eventually, the
del'egatesdecideqto
create a chief
executive .. Under the Arttclesot
Confed,eration, there was ncnaflona'
ieader.,ThefoundlnQfathersh~d fearedTheu.S.QU"stltutiQnprc>vld,~{dorth~l,gl~lathie,
oreatinganother"king,I'Therewas much
executlv~;tmd Judicial btiulohes Ofgotlll'nment.
dis~usslon,. even talk of having two
'.
....
....
.
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equally powered leaq~rs. Theconv$n~fonagreedtocr~at$ one president, butol1ly If the
PraSJd~ntwould be cl1a.OKfi)QQrwat~hed by tha.legisl~tive,and Ju~ioial btanches. TheJob of
the Pre.sident,'and the executlvs branch Is to carry out the laws passed by the legislative
branch.,
'"
': ' .
The thlrdbranoh e~fabnshed the}udl()lalsystem.Tha Judiolal branch was'to be
heacledby the SupremeOoutt. Uls th.ejob of the Supreme Court to Ihterpret or define the
IflWS~TheSllprem~Court ischo$enbytheptesidsnt ahQ approvedbyth'e Senate. The'
judicial branch checks the exe9utiveand legislatJv~ branches ..
Each branch has its own specific resp0'n'sibillties. E.~chhas'a separate power. Part
of the responsibility of a branch Is to control or check the power of the other branches. That
way,no one branch gets to be too powerful; each branch Is balanced.
'\.,::~t.~:~:~':'~~HpF
THEqQ~ST.'~~i:,I'PN.
" '
"
.,
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.
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. .
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-;}\tl:'::f~:":".,';~. ~- ,.,....,v,.:~'
':'[OI:l.~.oks:~f1diBalances:'.,,"
i
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,~"i;,
:'C,.
!:';,'
'1
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Le,gi$lative:..,;_.....:.:.....~~~~~~~~~~~~....:..-~~~_"---~
Executive: -----........,_---_;_--~~~~---.,-~~~"""Y~~.
2:
,,,.-.
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.......
~.
.,
"
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......................
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...-
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is
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the back
of George
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I,
....
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'du,~fctarBtanth
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, Re'atio.nahlp~,i
-; "h\Frr;qtr;'fI
AAtl.OLEVU'
<-',~
"~..
n ", ""
t~~l~l~tfv~"ar~noh
II '
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pre'~s~'$p~eCh:'
ass~rntirY~~~tifion"
"",...
~': : . _-..".,
.-' *"
property
VII
VIII
IX
X
XI
6f the~ccus,ed
Rightto trial by Jury
"',SUlts .agaJnststf,tte.s
EleotI9,t.offhaPtesldent
XII!,',
of slavery ,
XII
"
XIV
Oi,Vltlghls'fn the> states
XV:
Slack sy1frage ~
XVI 'Inc<)matax
XVII
t)jr~ote{ectionof sanators,
,XVIIIProhlbiflon
'
XIX
Wom~n's'sUffrage
XX
Illaroe Quok",parlod
XXI
Repear'ofProhlbition, '
XXII ,'Prasl~entral term Of offloe
XXIII
VotIng. IntheC>lstrfotof Oolumbla
XXIV . Abolifkm.of poll t$xes
XXV Pre$ldentialdjs~bilfty andauocesslon
XXVIEfghte~h"year"O'd vote
XXVII Congressionalpay rafses
10
-::.'Z'
.;
Organlzatlo.n, af
t"" :Co.hstltutlon
~".,
:~Chair
"e'. e~'
. ~
1. D~flne:
,Ratify: ~ __
_"
.,,--
... '::
'I
~_...,:. _ _...............__",_._..__.,.--------r-~~'
"
,_
.-
AmenQ:~~~_........~
__ ~~~~~~~~~~--~~~~--,
Article: __,_~
__
""",:""""";,,,;_,:,___-----:,__;,,-----__';"----"'---:--""""""'-----
2.. W,hen was the oonsmunon approved by the Convention? ..,......,..,.--'--'--------3. Wh~t date 'was the Constitution approved by the states? ._;:;........;.....---'-------4. What do you think the sun represents in Franklin's quotation?
;......_......_--~~
..............
_------_,;._---------
.
....,
9. Why havecertain
__ -----------
phrases orseotlons
...........
-----.......--.-----......"...-
been itallclzed?
"
11
....
'-;'7t:-:-
--------
.............
-
.; -:
'I iI'
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';. '~:.
I.
f"
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-T'he /Rtliat;tib}e
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by tf1eJ,~~~pla;J16lQY901a,kingI'dlct~tor,';or
~bs,oIM.tfJ,.:rul~r.,
t:'
'
,,The,~
.,,f~th~rs had slx goals in mind' wtien 'they set out to create the
Constitution. .are~"
,
'
.(U to, f6tm'~m6ra.perlect'unioh'" "
",,' ".,"
. "\,',:,,", ",p;,
($~tup 8 str~nfJer government than tl]ey had unaer the Articles of
. ,,f$P'(1l~d.~t~tfanr'
",,:,;: " ,
(g) estaplI~h1tl~tlpa'
,,
,((rt1R(Qv{a..(be"owurt,ystem)
(3) Inswad9IT!ss,tiQtrariqUifIty
, (l:u~vepe(J.Qe1(1 't;I.!rf!(fJ.tes) ,
(4) provide'f6rthecon~on def~nse
. ,.,
..'
,,"'-,~(P(l~tf!P,t:th,(},OJJ(Jt(f;lrQm.~Fiemies)"
"W~
{51grornofaihegenera1wetia.ca
. . ,,(h~Vf3 gQqi;lll~lnl1 condlr~(ms)
(6) secursthe blessings of Uberty to ourselves and our posterity.
(hal(f# f"eedom for. thems1.lves'andfuture Arrteficans)
, The Pra,mbleexprsssasthehopes
for themselves'a..nd thelronlIdreri~
~.
...~~ww., .. ..~.ww".W"~_""""'_'''',''ww''w'''w'w'w,
""~~'mw'wWw""w",www
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.'
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IA(~ the peaplfJ aftn!! United States, In order.to form a more perfect l/nion; Establish
JUsticel Insure domestioTra.nqulllty,provldelorth~ common Defense, promote the general
12
The Preamble
~,Challenges ~
1. By whose power was the Constitution written? ........-....--~~--....----....--~
2. Fill in the blanks:
GOALS OF THE CONSTITUTION:
(Actua.l words of the Constitution)
a.. __ -.---------~--------~
f.
