Disc Springs

handy for use

Please refer any questions to:

Adolf Schnorr GmbH + Co. KG
Postfach 60 01 62
D-71050 Sindelfingen
Stuttgarter Strae 37 D-71069 Sindelfingen
Phone ++49 -70 31-302-0
Fax
++49 -70 31-38 26 00 + 70 31-30 21 38
eMail: mail@schnorr.de
Internet: http://www.schnorr.de

Adolf Schnorr GmbH + Co. KG 1997

All rights reserved.
Reprinting, in full or part, is only possible with
express permission and acknowledgement of the
source.
Compiled by Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Eberhard Fromm and
Ing. (grad.) Wolfgang Kleiner.
We reserve the right to make technical changes
without notice. All information is published to the best
of our knowledge and has been checked with great
care. However, we can accept no responsibility for
errors or omissions. We reserve the right to supply
features other than those specified.
Art.-No. 901 721 / 7.97
Production: Hela Werbung, Heilbronn

Introduction

p. 5

Basic Calculation
with Examples

p. 13

Design and Operation Limits

p. 29

Possible Combinations

p. 35

Practical use of disc springs

Manufacture

p. 41

This part answers questions resulting from

the practical use of disc springs. It is best to
select a disc spring by consulting the tables
in chapter 9.

Tolerances

p. 49

Application

p. 55

Materials

p. 65

Special Types

p. 77

Dimensional Tables

p. 81

Theoretical basis
This part contains the theoretical basis for
the calculation and design of disc springs.
You only need to consult chapter 12 if you
yourself are specifying a special spring size
or wish to analyse an existing spring with
regard to load and stress.

Firm grip for bolts

by SCHNORR-Safety Washers and
SCHNORR HDS Load Washers

Security Elements for

Bolted Connections

p. 137 10

Supplement

p. 149

Foreword
SCHNORR has now manufactured Disc Springs for over 50 years.
This period has been marked by extraordinary technical developments and Disc Springs have found many new and important
applications due to their special characteristics and advantages.
In order to meet customer requirements, SCHNORR has constantly
raised the quality of its products and researched solutions to customer problems. Looking back, the development of the SCHNORR
Handbook for Disc Springs, which had its origin in the 1930s, is a
mirror of SCHNORRs endeavours. The 1942 issue, 55 years ago,
already contained characteristic diagrams for 21 standard springs as
well as application and installation standards and instructions for
empirically based spring calculations. Each new issue revised the
technical content to conform to the state of the art.
SCHNORR would like to acknowledge and thank all of its colleagues at the Technical Universities of Braunschweig and Darmstadt
for their suggestions and developments in the field of disc springs.
Their continued collaboration will ensure that the SCHNORR Handbook continues to be the source of technical advise on Disc Springs,
as it has been for many decades.

Dieter Jentsch, Manager

Adolf Schnorr GmbH + Co. KG

Introduction
A disc spring is a conical shell which can be
loaded along its axis either statically or
dynamically. The loads are normally applied
to the upper inner edge and the lower outer
edge. Either a single spring or a stack of
springs can be used.

A spring stack can consist of either single

springs or parallel spring sets. Disc springs
are available either with or without contact
flats.

The Story of the Disc Spring

Although the disc spring has found a wider
application during the last few decades, it is
still an old established machine component.
The original inventor is not known, but more
than 130 years ago (on 26.12.1861 to be
precise) Julien Francois Belleville of Dunkirk
was granted French Patent Number 52399
for a spring design which already contained
the principle of the disc spring. The importance this invention achieved is unknown,
but the fact that even today France and the
Anglo Saxon countries still speak of Belleville Springs infers a broad dissemination of
this or similar springs. Today this tends to
denote a disc spring of inferior quality, which
still reflects the not always satisfactory design and function of springs at that time. This

is no wonder considering that in the last

century neither the theoretical conditions for
calculations nor the necessary materials for
manufacture were available.
Not until 1917 did Fr. Dubois develop the
theory on which the calculation of the disc
spring is based in his dissertation The
Strength of the Conical Shell [1] at the ETH in
Zurich. However, it still took several decades
until this was adopted in practice. For a long
time disc springs continued to be calculated
if at all in accordance with the theory of
the flat perforated plate. Then in 1936 two
Americans, Almen and Lszl, published a
simplified method of calculation [2] which allowed a quick and practically correct method
for calculating disc springs.

1940

As these two documents

substantiate, SCHNORR
was and is substancially
involved in the development of disc springs.

1995

Introduction
In the meantime, the disc spring had been
introduced into numerous areas of technology. Starting with applications in the construction of cutting and presswork tools,
where the disc spring is especially advantageous because of the large number of
variations possible with the same spring
size, new applications were quickly found in
machine, engine and motor vehicle manufacture.
Technological development is often advanced rapidly in time of war. The disc spring
was no exception and its spreading was
strongly promoted by the Second World
War. For example, its excellent damping characteristics with multiple parallel layers were
utilised for the suspension of artillery breeches. Calculation methods and material technology were further developed. After the war
the conditions were created for the introduction of the disc spring into all areas of technology.
Adolf Schnorr, who had founded a mechanical workshop in 1908, already began to
experiment with the disc spring in the 1920s.
He needed high-quality springs for precision
tools, with which he had made himself a
name, and had come across the disc spring
after a long search. As he was unable to
procure them anywhere, he went about producing these springs himself. Initially he
produced only for his own needs, but the
demand had already increased so greatly by
the early 1930s that he decided to give up
toolmaking for customers and devote himself entirely to the manufacture of the
SCHNORR Spring. From that time on
SCHNORR has manufactured disc springs
and continually opened up new applications
with its many domestic and foreign customers.

Features of the
Disc Spring
Compared with other types of springs, the
disc spring has a number of advantageous
properties, of which the following should be
named:
1. Very large loads can be supported
with a small installation space.
2. Depending on the dimensional relationships, its spring characteristic can
be designed to be linear or regressive
and with a suitable arrangement also
progressive.
3. Due to the nearly unlimited number of
possible combinations of individual
disc springs, the characteristic curve
and the column length can be further
varied within additional limits.
4. High service life under dynamic load
if the spring is properly dimensioned.
5. Provided the permissible stress is
not exceeded, no impermissible relaxation occurs.
6. With suitable arrangement, a large
damping effect may be achieved.
7. Stock keeping is minimised, as the
individual spring sizes can be combined universally.
8. Because the springs are of an annular
shape, force transmission is absolutely concentric.
On the basis of these excellent properties,
the disc spring has been adopted in nearly all
areas of technology during the last several
decades.

Checklist for disc spring design

Due to the relatively simple geometrical shape
the complexity of disc springs in production
and application is very often underrated.
There are possibilities for mistakes in outlining a disc spring solution, which inevitably
cause faulty design or even failures later on.
Then it is very difficult to find better substitutes, because most of the times the installation space is fixed.
With a correct design these problems are
easy to avoid. The main difficulty is to realize
these in the design stage to get an optimum
disc spring solution.
Since for most of the designers the disc
spring is not daily bread and to many the
rules for disc spring design are little known,
the most important aspects are summarized
here.
Spring force
The calculation of the force of a disc spring
is based on a model by Almen and Lszl. Its
accuracy in the usable range of the character
line of the spring is very good. Yet there is a
slow rise at the beginning of the measured
load/deflection curve, because disc springs
never are perfectly symmetrical. They so to
speak have to be pressed even. Also the
spring force rises in the last part of the load/
deflection curve more than calculated, when
the spring is loaded in between two parallel
planes, since the leverage changes due to the
never ideally even surfaces (see chapter 1.7).
Static loading
In the design of a new disc spring a certain
stress level should not be surpassed for
static loading. The maximum allowable limit
is given by the reference stress om. Its value
should not exceed the value of the tensile
strength Rm of the material to avoid plastic
deformations of the spring, i.e. setting losses
(chapter 2.1).

Dynamic loading
Most of the disc springs only can bear a
limited dynamic load. The life time depends
on the load span as well as on the load level
(chapter 2.2). The number of cycles, which is
to be expected under a certain load condition,
can be estimated from fatigue diagrams
(chapter 2.2 and chapter diagrams). It is
also necessary to preload disc springs in a
dynamic application to at least 15% to 20%
of their maximum deflection, to avoid compression-tension alternating stresses in the
beginning of the deflection range of the spring
(chapter 2.2).
Stacking
Disc springs can be stacked face to face
(series arrangement), which means their
deflections add up, or they can be stacked in
the same sense (parallel arrangement), then
their forces add up (chapter 3). The latter
induces increased friction and a stronger
hysteresis effect (chapter 6.5). Thus the force
in loading direction is higher and in unloading direction lower than the calculated
force. Applying suitable lubrication (MoS2
containig grease) can reduce the hysteresis
effect. The various possibilities of stacking
disc springs can be combined in a stack.
Different types of stacking in one spring
stack can be used to generate a progressive
character line. It is necessary to pay attention
to the weaker parts in a combined stacking
though, because these normally are pressed
flat quite fast, which is not allowed in dynamic
loading. If necessary a deflection limitation
has to be provided.
Guide
The surface of guide elements in dynamic
disc spring applications always has to be
harder than the disc springs themselves. A
minimum of 55 HRC is advisable, otherwise

Introduction
the surfaces can be damaged. This again
causes uneven movement during the deflection of the spring. The characteristics will be
changed and even fatigue cracks can occur
(chapter 6.4). Wrong guide clearance also
can change the dynamics of loading in a
detrimental way (chapter 6.3).
Stack length
Friction and other influences make a spring
stack move unevenly. It deflects more on the
side of the loading. This effect usually can be
neglected for a normal spring stack, but
not for long stacks. Therefore the length of a
spring stack should not exceed three times
the value of the outer diameter. If it is longer,
the stack can be stabilized by dividing it with
guide washers, which as a rule of thumb
should have a thickness of at least one and a
half times the guide diameter (chapter 6.1).

thicknesses (table chapter 7.4). Also almost

all high alloy steels may show stress corrosion cracking at high working stresses.
Hydrogen embrittlement
During the application of certain chemical or
electrochemical processes (such as galvanic
coating) hydrogen can get into the material
and can cause delayed brittle fractures. This
cannot be avoided entirely by thermal treatment. Thus processes, which do not bear
this risk, are to be preferred.

If we can help you in designing your

disc springs, please send us the fully filled

up questionnaire Disc Spring Enquiry
Sheet (appendix) .

Material
The best material for disc springs is standard
spring steel. It is always used as long as
there are no particular circumstances, which
may necessitate a special material. In general special materials have a lower tensile
strength and most of the times a different
Youngs modulus compared to the standard
spring steels. Therefore springs out of these
materials generally cannot be designed with
the same free height, which means that the
spring forces are lower (chapter 7).
Temperature
The different materials have different temperature ranges (see table chapter 7.4). Too
high temperatures may have a tempering
offset, which again results in a loss of force
and, in extreme cases, in plastic deformation
(setting losses).
Corrosion
Disc springs can be protected against corrosion either by suitable coatings or by using
corrosion resistant materials. Such materials are only available in a limited variety of

Standards for Disc Springs

For disc springs the following 2 standards
are applicable:
DIN 2092 Disc Springs, calculation
and
DIN 2093 Disc Springs, dimensions
and quality specifications.
New editions of both of these appeared in
January 1992. These standards are governing
our production and are also basic for the
present SCHNORR Handbook for Disc
Springs.
DIN 2092 covers the standard calculations based on a paper by J.O. Almen and

A. Lszl [2] which has been proven in practice for many years. It has been modified in
the last few years to include disc springs with
contact flats.
DIN 2093 contains 3 dimensional series
for disc springs differentiated by outer diameter, thickness and h0/t ratio. It also contains comprehensive quality requirements
for type, dimensions, material, permissible
stress, permissible set, guide clearance and
the testing of disc springs. Details of these
requirements can be found in chapter 2
and 4 7.

Disk Springs from the

SCHNORR Product Range

The SCHNORR Production Programme

In addition to springs as per the dimensions
contained in DIN 2093, we manufacture many
more spring sizes in accordance with our
works standard, for which we also apply the
quality regulations of DIN 2093. These also
include the springs of the Z series with
dimensions in inches and the K series
intended for the special purpose of preload9

ing ball bearings. The technical data for all

these springs of standard spring steel can be
found in the tables in chapter 9.
Besides these, we also supply many disc
springs in special sizes from 3.0 mm to
1000.0 mm in diameter and up to a thickness
of 80.0 mm of spring steel and all technically
possible special materials. Such springs of-

Introduction
fer the advantage of being optimally adapted
to the respective requirements. However, in
each individual case the practicality of production must be examined, and the final
decision always remains ours.
We recommend you contact our Technical Consulting Service in the design stage,
when we will gladly offer our knowledge,
experience and resources in the calculation
and design of disc springs.

From section Features of the Disc Spring

it can also be seen that the characteristics of
the disc spring are also excellently suited for
locking screw. We have developed our Original SCHNORR Safety Washers for this purpose. These are detailed in chapter 10 together with Load Washers as per DIN 6796.

The SCHNORR PC Program for Calculating

Disc Springs
If you frequently work with disc springs and
wish to design or check calculations on stack
arrangements, we recommend you use our
computer program for disc springs. By using
the geometric dimensions of the installation
space (e.g. the permissible range of the outer
and inner diameter and the installation length)
and the spring data (spring load and deflection), this program designates all spring
arrangements which can fulfil the specifications with standard dimensions. If, on the
other hand, the spring dimensions are known,
the program calculates all spring data of
interest, e.g. in addition to the spring load
and deflection, also the spring rate, spring
work, max. and min. stress, the achievable
stress reversals endured etc.
The spring characteristic of load and deflection may be displayed on a VDU screen as
can the stresses at points II and III. It is also
possible to display a diagram of the spring
stack together with the loaded and unloaded
lengths and details of the single spring. Naturally, all the spring data and graphics displays can be printed at the press of a key.
The program is written in TURBO-PASCAL and may be used with any IBM-compatible PC having a minimum of 512 KB main

memory. The computer must be equipped

with an MS-DOS operating system. Hercules, EGA and VGA graphics cards are supported as an interface for the output of text and
graphics on the screen.
The printer must be an IBM, Epson, Toshiba, HP Laserjet or any printer capable of
emulating one of these.
For interested parties we can provide
program diskettes for a nominal charge on
request.

10

Diagram of a Disc Spring

b) with contact flats

a) without contact flats

Figure 1
Single spring, cross-section and position of reference
points

Symbols and Units

Symbols

Unit

Designation

De

mm

Outside diameter

Di

mm

Inside diameter

Dw

mm

Diameter at the root of slots in a disc spring

D0

mm

Diameter of centre of rotation

N/mm2

Youngs modulus

Spring force of a single spring

F 1 , F 2 , F3

Spring force for deflections s1, s2, s3

Fc

Calculated spring force of a single spring when flat

Fges

Spring force of a spring set or stack

Force lost in setting

K1,K2,K3,K4

Constants for calculations (see chapter 1)

L0

mm

Unloaded length of the spring stack or spring sets

L 1, L 2, L 3

mm

Length of the loaded spring stack or spring set

for forces F1, F2, F3

Lc

mm

Calculated length of the spring stack or set

when springs are flat

11

Number of cycles to failure

N/mm

Spring rate

Nmm

Spring work

Introduction
Symbols

Unit

Designation

h0

mm

Cone height of an unloaded single spring

(calculated h0 = l0 t)

h 0

mm

Cone height of an unloaded spring with reduced thickness t

(and contact flats, calculated h0 = l0 t)

i
l0

No. of single springs or sets in series in a stack

mm

Height of an unloaded single spring

No. of parallel springs in a set

mm

Deflection of a single spring

s 1 , s 2 , s3

mm

Deflections relative to loads F1, F2, F3

sges

mm

Deflection of a spring set or stack

mm

Thickness of individual

mm

Reduced spring thickness for springs with contact flats

(group 3)

w M , wR

Friction factors

= De/Di

Diameter ratio

Poisson's ratio (for spring steel = 0.3)

N/mm

OM, I, II,
III, IV

N/mm2

Calculated stress at points

OM, I, II, III and IV as per figure 1

N/mm2

Calculated maximum stress for springs

with dynamic loads

N/mm2

Calculated minimum stress for springs

with dynamic loads

N/mm2

Stress range for the working stroke

of dynamically loaded springs

N/mm2

Maximum stress for fatigue resistance

N/mm2

Minimum stress for fatigue resistance

H = O U

N/mm

Calculated stress

Permissible stress range for fatigue resistance

12

Basic Calculation
Chapter 1

13

Basic Calculation
1.1 Calculation for a Single Spring ............................................................................... 15
1.2 Equations for Calculations ...................................................................................... 15
Characteristics .......................................................................................................... 15
Spring Force .............................................................................................................. 16
Stress Calculations .................................................................................................... 17
Spring Rate ............................................................................................................... 17
Spring Work .............................................................................................................. 18
1.3 Disc Springs without Contact Flats ........................................................................ 18
1.4 Disc Springs with Contact Flats and Reduced Thickness ..................................... 19
1.5 Disc Springs of Special Materials ........................................................................... 21
1.6 Spring Parameters for Dimensions and Calculation .............................................. 21
1.7 Characteristics of a Single Spring .......................................................................... 22
1.8 Calculation Examples .............................................................................................. 24

14

1.1 Calculation for a Single Spring

The calculations of Almen and Lszl assume that a spring flank rotates arround a
centre of rotation during deflection, placed in
the centre of the spring flank at diameter D0.
Formula 1

D0 =

De Di
ln De / Di

The rotation of the cross section is the reason for the various stresses and the spring
effect.
The calculations assume that Youngs
modulus E remains linear for the material,
the spring cross-section is rectangular with
sharp corners and the spring remains in one
plane during deflection. The load is applied at
points I and III. There is residual stress in the
spring after being manufactured and heat
treated and can be ignored.

Although today there are more accurate

methods of calculation [10] [12] [13], there is no
reason to abandon the simple and convenient formulas of DIN 2092. For standard
dimensions they produce values which correspond well to the measured results.

Figure 2
Position of the centre of rotation and point OM

1.2 Equations for Calculations

These are valid for all disc springs:
Characteristics
Formula 2
Formula 3

Formula 4

Formula 5

= De / Di
2

1
K1 =
+1 2
1 ln
1
1
6 ln
K2 =

ln

K3 =

t'

t
with C1 =
1 l0 t' 3 5 l0 t' 3
+ +
4 t t 4 8 t t 8

3 1

ln

Formula 6
2

K4 =

15

C1
C
+ 1 + C2
2
2

Basic Calculation
Spring Force
Formula 7

F=

4E
t4
s
s
h s h

K24 K24 0 0 + 1
2
t t t 2t
t
1 K1 D2e

For disc springs manufactured to group 1 and 2 (chapter 4) K4 = 1:

Formula 8a

F=

t4
s h
s h
s
4E

o o + 1
2
2
t t 2 t
1 K1 De t t

For disc springs manufactured to group 3 with contact flats and reduced thickness, t and h0
must be used (h0 = l0 t):
Formula 8b

F=

4E
t'4
s h'
s h'
s

K24 K24 0 0 +1
2
t' t' t' t' 2 t'
1 K1 De2

Youngs modulus E is virtually independent

of the heat treatment condition and tensile
strength of the material.
For steel springs with dimensions in accordance with DIN 2093, formula 7 provides
values which correspond closely to the measured values. The limitations and extent of this
are explained in greater detail in chapter 1.

The force of a disc spring does not increase linearly with the deflection, but is
always regressively curved. Its pitch, i.e. the
rate, decreases with increasing stroke. The
rate of curvature is determined exclusively
by the ratio h0/t, as can be seen in figure 3.
See also chapter 1.

Figure 3
Spring characteristic
curve with respect to
h o/t and s/ho

16

Stress Calculations
Formula 9

OM =
Formula 10

4E
t2
s 3

K4
2
t
1 K1 D2e
1

4E
t2
s
s
h
l =

K4 K4 K2 0 + K3
2
t 2t
t
1 K1 D2e

Formula 11

ll =

4E
t2
s
s
h

K4 K4 K2 0 K3
2
t 2t
t
1 K1 D2e

lll =

4E
1 s
t2
s
h

K4 K4 (K2 2K3 ) 0 K3
2
t 2t
t
1 K1 D2e

lV =

4E
1 s
t2
s
h

K4 K4 (K2 2K3 ) 0 + K3
2
2

t
t 2t
1 K1 De

Formula 12

Formula 13

Here

4E
= 905 495 N / mm2
1 2

member that this the calculated stress is a

nominal value and that the actual stress is
considerably lower, as it is considerably influenced by the ever-present internal stress.

also applies to spring steel. Positive values

are tensile stress and negative values are
compressive stress. It is important to re-

Spring Rate
Through differentiation of the spring load F
in accordance with the deflection s, the following formula is obtained for spring rate R:
Formula 14

R=

2
h 2
dF
4E
t3
h s 3 s
=

K24 K24 0 3 0 + + 1
2
2
ds 1 K1 De
t t 2 t
t

The spring rate between any two adjacent

points, F1, s1 and F2, s2 can be approximated
by means of the following simple formula:
Formula 15

R=

17

F2 F1
s2 s1

Basic Calculation
Spring Work
The work done by a disc spring can be
obtained by integrating formula 7 for the
load F according to the deflection s:
Formula 16

W = F ds =
0

2E
1

t5
K 1 D2e

2
2

s
h
s
K 24 K 24 0 + 1
t
t 2t

For a limited area of application it can be

integrated between the two deflections s1
and s2.

1.3 Disc Springs without Contact Flats

For disc springs without contact flats K4 = 1
and h0 = l0 t. This applies to all disc springs
in production groups 1 and 2 (see chapter 2),
i.e. with a thickness of up to 6.0 mm.
Because of the rectangular cross-section
with rounded corners, as is specified for
springs in groups 1 and 2, the application of
load in practice always takes place via slightly shortened lever arms (figure 4). Due to the
h/H tolerance for the outer and inner diameters, the lever arms are shortened even further. This results in an increase in the spring
load by the factor

This conditions takes the standard DIN

2093 into consideration in that the thickness
tolerances toward the minus side are clearly
larger than toward the plus side. Therefore,
we manufacture all springs with a slightly
reduced disc thickness. This reduction in the
lever arm length is also an explanation for
the fact that the permissible deviations for
the spring loads for groups 1 and 2 are
considerably larger toward the plus than
the minus side.

De Di
De' Di'

in virtually all springs compared to the values calculated with formula 7.

Figure 4
Cross-section of a disc spring in group 2

18

1.4 Disc Springs with Contact Flats and

Reduced Thickness
For disc springs with a thickness of more
than 6.0 mm, DIN 2093 specifies small contact surfaces at points I and III in addition to
the rounded corners. Figure 5 shows a schematic cross-section of a spring in group 3 as
per DIN 2093. The corresponding springs of
our factory standard are also manufactured
in the same manner.
These contact flats improve definition of
the point of load application and, particularly
for spring stacks, reduce friction at the guide
rod. The result is a considerable reduction in
the lever arm length and a corresponding
increase in the spring load. This is in turn
compensated for by a reduction in the spring
thickness from t to t.
When calculating disc springs with contact flats and reduced thickness, the factor K4
must be calculated using formula 6, and t
replaced with t and h0 with h0 = l0 t in the
equations 7 to 16.

Figure 5
Cross-section of a disc spring in group 3

19

The reduced thickness t is specified in

accordance with the following conditions:
The overall height l0 remains unaltered.
The width of the contact flats is to be
approximately 1/150 of the outside diameter.
The spring load for a reduced-thickness
spring must be the same at s = 0.75 h0 as
for an unreduced spring.
The dimension t is specified for those disc
springs contained in DIN 2093. The mean
factor t/t is:
Series
t/t

0.94

0.94

0.96

For other springs the factor for t/t is dependent on the dimensional ratio and h0/t from
figure 6. The curves were calculated for disc
springs with OM = 1600 N/mm2. For springs
with different stress sOM, we would ask you to
contact our Technical department.
As the overall height is not reduced,
springs with reduced thickness inevitably
have an increased flank angle and a greater
cone height h0 than springs of the same
nominal dimension without reduced thickness. Therefore, the characteristic curve is
altered and becomes more curved. Figure 7
shows the characteristic curves for springs
of the series A, B and C as per DIN 2093 with
and without contact flats and reduced thickness.

Basic Calculation
Figure 6
Factor t/t for disc springs
with
s OM = 1600 N/mm 2

Figure 7
Calculated characteristics for disc springs with and
without contact flats. F c is valid for springs without
contact flats (continuos line).

20

1.5 Disc Springs of Special Materials

When special materials are used with different E moduli and Poissons ratio , it is
recommended that the corresponding E
modulus is used, but that the value of
0.91 for 12 be retained. This is justified
with the fact that formula 7 for steel with

E = 206 000 N/mm2 and = 0.3 provides

loads 8 9% higher, however this is more or
less balanced out again by radii and crosssection-related shortening of the lever arm.

1.6 Spring Parameters for Dimensions and Calculation

Disc springs are determined essentially by
the following three parameters:

Outside diameter De
Inside diameter Di

ho/t =

Cone height l0 t
Disc thickness t

De/t =

Outside diameter De
Disc thickness t

If at all possible, the parameters above should

be within the following values:
= 1.75...2.5
h0/t = 0.4...1.3
De/t = 16...40
For smaller values , smaller values of h0/t
and De/t also apply and vice-versa.

