April 2016

Q1 (i)
(a)

A population contains all the items whereas a sample contains only a portion of
the items in the population.

(ii)

Descriptive Statistics focuses on collecting, summarizing, presenting and

analyzing a set of data but inferential statistics whereas the inferential statistics
uses data that have been collected from a small group to draw conclusions about a
larger group.

(iii)

The Central Limit Theorem states that as the sample size (i.e., the number of
values in each sample) gets large enough, the sampling distribution of the mean is
approximately normally distributed. This is true regardless of the shape of the
distribution of the individual
values in the population.
The uniform distribution is a probability distribution that has equal probabilities
for all possible outcomes of the random variable

(iv)

(b) (i)

=32mm, =5mm
P(X>34) = P(Z > (34-32)/5)
= P(Z > 0.4)
= 0.3446

(ii)

P(X>A) = 0.60
P(Z>-0.25) = 0.60
-0.25 = (A - 32)/5
A = -0.25(5)+32
= 30.75mm

(iii)

n=10
3332
P ( X <33.00 )=P ( z<
)
5
10
= P(z < 0.6325)
= 1 0.2643
= 0.7357

(iv)

n = (1.96)(5)/1
= 96.04
97 petals

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2
(c) (i)

x =

s=

(ii)

431
=4.31
100

4312
100
720.39
=
=2.698
1001
99

2578

95% confidence interval for estimate for the population mean

2.698
) or t 0.025,99=1.98
= 4.31 Z 0.025 (
100
= 4.31 1.96 (0.2698)
= (3.781, 4.839 )
We are 95% confidence that the population mean number of GCSEs per person is
between 3.781 and 4.839.

(iii
)

H 0 : 6.0
H 1 : 6.0
=0.05, /2=0.025
Critical value Z = 1.96 or t 0.025,99=1.98
4.316.0
2.698
Test statistic, Z =
100
= -6.264

Reject the null hypothesis because -6.264 < -1.96.

There is enough evidence to conclude that the true mean number of GCSEs per
person is not 6.

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Section B
Q1 (i)
(a)

Expected value
Type of Job

Favor

Neutral

Oppose

Hourly worker

104.06

44.44

76.5

Supervisor

27.75

11.85

20.4

Middle
management

34.69

14.81

25.5

Upper
management

18.5

7.9

13.6

H0: There is no relationship between attitude toward self-managed

work teams and type of job
H1: There is a relationship between attitude toward self-managed
work teams and type of job
Rejection region: 2 > 20.05,6 = 12.592

(Oi ei ) 2 (108 104.06) 2 (46 44.44) 2

(9 13.6) 2

...
ei
104.06
44.44
13.6

Test statistic:
= 11.895
Conclusion: Do not reject the null hypothesis because 11.895 < 12.592. There is
no sufficient evidence to show that there is a relationship between attitude toward
self-managed work teams and type of job.
H 0 : M 1=M 2=M 3
H 1 : Not all the population median are equal
= 0.05, d.f. = 3-1 = 2
Critical value, 20.05, 2 = 5.991
(b)

No exercise

Total

2
3
16
14
19
7
5.5
10
76.5

Jogging for 20 Jogging fir 60

minutes
minutes
1
20
4
24
9
8
5.5
14
11
17.5
12
21
14
17.5
23
22
79.5
144

Test statistic

12
76.5 2 79.5 2 114 2
(

) 3(24 1) 7.27
8
8
8
24( 24 1)

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Decision: Reject the null hypothesis
Concluson: There is enough evidence to conclude that there is a difference in
median of the three groups.

Q2 (i)
(a)

H 0 : 1 2 3

H 1 : Not all i are equal

Rejection region: F > F0.05,2,15 = 3.6823
MSA = 6.333/2 = 3.167
MSW = 581.667/15 = 38.778
Test statistics: F = MSA/MSW = 3.167/38.778
= 0.0817
Conclusion: Do not reject the null hypothesis.
There is no enough evidence to conclude that there is a difference in the mean
yield among the methods used in cleansing steps

(ii)

(iii)

Because there is no evidence of a difference between the methods,

you should not develop any multiple comparisons.
Populations are Normally Distributed
Populations have Equal Variances
Samples are Randomly and Independently drawn

(b) (i)

H 0 : 1 2
H 1 : 1 2
0.05
Critical Value

t 0.05, 22 1.717

Test statistic
(12 1)8.6 2 (12 1)7.9 2
S
68.185
12 12 2
2
p

28.5 19.7

1 1
68.185

12 12
8.8

3.371
2.611

Reject null hypothesis.

Thus, the mean amount of Prawn crackers eaten was significantly higher for the

5
children who watched food ads.

(ii)

Critical value

t 0.025, 22 2.074

95% confidence interval estimate of the difference between the mean amount of
Prawn crackers eaten by the children who watched and did not watch the food ad

= (28.5 19.7) 2.074 68.185

( 121 + 121 )

= (1.808, 15.792)

Q
3(
a)

(i)

Y^ =120.0483+1.7506 X 1 +0.3680 X 2
Where X1 is assessed value and X2 is time since assessment

(ii)

Holding constant the time period, for each additional thousand dollars of assessed
value, the selling price is estimated to increase by 1.7506 thousand dollars.
Holding constant the assessed value, for each additional month since assessment,
the selling price is estimated to increase by 0.3680 thousand dollars.

(iii)

^ =120.0483+1.7506 ( 170 ) +0.3680(12)

Y
= 181.9692 thousand dollars

(iv)

H 0 : 1= 2=0
At least one i is not equal to zero.
Rejection region: F > F0.05,2,27
Test statistic: F = 2142.925/9.589852 = 223.5
Conclusion: Reject the null hypothesis because 223.5 > 3.3541.
Yes, there is a significant relationship between selling price and the two
independent variables (assessed value and time period) at the 0.05 level of
significance.

(v)

H 0 : 1 0
H 1 : 1 0

6
=0.05, /2=0.025
Critical value t 0.025,27 =2.052
1.75060
0.085756
= 20.41

Test statistic, t =

Reject the null hypothesis because 20.41 > 2.052.

The assessed value is significantly affect the selling price for a house.

Z 0.025 =1.96

(b)

p1 p 2 Z

p1 (1 p1 ) p 2 (1 p 2 )

n1
n2

= (0.47 0.15) (1.96)

= 0.32 0.03882
=(0.2812, 0.3588)

0.47 (0.53) 0.15(0.85)

+
1000
891

We are 95% confidence that the difference between the population proportion of
users under 50 years old and those 50 years or older who access the news on their
cell phones is between 0.2812 and 0.3588.