3. Rewrite the Preamble in your own words.
13
I'
'" i
t-i<
..
...
1iJ"",,~._.""''''''''''''''''
I1
,
'1X2=~
lX3=:J
.
..
1x1=1
. .', ." t
1,,4=
lxS=
-..2)i1~2
3X2-e
.,.
-2x2=4
'.
2x3=6
2X4=8 .
~=12
,2xg-=1'S ,
2x"lOa20
7x/.:7
7)<';l IJf
~
7 X 3-#,,'d1'
7)(S
.-~---:
...."''','''''~~~
...t.,,~
7X~'taa'
.. -":":""""",.",."<"",.,<." ..,,.-~,,,,,,,,,,,.,.,,.:,,.:.,.,,,,-:.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,~,........_~"':,~
4x7-28
3X9r=:27'.
. ..
3:x:tO=30" '".4xIO=40.
.
l.l.33...
3~24
.~.~ 92..
8t$:?j;J/O.
'-"".,_"'''',''',*',,''''v,<<<-.''<-'''','m'''''''''''"''"'''"'''~"''~'''''''''',;;;'''''''_;;
.
.:4.k.l..
1
..
...i.44.
6x:l~6
,~'6x2=12
6X3=l8
6x4=24
GXS='30
6x6=9S'
.5x7==35
~. -6x7=42
..
Sxa-4~- ',-6x8"48
!ix.6-30
SX9=4S
6)t9=54
Sx10=50
-6x10=60
Sxl1 =55 .~x~1 =66 .
IJ.Z~11C
,"
4d=.36
~.'.
3Xl:e
7[);7;;.
lxe~
4~6..24
:a~a~.24 ',..fHa-sa:
'.2X12=243xI2=36
1.5f ,~ 11:1''''70'
7X4J.ztr
3xS.15,
..22
...
:~X.
.7XiD;;:r~
5x2=10'
4x3:"12
SXS=lS
- ',4X4=16. ~ Sx.4-=20.
,'4x5=20
5x5=~
3xl=21
:btB=J6
1x12=t12,
4X2~8
~'3X8~l8
2x1=14
1x111..112x.,1,
- .3X3a9
3x4~:"2.
Sicle=a5
..Ax1 =4
.3x.1=3
~~il0
10 .
...
".:
"3x~=ifP -,
f!J. 7' -:::0"to
~xg.::l.f
3x.l::--l2
__ ~
.rk~~ IP.:
~3~;;.1 .
Cfx~:::: $4
VJt7~ 13'
'til:-, ."4
'1Jft::rf~
1fKo
3'h1D'~fO
__ """"<,,,,,,,,~,;,,,<,,~,,,,,,,,,<o<,,,,,<<<,,_<<,,,\%~""<w.-H~'<<;Y~,,"_/'/,~_,~
tXI.~ 9'
6x12==72
__"",,_
>!c.
.ifS
>9:N~'t
q'tfi:)~ 90
,.
'
.s :
'a good
dayfqr f+picriic.
. .
.
..
how
do the
l
!
J~nunaerator
_31r::!
100
denominator
stands
All
. , .
.:;
<.
wlti~
'
percent sign means a whole thing was divided into 100 parts.
The number 3 means this percent stands for 3 of the 100 parts.
Three percent is the same
3%
as three-hundredths.
100
== I~
I~
Example 1.
,.
25%
j[
100
80,,25%
'tI:ii
4"
of the box.
So, 50%
:=
OIl!
_]Q_
100
1
.2
Wd~eeMb f1un'lbel'tls~percent.
'rbn wdte ItM a fraotion ov~rlQO.
Reduce the t:raotioll wb~npossible.
The
l.Eight
out of a hundred
2,
3,
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Percent
B%
Fraction
== .
.2
25
Answers forexe
Sfit
S%
1.
~
..
7.
Seven.out.ofa hundred
7%
1%
.1
100
i"
1~0,
.,
Step 2,
100 ,
1,'J.,()
=!x1l)!f
All
=~==
20
Change
Step 1.
Step~,
lto
a per~ent.
~X
Put
I~
-,~
X,!
ss
25
number:
'25%
So,!
j
Example 2.
Change
Step 1,
=:
i to a percent.
Multiply the fraction by
~
Step 2.
25%
X liD
100,.
lilt
:;:: }IX1
=:
75
= 75%
E)(efCis~ 2
Change these fractions ,to percents.
1.
4. '
2.
1
,2
5.
3.
3
10
6.
f:i
_QQ_
100
_g
25
I
;:=
99% '
....
-_- ...
3~ Un,d~rs~andingpercentslsdecimals
There is another way to lockat 'percents.
Percents stand for "hundredths."
You know that three percent is the same
,3%.
.,.
l~O
>~
"
.as three-hundredths.
l~O
-'.,
-~
into a deoimal.,
mi~erator'(top~umber)
by the,denominator
(bottom number) .
.03 .
~OO) 3.00
, 3
100
ee
==,
three-hundredths
.03
.~':'-l
3%
__
100
three
three
hundredths
percent
three ()utaI~hund;l'f?d:
tdshow
'
;,
,.OS
;, '\ ~t
..
three
hundredths
25
Step 2.
Step 3.
I~""'"
80,250/0
.,
,
~=
.25
Understanding percents
as decimals I
13
~Xa.m.ple2.
: Change 50%
Into a
Step 1.
Step 2.'
Put
Step 3.
a decimal
50'
Example 3.
d,eci~~~.
.50 or .5
ioo.
Step 1.
Step 2.
Step 3.Mov~
14 / Understanding percents
as decimals
Exercise3a
Change the percent Into a decimal.
1.8%
2.2%
3.50%
4.75%
5.10%
6.99%
7. 100%
8.1%
Exercise 3b
81:1ow eatlilpetdent. as ade.oim.al.
Decimal
Recluc('rthe
,' ' :'~.'
-- =, ..-:':
.-,
Fraction
_g[ = !
100
4
3.75%
4.10%
I 1
I \.......
II .:.\
.'..
I ..'...:
1...
!