21

For steel springs with dimensions within

these limits, formula 7 can be used without
restriction. For very thin disc springs (De/t > 50)
the formula results in spring forces which are
too high.
For very narrow disc washers with a ratio
of diameters of De/Di < 1.75, the shortening
of the lever arm must be considered when
calculating the force. This is brought about
by the rectangular cross-section and by the
rounded edges (chapter 1) and results in the
calculation of too low a load. In all such
cases please consult us.

Basic Calculation

1.7 Characteristics of a Single Spring

The value h0/t determines the amount of curvature of the spring characteristic (figure 3).
For h0/t < 0.4, the characteristic is almost
linear, as the value h0/t increases, the _curve
becomes more regressive. At h0/t = 2 the
curve has a nearly horizontal segment
(at s = h0 it has a horizontal tangent). This
means that springs can be developed with an
almost horizontal characteristic, which gives
very little load increase with deflection. However, this type of spring with h0/t > 1.3 is not
suitable for long spring stacks, as individual
springs within the stack may move unevenly
and be overloaded. As a result, such springs
should only be used alone.
From the dependence of the characteristic curvature from the ratio h0/t, follows that

the characteristic curve of disc springs of the

same dimensions changes when they are
formed to a different height. Conversely, at
the same height h0, a thinner disc will have a
more regressive characteristic curve than a
thicker disc (figure 8).
On the other hand, the force of the flattened disc spring increases linearly. If, for
example, a spring calculation cannot predict
this in a satisfactory manner, then a first step
in the form of a change in the free height may
already produce the desired load/deflection
diagram. Here, however, the permissible
stress must be observed, as these increase
with increasing cone height h0.

Figure 8
Characteristic of a
single disc with
different height h 0

22

_
At h0/t > 2, the spring force reaches a
maximum and then decreases again. In some
cases the decreasing segment of the curve is
utilised. Under certain conditions the spring
must be loaded beyond the flat position, for
which certain design conditions must be
given (figure 9).

Figure 9
Spring loaded beyond the flat position

For the normal arrangement of disc springs

a progressive increase in the spring force
occurs at deflections of s > 0.75 h0 which
deviates from the calculated value. This results from the shift in the load points to
smaller lever arms, because the disc springs

roll on each other or on the abutments. Therefore, it is recommended that only approx. 75
to 80 % of the spring deflection is utilised.
For this reason, the spring force is only
indicated at s 0.75 h0 in DIN 2093 (figure 10).

Figure 10
Calculated and actual
characteristic

23

Basic Calculation

1.8 Calculation Examples

The section Diagrams contains the characteristics for all springs in our standard range.
The life lines also allow the fatigue life to be
estimated for various working strokes. In

spite of this we show several examples of the

calculation and checking of disc springs below.

Example 1: Checking Fatigue Life of a Disc Spring

Given:
Spring 45 x 22.4 x 1.75; l0 = 3.05 mm
Preload
F1 = 1580 N
Final load
F2 = 2670 N
Frequency
f = 1000/min
To be determined:
Is the stress within the acceptable range
what is the estimated fatigue life.
Solution:
From the tables of section 9.2 we can
obtain the following data:
s/h0
0.25
0.5
0.75
1.0

s [mm]
0.325
0.650
0.980
1.300

F [N]
1524
2701
3659
4475

s [N/mm]
433
814
1148
1421

With the help of these four points the load

and stress relative to the deflection may be
drawn.

Figure 11
Disc spring 45 x 22.4 x 1.75; l 0 = 3.05 mm

The following values may be obtained from

the diagram (figure 12):
s1 = 0.34 mm, s2 = 0.64 mm
u = 450 N/mm
o = 804 N/mm
From the fatigue diagram for group 2 springs
figure 19, we obtain U= 450 N/mm2 with a
maximum stress of O = 920 N/mm2. Therefore the spring is fatigue resistant as o< O.

Figure 12
Diagram for spring
45 x 22.4 x 1.75 mm,
l 0 = 3.05 mm

24

Example 2: Disc Springs with a high h0 /t Ratio

Given:
Guide diameter 30 mm
Installed length l1
Preload
F1
Working defl. s2 s1
Spring load
F2

=
=
=
=

4,9 mm
2000 N min.
1.05 mm
2500 N max.

Required:
Suitable Disc Spring Dimensions
Solution:
Spring inside diameter Di = 30.5 mm
Spring outside diameter De = 60 mm
(selected because of the favourable De/
Di ratio).
Because of the very small load range and
the small installed length only a spring
with a high h0/t ratio is suitable..
Selected:
Disc spring 60 x 30.5 x 1.5 mm;
l0 = 3.5 mm h0/t = 1.333; = 1.967
Calculation:
First the factors are calculated using formula 3. 4 and 5:
K1 = 0.688
K2 = 1.212
K3 = 1.365

Figure 13
Disc spring 60 x 30.5 x 1.5 mm

The stress OM can be checked using formula 9:

OM = 1048 N/mm
This value lies well under the limit of 1600
N/mm, the spring will therefore not set.
Now the spring loads can be calculated to
formula 8a, preferably for the 4 deflections
s = 0.25h0, s = 0.5 h0, s = 0.75h0 and s = h0.
One obtains the following values:
s/h0
0.25
0.5
0.75
1.0

s [mm]
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0

F [N]
1338
2058
2367
2469

With these 4 points the spring diagram can

be drawn.

Figure 14
Diagram for spring
60 x 30.5 x 1.5 mm,
l0 = 3.5 mm

25

Basic Calculation
One can read
and for
Deflection

F1 = 2100 N s1 = 1.05 mm
F2 = 2400 N s2 = 1.61 mm
s2 s1
= 0.56 mm

The deflection of a single spring is not sufficient, therefore two in series must be used.
This arrangement gives:
Unloaded length:
Preloaded length:
Preloaded deflection:
Preload:
Deflection s2 = s1 + 1.05
Final load

= 7.0 mm
= 4.90 mm
= 2.1 mm
= 2100 N
= 3.15 mm
F2 = 2390 N

L0
L1
s1
F1

To check the fatigue life we must use the

stresses at s1 = 1.05 and s2 = 1.575 mm.
Figure 17 shows that point III is the dominant one, this gives:
s 1:
s2 :

u = 843 N/mm
o = 1147 N/mm

By utilising the fatigue life diagram in figure

19 we can see that the expected life will be in
the order of 1,000,000 cycles.

Example 3: Calculation of a Disc Spring with Contact Flats

Given:
Disc spring 200 x 82 x 12 mm; l0 = 16.6 mm
h0= 4.6 mm; = 2.439; h0/t = 0.383
Required:
The spring characteristic and the stresses II and III
Although this spring is to our works standard
we show below how the calculations are
made and results can be checked in the
tables section 9.2.

The static design can be checked by the calculation of OM, the reduced thickness is not
considered and we use the values of t and h0.
This gives:
OM = 1579 N/mm
As the acceptable value for OM is 1600 N/mm,
the spring is correct. From figure 6 and
considering d and h0/t the reduction factor t/
t can be obtained:
t/t = 0.958

From the formula 3 to 5 we first calculate the

constants K1 to K3:
K1 = 0.755
K2 = 1.315
K3 = 1.541

Therefore t = 11.5 mm and h0 = 5.1 mm.

Constant K4 can be calculated from formula 6:
K4 = 1.0537

Figure 15
Disc spring
200 x 82 x 12 mm

26

Figure 16
Spring force and stresses for spring 200 x 82 x
12 mm,
t = 11.5 l 0 = 6.6 mm

Now from formula 8b, 11 and 12 the spring

force and both stresses can be calculated:
s/h0 s
0.25
0.5
0.75
1.0

[mm]
1.15
2.3
3.45
4.6

F [N] II [N/mm2] III [N/mm2]

66924
416
389
127191
890
747
182737 1421
1072
235503 2011
1366

With this spring the greater values of stress

are on the inner diameter which should be
used. Finally the value of the stress OM for
the reduced thickness can be checked:
OM = OM K4 t/t
OM = 1595 N/mm

27

28

Design and
Operation Limits
Chapter 2

29

Design and Operation Limits

2.1 Allowable Stress for Static or Quasistatic Loads .................................................. 31
Static Design ............................................................................................................. 31
Permissible Stress .................................................................................................... 31
2.2 Permissible Stress for Dynamic Loads ................................................................... 31
Critical Stress Affecting Dynamic Failure .................................................................. 32
Minimum Preload to Prevent Superficial Cracks ...................................................... 32
Permissible Stress .................................................................................................... 33

30

2.1 Allowable Stress for Static or Quasistatic Loads

Static Design
Static or rarely changing loads exist when:
a) Disc springs carry only static, non-changing loads
b) Disc springs are subject to occasional
load changes at greater time intervals and
less than 10,000 load cycles during the
planned service life.

Disc springs are normally designed with an

overall height l0, so that they can be flattened
under static or rarely changing loads without
the overall height l0 reducing by more than
the permissible tolerance. The stress OM at
point OM defined in formula 9 applies here.

Permissible Stress
Plastic deformations occur, when the
stresses in certain areas exceed the yield
strength. Reference stress is OM. Its value
should not exceed the tensile strength Rm of
the material used. For spring steel as per DIN
17221 and 17222 the tensile strength is
Rm1600 N/mm2. For other materials, the
respective applicable yield point values must
be used. Disc springs as per DIN 2093 and
our factory standards listed in the tables in

chapter 9 were designed according to an

earlier method using the stress at point I.
For this reason, some of these springs
exceed the permissible stress at the point
OM. As these springs have been manufactured for years with this overall height l0,
we have not changed the height. With these
types of springs there is the possibility of
slight setting in use.

2.2 Permissible Stress for Dynamic Loads

Dynamic loads occur in disc springs when
the load continuously changes between a
preload deflection s1 and a deflection s2.
Under the influence of a change in stress of
h, dynamically loaded disc springs can be
divided into two groups by service life (see
also DIN 50100):
a) Disc springs with longer life. These disc
springs are intended to withstand load
cycles of at least 2 106 and more without

31

breaking. If a considerably longer life is

required, please consult us. It may be that
only an endurance test can provide exact
information.
b) Disc springs with a limited service life.
These disc springs are intended to achieve
a limited number of load cycles in the
range between 104 N < 2 106 before
failure.

Design and Operation LLimits

imits
Critical Stress Affecting Dynamic Failure
For disc springs carrying dynamic loading,
the calculated tensile stress on the underside
of the spring are the determining factors, as
fatigue cracks always start here. In dependency on the dimensional ratios = De/Di
and h0/t and the relative deflection s/h0, the

largest stress range h may occur at both

point II and point III. Whether point II or point
III is decisive can be derived figure 17 for
springs with and without contact flats.

Figure 17
Decisive point of crosssection to be used to
determine fatigue life

We recommend calculating the stress for

both points using formulas 11 and 12 . Use the
larger value to determine fatigue life using the

applicable diagrams (figure 18 20).

Minimum Preload to Prevent Superficial Cracks

After heat treatment all disc springs are going
to be scragged or prestressed, which causes
a plastic deformation in the region of crosssectional point I (see section 4.4). This results
in residual tensile stress at this point in the
unloaded spring. When loaded there is then
a change from tensile to compressive stress

which can result in the formation of cracks

during dynamic loading. To avoid these
the tensile stress must be balanced out by
applying a suitable prestress. Therefore,
dynamically loaded disc springs should be
preloaded to at least s = 0.15 to 0.20 h0.

32

Permissible Stress
The stress calculated for the working range
of the spring is compared with the fatigue
diagrams in figure 18 20. These provide
standard values of the permissible stress
range H for N 2106, N = 5105 and N = 105
load cycles in dependency on the minimum
stress U for dynamically loaded, non-shotpeened disc springs. Intermediate values for
other load cycles can be estimated.
A fatigue diagram is indicated for each of
the 3 manufacturing groups as per DIN 2093.
These groups are divided by the disc thickness as follows:
Group 1: t less than 1.25 mm
Group 2: t = 1.25 to 6 mm
Group 3: t over 6 to 14 mm

These diagrams were developed from laboratory tests on test machines with an even
sinusoidal load by means of statistical evaluation, whereby a survival rate of 99% was
assumed. This means that for a large enough
sample a failure rate of 1% can be expected
due to fatigue.
The diagrams are applicable to single
springs and spring stacks with up to 10
single springs stacked in series, operating at
room temperature with hardened and perfectly finished inner or outer guides and
minimum preload deflection of s1 = 0.15 to
0.20 h0 (page 32).

Figure 18
Fatigue resistance
diagram for group 1

It should be noted that in practice the type of

loads applied in many cases deviates from a
nearly sinusoidal frequency. In the case of an
impact-type load cycle and as the result of
natural frequencies, the actual material load-

33

ing is considerably greater than the calculated value. The values of the diagrams may
only be used for these types of loading under
inclusion of the appropriate safety factors.

Design and Operation LLimits

imits
For disc springs of materials others than
those specified in DIN 2093, for spring stacks
with more than 10 or with multiply parallelstacked individual springs, and in the case of
other unfavourable influences of a chemical

or thermal nature, sufficient data to predict

fatigue are not yet available. In such cases
additional safety factors must also be applied and we recommend that you consult
us.

Figure 19
Fatigue resistance
diagram for group 2

Figure 20
Fatigue resistance
diagram for group 3

34

Possible Combinations
Chapter 3

35

Possible Combinations
3.1 Possible Combinations of Single Springs ............................................................... 37
3.2 Stacks in Series ....................................................................................................... 37
3.3 Stacks in Parallel ..................................................................................................... 38
3.4 Stacks from Spring Sets .......................................................................................... 38
3.5 Progressive Spring Characteristics ........................................................................ 39

36

3.1 Possible Combinations of Single Springs

The shape of the disc spring as a conical disc
allows single springs to be combined in
different ways. As a result, the characteristic
of a spring combination can be varied in
almost any way desired and adapted to the
requirements. In principle the following possibilities exist (figure 21):

Single-series spring stack

(series stacking)
Parallel springs in spring sets
(parallel stacking)
Spring stack of parallel sets in series

Figure 21
Schematic representation of characteristic lines
possible with springs of
the same size in different
combinations

The determination of the characteristic for

assembled disc springs stack is based on the

characteristic of the single spring (figure 21,

chart a).

3.2 Stacks in Series

A stack of i springs in single series (figure
21, chart b) results in the following without
considering friction:
Spring Load:
Formula 17

Fges = F

Spring Deflection:
Formula 18

sges = i s

Unloaded Stack Length:

Formula 19

37

L0

= i l0

Only the deflection is multiplied by the number of springs in series, not the load.

Possible Combinations

3.3 Stacks in Parallel

A set of n single springs in parallel (figure
21, chart c) results in the following without
considering friction
Spring Load:
Formula 20

Fges = n F

In this case the spring load must be

multiplied by the number of springs in parallel, where as the deflection remains as for a
single spring. For springs in Group 3 with
contact flats and reduced disc thickness, t
must be replaced with t in formula 22.

Spring Deflection:
Formula 21

sges = s

Unloaded Set Height:

Formula 22

L0

= l0 + (n 1) t

3.4 Stacks from Spring Sets

This is the combination of parallel sets in
series (figure 21, chart d). For i sets in
series and n springs in parallel following
results without considering friction:

With this arrangement the spring load is

proportional to the number of disc springs in
parallel, while the deflection is proportional
to the number of sets. In formula 25 t must
be replaced with t if necessary.

Spring Load:
Formula 23

Fges = n F

Spring Deflection:
Formula 24

sges = i s

Unloaded Stack Length:

Formula 25

L0

= i [l0+(n 1) t]

38

3.5 Progressive Spring Characteristics

In many cases it is a requirement that the
spring load increases progressively as the
deflection increases, i.e. the rate of the characteristic increases instead of (as it is typical
for disc springs) decreasing (figure 22). Such
characteristic curves can be achieved in various ways.

Figure 22
Various types of spring characteristics

With a spring stack as shown in figure 23,

chart a, the discs of the 1, 2 and 3-fold
layering will be flattened in sequence when a
load is applied. The characteristic of such a
spring stack results in the addition of the
individual characteristics, as shown schematically in figure 23. The same results can be
achieved by combining springs of different
thickness to form a stack (figure 23, chart b).

Figure 23
Progressive characteristic with disc springs

39

In this case it must be considered that the

spring sets stacked 1 or 2-fold or the thinner
single discs are subjected to very high stresses
if disc springs as per DIN 2093 or the
SCHNORR Factory standard have been selected. However, this overloading can be
prevented with a smaller cone height or with
spacer sleeves or rings to limit the deflection.

Possible Combinations
Other ways of obtaining a progressive characteristic are shown in figures 24 to 26. By
inserting intermediate rings of differing thicknesses, the deflection of a spring stack consisting of disc springs of the same thickness
can be limited in steps. As a result, the spring
rate increases with increasing deflection (figure 24). Care must be taken to ensure that the
permissible stress is not exceeded for springs
without spacer rings (section 3 of the stack).
Figure 24
Spring arrangements for a progressive characteristic

A progressive characteristic can also be obtained by combining disc springs with flat
washers. With this arrangement as shown in
figure 25, the disc springs of a group of 2
disc springs with a flat washer between them
first deflect until they all 3 parts lie parallel.
From this point on the two disc springs act as
a parallel pair and the flat washer is unloaded
again, as it moves toward its original state.
Washers and disc springs may also have
different thicknesses or be arranged so that
3 or more layers result.
Figure 25
Spring arrangements for a progressive characteristic

Figure 26 shows a stack consisting of disc

springs of 3 different thicknesses. Here external rings are used as spacers to limit the
deflection to protect the thinner springs from
overloading.

If you should have a requirement for similar

spring arrangements, please consult our
Technical Consulting Service. We will be glad
to make the appropriate calculations for you.

Figure 26
Spring arrangements for a progressive characteristic

40

Chapter 4

Manufacture

41

Manufacture
4.1 Classification by Group ........................................................................................... 43
4.2 Fine Blanked or Turned Disc Springs? .................................................................... 43
4.3 Heat Treatment ........................................................................................................ 45
4.4 Scragging or Presetting ........................................................................................... 45
4.5 Shot Peening ............................................................................................................ 45
4.6 Corrosion Protection ............................................................................................... 46
Phosphating .............................................................................................................. 46
Browning ................................................................................................................... 46
Metallic Surface Treatment ....................................................................................... 46
Zinc ......................................................................................................................... 46
Cadmium ................................................................................................................ 46
Nickel ...................................................................................................................... 46
Electroplating ............................................................................................................ 47
Mechanical or Peen Plating ....................................................................................... 47
Metal Spray ............................................................................................................... 47
Chemical Nickel Plating ............................................................................................. 47
Dacromet Coating ..................................................................................................... 47

42

4.1 Classification by Group

The large dimensional range in which disc
springs are made requires very different production methods. The methods employed
range from simple stamping and stamping
with extra machining to hot forged and rolled
rings, which are turned or ground to obtain
their final shape.
DIN 2093 specifies 3 manufacturing
groups:
Group 1: Thickness t less than 1.25 mm
Group 2: Thickness t from 1.25 to 6 mm
Group 3: Thickness t more than 6 to 14 m
For these groups the following manufacturing methods are specified:
Group 1:

Stamped,
Cold formed,
Corners rounded

Group 2:

Stamped,
Cold formed,
De and Di turned,
Corners radiused

Group 3:

Cold or hot formed,

Machined all over,
Corners radiused,
With contact flats and
reduced thickness

All SCHNORR disc springs as per DIN 2093

and our factory standards are made to these
requirements. Special sizes are also assigned
to the appropriate group if production is
possible or no other production method has
been agreed upon. The manufacturing process is shown schematically for the three
groups in figure 27.

4.2 Fine Blanked or Turned Disc Springs?

For group 2 manufacture the standard allows
the following alternative:
Fine blanked
Cold formed
Corners rounded
The machining method is left to the
manufacturers discretion, unless it is expressly specified by the customer. This
means that the user can specify which version is to be supplied!
The group 2 springs we deliver are exclusively turned on the inside and outside diameter, as we still consider this the best
method. During turning the unavoidable

43

machining grooves result in the circumferential direction, and thus lie in the same
direction as the maximum stress, whereas
stamping grooves (which also result during
fine blanking!) run at a right angle to the
maximum stress, which leads to a much
lower impact strength[11].
If fine-cut springs are required to reach
the life expectancy laid down in DIN 2093,
there is clear evidence that these turned
springs are more suitable for the highest
demands.

Manufacture

Figure 27
The manufacturing process of several groups

44

4.3 Heat Treatment

Heat treatment is of major importance for
properties of a spring. Therefore, we heat
treat all springs of ordinary spring steel as
long as they are not manufactured of springhard material using an isothermal annealing.
This enables a so-called bainite stage to ensure that the springs attain the highest

strength, and at the same time a high degree

of toughness and optimal fatigue resistance.
According to DIN 2093 the hardness of
disc springs should be 42 52 HRC. With the
springs we manufacture, hardness is related
inversely to disc thickness.

4.4 Scragging or Presetting

After heat treatment each spring is flattened
at least once. This reduces the overall height
by means of plastic deformation. Tensile
stress results on the upper side, which counteracts the compressive stress caused by
subsequent loadings and so reduces the
stress peaks. Further plastic deformation is

thereby avoided during later loading of the

spring.
According to DIN 2093 each disc spring
must be scragged so that following loading
equivalent to twice the spring force F(s = 0.75 h ),
the limit deviations for the spring force are not
exceeded.
0

4.5 Shot Peening

It has been shown that shot peening can be
very beneficial to springs subjected to dynamic loads. It can considerably improve the
working life far in excess of the values shown
in figures 18, 19 and 20. Shot peening produces compressive stress at the surface

45

which partially counteracts internal tensile

stress resulting from setting. Therefore shotpeened springs will generally set more than
usual. For this reason, surface bonding by
means of shot peening is not recommended
for springs carrying static loads.

Manufacture

4.6 Corrosion Protection

In practice the presence of corrosive media
is so common and the forms of attack so
numerous that it is not possible to deal with
the entire problem in detail here. We must
refer you to the literature in the supplement.
It can only be established here that ordinary
spring steel must offer no corrosion protection of their own. Therefore, disc springs of
these types of steel must be protected against

corrosion with a suitable surface treatment.

A wide range of methods are available for
this purpose from which the best suited
must be selected for each individual case.
More information on corrosion-resistant steel
can be found in section 7.3.
The most important surface treatment
methods are:

Phosphating
This is the standard process generally applied to all low alloy steels unless otherwise
agreed. A zinc phosphate layer is produced
on the surface, which is then impregnated
with corrosion-protection oil. The protection
achieved in this way is sufficient in the vast
majority of all cases. Primarily for inside

applications, but also out of doors, if the

springs are installed with weather protection, no additional protection is required.
According to DIN 50960, the designation
for phosphate treatment is: Surface coating
as per DIN 50942 Fe/Znph r10 f.

Browning
This process simply produces an oxidised
surface, which is then coated with a corrosion-resistant oil. The corrosion resistance
is not as good as phosphating, therefore this

treatment is mostly used where a phosphate

coating or its abrasion is a problem.
DIN 50960 defines browning as follows:
Surface coating as per DIN 50938 Fe/A f.

Metallic Surface Treatment

Metals for Surface Treatment
Zinc is by far the most commonly used
coating metal. As it lies lower than steel in the
electrochemical series at room temperature,
it forms a so-called cathodic protection and
is attacked first by corrosion. With a chromated
surface the onset of corrosion can be significantly delayed. The most effective is yellow
chromating, which should always be chosen
over clear chromating.

Nickel is resistant to a large number of

media and is frequently used as a coating
metal. It is placed higher than steel in the
electrochemical series, i.e. in the case of the
formation of a local element (e.g. at a damaged point in the nickel coating) nickel acts
as a cathode and the base metal is attacked.
For this reason the nickel must always be a
dense, non-porous coating.

Cadmium also offers very good corrosion

protection, but is only rarely used now for
environmental protection reasons.

46

Electroplating
With electroplating virtually any metal can be
precipitated as a surface coating. However,
when treating high-tensile steels such as
those always used for disc springs and lock
washers the danger of hydrogen embrittlement cannot be excluded with the current
state of technology. Post plating bake is also
no guarantee that this risk is completely

Mechanical or Peen Plating

With this process the parts to be treated are
moved in a barrel together with peening bodies, e.g. glass beads, and a so-called promoter
and the coating metal (preferably zinc) is
added in powdered form. This powder is
deposited on the surface and is compacted by
the peening bodies. An even, mat coating
results, which can then be chromated like a

Metal Spray
This treatment is primarily for disc springs
with diameters above 150 mm which cannot
be mechanically zinc plated. As a rule, sprayed
zinc coatings are relatively thick and have a
granular surface which also makes them

eliminated. Therefore, we only use electroplating if it is specified as mandatory or there

is no other alternative.
Designation of a galvanically produced
8 m thick zinc coating with transparent
chromating is: Surface coating as per
DIN 50961 Fe/Zn 8 cB.

galvanic coating. The usual layer thickness is

8 m, however thicknesses of up to 40 m are
possible. It is of particular importance that no
hydrogen embrittlement can occur when the
process is carried out properly.
Designation of a mechanically applied
8 mm thick zinc coating with yellow chromating is: Surface coating mech Zn 8 cC.

excellently suited as a base for paints. However, the adhesion is inferior to mechanical
zinc coating and it may become delaminated
during dynamic loading.

