Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
and
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Technical Presentation
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FLARE SYSTEM DESiGN
Thailand - TOC
KSA - IBN-ZAHR
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GBA SOLUTiONS
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FLARE SYSTEMS
Elevated Flare
Derrick Structure
Guyed Riser
Guyed Derrick
Self Support
Ground Flare
Enclosed
Open
Burnpit
Gas and Liquids
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Flare tip
Air ingress seal
Structural supports
Water seal
Knock-out drum
Smoke emission control
Ignition system
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Flare tip
Air ingress seal
Structural supports
Water seal
Knock-out drum
Smoke emission control
Ignition system
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FLARE TiPS
General Purpose
Pipe flare
Smoke Suppression
Steam assist
Air assist
Gas assist
High Pressure
Sonic
FLARE TiPS
PIPE Flare
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PF model
FLARE TiPS
Steam Assist - Smoke suppression
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GCT-30C
FLARE TiPS
Steam Assist - Smoke suppression
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FLARE TiPS
Steam Assist - Smoke suppression
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GCT-AJ-54/48-C
FLARE TiPS
Air Assist - Smoke suppression
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CAF model
FLARE TiPS
Gas Assist - Smoke suppression
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PF-GA model
FLARE TiPS
High Pressure - Sonic
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CSF model
SONiC FLARE
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Flare tip
Air ingress seal
Structural supports
Water seal
Knock-out drum
Smoke emission control
Ignition system
Air
Air Lock
Seal
Inlet
upstream flare
tip
Outlet
Hand
Hole
Molecular Seal
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Molecular Seal
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Flare tip
Air ingress seal
Structural supports
Water seal
Knock-out drum
Smoke emission control
Ignition system
STRUCTURAL SUPPORTS
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STRUCTURAL SUPPORTS
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Self-Support
STRUCTURAL SUPPORTS
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STRUCTURAL SUPPORTS
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STRUCTURAL SUPPORTS
Derrick
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FIXED RISERS
STRUCTURAL SUPPORTS
Derrick
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DEMOUNTING RISERS
STRUCTURAL SUPPORTS
Derrick
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DEMOUNT STRUCTURE
STRUCTURAL SUPPORTS
Derrick
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INSTALLATION SERVICES
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Flare tip
Air ingress seal
Structural supports
Water seal
Knock-out drum
Smoke emission control
Ignition system
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WATER SEAL
Provide
Positive seal against air ingress
into header
Flashback prevention
Maintain flare header at positive
pressure
Horizontal or vertical
Manway
Water Inlet
Level Inst.
Level Inst.
WL
Level Inst.
Level Inst.
Water
Overflow
Steam In
Steam Out
Drain
DIA
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Flare tip
Air ingress seal
Structural supports
Water seal
Knock-out drum
Smoke emission control
Ignition system
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KNOCK-OUT DRUMS
Designed to
remove large liquid
droplets that
cannot be burnt by
the flare tip.
Return liquids to
the process or
drain.
Manway
Pressure
Gauge
Conn.
Temperature Inst.
Level Inst.
Level Inst.
Site as close as
possible to the flare
stack.
LL
Level Inst.
Level Inst.
288
Drain
DIA
No internals that
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Flare tip
Air ingress seal
Structural supports
Water seal
Knock-out drum
Smoke emission control
Ignition system
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THE PROBLEM
Ringelmann 0
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THE PROBLEM
Ringelmann 1
Ringelmann 2
Ringelmann 3-4
Ringelmann 4-5
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THE SOLUTION
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Duty / standby
2 x 100% or 3 x 50%
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Flare tip
Air ingress seal
Structural supports
Water seal
Knock-out drum
Smoke emission control
Ignition system
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IGNiTiON SYSTEM
Flame Front Generator [F.F.G.]
Manual
Automatic
High Energy Ignition [H.E.I.]
Automatic easy
Ballistic Spark Ignition
Pilot Monitoring
Thermocouples
Flame ionisation rod
Infra-red camera
IGNiTiON SYSTEM
Flame Front Generator (F.F.G.) system
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IGNiTiON SYSTEM
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IGNiTiON SYSTEM
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IGNiTiON SYSTEM
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DISADVANTAGES:
Economic;
Mechanically robust.
IGNiTiON SYSTEM
Flame Front Generator (F.F.G.) system
NATURAL DRAFT
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IGNiTiON SYSTEM
Flame Front Generator (F.F.G.) system
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NATURAL DRAFT
IGNiTiON SYSTEM
High Energy Ignition (H.E.I.) system
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IGNiTiON SYSTEM
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IGNiTiON SYSTEM
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IGNiTiON SYSTEM
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IGNiTiON SYSTEM
High Energy Ignition (H.E.I.) system
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HIGH TEMPERATURE
CABLE
Typically 12m long
Max Temp 600oC
Simple screw connector to
ignitor rod
SS braid over SS flexible
hose
400m maximum
- 45o C to 200oC
Wire armoure
PVC or silicone rubber sheath
1 cable per pilot
IGNiTiON SYSTEM
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IGNiTiON SYSTEM
Pilot Monitoring
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THERMOCOUPLES
IGNiTiON SYSTEM
Pilot Monitoring
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THERMOCOUPLES
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
Simple
Economic
Easy to replace
IGNiTiON SYSTEM
Pilot Monitoring
FLAME IONISATION ROD
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IGNiTiON SYSTEM
Pilot Monitoring
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IGNiTiON SYSTEM
Pilot Monitoring
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ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
Instantaneous detection
Control system at ground
level accessible
Relatively resistant to
thermal damage
Relatively expensive
Prone to dirt/carbon build-up
IGNiTiON SYSTEM
Pilot Monitoring
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INFRA-RED CAMERAS
Continuous monitoring
of pilot flames;
Senses unique
frequency of pre-mix
flame;
Infra-red detector up to
400m away, will monitor
regardless of flame
movement, varying
luminosity, most climatic
conditions;
IGNiTiON SYSTEM
Pilot Monitoring
INFRA-RED CAMERAS
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Principle of Operation
All objects above absolute zero emit I/R energy;
Amount of energy emitted is proportional to body
temperature;
Monitor collects energy via focusing optical system;
Energy concentrated onto a sensitive I/R detector;
Specialised amplification circuitry converts signal into DC to
activate relay and mA outputs for signal indications;
IGNiTiON SYSTEM
Pilot Monitoring
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INFRA-RED CAMERAS
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
Expensive
Optics require frequent
cleaning
Standard temp range 4 to 52oC
Can add heater and cooler
added utilities
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