~.20%
6.60%
7. 80%
8. 100%
f
Understanding percents, as decimals I 15
.08
2.2%
ea
3. 5.0%
==
.50 01' .5
4. 75%
"'" .75
1.
8%
.02
5.
10 %
.1001'.1
6.
99%
...
.99
1. 1.0.0%
==
1.00 or 1
1%
-,
.01
8.
Decimal
Percent
'":
Fl\iction
0;(.
1.
"25%
==
,<25
2.
5.0,0/0
"'"
3. 75%
25 ~ 1
"'"
100
.5091' ./5
==
.-.,
..,..
75
*=
. 12....~ .
4. 10%
==
.1.0 or .1
"'"
~.2.0%
"'"
.2.0 01' .2
==
6~60%,
""
.60 or .6
"'"
.7.8.0%
==
.80 at .8
80
100
4
== .,.5
8. 1.00%
"'"
1.00
-==
, 100
100
...
16 / Understanding
percents as deoimals
or
150.
100
100
10.---:~
100
-_
.,20
100
10
m:
!
I)
3
,~.~,
1)
To change a percent toadecima.1, you moved the decimal point two places to the left.
(You we~edivi.dipg by lQ().)
,Toqhange.adeo.in1al. totll'ercenttdothe~everse.
.
Justmove tl~edeaimalpQblttwoplacesJ9
the right,
(Yout11'6,multiplylng by lOQwhen you do this.
v
Step 2.
Dedinal to percent
to a percent.
."
..,::: 3%
1
I
i
I
\
,'
"1.
,~
."
"
;33>to
Step 1.
percents
... ,
a p~rri"nt.
,.;"; ..
,,;:
:..
:. '~.I'
Step 2.
So,
.,
Example 2.
ChanQe
to a percent.
Step I.
.:-.
"
=30.
'
..
30
Exerci'se4
Change these decimals to percents.
1.. 05
2.. 5
3
50
4 56
5.. 01
6 ..
7.. 10
8.
=&~
1.. 05
~..5
.56,
.=
56%
.01-
1%
4. .56
""
5. .01
""
.1 =
6..1
50%
50%
.50.
6,
""
5%
""
3. .50
..v~
50.
i=-
=.
I" ....'"
I.A#'
Vy'
,
.liW!
"
1m!
.10%
100%
...."
Whe.,theiplnt.rt~the.lIV~olear.kno"Vn
You know that 10Q!YCl,:&t.ands}0.~
one
The "whole thing" can be anything.
W[1qle' thing.
"
'.,
'.
.'
:;".
. . . \,
. .
N6W-Sl.lPP9s~theT6b people
Decimal method
Here's how to do it with a decimal.
What percent is 80 out of IBO?
'.
'''',',-,'... ''. ",,,'Step,,l~-~~Wr:i.t6,th~,.
-,,,()':I'<ert111k,1;$fl:tJle-,----:--,,'.,,~,-"~''''''''',,''''''-"
,
"ge~"is
, 80 (part)
160 (whole)
Step 2.
1:
.50
==
50%
.'"
'"., ---,,,,,.",,,,,,,,------.',.,.,.,,,,,,
',,,,,.,-,,,,,-.,.-,,,.,,,,,"-,-,,--,,---"'''''''--~-.,,----
Fraction method
Here'shovvto figure out the same problem using a fraction.
What peroent of 160 is 80?
Step 1.
'
SQ, (pltr~)
'160 (whole)
Step 2.
==
.~
100
Step 3.
,.
Divide theanswer
100==
8000)
50
160) 8000
Step 4.
23
Practice fin~ing
the percent
when the
p~rf,and 'the:whole'
E~ample1.
Ane,1(:a'o"h~d2.P' q~esdol1s.'
are known
Decimal method
Step I.Wdt~
th~:p~rt Q'Ve~.
the whole.,
.
,
(alu~:The whple is always the number after the word of,)
18 (part)
20 (whole)
.90
20j 18.00
Step 3.
it percent.' :
=90%
is :90 % '.' : ,
:1
Fraction method
Step 1.
On one side of the equal sign, vyrite the part over the whole.
On the other side, wrH:ethe:per6~rit asa fraction.
You know all percents havea denominator of.100.
The numerator of the percent is unknown.
.r.
18 (part) .
20 (whole)
Step 2.
100
I.'"
(18
Step,3.
Divide.the answer
00
20) H~OO.
..:
.~
I
II~..
Step 4.
(1800)
..
Put
90%
I \
I
I:,
'
Example 2.
Step 1.
Step 2.
.10
30) 3.00
Step 3.
==
10%
Step 1.
011 one side of the equal sign, wti,ty the.part over the whole.
On the other side, write the percent as a fraction.
Youknow all percents have adenomlhator of 100.
The numerator of the percent is unknown,
:
.3
.{J
Step 2.
.,
==..L.
"
l .. :
Step 4.
nOn)
'10
(0)300
100
~. (3.x
Step 3.
;.,..'
ExerciseS
Find theunkl1ownp~~ceht.
Somepeople like t~e fiaotion'metllQd.
Other people like the deolm.almethod.
Use themetho.ctyoulfkfl.
,.
1. 'Whafp~roent
is 6 out of 1O?
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
I
Finding the percent I 27
Here
Fraction method
1,
W~at percent
~
,~. 1~0.
is 6 out of lOP
(6
100
600)
1~
.60
= 10Ja,OO'
. ,.... eQ~
1O)6QQ .
of 10 Is 60%.
2"
JQ.
150
==
_r
100
(30
100
20.%
~50') :3000 .
(6
l-
aQQ
50,6 i$',2%0300.
lOQ
.l:mi
3000)
~O%
;'
,',_.
,:-:
.. :
"
_.:
J',
,:~'.,,:
,_,".
.~
-,
,'r'
:D~binial
methdd ':':
.
.
., ',,:,lf~,ac~iDU,m~~b~cl.;,:
-:
4.
.....
.,
'
:=
(17
_p
100
100
5%
340} 170~
Sp, $17 outo ,$.q40tsf;)'o//.
'~
~,,'
V'
->~
5.
"~'
What.petcent
450
500
:=
".
of $50'01s $450?
(450)<
?
100
100
==
45,OOq)
".9.0%
5(0)45)000' ...
So, $450'1899
6.
%0 $506.