Chemical Nickel Plating

47

With this treatment, also known as electroless nickeling, a nickel-phosphor alloy is

precipitated onto the surface with a chemical
method. This results in a thick, hard layer

with sharp contours and outstanding corrosion and abrasion resistance. The coating is
usually applied in layers with a thickness of
15 30 m.

Dacromet Coating
This is an inorganic silver-grey metallic coating of zinc and aluminium flakes in a chromatic compound. The parts are treated in a
barrel or on racks and the coating then baked
on at over 280C. Dacromet-treated springs

exhibit excellent resistance in a salt spray

test. With the usual processing technology
there is absolutely no possibility of hydrogen
embrittlement.

48

Tolerances
Chapter 5

49

Tolerances
5.1 Diameter Tolerances ................................................................................................ 51
5.2 Thickness Tolerances .............................................................................................. 52
5.3 Overall Height Tolerances ....................................................................................... 52
5.4 Load Tolerances ....................................................................................................... 52
Single Disc Springs ................................................................................................... 52
Spring Stacks ............................................................................................................ 53
5.5 Permissible Setting .................................................................................................. 54

50

Disc Springs Tolerances

The following maximum deviations are laid
down in DIN 2093. They are valid for all
SCHNORR disc springs as per the DIN and
our works standards. In general we also
apply these tolerances to special sizes, however, if they deviate greatly from the DIN
springs, wider tolerances must be specified.

This applies, for example, to our ball-bearing

disc springs (section 8.1 and 9.5). If closer
tolerances are required than those specified
in DIN 2093, please consult us.

5.1 Diameter Tolerances

For the outside diameter De, the tolerance
field h12 is applied, and for the inner diameter Di it is H12.
De or Di
[mm]

over 3 to 6
over 6 to 10
over 10 to 18
over 18 to 30
over 30 to 50
over 50 to 80
over 80 to 120
over 120 to 180
over 180 to 250
over 250 to 315
over 315 to 400
over 400 to 500

51

For the concentricity the tolerances applied are:

for De to 50 mm: 2 IT 11
for De over 50 mm: 2 IT 12

Permissible deviation in mm
De

Di

Concentricity

0 / 0.12
0 / 0.15
0 / 0.18
0 / 0.21
0 / 0.25
0 / 0.30
0 / 0.35
0 / 0.40
0 / 0.46
0 / 0.52
0 / 0.57
0 / 0.63

+0.12 / 0
+0.15 / 0
+0.18 / 0
+0.21 / 0
+0.25 / 0
+0.30 / 0
+0.35 / 0
+0.40 / 0
+0.46 / 0
+0.52 / 0
+0.57 / 0
+0.63 / 0

0.15
0.18
0.22
0.26
0.32
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.92
1.04
1.14
1.26

Tolerances

5.2 Thickness Tolerances

Tolerances allowed in DIN 2093 are as follows:
t or t

Tolerance for t

[mm]

[mm]

Group 1

0.2 to 0.6
> 0.6 to < 1.25

+0.02/0.06
+0.03/0.09

Group 2

1.25 to 3.8
> 3.8 to 6.0

+0.04/0.12
+0.05/0.15

Group 3

> 6.0 to 16.0

+0.10/0.10

For springs in group 3 the tolerance is applied to the reduced thickness t.

We use the thickness to ensure that spring
loads are within tolerance and therefore will in
some cases deviate from the above figures.

5.3 Overall Height Tolerances

t

Tolerance for lo

[mm]
Group 1

[mm]

< 1.25

To ensure the specified spring forces, DIN

2093 allows the overall height tolerance to
be slightly exceeded.

+0.10/0.05

Group 2

1.25 to 2.0
> 2.0 to 3.0
> 3.0 to 6.0

+0.15/0.08
+0.20/0.10
+0.30/0.15

Group 3

> 6.0 to16.0

+0.30/0.30

5.4 Load Tolerances

Single Disc Springs
For single disc springs the following maximum deviations are allowed:
t
[mm]
Group 1 < 1.25
Group 1 < 1.25
Group 2
1.25 to 3.0
> 3.0 to 6.0
Group 3 > 6.0 to 16.0

Tolerances for F
at the test length
lP = l0 0.75 h0
+0.10/0.05
+25 % /7.5 %
+15 % /7.5 %
+10 % /5 %
+5 % /5 %

With a single spring the spring force must be

checked at the height l0 s. This should be
carried out with the spring pressed between
two lubricated, hardened, ground and polished plates. Measurements are always taken in loading direction.

52

`
For the determination of the variation between loading and unloading, a stack of 10
springs in single series is used. The stack is
fitted with a guide rod as described in section
6.3 and abutment plates inserted at both
ends as per section 5.4. Before testing, the

stack should be loaded with twice the spring

force F(s = 0.75 h ).
During unloading the measured spring
force at the length L0 7.5 h0 must at least
reach the percentage of the loading characteristic shown in the table (figure 28).
0

5
Figure 28
Test points on the loading/unloading characteristic curve

Series A

Series B

Series C

Group 1 min. 90% min. 90% min. 85%

Group 2 min. 92.5% min. 92.5% min. 87.5%
Group 3 min. 95% min. 95% min. 90%

53

Tolerances

5.5 Permissible Setting

All springs experience a loss of load or relaxation in the course of time, which is primarily dependent on the occurring stress
and the temperature-time curve. For disc
springs the stress distribution in the crosssection also plays a role determined by the
dimensional relationships and h0/t. The
relaxation can therefore be related to stress
OM, because it best reflects all other influences. Depending on the installation situation, the load loss may occur as creeping or

relaxation. Creeping is described as a loss of

length l which the spring suffers under a
constant load F, and relaxation as a loss in
load F if the spring is installed at a constant
length l. Approximate values for the permissible relaxation of disc springs under static
loads are provided in figure 29 and 30. If
working temperatures above 100C occur,
we recommend you contact our Technical
department.

Figure 29
Permissible relaxation
for disc springs of
Ck steel

Figure 30
Permissible relaxation
for disc springs of
chrome and chromevanadium-alloy steel as
per DIN 17 221 and
DIN 17 222.

54

Chapter 6

Application

55

Application
6.1 Spring Stacks and their Features ........................................................................... 57
6.2 Alignment of Spring Stacks ..................................................................................... 57
6.3 Guide Clearance ....................................................................................................... 58
6.4 Guide Elements and Abutments .............................................................................. 59
6.5 Friction ..................................................................................................................... 60
Causes of Friction ..................................................................................................... 60
The Magnitude and Factors Influencing Friction ....................................................... 61
Calculation of Friction as per DIN 2092 .................................................................... 62
Lubrication ................................................................................................................ 64
The Effects of Friction ............................................................................................... 64

56

6.1 Spring Stacks and their Features

The best spring arrangement is the one which
uses the least number of individual springs.
In order to achieve this goal, the outside
diameter should always be as large as possible. This automatically keeps the stack length
short.

With an increasing number of disc springs,

the friction and the uneven deflection of
individual discs within the stack increases.
We recommend L0 < 3 De as the approximate
stack length. If it is not possible to avoid a
longer stack, then it should be divided into 2
or possibly 3 partial stacks with suitable
washers. These washers should be guided
as exactly as possible (figure 31).
In order to keep the friction within reasonable limits, no more than 2 or 3 springs
should be stacked in parallel unless a large
friction loss is expressly desired. Particularly in the case of dynamic loading, considerable warming must be expected with 2 or
more springs in parallel. Whenever possible,
the abutments of a disc spring stack should
contact the outside diameter, however this is
only possible at both abutments with an even
number of individual springs or spring sets.
6

Figure 31
Division of a long spring stack

6.2 Alignment of Spring Stacks

Within a spring stack the disc springs do not
always move evenly (figure 32).
This naturally leads to overloading at one
end of the stack with consequential reduction in fatigue life. This is also the reason
why, with dynamic loads, the first breaks
occur at an end of the spring stack in most
cases. Therefore, we recommend that the
spring stack be aligned on the guide rod with
a vee bar and then maintained in position
with a light preload. After alignment the
spring stack should not be completely relaxed. This procedure has been found most
satisfactory in practice for minimizing friction in spring stacks. If it is not possible to

57

align the stack for design reasons, the stack

should be compressed flat once or twice.
This also has the effect of centralising the
springs and reducing friction.
The friction is usually somewhat less in a
vertically arranged stack than in the horizontal installation position. It is therefore better
to have long stacks arranged vertically rather
than horizontally.
With a dynamically loaded stack there is
a running in period during which the friction
is reduced, especially with multiple layering.
The reason for this is a certain smoothing
effect at both the contact edges and the
touching spring flanks.

Application

Figure 32
Example of the uneven
deflection within a
spring stack

6.3 Guide Clearance

Disc springs always need a guide element to
prevent lateral movement. The guide can be
on the outside De or the inside Di of the
springs, but inside guidance on a bolt or
shaft is preferred to the outside guidance in a
sleeve, because it offers design and economic
advantages.
For the clearance between the guide and
the spring DIN 2093 recommends the following values.

Di or De
to 16 mm
over 16 to 20 mm
over 20 to 26 mm
over 26 to 31.5 mm
over 31.5 to 50 mm
over 50 to 80 mm
over 80 to 140 mm
over 140 to 250 mm

Clearance
0.2 mm
0.3 mm
0.4 mm
0.5 mm
0.6 mm
0.8 mm
1.0 mm
1.6 mm

58

These values represent the difference in

the diameters. Under certain conditions this
guide clearance can be reduced, e.g. with
high-speed spindles.
In order to avoid jamming of the individual disc springs on the guide bolt or in the
guide sleeve, the spring cross-sections must
be designed to be rectangular (figure 33). All
four corners are slightly rounded with a
radius of approximately t/8.

Figure 33
With the rectangular spring cross section jamming at
the guide pin during deflection is prevented

On compression the spring cross-section turns

about a centre of rotation S on the diameter D0
(figure 33). If in the unloaded condition the
contact point of the spring on the guide is
below a horizontal through point S, there is
no reduction in the inside diameter. The
same holds true for an outside guide where
the contact point is above the horizontal. For
springs with a ratio of h0/t > 1 this is not
always the case and a reduction of the inner

diameter must be expected. However, this

reduction is mostly very small and with
standard springs is covered by the guide
clearance laid down in table on page 58. The
calculations to determine the variations in
the diameter are very easy today and we
recommend you contact our Technical department if you require additional information on this subject.

6.4 Guide Elements and Abutments

The guide elements and abutments should be
hardened if possible to a minimum of 55HRC
and a minimum case depth of 0.8 mm. The
surface of the guide rod should be smooth
and, if possible, ground. For dynamic applica-

59

tions we recommend lubrication with a high

pressure grease containing MoS2. For static
applications guides may be unhardened.

Application

6.5 Friction
Due to friction, the actual loads obtained
when loading and unloading the spring stack
may deviate from the figures calculated. These
variations are in many cases inconvenient,
but at times required for application reasons.

Therefore, it is often necessary to calculate

the friction and take this into consideration.

Causes of Friction
The total friction with disc spring stacks
arises because of 4 different components
(figure 34):
1. The internal friction through elastic deformation of the material. It occurs with
each deflection of the material and cannot
be altered.
2. Friction on the end abutments through
the radial movement between the spring
and the abutment surface. This only occurs with the end springs in the stack, as
there is no relative movement between
the other springs to each other.
3. Friction of the springs on the guide due to
axial movement of the springs during
deflection.
4. Friction between springs in the case of
parallel stacking.
The first three types of friction occur with
single springs and single series spring stacks.
It is therefore a fact that friction with disc
springs is always greater than with coil
springs.

Figure 34
Friction in disc springs

60

The Magnitude and Factors Influencing Friction

The amount of friction depends on very many factors:
Geometric factors:

Shape of the cross section

Radii on the corners
Amount of guide clearance
Surface roughness of the springs and
guide elements

Material factors:

Material of the springs and guide elements

Hardness of the springs and guide elements
Surface protection of the springs
Type of lubricant

Assembly factors:
Number of parallel stacked springs
Length of the spring stack
Load dependant factors:
Length of spring stroke
Speed of loading (frequency)
6
The value of the different factors on the total
friction varies considerably from case to
case and we can only give the following
indications:
The geometric factors have already been
mentioned in section 6.3. A frequently underrated influence is the surface treatment.
For example, zinc plated springs have less
friction than those phosphated. With parallel
stacking the greatest friction is between the
springs, with an increase in proportion to the
number of parallel springs. This can, however,

61

be reduced by means of a suitable grease (see

page 64).
It is known from experience that relatively
large deflection s/h0 or (s2 s1)/h0 cause
more friction than smaller deflections. These
factors should all be considered for high
frequency spring applications. Because of
the large number of influences, it is not
possible to derive an exact calculation for
friction in disc spring stacks.

Application
However, from many tests with various spring
sizes a figure has been derived of 2.5% per
parallel spring (+ loading, unloading). This
results in the following values:
Influence of friction on spring load
1 single spring

2... 3 %

2 in parallel

4... 6 %

3 in parallel

6... 9 %

4 in parallel

8...12 %

5 in parallel

10...15 %

Figure 35 shows the principal load variations

for one to 4 springs in parallel.
Figure 35
Influence of friction on spring force for various parallel
stackings

Calculation of Friction as per DIN 2092

DIN 2092, Issue 1/92 gives a method of
calculating the friction FR on spring load.
This omits the internal friction and the friction on the guide rod (section 6.5 Nos. 1
and 3). This must be obtained through an
additional calculation. The values below for
surface and edge friction to DIN 2092 give a
relatively wide range.
Therefore, it is our opinion that, although
this process is theoretically correct, in the
end it does not provide any better results
than the consideration of the friction with a
simple, percentile addition. For completeness we have shown this calculation method
below.
The following formula applies:

Formula 26

Where:
F
n
wM
wR

=
=
=
=
=
=

Calculated spring load to formula 7

Number of springs in parallel
Coefficient of surface friction
Coefficient of edge friction
On loading
On unloading

With n = 1 formula 26 describes relationships for a single spring between 2 flat plates.
For the friction coefficients wM and wR, DIN
2092 gives the following values:

62

Series par DIN 2093

wM

Series A
Series B
Series C

0.03...0.05
0.02...0.04
0.01...0.03

0.005...0.030
0.003...0.020
0.002...0.015

wR

When calculated with these values, formula

26 provides the following numbers, which
are considerably easier to understand:
Alteration of the calculated spring load through the friction is in %.
+ = Increase in load when loading / = Reduction in load when unloading
n=1
+5.26

n=2

n=3

+3.63... +8.70

+4.17...+12.36

Series A

+3.09...
2.91...

4.76

3.38... 7.41

3.85... 9.91

Series B

+2.04...

+4.17

+2.35... +6.38

+2.67... +8.70

1.96...

3.85

2.25... 5.66

2.53... 7.41

Series C

+1.01...

+3.09

+1.21... +4.71

+1.42... +6.38

0.99...

2.91

1.19... 4.31

1.38... 5.66

These results are presented in figure 36.

6

Figure 36
Friction for disc springs
as per DIN 2092

63

Application
Lubrication
The large variation in figure 36 shows the
influence of lubrication on the friction. The
choice of the correct lubricant is therefore
often of decisive influence. As well as reducing friction, it can prevent galling of one
spring on another when stacked in parallel.
Similarly, it can help prevent corrosion. The
lubricants which may be used are:
Oil is frequently used for springs in machine
construction, especially with central lubrication or an assured continuous oil supply.

Grease is more suitable if relubrication is

difficult or cannot be done on a regular basis.
Slip paints are based on MoS2 and are an
elegant solution to providing permanent
lubrication. It also provides a high degree of
corrosion resistance.

The Effects of Friction

Friction mainly affects the deflection of the
spring, i.e. it modifies the spring loads. It
must be added when loading the spring and
subtracted when the spring is unloaded.
Between the actual loading and unloading
curve there is a hysteresis loop. The effect of
the number of parallel springs on the hysteresis is shown in figure 35. This frictional
work is turned into heat and with high

frequency dynamic loading this can be considerable. In such cases, single stacked disc
springs should be prefered and good lubrication is essential.
With spring energy storage the hysteresis
is a total loss and cannot be recovered.
However, with springs for damping, this
hysteresis effect is useful and the frictional
work is a measure of the damping.

64

Materials
Chapter 7

65

Materials
7.1 General Requirements ............................................................................................. 67
7.2 Standard Materials ................................................................................................... 68
C 60 and C 75 ......................................................................................................... 68
Ck 67, Ck 75 and Ck 85 ........................................................................................... 68
50 CrV 4 .................................................................................................................. 68
7.3 Materials for Special Requirements ........................................................................ 68
Corrosion Resistant Steels ......................................................................................... 68
X 12 CrNi 17 7 ........................................................................................................ 68
X 7 CrNiAl 17 7 ..................................................................................................... 69
X 5 CrNiMo 17 12 2 .............................................................................................. 69
Steels for Higher Temperatures ................................................................................. 69
X 22 CrMoV 12 1 .................................................................................................... 69
X 39 CrMo 17-1 ...................................................................................................... 70
X 30 WCrV 5 3 ........................................................................................................ 70
Copper Alloys ............................................................................................................ 70
CuSn 8 .................................................................................................................... 70
CuBe 2 .................................................................................................................... 70
Nickel and Cobalt Alloys ............................................................................................ 70
NIMONIC 90 ............................................................................................................ 71
INCONEL X 750 and INCONEL 718 ......................................................................... 71
7.4 Table of Material Properties ................................................................................... 72

66

7.1 General Requirements

The essential of a spring is that it has the
quality to react to loading by elastic deformation. Therefore, materials with high elasticity
are necessary. As in each case a small design
is desired, spring materials should have the
highest tensile strength and a high elastic
limit.
In addition to high strain in the elastic
region, there must also be sufficient plasticity.
This allows the manufacture of cold formed
springs which will not break through the
greatest unforeseen overloading.
Moreover, a high fatigue limit is required
which is however not a characteristic value
of the material as, for example, the tensile
strength. For a high fatigue strength, a high
degree of purity, a homogenous structure
and a smooth carbon-free surface are presupposed.
These requirements are fulfilled very well
by steel, therefore most springs are made of
steel. Apart from this there will be the requi-

rement in some cases for corrosion resistance, heat resistance or anti-magnetic properties where special materials will be required.
An important property of spring material
is Youngs Modulus (E). From this material
constant is derived a linear relationship between load and deflection. The E of steel is
practically not affected by heat treatment,
but it is temperature dependent and this
must be taken into consideration at higher
working temperatures (figure 37).

Figure 37
Temperature dependence
of E and related reduction in load

67

Materials
Materials for disc springs are principally
supplied in the following forms:

Cold rolled strip as per DIN EN 10140

Hot rolled strip as per DIN 1016
Plate as per DIN EN10029
Forgings as per DIN 7521 and 7526

In the tables on pages 72 to 75 list the

properties of all the materials from which
disc springs are manufactured. The following notes give clarification of this.

7.2 Standard Materials

C 60 and C 75: Both types are quality steels
as per DIN 17222. We use them for our
Original Schnorr Safety Washers and Load
Washers as per DIN 6796 where the loading
is only static.
Ck 67, Ck 75 and Ck 85: These high grade
steels as per DIN 17222 are used for cold
formed springs to group 1. For lightly loaded
springs, for example our K springs for
preloading ball bearings, these materials can
be processed in the spring-hard condition.

50 CrV 4 (1.8159): This is a chrome

vanadium refined alloy steel of the highest
quality. It is available in cold rolled form as
per DIN 17222, hot rolled and forgings as per
DIN 17221 for the manufacture of disc
springs. It has very good through-hardening
capability and is therefore suitable for making springs up to 50 mm thick. The relaxation
is less than for non-alloyed steel (see section
5.5), which allows use up to 250C (with a
suitable reduction in load).

7.3 Materials for Special Requirements

Special requirements such as corrosive or
high temperature enviroments often require
the use of materials designed for these applications. These materials, in general, have lower tensile strength than standard materials
and should only be specified, if absolutely

necessary. These springs have a lower overall height than comparable sizes made of
standard materials resulting in lower spring
force. This must be taken into consideration
using these materials.

Corrosion Resistant Steels

X 12 CrNi 17 7 (1.4310): This chrome
nickel alloyed steel as per DIN 17224 is the
material most used for corrosion resistant
springs. Because of its austenitic structure
with ferritic inclusions, it cannot be hardened in the usual way, but by cold forming it can
obtain the strength required for disc springs.
Considerable cold forming is necessary and
the strength reduces with increasing thick-

ness. Therefore, the material is normally not

available thicker than 2.5 mm. In fact, springs
can only be supplied to this thickness. Whereas the material in the soft condition is hardly
magnetic, the cold working process will make
it more or less magnetic again, making it
unsuitable for completely non-magnetic
springs.

68

 X 7 CrNiAl 17 7 (1.4568): This steel as per

DIN 17224 precipitation hardened produces
an austenitic/ferritic structure. It will also be
processed in the work hardened condition
and may be hardened by subsequent heat
treatment. A disadvantage compared to steel
1.4310 is the lower corrosion resistance
and sensitivity to stress corrosion. We therefore only recommend its use for springs
over 2.5 mm thickness if no other material
is available.

X 5 CrNiMo 17 12 2 (1.4401): The strength

of this material is somewhat less than either
of the two forgoing. Not withstanding that it
offers higher corrosion resistance and lowest magnetism. Although also contained in
DIN 17224, it is often difficult to obtain and
therefore only seldom used.

Steels for Higher Temperatures

When considering springs for use at higher
working temperatures it must be remembered that both tensile strength and Youngs
modulus E are reduced compared with the
values at room temperature. .
X 22 CrMoV 12 1 (1.4923): This heat
treatable chrome-molybdenum steel has been
used very successfully for heat resistant disc
springs. Springs of 1.5 to 6 mm thickness

are made from strip or plate. For thicker

springs, forged rings can be used.
Figure 38 shows the mechanical properties and Youngs modulus E with respect to
temperature. It should be noted that with a
chrome content of 12% this steel is not
corrosion resistant.

Figure 38
Yield stress and
E modulus of steel
X 22 CrMoV 12 1 with
respect to temperature.

69

Materials
X 39 CrMo 17-1 (1.4122): Here we have a
chrome-molybdenum alloyed heat treatable
martensitic steel which is also suitable for
corrosion resistant springs. Because of the
molybdenum it may be used up to 400C.
However, at these temperatures both the
tensile strength and E are reduced.
In order to achieve the required properties, this steel must be hardened to higher
values which raises the question of stress
corrosion. Unfortunately, in the light of cur-

rent technical knowledge we cannot completely discount the possibility of delayed

brittle fracture.
X 30 WCrV 5 3 (1.2567, 1.8242): This heat
treatable tungsten (wolfram) alloyed steel is
suitable for hot working which makes it most
useful for the manufacture of larger heat
resistant springs. The tungsten steels are
more and more replaced by other alloys, so
procurement will become increasingly difficult.

Copper Alloys
Copper alloys are absolutely non-magnetic
and have very good electric conductivity.
Moreover, they are corrosion-resistant
against many media. These characteristics
make them suitable for many disc spring
applications.
CuSn 8 (2.1030): Tin bronze as per DIN
17670 is an alloy of copper and tin, which
obtains its spring properties from cold working. The tensile strength is certainly lower
than spring steel and the E modulus is only
55% of the value for steel. This must be
considered in the spring calculation and allows their use in applications where very low
spring loads are required.

CuBe 2 (2.1247): Beryllium copper is an

outstanding spring material. This heat treatable alloy has strength values comparable
with steel. However, Youngs modulus E is
only 60% of that for steel. It has very good
corrosion resistance and may be used at very
low temperatures nearing absolute zero.

Nickel and Cobalt Alloys

From the large number of nickel-chrome and
nickel-chrome-cobalt based alloys some have
achieved importance for disc springs. By
alloying with aluminium, titanium and/or
niobium/tantalum they are precipitation hardenable. These materials are very tough, that
is to say they have high strength and a low
elastic ratio. Therefore, the probability of
more set in the spring must be considered.
Against this are the outstanding fatigue pro-

perties. With correct spring proportions this

is good over the total spring travel. Because
of the material composition they have outstanding corrosion resistance to many media. All these alloys are very expensive and
often hard to work, and as a rule have long
deliveries. They are therefore only used
where no other material is suitable due to
technical considerations.

70

 NIMONIC 90 (2.4632, 2.4969): These

nickel-chrome-cobalt alloy gives the least
problems in processing and is therefore the
most often used. It has very good heat resistance and can be used up to 700C with
suitable dimensioning.
INCONEL X 750 (2.4669) and INCONEL
718 (2.4668): These nickel-chrome alloys
are practically cobalt-free, and are therefore
used in reactor applications. The hardening
process is difficult and expensive. The application is limited and only used in special
cases. NIMONIC and INCONEL are trade
names of Inco Alloys International.