;::::: L
100
(1 ,X
'2(l%'
',)Qo..
!
'
=
"
~ ;:
6. Flndln,g
when
Here is
e part
a rule
~
whole
percent
100
In this(!~$~,tb~wlml.e is,nOn.
, Those are the only two facts you know-the
You 'need to find the missingpart.
'Suppqse
NOUN
Exercise 1
!J!t. o~n
.,
company.
'2
0
0 0
1. 0 0
5
3 '4
2
0 0 00
5
4
center.
0 0
2., 0 0 0
5
3"
iI
2
-.:-}-
.:-r
chores at home.
3. 01 02 03 04 05
......
er predictshiSh~r
,Oil
4. Today' 81)
:II" --
4. 0l' 02 03. 04 05
-4-
0
0 0
5. 00
<I
5
3
2
1
wonderful.
:)
6.
Evelyn iS$ta1ing.~no:h~~lle.wdiitlb~tVje
6. 01 0'2 (( 04' 05
'know she
7.
99
0
0 0
4
5
3
topl'acticeself-defense'.
Ii'
there would
8. 01 02 03 04 05
EXTRA.PRACTICE
Make a list of ten nouns. Include in your list persons, places, things, and
ideas.
Answers begin
on page :29.
II'
Exercise 2
A plural noun names more than one person, place, thing; or idea:
Many families buy homes to save money on taxes,
There are rules for forming the plurals of nouns. Here are the three most
basic rules:
1) The plural of most nouns Is formed by adding s:
car, cars,' sale, sales; <lesk, desks
2)1'he plural of nouns .e.ntling with s; sll, cll, x, or z is formed by adding es:
brush, brushes; box; boxes. '.
'
.
3) The plural of nouns that end with yafter a consonant is formed by
changing y to i and adding es:
>
~~~-t:==~~
Example:
1~eagles
2~delays
3. watches
4:. buggies
5. riches
6, tur~~ys
7~blazes'
8. secretarys
m~11ClewitTlU~lrwntij"tfj~rcQ'fieer$fi~llrnifoirtij"ij'nne;"nilf
~~--------~
ducks
thrushes
pennys
bracelets
candles
hopes
studies
dashes
directories
wishes
catches
parrots
keys,
necklaces
bluejays.
kisses
pupPys
blotches
mysteries
~.
finches
stories
crownes
blueberrys
wltchs
cavities
blanketes
volleys
A mother and child are taking a bus trip. They have packed two each of the
item~ below. Write a paragraph describing the bus trip. In your paragraph,
use the correct plural form of these items:
sweater
dress
lunch
toothbrush
toy
battery
Answer~ bellin on page 29.
Exercise 3
Here are more rules for Iorrnlng the plurals of n911ns.
4) The plural of nouns ending with .f or fe is sometimes formed by adding s;
sometimes it is formed by changing the for fe to v and adding es:
fathers-in-law;
,.
looker-on,
..
- -
tothe main
,
-
. . . .
lookers-on
spoonfuls
Example:
J
_J
,t
'J
solos
videos
heroes
1. tomatos
2. sisters"in-Iaw
potatoes
tattqos
toes
half-brothers
attorneys-at-laws
masters-of-ceremonies
.S. mouthfuls
bagsful
handfuls
4. cousins-to-be
mothers-in-law
great-aunts
brother-In-laws
5. echoes
shelves
auto~
wives
6. lives
bookshelves
knifes
beliefs
7. altos
stereos
pD.qtpes
radios
8. leafs
proofs
halves
calves
9. banjos
burros
cellos
sopranos
10. mosquitoes
hoboes
videos
potatos
11. briefs
puffs
tariffs
safes
12. cupsful
armfuls
bowlfuls
boxfuls
13. memos'
cameos
studioes
duos
14. lookers-on
runners-up
brides-to-be
senator-elects
"drawerfuls
binoculars; scissors
10) The plural of some nouns
01"
child is formed by ,
superwoman, superwomen
12) The plural ,of some nouns ending in is is formed by changing is to es:
~~" ~ "
"I3rfheplurarorsomenounsendrnginumor~onNisfu;;n;dWbY'th;~gi;;gth;N~
.
.
Example:
teeth
scissors
parentheses
1. mice
trout
fi~h
sheep
2. children
repairmen
crlsles
hypotheses
trousers
shorts
jeans
4. pollcemans
bases
feet
washerwomen
5. cattle
pants
data
tooths
6. clothes
slacks
overalls
briefs
7. servicewomans
lice
eyeglasses
moose
8. swordfish
deers
cows
horses
9. godchllds
godparents
chairwomen
chairmen
criterias
memoranda
media
'S.sunglass
10. analyses
"0','#0'"
htUItiJ~
Example: handful
1. city
"
.v ..
1. __.....,......_....,......
.............
2. church
3. chairwoman
4. crisis
2. -'""'--''"'''--'--
S; monkey
S.. ------
6.brother-in~law
7. baby
6...__.~ ..............
-""""""
7. _...:.........,.......;_j"""__
S. tooth
S. _._-~---
9. belief
10. 5910
iI. check
12. potato
13~wife
~4. story
IS.Ught
16.' replay
It
IS.
19.
20.
21.
22.
spoonful
fish '
bookshelf
grandchild
vacancy
crash
23. annex
24. quiz
25. criterion
3.' -. ...-e4
......,........--
------
9.. -------
10.
----
"n. _-_
.....................
12,' ._~-----""
13......
14._._............
-15.
------16. __
...........
---
17. __ -------
18._...........,._-19.
20.
2V __
'22.
__
...._-
...........
23._.,.._.....,..~---
24.
25.
--_.......--
II Exercise
'SEI
of
"
.'!wl:l. types
5,
add's:
must be
a lot of noise,.'
11
,."~
10
II Exercise 8
COUNTABLE
D UNCOUNTABLE
NOUNS
machines.
As these examples show, countable nouns have singular and plural forms,
Uncountable nouns cannot be counted and do not have plural forms. For
example, thereIs no such thing as two.knQwi~dge$or tenequlpments.
1) Some words can be used only with plural countable nouns:
this, that
correct
!3 !taue; U;o
to do,
me than
usual.
11
NREV
DIRECTIONS: In each of the following sentences, four words. or groups
of words have been underlined. If one of these words is
an error, blacken the space in the answer grid over the
number corresponding to it. If there is no error in the
sentence, blacken the space over number (5).
theriglztklnd
4
1. Thedo()rbeUl'i
Rali"i0ndt$
of bait.
..
1.
is an
o111oo o4' oI
annoying
2. Too many~urnltu.remakesthe
.2.'
1"
close in.
""
2. 00
000
1 .2
3 45
3. 0i
3. JohnMcEnroe'stennis
"I .,
4.
-r.
3'
'
a23 600
45
concentration',
the, supplys
4. 0 0 0'0 0
1
3,
art project.
5. 01 0
000
2 3 45
this .state,
--4-
6. 61 0
03 00
'2
45
1.
23'
."
,2,
replacing themselves,but
.'3
7. 01 0
000
2
3
4
8. 0
02 000
'1
3
4
8. White bloodcells
functioi11sfighting
-p-'
2"
'
dise~se
and
helping
. ~ .. '
9.
10.
9.00000
1 2 345
'5
,.
--2-
3'
-;r--
10.
01 0
000
2
3
4
targets .
.. -.
.~
Exercis~ 10
VERBS
o
I.
2.
3.
4.
5.
~.
7.
8.
9.
10.
,'''
om -. 'OlatJ.dlotheIJnited 8tat<J$,
->,'_
'.'
11. The driver behind us saw us, but he still hit the back end of
oUf.car .
12. Every time the door slams, Mattie JUIJiPs.
13. The cookies that you baked were delicious!
14. We spread theblanket for our picnic.
15. [write to my mother-In-law once a month.
1'6. I am the youngest child of six.
17. David thinks highly of you.
18. After you finish, take a break.
Answers begin. on page 29.
13
Exercise
11"
"
Note: Three common exceptions to this rule are said, paid, laicf.
----~.....
DIRECTIONS:
.....
,,'
,"
"'' '
circle it. Then write the correct past form on the line. If
all past forms areccrrect, wrl~e "OK" on t~e line. ,
<
Example:
<
(Jf[i!j!jj)
1. fanned
2~ surveyed
S. dropped
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
, omitted
rainned
stayed
stopped
emploled
prayed
loosened
cleaned
visited
rallied
dryed
fastened
scrubed
limited
, .
edited
planned
carryed
dripped
emptied
sprayed
tightened
shined
commited
EXTRA PRACTICE:
Write five sentences about your life five years ago. Use the correct past forms
of these verbs in your sentences: enjoy, listen, hope, plan, worry. (Do not
write negative sentences.)
Examples:
to be a rock star.
Answers begin on page 30.
II
Exercise 12.
.
'...
PA$TTEN~EJ:~IJEGULAIt
As you have seen, the past tense of most verbs is formed in a regular
manner, by adding ed:
..
look, looked,' pick, ptcked; rain, rained; jump, jumped
Some verbs, called irregular verbs, form the past tense differently:
feel
know
go
Answers begin
see
think
on page 30,
VERBS
15
Exercise 13
M_W
~m-~~
TENSES'
~ALL
__ ----l.--'
'_r~_~'~'--~'\.PI'$-~-----------~~~-------~
Besides the slmple present, past, and future, there are other, more
complicated, tenses a verb can take.
, In addltipn,one verb fQrm-tne infinitive-does not reflect different verb
tenses. As its name implies, the infinitive is "timeless":
.I
Before. each sentence below. the base form of the verb ,is
wdtten ill Ptl.t~~t~eE,l~)'.
De~ldeol'ltlle,correct. f~rm of the
61fJJgM..
16
________
_
PRAtTleR
Write ten sentences as directed. Use correct verb forms.
17
VERBR.E
14
EW
0.000
=r:
,"2"
' ' .
12
'
<
I. 00 000
'z""
have
2. 01 0
000
. 2.,3
4
5.
IwilideUver
4
it
myself.
3. 01 0
000
2
345
'
.,~,
',,3
4. 01.. 0
000
2
3
4
5
5. We hadron
l'
5.00000
1
2
3
crept
oft the bay and .....
begun
to come inland.
3
4"'"
<
.1
,}
..
" <I.
,-, -,~o
"
6. 0 0 000
12
d them to
-2-
private school. .
7. Winterbas~ome
f .
ShOW
--1
..
hasfal!en
early',too.
7. 0 0 000
1
23
18
-r;'
0 0 0 0 0
12345
8.
a white
0 0 0 0 0
12345
',4
. 2
..
10. 0 0 0 0 0
4
123
---~""4"
11. The City Council voted to end the reduced bus fares on
.
-1-
-~
. 11. 0 0 0 0 0
1
34
Sundays. Since then, we have had to paid full fare for our
3
shopping trips.
12. David felt proud. "I d0 ne my best!" he said,
2,
and
took his
4
12. 000
12
0 0
4
---r
-3-
. .
.2
14. 000
1
2
0
0[)
4
types of exercise.
is.:
0 0 0 0 0
12
,
Answers beg/non page 30.
16. 000
1
23
0 0
4
ing
.air'I a
. When you take the GED Test, you will read science passages
and graphics for understanding. This means that as you read, you
must
for main ideas and details that ~tlppoh 'the main ideas.
Bow can you. find the main Ideas of a passage? .First look oyer the
passage quickly, counting the paragraphs. If there are three
paragraphs, you should find three mainideas. Together, the main
ideas ofthe paragraphs form the main idea. of the passage.
look
main.
idea
the central
paragraph
topic ofa
or passage
_-
---,-
.- .....
.::_.
-_- ..
dearly in
onesentence.In that case} yOU~11usuead.and thinK.abQutt:he whole
paragraph to understandthe main idea. Lookfor supporting details
'that will help you. These may be facts,examples, explanations,or
propfs that illustrate or tell more about the main idea.
Read the paragraph
clonlng.istheproces$ofarUfiCilally
prodUlng an e~C\ctgenetlccopy of'
anexigtlng Indlvldu\liIQt'ganism. Inrecentyears. scientists have done
many clonlngexperlmants wlthmamrnal$.Such experiments$tart with
the egg cell of onaanimal-Sclsntlsts remove the nucleus, which Is the
control center,. of the egg cell and replace it with the. nucleus of aceu trom
a second, fully mature.adult animaL Thf:)nj~l1eyirnplantt~ealtered egg
cell into the uterus ot a third animal. The ant mal that 1$bornis\ copy of
the adult whose cell nucleus was placed in the egg cell.