DURATHERM 600: This is a heat treatable

alloy of the cobalt-nickel series with outstanding mechanical properties. At a temperature of 0C the material is non-magnetic. It
can be used at very high temperatures (600C
and over). The very high price of this alloy
limits its use to very special applications.
DURATHERM is a trade name of Vacuumschmelze GmbH in Hanau.

71

Materials

7.4 Table of Material Properties

Short Name
Mat.-No. Standard
Steel for Normal Applications
Quality Steel
C 60
1.0601 DIN 17222
C 75
1.0605 DIN 17222
Refined Steel
Ck 67
1.1231 DIN 17222
Ck 75
1.1248 DIN 17222
Ck 85
1.1269 DIN 17222
50 CrV 4
1.8159 DIN 17222
DIN 17221
Corrosion Resistant Steel
X 12 CrNi 17 7
1.4310 DIN 17224
X 7 CrNiAl 17 7
1.4568 DIN 17224
X 5 CrNiMo 17 12 21.4401 DIN 17224
Heat Resistant Steel
21 CrMoV 5 7
1.7709 DIN 17240
X 22 CrMoV 12 1 1.4923 DIN 17240
X 39 CrMo 17-1 1.4122 EN 10088-2
X 30 WCrV 5 3
1.2567
1.8242
Copper Alloys
CuSn 8
2.1030 DIN 17662
DIN 17670
CuBe 2
2.1247 DIN 17666
DIN 17670
Nickel and Cobalt Alloys
Nimonic 90
2.4632 (LW)
2.4969
Inconel X 750
2.4669
Inconel 718
2.4668
Duratherm 600

Nickel and Cobalt Alloys (contd.)

Nimonic 90
2.4632 (LW)
2.4969
Inconel X 750
2.4669
Inconel 718
2.4668
Duratherm 600

Chemical Analysis in %
C
Si
Mn

P max.

S max.

0.57...0.65 0.15...0.35 0.60...0.90 0.045

0.70...0.80 0.15...0.35 0.60...0.80 0.045

0.045
0.045

0.65...0.72
0.70...0.80
0.80...0.90
0.47...0.55
0.47...0.55

0.15...0.35
0.15...0.35
0.15...0.35
0.15...0.40
0.15...0.40

0.60...0.90
0.60...0.80
0.45...0.65
0.70...1.10
0.70...1.10

0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.030

0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.030

max. 0.12 max. 1.5

max. 0.09 max. 1.0
max. 0.07 max. 1.0

max. 2.0
max. 1.0
max. 2.0

0.045
0.045
0.045

0.030
0.030
0.030

0.17...0.25
0.18...0.24
0.33...0.45
0.25...0.35

0.15...0.35
0.10...0.50
max. 1.0
0.15...0.30

0.35...0.85
0.30...0.80
max. 1.5
0.20...0.40

0.030
0.035
0.040
0.035

0.035
0.035
0.015
0.035

Sn
7.5...9.0

P
0.01...0.4

Be

Ni + Co

Cu
Balance

1.8...2.1

0.2...0.6

Balance

Ni
Balance

Cr
Co
Ti
18.0...21.0 15.0...21.0 2.0...3.0

Al
1.0...2.0

70.0 min.
50.0...55.0
Balance
S
0.015 max.

14.0...17.0
17.0...21.0
12
P

0.40...1.00
0.3...0.7
0.7
Mo

1.0 max.
1.0 max.
41.5
B
0.02 max.

2.25...2.75
0.70...1.15
2
Nb + Ta

0.01 max. 0.015 max.

0.7...1.2
0.015 max. 0.015 max. 0.006 max. 4.8...5.5

2.8...3.3
4

72

Cr

Mo

Ni

0.90...1.20
0.90...1.20

0.10...0.20
0.10...0.20

16.0...18.0
16.0...18.0
16.5...18.5

max. 0.8

2.0...2.5

6.0...9.0
6.5...7.75
10.5...13.5

1.20...1.50
11.0...12.5
15.5...17.5
2.20...2.50

0.25...0.35
0.25...0.35

0.50...0.70

0.65...0.80
0.80...1.20
0.8...1.3

0.30...0.80
max. 1.0
W: 4.00...4.50

C
0.13 max.

Si
1.0 max.

Mn
1.0 max.

Fe
1.5 max.

Cu
0.2 max.

Zr
0.15 max.

0.08 max.
0.02...0.08

0.50 max.
0.35 max.

1.0 max. 5.0...9.0

0.35 max. Balance

8.7

0.5 max.
0.2 max.

3.9

73

Materials

Short Name

Mat.-No. Standard

Steel for Normal Applications

Quality Steel
C 60
1.0601 DIN 17222
C 75
1.0605 DIN 17222
Refined Steel
Ck 67
1.1231 DIN 17222
Ck 75
1.1248 DIN 17222
Ck 85
1.1269 DIN 17222
50 CrV 4
1.8159 DIN 17222
DIN 17221
Corrosion Resistant Steel
X 12 CrNi 17 7
1.4310 DIN 17224
X 7 CrNiAl 17 7 1.4568 DIN 17224
X 5 CrNiMo 17 12 2 1.4401 DIN 17224
Heat Resistant Steel
21 CrMoV 5 7
1.7709 DIN 17240
X 22 CrMoV 12 1 1.4923 DIN 17240
X 39 CrMo 17-1 1.4122 EN 10088-2
X 30 WCrV 5 3 1.2567
1.8242
Copper Alloys
CuSn 8
2.1030 DIN 17670
DIN 17662
CuBe 2
2.1247 DIN 17670
DIN 17666
Nickel and Cobalt Alloys
Nimonic 90
2.4632 (LW)
2.4969
Inconel X 750
2.4669
Inconel 718
2.4668
Duratherm 600

Physical and Mechanical Properties

Density E-modulus in kN/mm2
Kg/dm3 at RT
100
200
300
C
C
C

400
C

7.85
7.85

206
206

202
202

7.85
7.85
7.85
7.85

206
206
206
206

202
202
202
202

196

7.90
7.90
7.95

190
195
185

186
190
181

180
180
176

171

7.85
7.7
7.7
8.2

206
209
209
206

199
202
205
202

191
194
199
196

182
184
192
189

173
181
178

8.8

115

110

8.8

135

131

125

8.18

220

216

208

202

193

8.28
8.19
8.50

214
199
220

207
195
215

198
190
208

190
185
202

179
179
195

74

600
C

Working
Temperature
C

20...+100
20...+100

11801680
13201870

0.2...7.0
0.2...7.0

easy
easy

20...+100
20...+100
20...+100
50...+200

12301770
13201870
14001950
14002000

0.1...2.5
0.1...1.5
0.1...1.5
0.3...80

easy
easy
easy
easy

200...+200
200...+300
200...+200

11001500
11001800
9501500

0.2...2.5
0.2...4.0
0.2...1.6

easy
less easy
difficult

162

50...+350
50...+500
50...+400
50...+450

12001400
12001400
12001400

2.0...8.0
1.5...20
0.3...6.0
8.0...20

less easy
easy
easy
less easy

260...+100

590690

0.1...6.0

easy

260...+200

12701450

0.1...2.5

easy

187

178

200...+700

1100

to 6.35

difficult

170
174
188

158
167

200...+600
200...+600
200...+550

1170
1240
11501550

to 6.35
to 6.35
0.1...2.0

difficult
difficult
difficult

500
C

Tensile
Strength
N/mm2

Thickness
range
mm

Availability

The values quoted for E-modulus and tensile strength are for reference only.
The range of working temperature and thickness only serve as an indication.
The heat treatment and the hardness of disc springs made from heat resistant steels is
deviating from the standards mentioned above.

75

76

Special Types
Chapter 8

77

Special Types
8.1 Disc Springs for Preloading Bearings ..................................................................... 79
8.2 Slotted Disc Springs ................................................................................................. 79
8.3 Disc Springs with Trapezoidal Cross-Section ........................................................ 80

78

8.1 Disc Springs for Preloading Bearings

With every ball bearing there is radial play so
it may function correctly. This radial play or
clearance can cause considerable noise at
high speeds. In many cases it is possible to
achieve a quiet running bearing assembly by
the use of a suitable disc spring to apply an
axial load to the bearing. Similarly, the springs
can be used to accommodate the build up of
tolerances or thermal movements within the
assembly. SCHNORR has, in close cooperation with SKF in Schweinfurt, designed a
special range of disc springs for this purpose
our K springs for ball bearings. In addition to the normal range slotted springs
are available up to a diameter of 95 mm. This
special design generates very small loads
and will accommodate large deflections

(section 9.5). We will be pleased to send our

special K Spring leaflet on request. Because of the different dimensions of these
springs compared with normal disc springs,
the load and dimensional tolerances of DIN
2093 (chapter 5) do not apply.
For the dimensions of K Disc Springs
please see section 9.5.

8.2 Slotted Disc Springs

The inclusion of slots on either the inner or
outer diameter creates a lever which works
on the unslotted portion of the spring. This
has the effect of reducing the spring load and
increasing the deflection (figure 39). The
resulting spring has a softer characteristic
with a large deflection and in proportion to
the outside diameter smaller spring loads. It

is most important with this type of spring

that the permissible stresses in the annular
portion are not exceeded and, if necessary,
the outside diameter must be increased to
compensate.

Figure 39
Slotted Disc Spring

79

Special Types
Taking these limitations and a few design
features into account, this type of spring has
many possible applications. The classic example is the automotive clutch spring. Notable are the slotted ball bearing preload
springs which give extremely low loads (see
section 8.1 and the dimension tables section
9.3).
The first approximation for the calculation of slotted disc springs can be achieved
by considering the lever arm and the formula
in section 1.2.

The loads generated depend to a large

extent on the shape of the slots or the corresponding fingers. The deflection of the fingers is only a small percentage of the total
deflection and can be ignored. An exact calculation is given in [7]. If you need to consider
the use of slotted Disc Springs we recommend you contact our Technical department
so the design and manufacture may be discussed.

8.3 Disc Springs with Trapezoidal Cross-Section

By the use of a trapezoidal cross-section it is
possible to equalise the stresses on the spring
upper and lower surfaces. The advantageous
tensile stresses on the lower surface contribute to a better fatigue life. The equal compressive stresses on the upper surface result
in more set. A similar distribution of the
tensile stresses at points II and III to give the
optimum fatigue life can also be achieved
with a rectangular cross-section spring if the
ratios and h0/t are correctly chosen [5] [6]. In
this regard therefore, the trapezoidal crosssection offers no advantages. Compared with
a standard spring having a similar angle on
the top surface, a trapezoidal spring will give
less deflection. This can be increased by
including intermediate rings, but these will

also increase the overall stack length and

require more space.
The main advantage of the trapezoidal
cross-section disc spring is the ability to
limit the stroke without additional parts. It is
therefore possible to design a spring which
is relatively fatigue free over the complete
deflection range with relatively little increase
in load towards the end of the stroke.
With the same installation space and under consideration of the permissible stresses, no more favourable spring data (more
force or more deflection) can be achieved
with disc springs with a trapezoidal crosssection than with springs with a square crosssection.
These few advantages and the higher
manufacturing costs are the reasons why the
trapezoidal disc spring is of no practical
importance today.

Figure 40
Disc Spring with
trapezoidal cross section

80

Chapter 9

Dimensional Tables

81

Dimensional Tables
9.1 Explanation of the Tables ........................................................................................ 83
Article Reference ....................................................................................................... 83
Load and stress specifications .................................................................................. 83
9.2 Dimension Tables for SCHNORR Disc Springs ......................................................... 84
9.3 Dimension Tables for Corrosion Resistant SCHNORR Disc Springs ....................... 98
9.4 Dimension Tables for Heat Resistant SCHNORR Disc Springs ............................. 108
9.5 Dimension Tables for SCHNORR K Disc Springs ............................................... 128
9.6 Dimension Tables for SCHNORR Z Disc Springs ................................................ 134

82

9.1 Explanation of the Tables

The following tables list the springs to DIN
2093 as well as those to Schnorr Works
Standards. Those to DIN 2093 are shown in
heavy type. The prefix A, B and C show the
corresponding series. All sizes are normally
kept in stock and the heavy type does not
indicate a better delivery.
The article number quoted is for normal
manufacture from spring steel with phosphate finish.

Figure 41
Cross section with main dimensions

Article Reference
Reference for a Disc Spring with De = 40 mm.
Di = 20.4 mm and t =1.5 mm:
Disc Spring 40 x 20.4 x 1.5
or for a spring to DIN 2093:
Disc Spring DIN 2093-B 40
or with the article number:
Disc Spring 012800
Load and stress specifications
The load and the corresponding stresses are
given for the four points s = 0.25 h 0,
s = 0.5 h0, s = 0.75 h0 and s = h0. This allows
the relevant graphs for load and stress to be
accurately drawn.
At s = 0.75 h0, DIN 2093 quotes rounded
values for the deflection s. Spring load F and
the corresponding stress s are calculated
exactly for the rounded values. The quoted
stress at s = 0.75 h0 is the tensile stress on

83

the underside at point II or III whichever is

the greater.
Static or infrequently loaded springs may
be compressed to the flat condition (see
section 2.1). It should be noted that from
s = 0.75 h0 the actual characteristic progressively increases from that calculated (see
sections 1.7 and figure 10).
For dynamic application the calculation in
section 2.2 must be completed. With the help
of the drawn graph for stress and the fatigue
life diagrams (figures 18 20) the expected
dynamic life may be obtained without calculation.
All values are based on a Youngs modulus E of 206000 N/mm2 with = 0.3 and are
therefore only valid for Disc Springs from
spring steel to DIN 17221 and DIN 17222
(e.g. 50 Cr V 4 or CK 67). The use of other
materials necessitates recalculation with the
correct value for Youngs modulus E. For
lower tensile strength the free height h0 and
the overall height l0 must be amended (see
chapters 1 and 2).
When considering the use of special sizes
or springs from special materials we recommend you leave the work to us. We will be
pleased to go through the necessary calculations quickly, at no cost and advise you of the
possibilities of manufacture.

Dimensional Tables

9.2 Dimension Tables for SCHNORR Disc Springs

Article
No.

000100
000200
000300
000400
000550
000600
000700
000800
000900
001000
001100
001200
001300
001400
001500
001600
001700
001800
001900
002000
002100
002200
002300
002050
002500
002700
002750
002800
002900
003000
003100
003200
003300
003500
003600

Ordering Dimensions

C
B
A

C
B
A

C
B
A
C
B
A

Weight/
1000 pcs.

De
[mm]

Di
[mm]

t
[mm]

l0
[mm]

h0
[mm]

h0/t

6
8
8
8
8
8
8
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
14
14
14
15
15
15
15
15
15

3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
4.2
4.2
4.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
4.2
4.2
5.2
5.2
5.2
4.2
4.2
4.2
5.2
5.2
6.2
6.2
5.2
6.2
6.2
6.2
7.2
7.2
7.2
5.2
5.2
5.2
5.2
6.2
6.2

0.3
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.4
0.5
0.25
0.4
0.5
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.35
0.5
0.7
0.35
0.5
0.8
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.5
0.6

0.45
0.4
0.55
0.6
0.45
0.55
0.6
0.65
0.7
0.75
0.7
0.75
0.55
0.7
0.75
0.8
0.85
1
0.9
0.95
0.85
0.95
0.85
0.8
0.85
1
0.8
0.9
1.1
0.95
1
1.05
1.1
1
1.05

0.15
0.20
0.25
0.20
0.25
0.25
0.20
0.35
0.30
0.25
0.30
0.25
0.30
0.30
0.25
0.40
0.35
0.40
0.40
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.45
0.35
0.30
0.45
0.40
0.30
0.55
0.50
0.45
0.40
0.50
0.45

0.50
1.00
0.83
0.50
1.25
0.83
0.50
1.17
0.75
0.50
0.75
0.50
1.20
0.75
0.50
1.00
0.70
0.67
0.80
0.58
0.70
0.58
0.70
1.29
0.70
0.43
1.29
0.80
0.38
1.38
1.00
0.75
0.57
1.00
0.75

[kg]

Stress
OM
at s = h0
[N/mm2]

0.044
0.064
0.093
0.126
0.055
0.080
0.107
0.157
0.211
0.266
0.193
0.243
0.109
0.170
0.214
0.297
0.374
0.450
0.345
0.415
0.310
0.373
0.382
0.251
0.346
0.488
0.308
0.425
0.676
0.468
0.588
0.708
0.828
0.553
0.665

1623
710
1332
1421
1003
1505
1605
1147
1311
1365
1384
1441
957
1531
1595
1228
1343
1841
1619
1700
1544
1853
1288
1250
1388
1666
1018
1293
1551
1079
1226
1324
1373
1275
1377
84

 6 15 mm

85

at s = 0.25 h0
s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

Deflection s, Load F and Stress

s = 0.50 h0
s 0.75 h0
s
F

s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2] [mm] [N] [N/mm2]

s = 1.00 h0
s
Fc

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

0.038
0.050
0.063
0.050
0.063
0.063
0.050
0.088
0.075
0.063
0.075
0.063
0.075
0.075
0.063
0.100
0.088
0.100
0.100
0.088
0.088
0.088
0.088
0.113
0.088
0.075
0.113
0.100
0.075
0.138
0.125
0.113
0.100
0.125
0.113

0.075
0.100
0.125
0.100
0.125
0.125
0.100
0.175
0.150
0.125
0.150
0.125
0.150
0.150
0.125
0.200
0.175
0.200
0.200
0.175
0.175
0.175
0.175
0.225
0.175
0.150
0.225
0.200
0.150
0.275
0.250
0.225
0.200
0.250
0.225

0.150 153 1753

0.200
30 733
0.250 126 1290
0.200 238 1832
0.250
42 1251
0.250 142 1621
0.200 269 1750
0.350 108 1158
0.300 220 1698
0.250 357 2028
0.300 232 1322
0.250 377 1803
0.300
63 1169
0.300 257 1591
0.250 418 1749
0.400 206 1205
0.350 352 1687
0.400 694 2358
0.400 424 1596
0.350 641 1990
0.350 404 1569
0.350 699 1795
0.350 337 1444
0.450 160 1542
0.350 363 1388
0.300 855 1957
0.450 131 1274
0.400 338 1363
0.300 1040 1836
0.550 181 1202
0.500 321 1199
0.450 499 1625
0.400 704 1865
0.500 334 1331
0.450 519 1307

45
12
46
69
21
52
78
51
75
104
79
110
30
88
122
85
116
224
150
196
134
214
111
84
120
239
68
120
284
101
133
171
214
138
178

343
233
401
365
409
501
343
378
285
410
405
359
380
485
343
385
293
421
493
372
475
531
245
506
420
403
418
419
390
401
383
269
358
424
400

84 750
20 433
79 750
130 792
33 753
89 938
147 749
82 697
133 663
195 884
140 760
206 778
48 702
155 912
228 749
141 714
208 671
405 954
263 923
361 828
239 894
394 1007
200 568
130 932
215 791
457 864
106 770
210 787
547 826
154 735
221 711
302 630
395 789
229 787
314 752

0.110
0.150
0.190
0.150
0.190
0.190
0.150
0.260
0.230
0.190
0.230
0.190
0.230
0.230
0.190
0.300
0.260
0.300
0.300
0.260
0.260
0.260
0.260
0.340
0.260
0.230
0.340
0.300
0.230
0.410
0.380
0.340
0.300
0.380
0.340

117
26
105
186
39
119
210
98
182
282
192
297
58
213
329
178
282
557
350
502
324
547
270
152
291
673
123
279
813
175
280
409
555
291
426

1187
600
1057
1281
1044
1325
1218
951
1168
1447
1084
1280
980
1303
1238
988
1122
1600
1291
1350
1249
1417
955
1284
1105
1419
1061
1101
1341
998
992
1093
1291
1100
1060

Dimensional Tables

15 22.5 mm
Article
No.

003700
003800
003900
004100
004300
004400
004500
004600
004700
004800
004900
005000
005100
005200
005300
005400
005500
005550
005600
005700
005800
005900
006000
006100
006200
006300
006400
006500
006600
006700
006800
006900
007000
007100
007200

Ordering Dimensions

C
B

C
B
A

C
B

C
B
A

Weight/
1000 pcs.

De
[mm]

Di
[mm]

t
[mm]

l0
[mm]

h0
[mm]

h0/t

15
15
15
16
16
16
16
16
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
22.5
22.5
22.5

6.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
6.2
6.2
6.2
6.2
6.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
9.2
9.2
9.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
10.2
10.2
10.2
10.2
10.2
10.2
10.2
11.2
11.2
11.2

0.7
0.7
0.8
0.4
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.5
0.7
0.8
1
0.45
0.7
1
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.5
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.25
1.5
0.6
0.8
1.25

1.1
1.1
1.2
0.9
1.05
1.15
1.2
1.25
1
1.1
1.2
1.25
1.3
1.1
1.25
1.3
1.4
1.05
1.2
1.4
1.3
1.35
1.4
1.45
1.55
1.15
1.35
1.45
1.55
1.55
1.75
1.8
1.4
1.45
1.75

0.40
0.40
0.40
0.50
0.45
0.45
0.40
0.35
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.55
0.50
0.60
0.55
0.50
0.40
0.60
0.50
0.40
0.70
0.65
0.60
0.55
0.55
0.65
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.45
0.50
0.30
0.80
0.65
0.50

0.57
0.57
0.50
1.25
0.75
0.64
0.50
0.39
1.50
1.20
1.00
0.79
0.63
1.20
0.79
0.63
0.40
1.33
0.71
0.40
1.17
0.93
0.75
0.61
0.55
1.30
0.69
0.61
0.55
0.41
0.40
0.20
1.33
0.81
0.40

[kg]

Stress
OM
at s = h0
[N/mm2]

0.778
0.654
0.740
0.444
0.672
0.786
0.888
1.002
0.677
0.850
1.024
1.197
1.353
0.762
1.073
1.213
1.524
0.651
0.999
1.418
1.191
1.393
1.574
1.776
1.978
0.876
1.394
1.573
1.752
1.913
2.181
2.610
1.361
1.799
2.814

1428
1646
1881
988
1333
1555
1580
1555
816
1021
1225
1310
1361
1101
1412
1468
1468
1052
1363
1558
1202
1302
1373
1416
1574
1024
1386
1560
1733
1560
1969
1418
1178
1276
1534
86

87

at s = 0.25 h0
s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

Deflection s, Load F and Stress

s = 0.50 h0
s 0.75 h0
s
F

s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2] [mm] [N] [N/mm2]

s = 1.00 h0
s
Fc

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

0.100
0.100
0.100
0.125
0.113
0.113
0.100
0.088
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.138
0.125
0.150
0.138
0.125
0.100
0.150
0.125
0.100
0.175
0.163
0.150
0.138
0.138
0.163
0.138
0.138
0.138
0.113
0.125
0.075
0.200
0.163
0.125

0.200
0.200
0.200
0.250
0.225
0.225
0.200
0.175
0.300
0.300
0.300
0.275
0.250
0.300
0.275
0.250
0.200
0.300
0.250
0.200
0.350
0.325
0.300
0.275
0.275
0.325
0.275
0.275
0.275
0.225
0.250
0.150
0.400
0.325
0.250

0.400
0.400
0.400
0.500
0.450
0.450
0.400
0.350
0.600
0.600
0.600
0.550
0.500
0.600
0.550
0.500
0.400
0.600
0.500
0.400
0.700
0.650
0.600
0.550
0.550
0.650
0.550
0.550
0.550
0.450
0.500
0.300
0.800
0.650
0.500

222
256
367
84
172
254
308
363
85
130
191
236
286
140
255
309
425
121
233
451
214
262
315
374
494
141
304
412
544
548
890
857
240
306
693

328
479
523
399
420
461
343
386
319
350
382
253
333
417
434
292
388
440
421
382
432
416
398
311
374
422
421
452
484
379
484
427
488
412
383

411 727
474 909
689 997
131 735
304 790
461 871
579 749
697 820
126 583
206 646
317 708
414 600
523 745
222 769
446 815
564 660
814 824
186 809
417 792
865 814
342 797
442 775
557 748
685 696
917 823
219 776
547 793
754 856
1010 920
1050 809
1708 1030
1695 877
370 897
533 771
1330 815

0.300
0.300
0.300
0.380
0.340
0.340
0.300
0.260
0.450
0.450
0.450
0.410
0.380
0.450
0.410
0.380
0.300
0.450
0.380
0.300
0.530
0.490
0.450
0.410
0.410
0.490
0.410
0.410
0.410
0.340
0.380
0.230
0.600
0.490
0.380

578
666
982
155
412
641
825
1004
139
245
400
550
733
265
594
791
1181
214
572
1254
413
570
751
949
1288
254
745
1045
1418
1531
2507
2576
425
710
1952

1195
1291
1423
1018
1115
1238
1218
1287
791
885
980
1034
1256
1056
1135
1124
1309
1106
1126
1295
1103
1080
1048
1147
1336
1067
1112
1206
1300
1301
1665
1381
1227
1083
1316

733
844
1261
165
503
798
1059
1319
137
267
462
672
912
288
725
984
1537
223
699
1631
453
668
921
1201
1648
268
929
1323
1815
1976
3222
3340
444
855
2509

1734
1624
1800
1220
1377
1539
1749
1831
944
1070
1195
1580
1803
1279
1412
1624
1842
1333
1387
1826
1327
1320
1300
1690
1944
1283
1394
1520
1646
1821
2310
1843
1478
1335
1825

Dimensional Tables

23 31.5 mm
Article
No.