Write M next to the sentence that best expresses the main idea of
the paragraph.
__ a. Cloning is the process of artificially producing an exact copy
of an existmg individual organism;
.
.
__ b. Cloning experiments start with the egg cell of one animal.
You were correct if you chose option a. The main idea is stated in
the first sentence of this paragraph. Option b is a detail that supports
the main idea.
. '
1. -YVriteM next to the sentence that tells the main idea of the first paragraph.
a;'~the cells of epithelial tissue are dose together.
,_
_"_,_ b.Epithelial
3. Write Mnrxt to the,sentence that tells the main idea of the second paragraph.
of connective tissue are not close together.
_:-
a.Thecells
--:-
-b, Connective tissue supports and holds together parts of the body.
-,
4. Write one detail that supports the main idea of the second paragraph.
S. Put a check mark next to the part of the body in which you would expect to find
shown in the diagram.
__
a. the skin
---'-
b.the
6.:puta,checl<
bones.
marknexttQ
tlS5~ecorttrol wheth~:tasupstanee
functmons ~~~
ofmarlrcells,. Allcellsl.wheth~theyform
a sillgl<; ..eelled. Ol'g~Pi~rn
O!'fl.ltilllttcel1tlla! m;ganism!carryout lifeptbc<3sseS,PQI examplel ,all
cells,ti1<einf90$l.TheY<l1l bl'cakdown,food to .getel1ergy, and tlley
, a1rglve pff ~a~tproducts. MostGellsgrQW andxepro<Luce. Atl cells
ey~ntulll!ydie ..
Aibo~bm~~makeprotelt1s) the
I?ndoptasmic retloulumlransports them,
and the Goigi apparatus,~ends them
where they are heeded.
(2) Hibosomes make proteins, the Goigi
apparatus tr.ansports them, and the
mitochondria send trismwhete they are
(1)
needed.
Practice e Lesson 1
'-
"
APPLYING
CELL BIOLOGY TO
_-,
to meet
human needs,
(2) Qellblologists90notthlnl<
that theY can
grow living body parts from celis,
(3.) Blood ve$selsare noHhefjrstbody parts
-cell biologists havebeElOGlblel0 grow.
(4) Cell biologi~t~ have~ucoeeded fngrowing
blood vesels from living cells.
(5) ,The flrststeplngrowing
blood vessels
',is tOCo(atplast.loscaffolding with
'rilus6le cells.
HUMAN NEEDS
-.
Muscle cells
to
!it Lesson 1
@
The
<1.11-1"' .... ,
(3) The Process of Mltosls
(4) What the Spindle Does
(5) Why Cell Division Is' Important
""O'~
N41-1L:
U :~J';'~ f
. (2 r~f/G!~
f~).e_,jn..f~Y-/MCO--!;'Ofl
-(; II
I ()
\'
11
PACKET TWO
Use the passage and the diagram to answer the questions below.
Deep within Earth, rock Is a hot liquid called magma. In some places, magma works
its way toward the surface by melting solid rock or by moving through cracks in Earth's
crust. When magma reaches the surface, it Is called lava, The place where lava emerges
from Earth Is called a volcano,
Volcanoes can be classified aocording to the kind of
eruptions that forms them. One type of volcano is called a
cinder cone volcano. Cinder cone volcanoes are formed
from explosive eruptions. Explosive eruptions are caused
when lava in vents, or openings, hardens Into rock. Steam
and magma build up under the rocks, causing pressure.
Eventually the pressure becomes great enough to cause
a violent explosion. The volcano is formed out of cinders,
ash, and other rock particles that are blown into the air. A
Cinder Cone
cinder cone volcano has a narrow base and steep sides.
Ash
Rook (cinders)
Magma
~._
b. Steam and magma create great pressure, eventually causing a forceful eruption.
2. Put a check mark next to the phrase from the second paragraph that helped you answer
question 1.
.
__
a. "The volcano is formed out of cinders, ash, and other rock particles ... "
__
3. Write C next to the cause of the layering found in a cinder cone volcano.
__
__
4. Write R next to each result of a cinder cone volcano eruption. Mark all that apply.
~_
_'_
__
__
__
Before a Fault
Normal Fault
Reverse Fault
Lateral Fault
The seismic waves that travel the next fastest are secondary waves.
Secondary waves can travel through solids but not through liquids or
gases. Rock pieces disturbed by secondary waves move from side to
side at right angles to the direction the wave is traveling.
The slowest seismic waves are surface waves. Surface waves travel
from the focus directly up to the epicenter. Surface waves cause the
ground to bend and twist, sometimes causing whole buildings to
collapse.
The more energy an earthquake releases, the stronger and more
destructive it is. The strength ofan earthquake is measured on a
special scale, the Richter scale. The Richter scale measures how
much energy an earthquake releases by assigning the earthquake a
number from one to ten. Any magnitude of 7 or above on the Richter
scale indicates a very strong earthquake. When a strong earthquake
hits a populated area, there can be considerable property damage and
numerous deaths.
Thousands of earthquakes occur each year, most of them minor.
According to the U.S. Geological Survey, an average of 19 earthquakes
per year worldwide measure 7 or above on the Richter scale.
Directions: This is a ten-minute practice test. After ten minutes, mark the last question you
finished. Then complete the test and check your answers. If most of your answers were correct,
but you didn't finish, try to work faster next time, Choose the one best answer to each question.
2. Sentence 3: These direct payments are
for basic needs such as medicineJ
transportation, buyin.g heat, anqJood.
0), and
medicine, transportation,
food
buying heat,
buying food
(4) medical needs, getting rides, buying heat,
and food
(5) medical needs, transportation needs,
heating needs, and for food
3. Which revision should be made to the text?
Senior Council,
a fee.
-c,
Eilaerry,------
maintenance.
the wood.
varnished floors.
on
clean,
(C)
--'----II~lr:t~~
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
furniture.
furniture,
furniture,
furniture.
furniture,
Polish
polish
so polish
In fact, polish
likewise polish
r- ..