007400
007500
007600
007700
007800
007900
008000
008100
008200
008350
008600
008700
008800
008900
009000
009100
009200
009300
009400
009500
009600
009700
009800
009900
010000
010100
010200
010300
010400
010500
010650
010700
010800
010900
011000

Ordering Dimensions

C
B

C
B
A

C
B
A

Weight/
1000 pcs.

De
[mm]

Di
[mm]

t
[mm]

l0
[mm]

h0
[mm]

h0/t

23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
25
25
25
25
25
25
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
31.5
31.5
31.5
31.5
31.5
31.5
31.5
31.5

8.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
10.2
10.2
10.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
10.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
10.2
10.2
10.2
10.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
14.2
14.2
14.2
14.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
16.3
16.3
16.3
16.3
16.3

0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.9
1
1.25
1
1.25
1.5
1
0.7
0.9
1
1.25
1.5
0.8
1
1.25
1.5
1
1.25
1.5
0.8
1
1.25
1.5
1
1.25
1.5
0.8
1.25
1.5
1.75
2

1.5
1.55
1.6
1.7
1.65
1.7
1.9
1.6
1.85
2
1.75
1.6
1.6
1.8
1.95
2.05
1.75
1.9
2.05
2.2
1.95
2.1
2.25
1.8
1.8
2.1
2.15
2.1
2.2
2.35
1.85
2.15
2.4
2.45
2.75

0.80
0.75
0.70
0.70
0.75
0.70
0.65
0.60
0.60
0.50
0.75
0.90
0.70
0.80
0.70
0.55
0.95
0.90
0.80
0.70
0.95
0.85
0.75
1.00
0.80
0.85
0.65
1.10
0.95
0.85
1.05
0.90
0.90
0.70
0.75

1.14
0.94
0.78
0.70
0.83
0.70
0.52
0.60
0.48
0.33
0.75
1.29
0.78
0.80
0.56
0.37
1.19
0.90
0.64
0.47
0.95
0.68
0.50
1.25
0.80
0.68
0.43
1.10
0.76
0.57
1.31
0.72
0.60
0.40
0.38

[kg]

Stress
OM
at s = h0
[N/mm2]

1.939
2.192
2.472
2.753
2.270
2.527
3.172
2.255
2.807
3.359
3.105
1.994
2.543
2.832
3.526
4.219
3.233
4.062
5.057
6.051
3.789
4.717
5.645
2.760
3.468
4.317
5.166
5.035
6.268
7.501
3.442
5.384
6.443
7.546
8.605

1173
1257
1320
1466
1500
1556
1806
1467
1834
1834
1371
1238
1238
1573
1720
1622
1078
1277
1419
1490
1415
1583
1676
1282
1282
1702
1562
1250
1349
1448
1077
1442
1730
1570
1923
88

89

at s = 0.25 h0
s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

Deflection s, Load F and Stress

s = 0.50 h0
s 0.75 h0
s
F

s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2] [mm] [N] [N/mm2]

s = 1.00 h0
s
Fc

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

0.200
0.188
0.175
0.175
0.188
0.175
0.163
0.150
0.150
0.125
0.188
0.225
0.175
0.200
0.175
0.138
0.238
0.225
0.200
0.175
0.238
0.213
0.188
0.250
0.200
0.213
0.163
0.275
0.238
0.213
0.263
0.225
0.225
0.175
0.188

0.400
0.375
0.350
0.350
0.375
0.350
0.325
0.300
0.300
0.250
0.375
0.450
0.350
0.400
0.350
0.275
0.475
0.450
0.400
0.350
0.475
0.425
0.375
0.500
0.400
0.425
0.325
0.550
0.475
0.425
0.525
0.450
0.450
0.350
0.375

0.800
0.750
0.700
0.700
0.750
0.700
0.650
0.600
0.600
0.500
0.750
0.900
0.700
0.800
0.700
0.550
0.950
0.900
0.800
0.700
0.950
0.850
0.750
1.000
0.800
0.850
0.650
1.100
0.950
0.850
1.050
0.900
0.900
0.700
0.750

279
332
391
507
463
538
870
475
863
1159
492
331
367
585
848
1040
348
512
737
1003
590
844
1149
435
476
907
1033
587
761
1033
384
791
1260
1391
2199

397
384
251
315
469
451
422
429
399
473
397
499
389
500
357
425
375
385
327
424
467
451
406
515
414
513
371
426
385
351
448
449
501
382
481

448 733
560 714
687 595
909 723
802 877
964 849
1627 923
872 813
1630 868
2250 994
870 745
515 919
644 730
1021 938
1573 792
2007 898
553 692
872 718
1339 735
1899 911
992 870
1519 849
2159 883
681 950
832 776
1634 968
1970 795
951 788
1343 723
1912 774
594 825
1409 844
2314 950
2669 814
4239 1020

0.600
0.560
0.530
0.530
0.560
0.530
0.490
0.450
0.450
0.380
0.560
0.680
0.530
0.600
0.530
0.410
0.710
0.680
0.600
0.530
0.710
0.640
0.560
0.750
0.600
0.640
0.490
0.830
0.710
0.640
0.790
0.680
0.680
0.530
0.560

544
717
925
1249
1055
1325
2320
1217
2331
3338
1168
601
868
1359
2232
2910
661
1135
1853
2745
1266
2089
3065
801
1107
2246
2854
1170
1800
2697
687
1923
3249
3905
6148

1007
988
1046
1241
1221
1204
1511
1152
1404
1586
1041
1265
1031
1312
1320
1410
947
1004
1225
1478
1204
1200
1423
1304
1086
1369
1281
1091
1009
1276
1132
1194
1354
1310
1607

602
842
1119
1536
1273
1629
2955
1536
3000
4320
1436
635
1050
1647
2814
3821
723
1337
2322
3511
1482
2590
3949
859
1342
2785
3680
1309
2207
3413
722
2359
4077
5036
8054

1221
1214
1563
1820
1512
1487
2159
1446
2010
2178
1295
1519
1268
1624
1895
1988
1149
1226
1797
2074
1480
1491
2049
1577
1344
1703
1806
1320
1254
1838
1363
1478
1689
1826
2267

Dimensional Tables

34 50 mm
Article
No.

011100
011200
011300
011400
011500
011600
011700
011850
011900
012000
012100
012200
012300
012400
012500
012600
012700
012800
012900
013000
013100
013250
013300
013400
013500
013600
013700
013800
013900
014000
014100
014200
014300
014400
014500

Ordering Dimensions

C
B
A

C
B
A
C
B
A

Weight/
1000 pcs.

De
[mm]

Di
[mm]

t
[mm]

l0
[mm]

h0
[mm]

h0/t

34
34
34
34
34
34
34
35.5
35.5
35.5
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
45
45
45
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50

12.3
12.3
12.3
14.3
14.3
16.3
16.3
18.3
18.3
18.3
14.3
14.3
14.3
16.3
16.3
18.3
20.4
20.4
20.4
20.4
20.4
22.4
22.4
22.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
20.4
20.4
22.4
22.4
25.4
25.4

1
1.25
1.5
1.25
1.5
1.5
2
0.9
1.25
2
1.25
1.5
2
1.5
2
2
1
1.5
2
2.25
2.5
1.25
1.75
2.5
1.25
1.5
2
2.5
3
2
2.5
2
2.5
1.25
1.5

2.25
2.35
2.5
2.4
2.55
2.55
2.85
2.05
2.25
2.8
2.65
2.75
3.05
2.8
3.1
3.15
2.3
2.65
3.1
3.15
3.45
2.85
3.05
3.5
2.85
3.3
3.5
4.1
4.4
3.5
3.85
3.6
3.9
2.85
3.1

1.25
1.10
1.00
1.15
1.05
1.05
0.85
1.15
1.00
0.80
1.40
1.25
1.05
1.30
1.10
1.15
1.30
1.15
1.10
0.90
0.95
1.60
1.30
1.00
1.60
1.80
1.50
1.60
1.40
1.50
1.35
1.60
1.40
1.60
1.60

1.25
0.88
0.67
0.92
0.70
0.70
0.43
1.28
0.80
0.40
1.12
0.83
0.53
0.87
0.55
0.58
1.30
0.77
0.55
0.40
0.38
1.28
0.74
0.40
1.28
1.20
0.75
0.64
0.47
0.75
0.54
0.80
0.56
1.28
1.07

[kg]
6.006
7.477
8.948
7.074
8.465
7.911
10.57
4.952
6.865
10.97
10.40
12.45
16.63
11.89
15.89
15.04
7.067
10.53
14.06
15.72
17.52
11.34
15.89
22.77
16.13
19.31
25.79
32.14
38.35
24.85
30.97
23.82
29.68
13.82
16.54

Stress
OM
at s = h0
[N/mm2]
1201
1322
1442
1435
1572
1658
1790
1042
1258
1611
1213
1299
1455
1392
1571
1712
1024
1359
1733
1595
1871
1227
1396
1534
892
1204
1338
1784
1873
1371
1543
1511
1653
1006
1207
90

91

at s = 0.25 h0
s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

Deflection s, Load F and Stress

s = 0.50 h0
s 0.75 h0
s
F

s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2] [mm] [N] [N/mm2]

s = 1.00 h0
s
Fc

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

0.313
0.275
0.250
0.288
0.263
0.263
0.213
0.288
0.250
0.200
0.350
0.313
0.263
0.325
0.275
0.288
0.325
0.288
0.275
0.225
0.238
0.400
0.325
0.250
0.400
0.450
0.375
0.400
0.350
0.375
0.338
0.400
0.350
0.400
0.400

0.625
0.550
0.500
0.575
0.525
0.525
0.425
0.575
0.500
0.400
0.700
0.625
0.525
0.650
0.550
0.575
0.650
0.575
0.550
0.450
0.475
0.800
0.650
0.500
0.800
0.900
0.750
0.800
0.700
0.750
0.675
0.800
0.700
0.800
0.800

1.250 1258
1.100 2162
1.000 3397
1.150 2347
1.050 3704
1.050 3908
0.850 7498
1.150 884
1.000 2059
0.800 6747
1.400 1984
1.250 3061
1.050 6096
1.300 3281
1.100 6580
1.150 7171
1.300 1072
1.150 3201
1.100 7258
0.900 8456
0.95012243
1.600 2007
1.300 4475
1.00010037
1.600 1459
1.800 2837
1.500 5603
1.60011673
1.40017650
1.500 5745
1.35010098
1.600 6329
1.40010817
1.600 1646
1.600 2844

637
815
1097
913
1224
1291
2097
458
731
1864
904
1114
1800
1224
1972
2182
565
1109
2175
2336
3351
1041
1524
2773
757
1379
1918
3703
5043
1966
3008
2247
3261
854
1242

429
394
321
461
447
495
445
427
409
393
406
376
393
430
375
365
422
431
484
392
470
497
433
383
325
423
259
407
530
397
373
466
364
410
447

998 789
1395 734
1982 730
1546 858
2192 841
2313 933
4003 952
712 786
1277 766
3576 837
1459 750
1929 702
3363 855
2102 802
3663 825
4030 810
876 776
1953 810
4041 920
4481 835
6453 997
1620 914
2701 814
5320 815
1178 597
2184 779
3392 609
6733 917
9546 1138
3478 745
5601 817
3924 872
6044 806
1328 755
2028 828

0.940 1175
0.830 1825
0.750 2725
0.860 1990
0.790 2997
0.790 3163
0.640 5803
0.860 831
0.750 1699
0.600 5187
1.050 1780
0.940 2550
0.790 4781
0.980 2758
0.830 5195
0.860 5642
0.980 1018
0.860 2616
0.830 5730
0.680 6544
0.710 9359
1.200 1891
0.980 3659
0.750 7716
1.200 1375
1.350 2606
1.130 4586
1.200 9315
1.05013688
1.130 4702
1.010 7902
1.200 5222
1.050 8510
1.200 1550
1.200 2512

1083
1026
1225
1190
1186
1316
1527
1076
1073
1332
1033
981
1392
1122
1359
1333
1067
1134
1314
1339
1573
1253
1148
1296
817
1069
1054
1529
1824
1048
1330
1220
1324
1035
1145

1304
1255
1807
1464
1472
1635
2150
1302
1329
1878
1253
1207
1988
1376
1948
1946
1283
1410
1646
1871
2219
1514
1421
1825
984
1293
1577
2244
2590
1295
1922
1509
1920
1251
1397

Dimensional Tables

50 80 mm
Article
No.

014600
014700
014800
014950
015000
015100
015200
015300
015400
015500
015600
015700
015800
015900
016050
016100
016200
016300
016400
016500
016600
016700
016800
016900
017000
017100
017200
017300
017400
017500
017600
017700
017800
017850
017900

Ordering Dimensions

B
A
C
B
A

C
B
A

C
B
A

C
B

Weight/
1000 pcs.

De
[mm]

Di
[mm]

t
[mm]

l0
[mm]

h0
[mm]

h0/t

50
50
50
56
56
56
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
63
63
63
63
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
71
71
71
80
80
80
80
80
80
80

25.4
25.4
25.4
28.5
28.5
28.5
20.5
20.5
20.5
25.5
25.5
30.5
30.5
30.5
31
31
31
31
25.5
30.5
30.5
35.5
35.5
40.5
40.5
36
36
36
31
31
31
36
36
41
41

2
2.5
3
1.5
2
3
2
2.5
3
2.5
3
2.5
3
3.5
1.8
2.5
3
3.5
2
2.5
3
3
4
4
5
2
2.5
4
2.5
3
4
3
4
2.25
3

3.4
3.9
4.1
3.45
3.6
4.3
4.1
4.3
4.7
4.4
4.65
4.3
4.7
5
4.15
4.25
4.8
4.9
4.5
4.9
5.1
5.1
5.8
5.6
6.2
4.6
4.5
5.6
5.3
5.5
6.1
5.7
6.2
5.2
5.3

1.40
1.40
1.10
1.95
1.60
1.30
2.10
1.80
1.70
1.90
1.65
1.80
1.70
1.50
2.35
1.75
1.80
1.40
2.50
2.40
2.10
2.10
1.80
1.60
1.20
2.60
2.00
1.60
2.80
2.50
2.10
2.70
2.20
2.95
2.30

0.70
0.56
0.37
1.30
0.80
0.43
1.05
0.72
0.57
0.76
0.55
0.72
0.57
0.43
1.31
0.70
0.60
0.40
1.25
0.96
0.70
0.70
0.45
0.40
0.24
1.30
0.80
0.40
1.12
0.83
0.53
0.90
0.55
1.31
0.77

[kg]

Stress
OM
at s = h0
[N/mm2]

22.09
27.52
32.85
20.85
27.81
41.57
38.16
47.69
57.04
44.20
52.86
39.94
47.77
55.10
32.53
44.85
53.86
62.13
50.78
59.53
71.19
65.21
86.13
77.04
95.15
44.66
56.11
88.63
82.01
98.01
130.0
91.92
121.9
63.54
84.92

1408
1760
1659
1174
1284
1565
1284
1376
1560
1527
1592
1572
1782
1834
1315
1360
1679
1524
1135
1430
1502
1615
1845
1813
1700
1295
1246
1594
1233
1321
1480
1497
1626
1311
1363
92

93

at s = 0.25 h0
s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

Deflection s, Load F and Stress

s = 0.50 h0
s 0.75 h0
s
F

s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2] [mm] [N] [N/mm2]

s = 1.00 h0
s
Fc

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

0.350 1949
0.350 3473
0.275 4255
0.488 1458
0.400 1910
0.325 4142
0.525 2318
0.450 3018
0.425 4449
0.475 3447
0.413 4495
0.450 3447
0.425 5083
0.375 6591
0.588 2364
0.438 2942
0.450 4891
0.350 5399
0.625 2408
0.600 3755
0.525 4676
0.525 5028
0.450 8757
0.400 8391
0.300 11544
0.650 2861
0.500 2894
0.400 7379
0.700 3678
0.625 4531
0.525 7319
0.675 5401
0.550 8163
0.738 3698
0.575 4450

0.700
0.700
0.550
0.975
0.800
0.650
1.050
0.900
0.850
0.950
0.825
0.900
0.850
0.750
1.175
0.875
0.900
0.700
1.250
1.200
1.050
1.050
0.900
0.800
0.600
1.300
1.000
0.800
1.400
1.250
1.050
1.350
1.100
1.475
1.150

1.400 5898
1.400 11519
1.100 15640
1.950 2766
1.600 5379
1.300 14752
2.100 5380
1.800 9006
1.700 14698
1.900 9997
1.650 15002
1.800 10289
1.700 16792
1.500 23528
2.350 4463
1.750 8904
1.800 15825
1.400 19545
2.500 4755
2.400 9360
2.100 14152
2.100 15218
1.800 30919
1.600 30376
1.200 44495
2.600 5426
2.000 8152
1.600 26712
2.800 8070
2.500 12451
2.100 24791
2.700 14106
2.200 27245
2.950 6950
2.300 12844

430
494
424
483
415
371
409
297
414
451
369
486
502
437
536
410
477
383
406
475
433
493
430
411
458
532
402
393
425
393
378
487
362
544
434

3491 810
6437 938
8214 897
2259 889
3335 778
7895 795
3802 758
5379 685
8234 909
6081 847
8352 812
6145 914
9407 953
12574 937
3658 986
5270 773
8981 904
10359 815
3771 748
6297 883
8376 814
9007 928
16634 925
16099 877
22728 946
4432 980
5054 754
14157 837
5933 785
7847 735
13677 823
9196 909
15168 799
5715 1000
7838 814

1.050 4762
1.050 9063
0.830 12044
1.460 2621
1.200 4438
0.980 11441
1.580 4737
1.350 7302
1.280 11615
1.430 8195
1.240 11803
1.350 8342
1.280 13269
1.130 18225
1.760 4237
1.310 7179
1.350 12536
1.050 15025
1.880 4441
1.800 8031
1.580 11453
1.580 12316
1.350 23923
1.200 23351
0.900 33672
1.950 5144
1.500 6725
1.200 20535
2.100 7239
1.880 10369
1.580 19447
2.030 11936
1.650 21400
2.210 6611
1.730 10539

1140
1332
1418
1217
1090
1281
1049
1165
1486
1190
1334
1285
1358
1507
1351
1086
1280
1296
1024
1225
1148
1310
1486
1399
1465
1342
1055
1332
1081
1028
1343
1268
1310
1369
1145

1421
1677
1987
1470
1349
1806
1273
1736
2145
1471
1922
1600
1703
2123
1629
1355
1606
1826
1235
1501
1426
1628
2114
1974
2016
1620
1306
1877
1312
1265
1920
1556
1895
1652
1417

Dimensional Tables

80 150 mm
Article
No.

Ordering Dimensions

Weight
1000 pcs.

De
Di
t
t
l0
h0
[mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm]
018000
018100
018200
018300
018400
018500
018600
018750
018800
018900
019000
019150
019250
019300
019450
019500
019600
019700
019850
019900
020050
020100
020200
020300
020400
020550
020600
020700
020850
020900
021000
021100
021250
021350
021400

A
C
B
A

C
B

A
C
B
A

C
B
A

C
B
A

80
80
90
90
90
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
112
112
112
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
140
140
140
150
150
150
150

41
41
46
46
46
41
41
51
51
51
51
51
57
57
57
41
51
51
51
61
61
61
64
64
64
71
71
71
72
72
72
61
61
71
71

4
5
2.5
3.5
5
4
5
2.7
3.5
4
5
6
3
4
6
4
4
5
6
5
6
8
3.5
5
8
6
8
10
3.8
5
8
5
6
6
8

7.5

7.5
7.4
9.2

7.5

7.5

6.2
6.7
5.7
6
7
7.2
7.75
6.2
6.3
7
7.8
8.2
6.9
7.2
8.5
8.2
8.5
8.9
9.4
9
9.6
10.9
8
8.5
10.6
9.3
10.4
11.8
8.7
9
11.2
10.3
10.8
10.8
12

2.20
1.70
3.20
2.50
2.00
3.20
2.75
3.50
2.80
3.00
2.80
2.20
3.90
3.20
2.50
4.20
4.50
3.90
3.40
4.00
3.60
2.90
4.50
3.50
2.60
3.30
2.40
1.80
4.90
4.00
3.20
5.30
4.80
4.80
4.00

h0/t

[kg]

Stress
OM
at s = h0
[N/mm2]

112.6
139.5
89.74
125.3
177.6
200.0
248.9
120.1
155.4
177.6
221.1
262.8
168.0
222.7
332.1
338.1
315.6
391.5
465.8
357.6
425.4
547.3
242.3
346.2
529.9
377.9
479.6
596.3
329.7
433.2
663.0
565.0
676.8
628.9
803.6

1738
1679
1246
1363
1558
1465
1574
1191
1235
1512
1764
1663
1174
1284
1505
1177
1317
1426
1492
1573
1698
1850
1273
1415
1708
1730
1709
1615
1203
1293
1675
1345
1462
1548
1733

h0/t

0.55
0.34
1.28
0.71
0.40
0.80
0.55
1.30
0.80
0.75
0.56
0.37
1.30
0.80
0.42
1.05
1.13
0.78
0.57
0.80
0.60
0.45
1.29
0.70
0.41
0.55
0.41
0.28
1.29
0.80
0.49
1.06
0.80
0.80
0.60

94

95

at s = 0.25 h0
s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

Deflection s, Load F and Stress

s = 0.50 h0
s 0.75 h0
s
F

s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2] [mm] [N] [N/mm2]

s = 1.00 h0
s
Fc

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

0.550
0.425
0.800
0.625
0.500
0.800
0.688
0.875
0.700
0.750
0.700
0.550
0.975
0.800
0.625
1.050
1.125
0.975
0.850
1.000
0.900
0.725
1.125
0.875
0.650
0.825
0.600
0.450
1.225
1.000
0.800
1.325
1.200
1.200
1.000

1.100
0.850
1.600
1.250
1.000
1.600
1.375
1.750
1.400
1.500
1.400
1.100
1.950
1.600
1.250
2.100
2.250
1.950
1.700
2.000
1.800
1.450
2.250
1.750
1.300
1.650
1.200
0.900
2.450
2.000
1.600
2.650
2.400
2.400
2.000

2.200 29122 1655

1.700 43952 2028
3.200 8157 1553
2.500 17487 1387
2.000 40786 1826
3.200 24547 1414
2.750 41201 1944
3.500 9091 1491
2.800 15843 1298
3.000 25338 1559
2.800 46189 1683
2.200 62711 1987
3.900 11064 1470
3.200 21518 1349
2.500 56737 1752
4.200 19729 1150
4.500 22060 1431
3.900 37342 1363
3.400 56254 1832
4.000 41170 1624
3.600 64028 1619
2.900 120218 2034
4.500 16335 1591
3.500 37041 1432
2.600 111056 1870
3.300 65207 1718
2.400 110547 1688
1.800 163035 1766
4.900 18199 1508
4.000 33843 1363
3.200 108813 1634
5.300 35207 1426
4.800 55098 1406
4.800 58370 1580
4.000 112487 1711

8726
11821
4232
5836
11267
8714
12345
4779
5624
8673
13924
17061
5834
7639
15800
8501
10096
13063
17027
14615
19789
34434
8514
12238
31118
19538
30867
42963
9514
12014
31903
15292
19560
20721
35296

486
439
509
421
382
437
374
490
399
476
496
424
483
415
363
370
463
420
349
500
481
415
522
433
391
504
470
401
495
419
467
458
435
487
501

16213
22928
6585
10416
21617
15219
22937
7410
9823
15341
25810
32937
9038
13341
30215
13943
16265
22931
31514
25526
36336
65305
13231
21924
59520
36302
59149
84219
14773
20982
59967
25021
34161
36189
64684

924
924
938
792
814
818
823
902
749
894
942
897
889
778
777
685
856
787
770
938
911
893
961
816
833
959
908
829
911
787
895
848
814
913
954

1.650 22874
1.280 33682
2.400 7684
1.880 14189
1.500 31354
2.400 20251
2.060 32328
2.630 8613
2.100 13070
2.250 20674
2.100 36339
1.650 48022
2.930 10493
2.400 17752
1.880 43812
3.150 17346
3.380 19829
2.930 30705
2.550 44307
3.000 33965
2.700 50722
2.180 93765
3.380 15422
2.630 29950
1.950 85926
2.480 51304
1.800 85494
1.350 124124
3.680 17201
3.000 27920
2.400 85251
3.980 31059
3.600 45456
3.600 48155
3.000 89851

1314
1460
1286
1116
1295
1144
1344
1237
1049
1255
1337
1418
1220
1090
1243
945
1179
1103
1264
1312
1290
1436
1319
1151
1326
1366
1314
1284
1250
1101
1284
1172
1138
1277
1357

Dimensional Tables

150 250 mm
Article
No.

Ordering Dimensions

Weight
1000 pcs.