GED SKILLh:Alentifyh1g
theain
helea
:i'1"l~d~ldea
the central topic ofa
paraqraph or passag,e
. 'When you take the GED Test, you ~lil ]:ead sctencepassages
ancl'graphtcs Ior understandmg, This means that as you read, you
must look for .nllllJallll.l'itrlc@s and detailsthat support the main ideas,
How can youflnd the 1':(1ai1:1
Ideas of a passage'? l'l11'stlook over the
1?ass~\geqttickly, eountlng'tne paragraphs. If there are three
pa:cagraphs, youshould find three main ideas. Togethel:, the main
ideasofthe paragraphs form the main idea. Qf the passage,
".' ,':,:~.~~hpa:r~tgra:ph
is a group
sjng'le. topic-the
main'Idea. The.l1iaii1 Idea of a pmagrGlp.11. is usuaUy stated in the topic
sentence, Often the topic sentence is thefirst or last sentence of
thep~ragrapht but sometimes it is in the middle of the paragraph.
Whereyer it is, the sentence with the, main idea has a meaning
. genera! enough to cover all the points
the paragraph.
'(1
in
Write 114 next to the sentence that best expresses the main idea of
the paragraph.
__
a, Cloning is the process of artificially producing an exact copy
of an ~xistfng individual organism:
~_ b. Clonirl,g experiments start with the egg cell of one animal.
You were correct if you chose option a. The 1p.ain idea is stated in
the first sentence of this paragraph. Option b is a detail that supports
the main idea.
~')
1. 'Write M n~xtto the sentence that tells the math idea of the first paragraph;
;
:.
,~
".
".'
. '.'.
"'"
:.
.a.:~'\fhecells
of epithelial
tissue are close together
.
. ..
.
.
'
.'
",_",_'
_. b. Epithelial tissue forms protective surfaces for the body,
the main Idea of the first paragraph.
4. Write one detail that supports the mamtdee of-the second paragraph,
!
'
"".,
"
S. Put a check mark next to the part of the body hi which you would expect tofindtbf;i, cells
shQwnirithe.diagraro.
....
" .'
"
"
,i,.'.hi~~t.~~iJi:ll~fve
the structures
"',
Sh()~l tn the',d~ag):alh.Therincieus
,:j~8f.~~'2~:.f,ll~,ttlb:~t
complex ce,U$~1'tit~)r9s.
'Ihe llUCr~\1~is, the control
, ,'.~,"c~lt~'t:;qt~~t~,;.c:e-lI,
The )l,~~lfd~~l)l'
Jln~ie~~1tWx1i'm,lt(e
PNtects.the,rl\tcleu~,
" .' ,,'artCl:c~>Pi(1,9Js)l,rJl!lt goesinto' nlld out Ql tt. The nucleus contMns
.' ; ~~~~\~~~~~~~~~Jl~'~lle
c~I's,,genQtlc matenal, Wh(:)l1the cen, cUvJ<:tes, the
',' 'cli!tiritatinfdl:tltscllli'()Ji~1t6sP)llIl\e&t which pas~ on the h\;!l'cd,itary
, lnforrnation foe the cell. The nucleus also c(:)nta.iJ~snuclepli/which
produce protein-making structures called ribosomes.
1
to
to :e~o,h:q!J0:stlol1.: .
;g.':l!?s~:Qliuil!~?~I~Il.
refer to tne'lhfor.matlon
and(ll&lgram on pa\ge 36.
"
1;:'Whafl~<th~mali"lqeaof
.
. ~.
":, ;.
".
' .
theflrst paragraph?
"
.~'.::'; I .'.
4. ,;What Is the
"
. wlthlamlb,;Os,oope,'
off wastes:
')
(1)
"
, ..
'OoI11p'!eX,:Eitructqres.
. ~.
3.
whicH'
(2)
a rnrcleus;
.
'
'
paragraph?
j'
'
'.
detail 'bes~suppbrts
of cells.
(3) The life processes of cells include taking
In food for energy, growing, and
reproduolng.
' , ,
(4) Cells are microscopiC units with many
types of structures having different
functions.
(6) The cytoplasm oontalns organelles
needed to oarry out the oell's functions.
Answers start on page 266,
NAH:
U .,-'llt:> f '/f!,e., )l)'lc~V'''fI'yJ ($,..:h"otf (:<.ficl ell Ct3' rc: rY>S'-/;~('::>Y),l --;-Ae_
,Q,-jr"c,!f.; -Prl! II) -JAe:" C?1?;'p)'>o:i cJ nc1 jJ!(;;l1f C!2~/!'5',~",pr:';"I"I'~tl
J
J,
.)
\
..
.~
GIED Mhrli",'fest
Lessons 5-7
Dfrectfons: This is a thirty-minute practice test. After thirty minutes, mark the last item you
finished. Then complete the test and check your answers. If most of your answers are correct, but
you didn't finish, try to work faster next time.
Part 1
Direotlons: Choose the one best anSWer to each question. You MAY use your calculator.
1. Of the 24,000 cellular phones Inspected in the
last production run, 50 were defective. What
fraction of the cellular phones Inspeoted was
defective?
1
(1) iGlOO
(2)
(3)
960
1
480
(2)
(4) 9 6
(3)
(5) 4~
(4)
t mile
% mile
% mile
it miles
(5) 2t miles
2: Keisha can drive her car 354 miles on
15 galions of gasoline. At the same rate,
how many miles can she drive her car on
20 galions of gasoline?
(1) 472
(2) 359
(3) 265t
(5) Not enough Information is given.
(1) 8t
(2)
8t
(3)
8t
(4) 9t
5
(5) 16
(1") 74
(2) 74
60
x
(4) 74 x
67
(3) 74
(4) 236
it?
(5)
:0
~6x 7
6t
(1) 813
(2) 812
(3) 811
(4) 810
~:
Solve the following problems and enter your answers on the grids provided,
it:1~G.~~%tHtrH'Te-left@tl~e:qmrt~lttstmm;~miHleS,lfa
each piece?
% inch,
what is the
....--.-
6t
4t
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Leland spent
61..61~33X4-
6 '1
4~+4144X3-'
'i '
1
12. 1
10 + 1-'12
11 'J
sl
Example 2 A pipe is
feet long. If a piece measuring 3 feet is cut:
the pipe/ what is the length of the remaining piece? Is the
remaining piece long enough to cut a piece that measures
1 feet long?
Step 2
Step 1
Write the fractions with common
denominators. The lowest
, 1
1
8
1
5-8 -- 5-8 -- 4-8, + --8common denominator is 8.