De
Di
t
t
l0
h0
[mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm]
021500
021600
021650
021750
021800
021850
021950
022000
022100
022200
022300
022400
022500
022600
022650
022700
022800
022900
023000
023100
023200
023300
023350
023400
023500
023600
023700
023750
023800
023900
024000
024100

C
B
A
C
B
A

C
B
A

C
B
A

C
B
A

150
150
160
160
160
180
180
180
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
225
225
225
250
250
250
250
250
250
250

81
81
82
82
82
92
92
92
82
82
82
92
92
92
102
102
102
102
102
112
112
112
112
112
112
102
102
127
127
127
127
127

8
10
4.3
6
10
4.8
6
10
8
10
12
10
12
14
5.5
8
10
12
14
12
14
16
6.5
8
12
10
12
7
10
12
14
16

7.5 11.7
9.3 13
9.9
10.5
9.4 13.5
11
11.1
9.4 14
7.6 14.2
9.6 15.5
11.5 16.6
9.5 15.6
11.4 16.8
13.1 18.1
12.5
7.5 13.6
9.4 15.6
11.25 16.2
13.1 18.2
11.1 16.2
12.9 17.5
14.8 18.8
6.2 13.6
7.5 14.5
11.25 17
9.6 18
11.5 19
6.7 14.8
9.4 17
11.25 19.3
13.1 19.6
15
21.8

3.70
3.00
5.60
4.50
3.50
6.20
5.10
4.00
6.20
5.50
4.60
5.60
4.80
4.10
7.00
5.60
5.60
4.20
4.20
4.20
3.50
2.80
7.10
6.50
5.00
8.00
7.00
7.80
7.00
7.30
5.60
5.80

h0/t

h0/t
[kg]
0.56
0.40

1.30
0.75
0.44
1.29
0.85
0.49
0.87
0.61
0.44
0.64
0.47
0.38
1.27
0.81
0.66
0.44
0.39
0.46
0.36
0.27
1.19
0.93
0.51
0.88
0.65
1.21
0.81
0.72
0.50
0.45

732.9
908.8
492.2
679.8
1089
705.3
862.5
1381
1554
1962
2351
1840
2208
2537
999.3
1363
1708
2044
2380
1870
2173
2493
1450
1754
2631
3075
3683
1909
2678
3205
3732
4273

Stress
OM
at s = h0
[N/mm2]
1739
1779
1189
1333
1753
1159
1192
1576
1415
1581
1595
1679
1737
1743
1213
1409
1772
1611
1884
1726
1689
1550
1119
1267
1489
1459
1542
1086
1406
1766
1596
1893

96

97

at s = 0.25 h0
s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

Deflection s, Load F and Stress

s = 0.50 h0
s 0.75 h0
s
F

s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2] [mm] [N] [N/mm2]

s = 1.00 h0
s
Fc

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

0.925
0.750
1.400
1.125
0.875
1.550
1.275
1.000
1.550
1.375
1.150
1.400
1.200
1.025
1.750
1.400
1.400
1.050
1.050
1.050
0.875
0.700
1.775
1.625
1.250
2.000
1.750
1.950
1.750
1.825
1.400
1.450

1.850
1.500
2.800
2.250
1.750
3.100
2.550
2.000
3.100
2.750
2.300
2.800
2.400
2.050
3.500
2.800
2.800
2.100
2.100
2.100
1.750
1.400
3.550
3.250
2.500
4.000
3.500
3.900
3.500
3.650
2.800
2.900

3.700
3.000
5.600
4.500
3.500
6.200
5.100
4.000
6.200
5.500
4.600
5.600
4.800
4.100
7.000
5.600
5.600
4.200
4.200
4.200
3.500
2.800
7.100
6.500
5.000
8.000
7.000
7.800
7.000
7.300
5.600
5.800

34518
50088
12162
17203
50547
14646
16558
46850
35029
51105
66924
55136
73913
95633
19817
33367
58757
66983
103781
72257
91033
105268
23582
32870
64497
56867
73563
26895
51871
87633
93239
140941

516
399
491
420
390
476
396
437
450
329
416
490
400
445
494
475
546
357
445
490
387
395
446
450
415
462
303
438
471
563
444
413

63876 985
96120 846
18832 904
30431 790
96216 836
22731 877
28552 742
88141 837
60013 842
93357 739
127191 890
100014 928
139548 864
184092 938
30882 910
57955 892
106099 1036
127401 766
199476 943
136873 943
176156 813
206697 815
37417 825
55412 842
120738 794
97282 865
133130 691
42527 810
90206 886
156021 1063
175145 851
267295 890

2.780
2.250
4.200
3.380
2.630
4.650
3.830
3.000
4.650
4.130
3.450
4.200
3.600
3.080
5.250
4.200
4.200
3.150
3.150
3.150
2.630
2.100
5.330
4.880
3.750
6.000
5.250
5.850
5.250
5.480
4.200
4.350

89663
139128
21843
41051
138564
26442
37533
125417
78034
129569
182737
137688
199269
267623
36111
76378
145357
183020
289181
195830
257208
305100
44594
70788
171016
126387
182962
50466
119053
210942
248828
383017

1409
1342
1238
1110
1341
1201
1036
1201
1177
1233
1421
1315
1393
1484
1247
1254
1468
1227
1492
1358
1281
1260
1138
1177
1137
1207
1163
1116
1244
1503
1221
1429

112942
180141
23022
50260
178214
27966
44930
160223
92176
162061
235503
171214
255443
346888
38423
91252
179858
235610
374993
251108
334227
401294
48147
82002
217625
149323
227317
54284
142462
257630
317399
492058

1781
1887
1494
1377
1896
1450
1278
1528
1455
1804
2011
1651
1985
2072
1507
1559
1844
1739
2094
1736
1782
1730
1383
1451
1444
1490
1720
1356
1547
1879
1554
2031

Dimensional Tables

9.3 Dimension Tables for Corrosion Resistant

SCHNORR Disc Springs
Article
No.

024 650
025 250
025 400
025 700
026 700
027 100
027 400
028 910
029 101
029 301
029 602
029 701
030 290
030 800
031 000
032 040
032 500
032 704
033 400
033 500
034 200
034 550
035 040
035 103
035 400
035 601
038 353
038 600
039 040
039 500
039 800
039 971
040 130

Ordering Dimensions

Weight/
1000 pcs.

De
[mm]

Di
[mm]

t
[mm]

l0
[mm]

h0
[mm]

h0/t

6
8
8
8
8
8
8
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
14
14
14
15
15
15
15

3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
4.2
4.2
4.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
4.2
4.2
5.2
5.2
5.2
4.2
4.2
4.2
5.2
5.2
6.2
6.2
5.2
6.2
6.2
6.2
7.2
7.2
7.2
5.2
5.2
5.2
5.2

0.3
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.4
0.5
0.25
0.4
0.5
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.35
0.5
0.7
0.35
0.5
0.8
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7

0.4
0.4
0.55
0.55
0.45
0.5
0.55
0.65
0.7
0.7
0.65
0.7
0.55
0.65
0.7
0.8
0.8
0.85
0.8
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.75
0.8
0.95
0.8
0.9
1.05
0.95
1
1.05
1.05

0.10
0.20
0.25
0.15
0.25
0.20
0.15
0.35
0.30
0.20
0.25
0.20
0.30
0.25
0.20
0.40
0.30
0.25
0.30
0.25
0.35
0.25
0.35
0.40
0.30
0.25
0.45
0.40
0.25
0.55
0.50
0.45
0.35

0.33
1.00
0.83
0.38
1.25
0.67
0.38
1.17
0.75
0.40
0.63
0.40
1.20
0.63
0.40
1.00
0.60
0.42
0.60
0.42
0.70
0.42
0.70
1.14
0.60
0.36
1.29
0.80
0.31
1.38
1.00
0.75
0.50

[kg]

Stress
OM
at s = h0
[N/mm2]

0.047
0.066
0.098
0.131
0.057
0.085
0.113
0.165
0.220
0.274
0.202
0.252
0.112
0.179
0.223
0.309
0.386
0.463
0.357
0.429
0.323
0.387
0.395
0.253
0.361
0.504
0.310
0.442
0.706
0.486
0.607
0.728
0.849

-998
-655
-1228
-983
-925
-1110
-1110
-1058
-1209
-1007
-1064
-1064
-883
-1177
-1177
-1132
-1061
-1061
-1120
-1120
-1424
-1221
-1188
-1024
-1098
-1281
-939
-1192
-1192
-995
-1131
-1221
-1108
98

 6 15 mm Material: 1.4310 (X12 Cr Ni 17 7)

99

at s = 0.25 h0
s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

Deflection s, Load F and Stress

s = 0.50 h0
s 0.75 h0
s
F

s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2] [mm] [N] [N/mm2]

s = 1.00 h0
s
Fc

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

0.025
0.050
0.063
0.038
0.063
0.050
0.038
0.088
0.075
0.050
0.063
0.050
0.075
0.063
0.050
0.100
0.075
0.063
0.075
0.063
0.088
0.063
0.088
0.100
0.075
0.063
0.113
0.100
0.063
0.138
0.125
0.113
0.088

0.050
0.100
0.125
0.075
0.125
0.100
0.075
0.175
0.150
0.100
0.125
0.100
0.150
0.125
0.100
0.200
0.150
0.125
0.150
0.125
0.175
0.125
0.175
0.200
0.150
0.125
0.225
0.200
0.125
0.275
0.250
0.225
0.175

0.100
0.200
0.250
0.150
0.250
0.200
0.150
0.350
0.300
0.200
0.250
0.200
0.300
0.250
0.200
0.400
0.300
0.250
0.300
0.250
0.350
0.250
0.350
0.400
0.300
0.250
0.450
0.400
0.250
0.550
0.500
0.450
0.350

25
11
42
45
20
34
51
47
69
73
56
77
28
62
85
79
86
111
91
118
123
128
103
61
89
178
63
111
213
93
123
158
165

257
215
370
290
377
337
279
349
321
336
289
296
350
347
300
355
265
328
303
300
438
314
336
390
313
336
386
387
320
370
353
333
315

49
19
73
87
31
61
98
75
123
140
102
148
44
113
163
130
158
213
166
225
221
245
184
98
163
344
98
194
414
142
203
279
311

539
400
691
612
695
636
584
643
611
710
546
629
647
656
608
659
589
696
574
640
825
624
633
720
593
708
710
725
670
678
655
625
680

0.080
0.150
0.190
0.110
0.190
0.150
0.110
0.260
0.230
0.150
0.190
0.150
0.230
0.190
0.150
0.300
0.230
0.190
0.230
0.190
0.260
0.190
0.260
0.300
0.230
0.190
0.340
0.300
0.190
0.410
0.380
0.340
0.260

76
24
97
124
36
84
140
90
168
203
143
214
53
159
237
165
224
312
236
329
299
359
249
119
232
509
114
258
616
162
258
378
439

847
553
965
966
954
897
924
883
1046
1122
845
998
890
928
968
911
971
1105
889
1018
1161
996
892
992
839
1117
973
1016
1049
924
906
998
1096

94
27
116
165
39
105
186
100
203
264
178
278
58
197
308
190
278
400
293
422
373
460
311
131
287
657
120
312
799
167
296
460
569

1182
676
1299
1353
1154
1120
1298
1068
1566
1573
1240
1403
1079
1198
1365
1174
1411
1554
1298
1437
1447
1408
1332
1206
1169
1563
1175
1258
1458
1109
1180
1499
1564

Dimensional Tables

15 22.5 mm Material: 1.4310 (X12 Cr Ni 17 7)

Article
No.

040 950
041 301
041 700
042 400
042 601
043 750
044 000
044 101
044 201
044 400
045 800
046 003
046 252
046 400
046 505
046 924
047 070
047 300
047 691
047 910
048 050
048 098
051 100
052 270
051 450
051 701
051 761
052 803
053 500
053 701
053 901
054 380
055 280
055 650
057 710

Ordering Dimensions

Weight/
1000 pcs.

De
[mm]

Di
[mm]

t
[mm]

l0
[mm]

h0
[mm]

h0/t

15
15
15
15
15
16
16
16
16
16
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
22.5

6.2
6.2
6.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
6.2
6.2
6.2
6.2
6.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
9.2
9.2
9.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
10.2
10.2
10.2
10.2
10.2
10.2
10.2
11.2

0.5
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.4
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.5
0.7
0.8
1
0.45
0.7
1
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.5
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.25
1.5
0.6

1
1
1.05
1
1.05
0.9
1.05
1.05
1.1
1.2
1
1.1
1.2
1.25
1.25
1.1
1.2
1.25
1.35
1.05
1.15
1.3
1.3
1.35
1.35
1.4
1.45
1.15
1.3
1.35
1.4
1.45
1.55
1.75
1.4

0.50
0.40
0.35
0.30
0.25
0.50
0.45
0.35
0.30
0.30
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.55
0.45
0.60
0.50
0.45
0.35
0.60
0.45
0.30
0.70
0.65
0.55
0.50
0.45
0.65
0.50
0.45
0.40
0.35
0.30
0.25
0.80

1.00
0.67
0.50
0.43
0.31
1.25
0.75
0.50
0.38
0.33
1.50
1.20
1.00
0.79
0.56
1.20
0.71
0.56
0.35
1.33
0.64
0.30
1.17
0.93
0.69
0.56
0.45
1.30
0.63
0.50
0.40
0.32
0.24
0.17
1.33

[kg]

Stress
OM
at s = h0
[N/mm2]

0.572
0.687
0.801
0.677
0.773
0.464
0.695
0.811
0.926
1.042
0.702
0.878
1.053
1.228
1.403
0.789
1.104
1.262
1.576
0.662
1.029
1.469
1.226
1.430
1.634
1.838
2.042
0.910
1.454
1.635
1.817
1.998
2.269
2.721
1.406

-1176
-1129
-1152
-1138
-1084
-911
-1230
-1116
-1093
-1230
-753
-941
-1129
-1208
-1129
-1015
-1184
-1218
-1184
-970
-1132
-1078
-1108
-1201
-1161
-1188
-1188
-944
-1162
-1177
-1162
-1119
-1090
-1090
-1086
100

101

at s = 0.25 h0
s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

Deflection s, Load F and Stress

s = 0.50 h0
s 0.75 h0
s
F

s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2] [mm] [N] [N/mm2]

s = 1.00 h0
s
Fc

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

0.125
0.100
0.088
0.075
0.063
0.125
0.113
0.088
0.075
0.075
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.138
0.113
0.150
0.125
0.113
0.088
0.150
0.113
0.075
0.175
0.163
0.138
0.125
0.113
0.163
0.125
0.113
0.100
0.088
0.075
0.063
0.200

0.250 212
0.200 248
0.175 323
0.150 312
0.125 377
0.250 121
0.225 281
0.175 313
0.150 386
0.150 543
0.300 116
0.300 190
0.300 293
0.275 382
0.225 423
0.300 205
0.250 362
0.225 457
0.175 649
0.300 171
0.225 335
0.150 583
0.350 316
0.325 408
0.275 458
0.250 562
0.225 669
0.325 202
0.250 447
0.225 546
0.200 645
0.175 736
0.150 911
0.125 1297
0.400 341

0.500
0.400
0.350
0.300
0.250
0.500
0.450
0.350
0.300
0.300
0.600
0.600
0.600
0.550
0.450
0.600
0.500
0.450
0.350
0.600
0.450
0.300
0.700
0.650
0.550
0.500
0.450
0.650
0.500
0.450
0.400
0.350
0.300
0.250
0.800

127
137
172
164
193
77
159
167
200
280
78
120
176
218
229
129
203
246
335
111
185
299
198
241
255
303
352
130
245
291
336
378
463
654
222

391
313
290
302
281
368
388
302
275
324
294
323
352
336
299
384
350
328
330
406
335
294
398
384
325
306
318
389
340
318
294
300
316
338
450

726
589
629
578
587
678
728
576
583
680
538
595
653
629
657
709
658
623
694
746
633
614
735
715
611
618
682
716
643
607
608
629
653
691
827

0.380 269 1005

0.300 341 876
0.260 457 1018
0.230 460 890
0.190 560 920
0.380 143 930
0.340 380 1023
0.260 442 860
0.230 573 923
0.230 812 1069
0.450 128 730
0.450 226 817
0.450 369 903
0.410 508 962
0.340 599 1074
0.450 244 974
0.380 497 925
0.340 647 964
0.260 940 1093
0.450 197 1020
0.340 466 894
0.230 876 960
0.530 381 1010
0.490 526 993
0.410 624 890
0.380 801 1012
0.340 969 1093
0.490 235 981
0.380 626 910
0.340 783 910
0.300 936 968
0.260 1070 986
0.230 1378 1011
0.190 1959 1058
0.600 392 1132

308
426
591
584
727
153
464
573
733
1043
126
246
426
620
757
266
608
816
1240
206
581
1129
418
616
778
1007
1244
247
779
998
1217
1418
1783
2568
410

1228
1297
1456
1262
1279
1125
1270
1235
1296
1490
871
987
1184
1457
1549
1179
1241
1398
1526
1230
1152
1331
1224
1218
1324
1462
1549
1184
1198
1306
1364
1371
1389
1440
1364

Dimensional Tables

22.5 31.5 mm Material: 1.4310 (X12 Cr Ni 17 7)

Article
No.

057 903
058 001
058 950
059 210
059 400
059 504
060 460
060 600
060 901
001 922
061 600
061 951
063 872
064 400
064 900
065 104
065 129
065 400
071 600
071 752
072 001
072 105
072 750
072 860
073 300
075 260
075 700
075 925
076 160
082 253
081 505
082 303
082 801
083 370
083 800

Ordering Dimensions

Weight/
1000 pcs.

De
[mm]

Di
[mm]

t
[mm]

l0
[mm]

h0
[mm]

h0/t

22.5
22.5
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
25
25
25
25
25
25
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
31.5
31.5
31.5
31.5
31.5
31.5

11.2
11.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
10.2
10.2
10.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
10.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
10.2
10.2
10.2
10.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
14.2
14.2
14.2
14.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
16.3
16.3
16.3

0.8
1.25
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.9
1
1.25
1
1.25
1.5
1
0.7
0.9
1
1.25
1.5
0.8
1
1.25
1.5
1
1.25
1.5
0.8
1
1.25
1.5
1
1.25
1.5
0.8
1.25
1.5

1.45
1.65
1.5
1.55
1.6
1.6
1.65
1.6
1.7
1.6
1.65
1.85
1.7
1.6
1.6
1.65
1.75
1.95
1.75
1.9
1.95
2.1
1.85
1.95
2.05
1.8
1.8
1.9
2.05
2.1
2.15
2.25
1.85
2.05
2.15

0.65
0.40
0.80
0.75
0.70
0.60
0.75
0.60
0.45
0.60
0.40
0.35
0.70
0.90
0.70
0.65
0.50
0.45
0.95
0.90
0.70
0.60
0.85
0.70
0.55
1.00
0.80
0.65
0.55
1.10
0.90
0.75
1.05
0.80
0.65

0.81
0.32
1.14
0.94
0.78
0.60
0.83
0.60
0.36
0.60
0.32
0.23
0.70
1.29
0.78
0.65
0.40
0.30
1.19
0.90
0.56
0.40
0.85
0.56
0.37
1.25
0.80
0.52
0.37
1.10
0.72
0.50
1.31
0.64
0.43

[kg]

Stress
OM
at s = h0
[N/mm2]

1.873
2.924
1.987
2.271
2.554
2.838
2.352
2.613
3.264
2.337
2.919
3.501
3.205
2.052
2.637
2.929
3.660
4.389
3.351
4.188
5.232
6.277
3.911
4.887
5.862
2.870
3.586
4.480
5.373
5.191
6.486
7.781
3.577
5.584
6.698

-1177
-1132
-1082
-1159
-1217
-1159
-1384
-1230
-1153
-1353
-1127
-1184
-1181
-1142
-1142
-1178
-1133
-1224
-995
-1178
-1145
-1178
-1168
-1202
-1133
-1182
-1182
-1200
-1219
-1153
-1179
-1179
-993
-1182
-1153
102

103

at s = 0.25 h0
s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

Deflection s, Load F and Stress

s = 0.50 h0
s 0.75 h0
s
F

s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2] [mm] [N] [N/mm2]

s = 1.00 h0
s
Fc

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

0.163
0.100
0.200
0.188
0.175
0.150
0.188
0.150
0.113
0.150
0.100
0.088
0.175
0.225
0.175
0.163
0.125
0.113
0.238
0.225
0.175
0.150
0.213
0.175
0.138
0.250
0.200
0.163
0.138
0.275
0.225
0.188
0.263
0.200
0.163

0.325
0.200
0.400
0.375
0.350
0.300
0.375
0.300
0.225
0.300
0.200
0.175
0.350
0.450
0.350
0.325
0.250
0.225
0.475
0.450
0.350
0.300
0.425
0.350
0.275
0.500
0.400
0.325
0.275
0.550
0.450
0.375
0.525
0.400
0.325

0.650
0.400
0.800
0.750
0.700
0.600
0.750
0.600
0.450
0.600
0.400
0.350
0.700
0.900
0.700
0.650
0.500
0.450
0.950
0.900
0.700
0.600
0.850
0.700
0.550
1.000
0.800
0.650
0.550
1.100
0.900
0.750
1.050
0.800
0.650

283
494
258
306
361
375
427
398
512
438
492
722
408
305
338
394
512
763
321
472
565
767
451
593
727
401
439
578
781
541
646
808
354
614
763

380
308
366
354
341
292
433
336
324
396
295
338
332
460
359
344
286
344
346
356
292
360
366
318
319
475
382
328
312
393
329
310
413
351
300

492
961
414
517
633
689
740
731
989
804
958
1423
732
475
594
715
983
1490
510
804
1047
1471
777
1099
1403
628
767
1082
1508
877
1152
1519
548
1116
1454

712
645
676
659
639
635
809
636
682
750
618
697
625
847
674
650
609
717
638
662
643
763
684
603
674
876
715
625
659
727
618
672
761
663
580

0.490
0.300
0.600
0.560
0.530
0.450
0.560
0.450
0.340
0.450
0.300
0.260
0.530
0.680
0.530
0.490
0.380
0.340
0.710
0.680
0.530
0.450
0.640
0.530
0.410
0.750
0.600
0.490
0.410
0.830
0.680
0.560
0.790
0.600
0.490

655
1411
501
661
853
962
973
1020
1454
1122
1406
2090
1005
554
801
991
1443
2209
609
1047
1486
2134
1023
1560
2034
739
1021
1542
2187
1079
1572
2156
634
1544
2106

995
1010
929
914
952
1047
1130
961
1075
1063
969
1078
899
1161
944
917
969
1120
876
921
1051
1208
954
981
1063
1203
1001
917
1042
1002
914
1085
1042
938
928

789
1851
555
777
1033
1214
1174
1288
1887
1417
1845
2789
1236
586
969
1234
1854
2884
667
1234
1874
2775
1223
1967
2671
792
1238
1964
2872
1207
1929
2777
666
1934
2716

1231
1405
1126
1238
1442
1523
1395
1405
1502
1382
1349
1480
1341
1401
1170
1230
1365
1553
1060
1271
1517
1696
1177
1421
1487
1454
1240
1322
1461
1218
1368
1551
1257
1196
1317

Dimensional Tables

31.5 50 mm Material: 1.4310 (X12 Cr Ni 17 7)

Article
No.

084 493
084 800
087 900
088 046
088 300
089 321
089 400
090 500
091 100
093 703
094 000
093 683
099 423
099 461
099 833
100 503
100 801
101 755
102 531
103 000
103 500
103 953
104 465
110 412
110 501
110 901
115 970
116 300
116 653
116 901
117 400
117 703
118 401
000 227
119 950

Ordering Dimensions

Weight/
1000 pcs.