1
'
6 .
3
6
Step 2 Because 8 is less than 8' you
-3"4 ""-38
need to regroup. Regroup 1
from the whole number 5,
rewriting 5 as
then add
the fractional parts ~. and .~.
Step 3 ' Subtract. The fraction is already reduced to lowest terms.
Step 1
4l
Ii
t.
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'
Behavioral S@imenes
LESSON
Recognizing Assumptions
When you assume something Iyou take for granted that the information
is true. Of you may assume that people are aware of information that you
are not explicitly stating. For example, you may assume that your friend will
invite you to go to a concert with her, Meanwhile, your friend may be
unaware that you would like to go and therefore does not invite you.
Questions on the GED test ask you to analyze whether an assumption is
true or based on reliable information. At other times, you may need to use
information in a passage or graphic to make a reasonable assumption.
Try these sample GED items. Circle the bestanswer to each one. Then check your answers.
As people grow, they learn to adapt to social
norms and to take on the roles that society
expects of them. The soclallzatlon process
goes through three distinct phases as a person
.develops. The first stage, primary socialization,
takes places from birth until late childhood and
early adolescence. During this stage, the child
learns what society expects of him or her. If the
family and other close community members do
not provide positive experiences during this
phase, the child will have difficulty meeting
society's expectations.
Secondary socialization is the next stage.
This takes place when the young person goes
to school and is influenced by other adults
outside of the family and by his or her peers.
During this stage, the Individual forms a strong
sense of self. The last stage, adult soclallzaton,
Is when the person learns to adapt to the roles
expected of an adult-spouse, worker, parent,
and community member.
1. One key assumption of the passage is that
(1) family influenoe is key to a ohlld learning
to act as a "normal" member of society
(2) there Is nothing that a family oan do to
influence a child's socialization
(3) an individual's personality Is based
exclusively on biological factors
(4) the kind of person one becomes does
not depend on home environment
(5) peer group members are not a significant
part of the socialization process
--- ~'.. -
...,_""""""
Social Studies GED Skill Book Economics, Geography and Behavioral Sciences
.",_,,,,-,",,,,,,---
............
'-_._ .....
_-
.......
45
Influences on 1"1umanBehavior
1!l!'sg_!loJ!:Olrcle the .be8tl!!J~ to each item,
Items 1 to ~ refer to the following Information.
The pSYOllOlofJJstErik Erikson developed a
theory about stages of personality development.
This theory fooused on the conflicts faced by
the developing person. Actor-ding to Eril,sorl,
a person who successfully resolves these
connlcts Is mature enough for the next stage
of development. Such an individual will learn
to be trusting and caring toward others.
Confllot ...... Resolution
Basic trust vs. Mistrust
-III>-
(2) competence
(3) love
(1) infancy
(2) early childhood
46
Lesson 15
. ,.,.
Ticket Type:
Web Ticket
OW Peak:
$7.60
10 Trip Peak:
$75.00
OW Off-Peak:
$5.70
10 Trip Off-Peak:
$48.45
Monthly:
$171.50
Weekly:
$53.20
Station
. $8.00
On Board Train
$11.00
':N/A
$80.00
$6;00
$51.00
$.175.00
$9.00
N/A
N/A
N/A
$56!OO
Find the time in minutes for each of the following train trips from White Plains
to New York:
a. the local train that leaves White Plains at 6:19 A.M.
b. the express train that leaves White Plains at 8:40 A.M.
P,M.
. 7. What is the cost per ride of a lO-trip peak ticket that is bought on the Web?
8. What is the cost per ride of a lO-trip peak ticket that is bought at the station?
9. Find the cost per ride of a lO-trip off-peak ticket that is purchased on the Web,
:W. Find the cost per ride of a lO-trip off-peak ticket that is purchased at the station.
U. In one month with no holidays, Rosa calculated that she will make 22 round-trip
rides between White Plains and New York or a total of 44 rides. To the nearest
cent, what will be the cosrperrtde if she buys arnonthly'pasa forthe trips
Lesson 6: Travel
The table below and the table on the next page show the weekday timetable and
fares for trains from White Plains to New York City. E is 01' express trains, and L is
for local trains. X means that the train does not stop at 125th Street, and OWmeans
one-way. Peak refers to trains that leave White Plains from 5:03 A.M. unti19:03 A.M.
Use the tables to ~lls'Yerproblems. 6 to. u,
7.
~:
'
i'I
12:06
5:03
5:31
5:35
5:59
6:04
6:19
6:30
6:35
L
L
E
L
E
L
L
E
E
6:L~0 E
6:43
6:51 E
7:00 E
X 7:18
7:22
7:37
7:40
X 8:01
8:05
8:13
E
E
E
E
E
E
8:28 E
8:31 E
X 8:40 E
12:55
5:48
6:02
6:20
6:30
6:49
7:03
7:05
7:09
7:13
7:26
7:29
7:33
7:52
7:56
8:14
8:18
8:38
8:42
8:51
9:05
9:07
9:19
PM
X 9:00 E
9:03 E
9:26 E
9:29 L
9:54 E
9:58 E
10:08
10:30
10:58
11:08
11:30
11:58
E
L
E
12:08 l
12;58 IE
1:08 l
1:30
1:58 rE
2;08 l
2:30 l
2:58 E
3:08 l
3:33 l
3;58 E
9:33
9:l~2
'10:03
J,0:18
10:33
10:36
:1:1:01
1l:1lj
:l1: 31J
'11:59
12;.14
12:34
1:01
1:35
1:59
2~14
2:34
3,~01
3:22
3:34
3:59
4:23
4:34
.:':
Financial Literacy
4:06 L
4:25 E
4:31 L
4:58 E
5:03 L
5:32 E
5:38 L
5:58 E
6:081..
6:36
tl:51 E
7:06 l
7:58E
8:58 E
9:06 l
9:58 E
10:06 l
10:58 E
11~06 l
12:06 L
.. H:"' ..,
.... ,...:
...
;;;<
...... :......
PM
4:59
5:04
5:21
5:35
5~56
6:10
6:29
6:36
7:00
7:21
7:27
7:55
8:32
9:32
9:55
10:32
10:51
11:32
11.:55
12:55
....~:
,......
....... :... '"
--: .......
AM