De
[mm]

Di
[mm]

t
[mm]

l0
[mm]

h0
[mm]

h0/t

31.5
31.5
34
34
34
34
34
34
34
35.5
35.5
35.5
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
45
45
45
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50

16.3
16.3
12.3
12.3
12.3
14.3
14.3
16.3
16.3
18.3
18.3
18.3
14.3
14.3
14.3
16.3
16.3
18.3
20.4
20.4
20.4
20.4
20.4
22.4
22.4
22.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
20.4
20.4
22.4
22.4
25.4

1.75
2
1
1.25
1.5
1.25
1.5
1.5
2
0.9
1.25
2
1.25
1.5
2
1.5
2
2
1
1.5
2
2.25
2.5
1.25
1.75
2.5
1.25
1.5
2
2.5
2
2.5
2
2.5
1.25

2.3
2.5
2.25
2.35
2.4
2.3
2.35
2.3
2.6
2.1
2.25
2.65
2.65
2.75
2.9
2.7
2.9
2.85
2.3
2.6
2.8
2.95
3.15
2.9
2.95
3.35
2.85
3.3
3.45
3.65
3.4
3.6
3.3
3.6
2.85

0.55
0.50
1.25
1.10
0.90
1.05
0.85
0.80
0.60
1.20
1.00
0.65
1.40
1.25
0.90
1.20
0.90
0.85
1.30
1.10
0.80
0.70
0.65
1.65
1.20
0.85
1.60
1.80
1.45
1.15
1.40
1.10
1.30
1.10
1.60

0.31
0.25
1.25
0.88
0.60
0.84
0.57
0.53
0.30
1.33
0.80
0.33
1.12
0.83
0.45
0.80
0.45
0.43
1.30
0.73
0.40
0.31
0.26
1.32
0.69
0.34
1.28
1.20
0.73
0.46
0.70
0.44
0.65
0.44
1.28

[kg]

Stress
OM
at s = h0
[N/mm2]

7.811
8.923
6.187
7.732
9.275
7.321
8.783
8.216
10.946
5.132
7.124
11.385
10.752
12.899
17.189
12.332
16.433
15.584
7.300
10.942
14.580
16.397
18.212
11.746
16.434
23.457
16.679
20.011
26.669
33.323
25.710
32.123
24.652
30.800
14.311

-1138
-1182
-1108
-1219
-1197
-1208
-1174
-1165
-1165
-1003
-1161
-1207
-1118
-1198
-1150
-1185
-1185
-1167
-944
-1199
-1162
-1144
-1180
-1167
-1188
-1202
-822
-1110
-1193
-1182
-1181
-1160
-1132
-1198
-928
104

105

at s = 0.25 h0
s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

Deflection s, Load F and Stress

s = 0.50 h0
s 0.75 h0
s
F

s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2] [mm] [N] [N/mm2]

s = 1.00 h0
s
Fc

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

0.138
0.125
0.313
0.275
0.225
0.263
0.213
0.200
0.150
0.300
0.250
0.163
0.350
0.313
0.225
0.300
0.225
0.213
0.325
0.275
0.200
0.175
0.163
0.413
0.300
0.213
0.400
0.450
0.363
0.288
0.350
0.275
0.325
0.275
0.400

0.275
0.250
0.625
0.550
0.450
0.525
0.425
0.400
0.300
0.600
0.500
0.325
0.700
0.625
0.450
0.600
0.450
0.425
0.650
0.550
0.400
0.350
0.325
0.825
0.600
0.425
0.800
0.900
0.725
0.575
0.700
0.550
0.650
0.550
0.800

0.550
0.500
1.250
1.100
0.900
1.050
0.850
0.800
0.600
1.200
1.000
0.650
1.400
1.250
0.900
1.200
0.900
0.850
1.300
1.100
0.800
0.700
0.650
1.650
1.200
0.850
1.600
1.800
1.450
1.150
1.400
1.100
1.300
1.100
1.600

971
1289
588
752
872
723
837
815
1293
461
674
1352
834
1028
1365
992
1406
1367
521
955
1345
1613
2017
1023
1247
2116
698
1272
1680
2203
1634
2138
1515
2209
787

304
337
396
363
303
372
307
314
331
421
377
320
375
347
338
353
319
299
389
374
294
309
336
481
357
320
299
390
328
337
332
315
320
306
378

1892
2534
920
1287
1600
1250
1549
1519
2523
709
1177
2628
1346
1779
2592
1732
2671
2610
808
1697
2580
3143
3961
1578
2241
4105
1086
2015
2990
4176
2927
4070
2747
4204
1225

636
697
728
677
649
695
593
598
691
773
707
670
692
648
723
661
684
639
716
703
608
647
696
884
673
673
550
719
616
723
625
674
604
656
697

0.410
0.380
0.940
0.830
0.680
0.790
0.640
0.600
0.450
0.900
0.750
0.490
1.050
0.940
0.680
0.900
0.680
0.640
0.980
0.830
0.600
0.530
0.490
1.240
0.900
0.640
1.200
1.350
1.090
0.860
1.050
0.830
0.980
0.830
1.200

2763
3799
1084
1683
2247
1649
2185
2151
3713
815
1567
3873
1642
2352
3753
2304
3867
3783
939
2306
3743
4660
5885
1823
3068
6030
1268
2404
4061
5980
3993
5896
3807
6090
1430

997
1080
997
942
1071
970
975
913
1078
1058
990
1052
953
903
1155
924
1095
1020
981
987
968
1013
1081
1210
948
1059
753
986
954
1157
899
1078
852
1049
955

3649
4952
1160
1994
2820
1977
2765
2746
4882
851
1899
5056
1830
2824
4819
2793
4966
4888
989
2824
4869
6066
7726
1909
3810
7869
1346
2616
4996
7738
4945
7589
4743
7839
1518

1385
1487
1203
1339
1557
1230
1413
1318
1495
1276
1225
1464
1156
1368
1634
1265
1552
1442
1184
1228
1364
1407
1490
1458
1197
1477
907
1192
1428
1641
1341
1525
1248
1487
1153

Dimensional Tables

50 90 mm Material: 1.4310 (X12 Cr Ni 17 7)

Article
No.

120 103
120 400
120 801
128 599
128 600
131 001
003 158
131 801
113 193
138 221
138 503
144 401
146 250
153 014
153 110
159 600
161 220
169 200

Ordering Dimensions

Weight/
1000 pcs.

De
[mm]

Di
[mm]

t
[mm]

l0
[mm]

h0
[mm]

h0/t

50
50
50
56
56
60
60
60
60
63
63
70
70
71
71
80
80
90

25.4
25.4
25.4
28.5
28.5
20.5
20.5
25.5
30.5
31
31
25.5
30.5
36
36
31
41
46

1.5
2
2.5
1.5
2
2
2.5
2.5
2.5
1.8
2.5
2
2.5
2
2.5
2.5
2.25
2.5

3.1
3.3
3.5
3.45
3.6
4.1
4.05
4.1
4
4.1
4.15
4.5
4.7
4.6
4.5
5.3
5.2
5.7

1.60
1.30
1.00
1.95
1.60
2.10
1.55
1.60
1.50
2.30
1.65
2.50
2.20
2.60
2.00
2.80
2.95
3.20

1.07
0.65
0.40
1.30
0.80
1.05
0.62
0.64
0.60
1.28
0.66
1.25
0.88
1.30
0.80
1.12
1.31
1.28

[kg]
17.168
22.878
28.582
21.495
28.646
39.235
49.027
45.471
41.157
33.419
46.389
52.479
61.266
46.249
57.789
84.001
65.586
92.370

Stress
OM
at s = h0
[N/mm2]
-1113
-1206
-1160
-1083
-1185
-1185
-1093
-1186
-1208
-1187
-1183
-1047
-1209
-1195
-1149
-1137
-1209
-1150

106

at s = 0.25 h0
s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

Deflection s, Load F and Stress

s = 0.50 h0
s 0.75 h0
s
F

s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2] [mm] [N] [N/mm2]

s = 1.00 h0
s
Fc

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

0.400
0.325
0.250
0.488
0.400
0.525
0.388
0.400
0.375
0.575
0.413
0.625
0.550
0.650
0.500
0.700
0.738
0.800

0.800
0.650
0.500
0.975
0.800
1.050
0.775
0.800
0.750
1.150
0.825
1.250
1.100
1.300
1.000
1.400
1.475
1.600

1.600
1.300
1.000
1.950
1.600
2.100
1.550
1.600
1.500
2.300
1.650
2.500
2.200
2.600
2.000
2.800
2.950
3.200

1145
1613
2096
1345
1761
2138
2239
2463
2444
2086
2489
2221
2984
2639
2669
3393
3410
3903

412
358
293
446
383
378
274
327
348
478
349
375
385
491
371
392
501
470

1871
2926
4022
2084
3076
3507
4092
4479
4488
3247
4504
3478
5106
4088
4662
5472
5271
6073

764
675
608
820
718
699
605
617
659
880
658
690
719
904
695
724
922
865

1.200
0.980
0.750
1.460
1.200
1.580
1.160
1.200
1.130
1.730
1.240
1.880
1.650
1.950
1.500
2.100
2.210
2.400

2317
4055
5834
2418
4093
4369
5677
6196
6287
3795
6212
4096
6653
4744
6203
6677
6097
7087

1056
954
968
1124
1005
965
1001
923
933
1207
928
945
1001
1238
973
997
1263
1186

2623
5051
7589
2551
4962
4962
7153
7765
7908
4028
7743
4386
7913
5004
7519
7443
6410
7524

1288
1227
1364
1356
1244
1206
1460
1360
1267
1457
1220
1139
1232
1494
1205
1210
1524
1433

107

Dimensional Tables

9.4 Dimension Tables for Heat Resistant SCHNORR Disc Springs

Article
No.

024 670
025 600
025 800
027 000
027 300
028 900
029 100
029 300
029 600
029 700
030 700
030 900
032 200
032 400
032 702
033 300
033 450
034 100
034 500
035 041
035 300
035 600
038 500
039 000
039 475
039 700
039 970
040 100
040 949
041 300
041 600
042 300
042 600
043 749
043 900

Ordering Dimensions

Weight/
1000 pcs.

De
[mm]

Di
[mm]

t
[mm]

l0
[mm]

h0
[mm]

h0/t

6
8
8
8
8
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12.5
12.5
12.5
14
14
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
16
16

3.2
3.2
3.2
4.2
4.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
4.2
4.2
5.2
5.2
4.2
4.2
4.2
5.2
5.2
6.2
6.2
5.2
6.2
6.2
7.2
7.2
5.2
5.2
5.2
5.2
6.2
6.2
6.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.2

0.3
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.4
0.5
0.4
0.5
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.7
0.5
0.8
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.4
0.6

0.4
0.55
0.55
0.5
0.55
0.65
0.7
0.7
0.65
0.7
0.65
0.7
0.8
0.8
0.85
0.8
0.85
0.8
0.85
0.85
0.8
0.95
0.9
1.05
0.95
1
1.05
1.05
1
1
1.05
1
1.05
0.95
1.05

0.10
0.25
0.15
0.20
0.15
0.35
0.30
0.20
0.25
0.20
0.25
0.20
0.40
0.30
0.25
0.30
0.25
0.30
0.25
0.35
0.30
0.25
0.40
0.25
0.55
0.50
0.45
0.35
0.50
0.40
0.35
0.30
0.25
0.55
0.45

0.33
0.83
0.38
0.67
0.38
1.17
0.75
0.40
0.63
0.40
0.63
0.40
1.00
0.60
0.42
0.60
0.42
0.60
0.42
0.70
0.60
0.36
0.80
0.31
1.38
1.00
0.75
0.50
1.00
0.67
0.50
0.43
0.31
1.38
0.75

[kg]

Stress
OM
at s = h0
[N/mm2]

0.046
0.096
0.128
0.083
0.110
0.161
0.214
0.268
0.196
0.245
0.174
0.217
0.301
0.376
0.452
0.348
0.418
0.315
0.378
0.385
0.351
0.492
0.431
0.688
0.473
0.592
0.710
0.828
0.558
0.669
0.781
0.660
0.754
0.452
0.678

-1098
-1351
-1081
-1221
-1221
-1164
-1330
-1108
-1170
-1170
-1295
-1295
-1245
-1168
-1168
-1232
-1232
-1343
-1343
-1306
-1207
-1409
-1312
-1312
-1094
-1244
-1343
-1219
-1293
-1242
-1268
-1252
-1193
-1102
-1353
108

 6 16 mm Material: 1.4122 (X39 Cr Mo 17-1)

109

at s = 0.25 h0
s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

Deflection s, Load F and Stress

s = 0.50 h0
s 0.75 h0
s
F

s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2] [mm] [N] [N/mm2]

s = 1.00 h0
s
Fc

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

0.025
0.063
0.038
0.050
0.038
0.088
0.075
0.050
0.063
0.050
0.063
0.050
0.100
0.075
0.063
0.075
0.063
0.075
0.063
0.088
0.075
0.063
0.100
0.063
0.138
0.125
0.113
0.088
0.125
0.100
0.088
0.075
0.063
0.138
0.113

0.050
0.125
0.075
0.100
0.075
0.175
0.150
0.100
0.125
0.100
0.125
0.100
0.200
0.150
0.125
0.150
0.125
0.150
0.125
0.175
0.150
0.125
0.200
0.125
0.275
0.250
0.225
0.175
0.250
0.200
0.175
0.150
0.125
0.275
0.225

0.100
0.250
0.150
0.200
0.150
0.350
0.300
0.200
0.250
0.200
0.250
0.200
0.400
0.300
0.250
0.300
0.250
0.300
0.250
0.350
0.300
0.250
0.400
0.250
0.550
0.500
0.450
0.350
0.500
0.400
0.350
0.300
0.250
0.550
0.450

28
46
49
37
56
52
76
80
62
85
68
94
86
94
123
100
129
109
141
113
98
196
122
234
103
135
173
182
140
151
189
180
213
103
175

282
407
319
370
307
384
353
369
318
326
382
330
390
292
360
333
330
389
345
370
344
369
426
352
407
389
367
346
430
344
319
332
309
469
426

54
80
95
67
108
83
135
154
112
162
124
180
143
173
234
183
247
200
270
202
179
379
213
456
157
224
307
342
233
273
356
343
414
158
309

593
761
673
699
642
707
672
781
601
692
722
669
724
648
765
631
704
737
686
696
652
779
798
737
746
721
688
748
798
648
692
636
646
862
801

0.080
0.190
0.110
0.150
0.110
0.260
0.230
0.150
0.190
0.150
0.190
0.150
0.300
0.230
0.190
0.230
0.190
0.230
0.190
0.260
0.230
0.190
0.300
0.190
0.410
0.380
0.340
0.260
0.380
0.300
0.260
0.230
0.190
0.410
0.340

84
107
136
92
154
99
185
223
158
235
174
261
181
246
343
260
362
283
395
274
255
560
283
678
178
284
415
483
296
375
503
506
616
179
418

932
1061
1063
987
1017
971
1150
1235
929
1097
1021
1065
1002
1068
1215
978
1120
1044
1096
981
923
1229
1117
1154
1017
997
1098
1206
1105
963
1119
979
1012
1178
1125

103
127
181
115
205
110
223
290
196
306
217
339
209
306
440
322
464
352
506
342
316
723
343
879
183
326
506
625
339
468
650
643
799
185
510

1300
1429
1488
1233
1428
1175
1723
1730
1364
1543
1318
1501
1291
1552
1709
1428
1580
1394
1549
1465
1286
1719
1383
1604
1219
1298
1649
1720
1351
1426
1601
1388
1407
1417
1397

Dimensional Tables

16 23 mm Material: 1.4122 (X39 Cr Mo 17-1)

Article
No.

044 102
044 202
044 300
045 700
046 000
046 250
046 300
046 500
046 925
047 100
047 400
047 690
048 000
048 100
050 980
051 250
051 400
051 700
051 760
052 741
053 400
053 700
053 900
054 375
055 300
055 640
057 709
057 900
058 000
059 100
059 200
059 360
059 503
060 430
060 500

Ordering Dimensions

Weight/
1000 pcs.

De
[mm]

Di
[mm]

t
[mm]

l0
[mm]

h0
[mm]

h0/t

16
16
16
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
22.5
22.5
22.5
23
23
23
23
23
23

8.2
8.2
8.2
6.2
6.2
6.2
6.2
6.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
9.2
9.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
10.2
10.2
10.2
10.2
10.2
10.2
10.2
11.2
11.2
11.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.2
10.2
10.2

0.7
0.8
0.9
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.5
0.7
0.8
1
0.7
1
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.5
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.25
1.5
0.6
0.8
1.25
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.9
1

1.05
1.1
1.2
1
1.1
1.2
1.25
1.25
1.1
1.2
1.25
1.35
1.15
1.3
1.3
1.35
1.35
1.4
1.45
1.1
1.3
1.35
1.4
1.45
1.55
1.75
1.4
1.45
1.65
1.5
1.55
1.6
1.6
1.55
1.6

0.35
0.30
0.30
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.55
0.45
0.60
0.50
0.45
0.35
0.45
0.30
0.70
0.65
0.55
0.50
0.45
0.60
0.50
0.45
0.40
0.35
0.30
0.25
0.80
0.65
0.40
0.80
0.75
0.70
0.60
0.65
0.60

0.50
0.38
0.33
1.50
1.20
1.00
0.79
0.56
1.20
0.71
0.56
0.35
0.64
0.30
1.17
0.93
0.69
0.56
0.45
1.20
0.63
0.50
0.40
0.32
0.24
0.17
1.33
0.81
0.32
1.14
0.94
0.78
0.60
0.72
0.60

[kg]

Stress
OM
at s = h0
[N/mm2]

0.790
0.903
1.015
0.685
0.856
1.026
1.197
1.368
0.769
1.076
1.230
1.536
1.003
1.432
1.195
1.394
1.593
1.791
1.990
0.887
1.417
1.594
1.771
1.947
2.212
2.652
1.370
1.826
2.850
1.937
2.213
2.490
2.766
2.292
2.547

-1227
-1202
-1353
-828
-1035
-1242
-1329
-1242
-1117
-1303
-1340
-1303
-1245
-1185
-1219
-1321
-1277
-1306
-1306
-959
-1279
-1295
-1279
-1231
-1199
-1199
-1195
-1294
-1245
-1190
-1275
-1339
-1275
-1319
-1353
110

111

at s = 0.25 h0
s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

Deflection s, Load F and Stress

s = 0.50 h0
s 0.75 h0
s
F

s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2] [mm] [N] [N/mm2]

s = 1.00 h0
s
Fc

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

0.088
0.075
0.075
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.138
0.113
0.150
0.125
0.113
0.088
0.113
0.075
0.175
0.163
0.138
0.125
0.113
0.150
0.125
0.113
0.100
0.088
0.075
0.063
0.200
0.163
0.100
0.200
0.188
0.175
0.150
0.163
0.150

0.175 344
0.150 424
0.150 598
0.300 128
0.300 209
0.300 322
0.275 420
0.225 466
0.300 225
0.250 398
0.225 502
0.175 713
0.225 369
0.150 642
0.350 347
0.325 448
0.275 504
0.250 618
0.225 736
0.300 193
0.250 491
0.225 601
0.200 710
0.175 809
0.150 1002
0.125 1427
0.400 375
0.325 541
0.200 1057
0.400 455
0.375 568
0.350 697
0.300 758
0.325 669
0.300 804

0.350
0.300
0.300
0.600
0.600
0.600
0.550
0.450
0.600
0.500
0.450
0.350
0.450
0.300
0.700
0.650
0.550
0.500
0.450
0.600
0.500
0.450
0.400
0.350
0.300
0.250
0.800
0.650
0.400
0.800
0.750
0.700
0.600
0.650
0.600

183
220
308
86
132
194
240
251
142
223
271
368
203
329
218
265
280
333
387
122
269
320
370
416
509
719
244
311
543
284
337
397
413
375
438

333
303
356
324
356
387
369
329
423
385
361
363
368
324
438
422
357
337
350
378
374
350
323
330
348
372
495
418
339
403
390
375
321
387
369

634
641
748
591
655
719
691
723
780
724
685
764
696
676
808
786
673
679
751
698
708
667
669
692
718
760
910
783
709
743
725
703
699
729
699

0.260
0.230
0.230
0.450
0.450
0.450
0.410
0.340
0.450
0.380
0.340
0.260
0.340
0.230
0.530
0.490
0.410
0.380
0.340
0.450
0.380
0.340
0.300
0.260
0.230
0.190
0.600
0.490
0.300
0.600
0.560
0.530
0.450
0.490
0.450

487
630
894
141
249
406
558
659
269
547
711
1034
513
964
420
579
686
881
1065
231
689
861
1029
1177
1516
2155
432
720
1552
552
727
938
1058
911
1122

946
1016
1176
803
898
994
1058
1181
1071
1018
1060
1202
984
1056
1111
1092
979
1113
1202
960
1001
1001
1064
1084
1112
1164
1245
1095
1111
1022
1005
1047
1152
1024
1057

630
806
1147
139
271
468
682
833
292
668
898
1364
639
1241
460
678
856
1108
1368
251
857
1098
1339
1559
1961
2824
450
868
2037
611
855
1136
1335
1119
1417

1358
1426
1639
958
1086
1303
1603
1703
1297
1365
1538
1679
1267
1464
1347
1339
1457
1609
1704
1163
1318
1437
1500
1508
1528
1584
1500
1354
1545
1239
1362
1586
1675
1399
1546

Dimensional Tables

23 34 mm Material: 1.4122 (X39 Cr Mo 17-1)

Article
No.

060 900
061 570
061 800
061 950
063 871
064 399
064 800
065 100
065 134
065 300
071 500
071 750
072 000
072 102
072 700
072 850
073 200
075 250
075 600
075 920
076 100
082 252
081 502
081 516
082 800
083 400
083 700
084 200
084 850
087 800
088 045
088 200
089 320
089 370
090 400

Ordering Dimensions

Weight/
1000 pcs.

De
[mm]

Di
[mm]

t
[mm]

l0
[mm]

h0
[mm]

h0/t

23
23
23
23
25
25
25
25
25
25
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
31.5
31.5
31.5
31.5
31.5
31.5
31.5
31.5
34
34
34
34
34
34

10.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
10.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
10.2
10.2
10.2
10.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
14.2
14.2
14.2
14.2
12.2
12.2
12.2
16.3
16.3
16.3
16.3
16.3
12.3
12.3
12.3
14.3
14.3
16.3

1.25
1
1.25
1.5
1
0.7
0.9
1
1.25
1.5
0.8
1
1.25
1.5
1
1.25
1.5
0.8
1
1.25
1.5
1
1.25
1.5
0.8
1.25
1.5
1.75
2
1
1.25
1.5
1.25
1.5
1.5

1.7
1.5
1.65
1.85
1.7
1.6
1.6
1.65
1.75
1.95
1.75
1.9
1.95
2.1
1.85
1.95
2.05
1.8
1.8
1.9
2.05
2.1
2.15
2.25
1.85
2.05
2.15
2.3
2.5
2.25
2.35
2.4
2.3
2.35
2.3

0.45
0.50
0.40
0.35
0.70
0.90
0.70
0.65
0.50
0.45
0.95
0.90
0.70
0.60
0.85
0.70
0.55
1.00
0.80
0.65
0.55
1.10
0.90
0.75
1.05
0.80
0.65
0.55
0.50
1.25
1.10
0.90
1.05
0.85
0.80

0.36
0.50
0.32
0.23
0.70
1.29
0.78
0.65
0.40
0.30
1.19
0.90
0.56
0.40
0.85
0.56
0.37
1.25
0.80
0.52
0.37
1.10
0.72
0.50
1.31
0.64
0.43
0.31
0.25
1.25
0.88
0.60
0.84
0.57
0.53

[kg]

Stress
OM
at s = h0
[N/mm2]

3.181
2.277
2.845
3.412
3.124
2.000
2.570
2.855
3.567
4.278
3.266
4.081
5.100
6.118
3.812
4.763
5.714
2.797
3.495
4.367
5.237
5.059
6.322
7.584
3.486
5.443
6.529
7.614
8.697
6.031
7.536
9.040
7.136
8.560
8.008

-1268
-1240
-1240
-1302
-1299
-1256
-1256
-1296
-1246
-1346
-1094
-1296
-1260
-1296
-1285
-1322
-1247
-1300
-1300
-1320
-1341
-1268
-1297
-1297
-1092
-1300
-1268
-1252
-1300
-1219
-1341
-1316
-1329
-1291
-1282
112

113

at s = 0.25 h0
s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

Deflection s, Load F and Stress

s = 0.50 h0
s 0.75 h0
s
F

s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2] [mm] [N] [N/mm2]

s = 1.00 h0
s
Fc

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

0.113 563
0.125 378
0.100 541
0.088 794
0.175 449
0.225 336
0.175 372
0.163 433
0.125 563
0.113 840
0.238 353
0.225 520
0.175 621
0.150 843
0.213 496
0.175 652
0.138 799
0.250 441
0.200 483
0.163 636
0.138 859
0.275 595
0.225 711
0.188 889
0.263 390
0.200 675
0.163 839
0.138 1069
0.125 1418
0.313 646
0.275 827
0.225 959
0.263 795
0.213 921
0.200 896

0.225
0.250
0.200
0.175
0.350
0.450
0.350
0.325
0.250
0.225
0.475
0.450
0.350
0.300
0.425
0.350
0.275
0.500
0.400
0.325
0.275
0.550
0.450
0.375
0.525
0.400
0.325
0.275
0.250
0.625
0.550
0.450
0.525
0.425
0.400

0.450
0.500
0.400
0.350
0.700
0.900
0.700
0.650
0.500
0.450
0.950
0.900
0.700
0.600
0.850
0.700
0.550
1.000
0.800
0.650
0.550
1.100
0.900
0.750
1.050
0.800
0.650
0.550
0.500
1.250
1.100
0.900
1.050
0.850
0.800

356
341
324
371
365
506
395
378
315
378
381
391
322
396
403
350
351
523
420
361
343
432
362
341
455
386
330
334
370
435
399
333
409
338
346

1088
710
1054
1565
805
522
654
786
1081
1639
561
885
1152
1618
855
1209
1543
691
844
1190
1659
965
1267
1671
603
1227
1599
2081
2788
1012
1416
1760
1375
1704
1671

750
650
680
767
687
932
741
715
670
789
702
729
707
839
752
664
741
964
787
687
725
800
680
739
837
730
637
700
767
801
745
714
764
653
657

0.340
0.380
0.300
0.260
0.530
0.680
0.530
0.490
0.380
0.340
0.710
0.680
0.530
0.450
0.640
0.530
0.410
0.750
0.600
0.490
0.410
0.830
0.680
0.560
0.790
0.600
0.490
0.410
0.380
0.940
0.830
0.680
0.790
0.640
0.600

1599
1024
1546
2299
1106
610
881
1090
1587
2429
670
1152
1635
2347
1126
1716
2237
813
1123
1696
2406
1187
1729
2372
697
1698
2317
3040
4178
1192
1851
2472
1814
2404
2366

1182
935
1066
1186
988
1277
1038
1009
1066
1232
963
1013
1156
1329
1050
1079
1169
1323
1102
1009
1147
1102
1006
1194
1146
1031
1021
1096
1188
1097
1036
1178
1067
1072
1004

2075
1299
2029
3068
1360
645
1066
1358
2040
3172
733
1357
2061
3053
1345
2164
2938
871
1362
2161
3159
1328
2122
3055
732
2128
2988
4014
5447
1276
2194
3102
2174
3042
3021

1652
1344
1484
1628
1475
1541
1287
1353
1501
1708
1165
1398
1668
1865
1294
1563
1636
1600
1364
1454
1607
1339
1505
1706
1382
1316
1448
1524
1636
1323
1473
1713
1353
1555
1450

Dimensional Tables

34 56 mm Material: 1.4122 (X39 Cr Mo 17-1)

Article
No.

091 000
093 705
094 100
094 400
099 440
099 460
099 829
100 500
100 800
101 750
102 530
102 900
103 227
104 200
104 700
110 411
110 500
110 900
115 977
116 200
116 650
116 902
117 200
117 395
117 600
118 400
118 500
119 860
120 102
120 300
120 800
121 000
128 420
128 500
129 050

Ordering Dimensions

Weight/
1000 pcs.

De
[mm]

Di
[mm]

t
[mm]

l0
[mm]

h0
[mm]

h0/t

34
35.5
35.5
35.5
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
45
45
45
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
56
56
56

16.3
18.3
18.3
18.3
14.3
14.3
14.3
16.3
16.3
18.3
20.4
20.4
20.4
20.4
20.4
22.4
22.4
22.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
20.4
20.4
22.4
22.4
25.4
25.4
25.4
25.4
25.4
28.5
28.5
28.5

2
0.9
1.25
2
1.25
1.5
2
1.5
2
2
1
1.5
2
2.25
2.5
1.25
1.75
2.5
1.25
1.5
2
2.5
3
2
2.5
2
2.5
1.25
1.5
2
2.5
3
1.5
2
3

2.6
2.05
2.25
2.65
2.65
2.75
2.9
2.7
2.9
2.85
2.3
2.6
2.8
2.95
3.15
2.85
2.95
3.35
2.85
3.3
3.45
3.65
3.95
3.4
3.6
3.3
3.6
2.85
3.1
3.3
3.5
3.85
3.45
3.6
4.05

0.60
1.15
1.00
0.65
1.40
1.25
0.90
1.20
0.90
0.85
1.30
1.10
0.80
0.70
0.65
1.60
1.20
0.85
1.60
1.80
1.45
1.15
0.95
1.40
1.10
1.30
1.10
1.60
1.60
1.30
1.00
0.85
1.95
1.60
1.05

0.30
1.28
0.80
0.33
1.12
0.83
0.45
0.80
0.45
0.43
1.30
0.73
0.40
0.31
0.26
1.28
0.69
0.34
1.28
1.20
0.73
0.46
0.32
0.70
0.44
0.65
0.44
1.28
1.07
0.65
0.40
0.28
1.30
0.80
0.35

[kg]

Stress
OM
at s = h0
[N/mm2]

10.669
5.002
6.944
11.097
10.480
12.572
16.754
12.019
16.017
15.190
7.115
10.665
14.211
15.981
17.751
11.448
16.018
22.863
16.257
19.504
25.994
32.479
38.958
25.059
31.310
24.028
30.020
13.948
16.733
22.299
27.859
33.412
20.951
27.921
41.840

-1282
-1057
-1277
-1328
-1230
-1318
-1265
-1304
-1304
-1284
-1039
-1319
-1279
-1259
-1299
-1245
-1307
-1322
-905
-1221
-1312
-1301
-1289
-1299
-1276
-1246
-1317
-1020
-1224
-1326
-1275
-1301
-1191
-1303
-1283
114

115

at s = 0.25 h0
s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

Deflection s, Load F and Stress

s = 0.50 h0
s 0.75 h0
s
F

s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2] [mm] [N] [N/mm2]

0.150
0.288
0.250
0.163
0.350
0.313
0.225
0.300
0.225
0.213
0.325
0.275
0.200
0.175
0.163
0.400
0.300
0.213
0.400
0.450
0.363
0.288
0.238
0.350
0.275
0.325
0.275
0.400
0.400
0.325
0.250
0.213
0.488
0.400
0.263

0.300
0.575
0.500
0.325
0.700
0.625
0.450
0.600
0.450
0.425
0.650
0.550
0.400
0.350
0.325
0.800
0.600
0.425
0.800
0.900
0.725
0.575
0.475
0.700
0.550
0.650
0.550
0.800
0.800
0.650
0.500
0.425
0.975
0.800
0.525

1422
464
742
1487
918
1130
1501
1091
1547
1504
574
1051
1479
1774
2219
1057
1371
2328
768
1399
1848
2424
3238
1797
2352
1666
2429
866
1260
1774
2306
3227
1480
1938
3265

364
433
415
352
412
381
372
388
351
329
428
411
323
340
370
504
393
352
329
429
360
371
425
365
347
352
337
416
453
393
322
363
490
421
333

2776
723
1295
2891
1480
1957
2852
1905
2939
2871
889
1867
2838
3457
4357
1644
2465
4515
1195
2216
3289
4594
6304
3220
4477
3022
4624
1348
2058
3218
4424
6315
2292
3384
6322

760
797
778
737
761
712
795
727
752
703
788
773
669
712
766
928
740
741
606
791
677
795
888
687
742
664
721
766
840
743
669
755
902
790
703

0.450
0.860
0.750
0.490
1.050
0.940
0.680
0.900
0.680
0.640
0.980
0.830
0.600
0.530
0.490
1.200
0.900
0.640
1.200
1.350
1.090
0.860
0.710
1.050
0.830
0.980
0.830
1.200
1.200
0.980
0.750
0.640
1.460
1.200
0.790

4084
843
1723
4261
1806
2587
4128
2535
4254
4161
1033
2537
4117
5126
6473
1918
3374
6633
1395
2644
4467
6578
9225
4392
6485
4188
6699
1573
2548
4460
6418
9346
2659
4503
9267

1186
1093
1089
1157
1048
993
1270
1016
1204
1122
1079
1086
1064
1114
1189
1272
1043
1165
828
1085
1050
1273
1386
988
1185
938
1154
1051
1162
1049
1064
1176
1236
1105
1107

s = 1.00 h0
s
Fc

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

0.600
1.150
1.000
0.650
1.400
1.250
0.900
1.200
0.900
0.850
1.300
1.100
0.800
0.700
0.650
1.600
1.200
0.850
1.600
1.800
1.450
1.150
0.950
1.400
1.100
1.300
1.100
1.600
1.600
1.300
1.000
0.850
1.950
1.600
1.050

5370
897
2089
5562
2013
3106
5301
3073
5462
5377
1088
3107
5356
6672
8499
2037
4191
8656
1480
2878
5495
8512
12151
5440
8348
5217
8622
1670
2885
5556
8348
12261
2806
5458
12088

1644
1321
1348
1611
1271
1505
1797
1392
1707
1586
1302
1351
1500
1548
1639
1536
1317
1625
998
1311
1571
1805
1922
1475
1677
1372
1636
1269
1417
1349
1500
1626
1492
1369
1547

Dimensional Tables

60 100 mm Material: 1.4122 (X39 Cr Mo 17-1)

Article
No.

131 000
131 298
131 410
131 800
132 100
133 192
133 500
133 750
138 220
138 500
138 720
139 000
144 400
146 300
146 598
147 700
147 980
150 800
151 100
153 010
153 100
153 240
159 400
159 606
160 100
160 640
160 685
161 212
161 500
161 700
162 000
169 300
169 500
169 645
174 700

Ordering Dimensions

Weight/
1000 pcs.

De
[mm]

Di
[mm]

t
[mm]

l0
[mm]

h0
[mm]

h0/t

60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
63
63
63
63
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
71
71
71
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
90
90
90
100

20.5
20.5
20.5
25.5
25.5
30.5
30.5
30.5
31
31
31
31
25.5
30.5
30.5
35.5
35.5
40.5
40.5
36
36
36
31
31
31
36
36
41
41
41
41
46
46
46
41

2
2.5
3
2.5
3
2.5
3
3.5
1.8
2.5
3
3.5
2
2.5
3
3
4
4
5
2
2.5
4
2.5
3
4
3
4
2.25
3
4
5
2.5
3.5
5
4

4.1
4.2
4.4
4.1
4.3
4
4.2
4.55
4.1
4.15
4.4
4.7
4.5
4.7
4.8
4.7
5.2
5.1
5.9
4.6
4.5
5.3
5.3
5.4
5.8
5.3
5.7
5
5.2
5.6
6.3
5.7
5.8
6.6
6.8

2.10
1.70
1.40
1.60
1.30
1.50
1.20
1.05
2.30
1.65
1.40
1.20
2.50
2.20
1.80
1.70
1.20
1.10
0.90
2.60
2.00
1.30
2.80
2.40
1.80
2.30
1.70
2.75
2.20
1.60
1.30
3.20
2.30
1.60
2.80

1.05
0.68
0.47
0.64
0.43
0.60
0.40
0.30
1.28
0.66
0.47
0.34
1.25
0.88
0.60
0.57
0.30
0.28
0.18
1.30
0.80
0.33
1.12
0.80
0.45
0.77
0.43
1.22
0.73
0.40
0.26
1.28
0.66
0.32
0.70

[kg]

Stress
OM
at s = h0
[N/mm2]

38.242
47.786
57.324
44.320
53.163
40.115
48.117
56.110
32.573
45.214
54.234
63.247
51.150
59.715
71.633
65.661
87.480
78.305
97.792
45.078
56.326
90.018
81.874
98.222
130.891
92.159
122.804
63.925
85.190
113.508
141.787
90.032
125.968
179.789
200.275

-1303
-1319
-1303
-1305
-1272
-1329
-1276
-1303
-1306
-1301
-1325
-1325
-1152
-1330
-1306
-1326
-1248
-1265
-1293
-1314
-1264
-1314
-1251
-1287
-1287
-1294
-1275
-1240
-1323
-1282
-1303
-1264
-1272
-1264
-1301
116

117

at s = 0.25 h0
s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

Deflection s, Load F and Stress

s = 0.50 h0
s 0.75 h0
s
F

s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2] [mm] [N] [N/mm2]

0.525
0.425
0.350
0.400
0.325
0.375
0.300
0.263
0.575
0.413
0.350
0.300
0.625
0.550
0.450
0.425
0.300
0.275
0.225
0.650
0.500
0.325
0.700
0.600
0.450
0.575
0.425
0.688
0.550
0.400
0.325
0.800
0.575
0.400
0.700

1.050
0.850
0.700
0.800
0.650
0.750
0.600
0.525
1.150
0.825
0.700
0.600
1.250
1.100
0.900
0.850
0.600
0.550
0.450
1.300
1.000
0.650
1.400
1.200
0.900
1.150
0.850
1.375
1.100
0.800
0.650
1.600
1.150
0.800
1.400

2352
2812
3509
2709
3367
2689
3322
4424
2295
2738
3568
4577
2443
3282
3804
3783
5537
5560
8644
2903
2936
5886
3732
4305
6106
4224
5973
3254
4216
5936
8903
4294
5237
8832
7200

415
343
388
359
339
382
322
357
526
383
345
354
412
424
354
373
343
329
369
540
408
352
431
376
358
392
330
495
413
325
370
517
380
338
366

3857
5063
6642
4927
6418
4937
6374
8637
3572
4954
6754
8873
3826
5616
6984
7002
10809
10894
17134
4497
5128
11446
6020
7519
11598
7439
11403
5128
7489
11389
17482
6680
9483
17188
12898

769
686
832
679
725
725
669
745
969
724
666
745
759
791
670
709
715
684
755
994
765
737
796
704
767
735
706
912
777
669
766
952
717
709
689

1.580
1.280
1.050
1.200
0.980
1.130
0.900
0.790
1.730
1.240
1.050
0.900
1.880
1.650
1.350
1.280
0.900
0.830
0.680
1.950
1.500
0.980
2.100
1.800
1.350
1.730
1.280
2.060
1.650
1.200
0.980
2.400
1.730
1.200
2.100

4806
6961
9524
6816
9301
6916
9245
12747
4175
6833
9684
12982
4505
7318
9749
9876
15905
16172
25707
5219
6823
16868
7344
10005
16681
10004
16530
6078
10134
16519
25972
7796
13097
25225
17595

1061
1153
1332
1016
1158
1026
1064
1164
1328
1021
1074
1173
1039
1101
1033
1006
1117
1065
1159
1362
1070
1157
1097
984
1227
1031
1126
1254
1092
1064
1189
1305
1012
1111
987

s = 1.00 h0
s
Fc

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

2.100
1.700
1.400
1.600
1.300
1.500
1.200
1.050
2.300
1.650
1.400
1.200
2.500
2.200
1.800
1.700
1.200
1.100
0.900
2.600
2.000
1.300
2.800
2.400
1.800
2.300
1.700
2.750
2.200
1.600
1.300
3.200
2.300
1.600
2.800

5458
8630
12281
8541
11992
8699
12026
16710
4431
8517
12488
16997
4824
8705
12307
12499
20913
21187
33858
5505
8271
22020
8188
12127
21559
12192
21360
6573
12465
21488
34099
8276
16322
33104
21791

1326
1703
1888
1496
1637
1394
1500
1614
1603
1342
1531
1637
1253
1355
1509
1421
1549
1473
1581
1644
1325
1610
1331
1421
1738
1321
1591
1518
1357
1500
1639
1576
1284
1546
1472

Dimensional Tables

100 200 mm Material: 1.4122 (X39 Cr Mo 17-1)

Article
No.

174 750
175 590
176 000
176 275
176 500
176 900
183 308
183 400
183 750
005 215
189 050
189 190
189 302
190 252
190 508
190 700
190 998
003 097
199 158
199 400
202 698
005 216
203 073
001 038
207 898
000 127
213 742
000 489

Ordering Dimensions

Weight/
1000 pcs.

De
[mm]

Di
[mm]

t
[mm]

l0
[mm]

h0
[mm]

h0/t

100
100
100
100
100
100
112
112
112
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
140
140
150
150
150
160
160
180
180
200

41
51
51
51
51
51
57
57
57
41
51
51
51
61
61
64
64
71
72
72
61
61
71
82
82
92
92
102

5
2.7
3.5
4
5
6
3
4
6
4
4
5
6
5
6
3.5
5
6
3.8
5
5
6
6
4.3
6
4.8
6
5.5

7.2
6.3
6.3
6.5
7
7.7
6.7
7.2
8.1
8.2
8.4
8.5
9.4
8.3
8.7
8
8.2
8.4
8.7
9
10.1
10.25
10
9.9
10.3
10.8
11.1
12.5

2.20
3.60
2.80
2.50
2.00
1.70
3.70
3.20
2.10
4.20
4.40
3.50
3.40
3.30
2.70
4.50
3.20
2.40
4.90
4.00
5.10
4.25
4.00
5.60
4.30
6.00
5.10
7.00

0.44
1.33
0.80
0.63
0.40
0.28
1.23
0.80
0.35
1.05
1.10
0.70
0.57
0.66
0.45
1.29
0.64
0.40
1.29
0.80
1.02
0.71
0.67
1.30
0.72
1.25
0.85
1.27

[kg]

Stress
OM
at s = h0
[N/mm2]

250.230
120.314
155.895
178.116
222.523
266.881
167.989
223.876
335.486
335.918
313.759
392.056
470.297
358.240
429.708
243.002
346.916
381.861
330.005
434.011
565.721
678.661
630.814
489.219
682.231
692.651
865.497
981.059

-1277
-1243
-1253
-1279
-1279
-1304
-1130
-1303
-1283
-1195
-1306
-1299
-1514
-1316
-1292
-1292
-1312
-1276
-1221
-1312
-1313
-1313
-1309
-1206
-1292
-1138
-1209
-1231

118

119

at s = 0.25 h0
s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

Deflection s, Load F and Stress

s = 0.50 h0
s 0.75 h0
s
F

s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2] [mm] [N] [N/mm2]

0.550
0.900
0.700
0.625
0.500
0.425
0.925
0.800
0.525
1.050
1.100
0.875
0.850
0.825
0.675
1.125
0.800
0.600
1.225
1.000
1.275
1.063
1.000
1.400
1.075
1.500
1.275
1.750

1.100
1.800
1.400
1.250
1.000
0.850
1.850
1.600
1.050
2.100
2.200
1.750
1.700
1.650
1.350
2.250
1.600
1.200
2.450
2.000
2.550
2.125
2.000
2.800
2.150
3.000
2.550
3.500

9422
5139
5706
6729
9247
12939
5320
7750
13060
8625
9815
11233
17275
11078
13799
8638
10899
13292
9653
12189
14460
16448
15936
12339
16287
13903
16799
20106

346
519
405
374
323
363
452
421
333
376
454
365
392
387
332
530
388
337
502
426
438
370
381
498
400
459
402
501

17934
7906
9966
12280
17740
25322
8362
13535
25287
14146
15907
20124
31973
20045
26210
13423
19819
25500
14988
21288
23891
29404
28787
19107
29055
21773
28967
31331

741
955
760
708
669
755
833
790
703
695
839
687
781
730
664
975
733
647
925
798
813
697
720
917
753
846
752
923

1.650
2.700
2.100
1.880
1.500
1.280
2.780
2.400
1.580
3.150
3.300
2.630
2.550
2.480
2.030
3.380
2.400
1.800
3.680
3.000
3.830
3.190
3.000
4.200
3.230
4.500
3.830
5.250

25839
9092
13261
17084
25732
37476
9891
18011
37068
17598
19516
27491
44952
27647
37779
15646
27419
36988
17452
28327
29989
40055
39583
22161
39522
25621
38079
36637

1183
1306
1064
1001
1064
1176
1144
1105
1107
959
1157
988
1283
1030
1066
1337
1036
995
1267
1117
1125
994
1015
1256
1059
1161
1050
1265

s = 1.00 h0
s
Fc

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

2.200
3.600
2.800
2.500
2.000
1.700
3.700
3.200
2.100
4.200
4.400
3.500
3.400
3.300
2.700
4.500
3.200
2.400
4.900
4.000
5.100
4.250
4.000
5.600
4.300
6.000
5.100
7.000

33441
9487
16074
21422
33473
49165
10649
21831
48353
20016
21884
34000
57073
34460
48720
16573
34360
48114
18464
34335
34372
49496
49350
23358
48726
27458
45584
38983

1675
1574
1317
1318
1500
1627
1385
1369
1547
1253
1407
1475
1858
1365
1515
1614
1337
1405
1530
1383
1373
1487
1378
1516
1318
1405
1297
1529

Dimensional Tables

20 50 mm Material: 1.4923 (X22 Cr Mo V 12 1)

Article
No.

Ordering Dimensions
De
Di
t
t
l0
[mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm]

055 660
061 952
065 500
072 104
073 250
076 300
083 900
084 400
084 801
088 400
089 500
090 600
091 200
094 600
099 464
099 860
100 700
100 734
101 800
103 100
103 600
104 300
104 800
110 600
111 000
116 400
116 654
116 903
117 204
117 450
117 700
118 405
118 600
120 104
120 500

20
23
25
28
28
28
31.5
31.5
31.5
34
34
34
34
35.5
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
45
45
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50

10.2
12.2
12.2
10.2
12.2
14.2
16.3
16.3
16.3
12.3
14.3
16.3
16.3
18.3
14.3
14.3
16.3
16.3
18.3
20.4
20.4
20.4
20.4
22.4
22.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
20.4
20.4
22.4
22.4
25.4
25.4

1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.75
2
1.5
1.5
1.5
2
2
1.5
2
1.5
2
2
1.5
2
2.25
2.5
1.75
2.5
1.5
2
2.5
3
2
2.5
2
2.5
1.5
2

1.75
1.85
1.95
2.05
2.05
2.05
2.15
2.3
2.5
2.4
2.35
2.3
2.6
2.65
2.75
2.9
2.7
2.9
2.85
2.6
2.8
2.95
3.15
2.95
3.35
3.3
3.3
3.65
3.95
3.4
3.6
3.3
3.6
3.1
3.3

Weight/
1000 pcs.
h0
[mm]

h0/t

0.25
0.35
0.45
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.65
0.55
0.50
0.90
0.85
0.80
0.60
0.65
1.25
0.90
1.20
0.90
0.85
1.10
0.80
0.70
0.65
1.20
0.85
1.80
1.30
1.15
0.95
1.40
1.10
1.30
1.10
1.60
1.30

0.17
0.23
0.30
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.43
0.31
0.25
0.60
0.57
0.53
0.30
0.33
0.83
0.45
0.80
0.45
0.43
0.73
0.40
0.31
0.26
0.69
0.34
1.20
0.65
0.46
0.32
0.70
0.44
0.65
0.44
1.07
0.65

[kg]
2.652
3.412
4.278
6.118
5.714
5.237
6.529
7.614
8.697
9.040
8.560
8.008
10.669
11.097
12.572
16.754
12.019
16.017
15.190
10.665
14.211
15.981
17.751
16.018
22.863
19.504
25.994
32.479
38.958
25.059
31.310
24.028
30.020
16.733
22.299

Stress
OM
at s = h0
[N/mm2]
-1199
-1302
-1346
-1188
-1247
-1341
-1268
-1252
-1300
-1316
-1291
-1282
-1282
-1328
-1318
-1265
-1304
-1304
-1284
-1319
-1279
-1259
-1299
-1307
-1322
-1221
-1176
-1301
-1289
-1299
-1276
-1246
-1317
-1224
-1326
120

121

bei s = 0.25 h0
s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

Deflection s, Load F and Stress

s = 0.50 h0
s 0.75 h0
s
F

s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2] [mm] [N] [N/mm2]

s = 1.00 h0
s
Fc

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

0.063
0.088
0.113
0.138
0.138
0.138
0.163
0.138
0.125
0.225
0.213
0.200
0.150
0.163
0.313
0.225
0.300
0.225
0.213
0.275
0.200
0.175
0.163
0.300
0.213
0.450
0.325
0.288
0.238
0.350
0.275
0.325
0.275
0.400
0.325

0.125
0.175
0.225
0.275
0.275
0.275
0.325
0.275
0.250
0.450
0.425
0.400
0.300
0.325
0.625
0.450
0.600
0.450
0.425
0.550
0.400
0.350
0.325
0.600
0.425
0.900
0.650
0.575
0.475
0.700
0.550
0.650
0.550
0.800
0.650

0.250 2824 1584

0.350 3068 1628
0.450 3172 1708
0.550 2799 1739
0.550 2938 1636
0.550 3159 1607
0.650 2988 1448
0.550 4014 1524
0.500 5447 1636
0.900 3102 1713
0.850 3042 1555
0.800 3021 1450
0.600 5370 1644
0.650 5562 1611
1.250 3106 1505
0.900 5301 1797
1.200 3073 1392
0.900 5462 1707
0.850 5377 1586
1.100 3107 1351
0.800 5356 1500
0.700 6672 1548
0.650 8499 1639
1.200 4191 1317
0.850 8656 1625
1.800 2878 1311
1.300 4927 1472
1.150 8512 1805
0.950 12151 1922
1.400 5440 1475
1.100 8348 1677
1.300 5217 1372
1.100 8622 1636
1.600 2885 1417
1.300 5556 1349

719
794
840
761
799
859
839
1069
1418
959
921
896
1422
1487
1130
1501
1091
1547
1504
1051
1479
1774
2219
1371
2328
1399
1573
2424
3238
1797
2352
1666
2429
1260
1774

372
371
378
376
351
343
330
334
370
333
338
346
364
352
381
372
388
351
329
411
323
340
370
393
352
429
309
371
425
365
347
352
337
453
393

1427
1565
1639
1470
1543
1659
1599
2081
2788
1760
1704
1671
2776
2891
1957
2852
1905
2939
2871
1867
2838
3457
4357
2465
4515
2216
2854
4594
6304
3220
4477
3022
4624
2058
3218

760
767
789
791
741
725
637
700
767
714
653
657
760
737
712
795
727
752
703
773
669
712
766
740
741
791
599
795
888
687
742
664
721
840
743

0.190
0.260
0.340
0.410
0.410
0.410
0.490
0.410
0.380
0.680
0.640
0.600
0.450
0.490
0.940
0.680
0.900
0.680
0.640
0.830
0.600
0.530
0.490
0.900
0.640
1.350
0.980
0.860
0.710
1.050
0.830
0.980
0.830
1.200
0.980

2155
2299
2429
2131
2237
2406
2317
3040
4178
2472
2404
2366
4084
4261
2587
4128
2535
4254
4161
2537
4117
5126
6473
3374
6633
2644
3955
6578
9225
4392
6485
4188
6699
2548
4460

1164
1186
1232
1245
1169
1147
1021
1096
1188
1178
1072
1004
1186
1157
993
1270
1016
1204
1122
1086
1064
1114
1189
1043
1165
1085
1001
1273
1386
988
1185
938
1154
1162
1049

Dimensional Tables

50 90 mm Material: 1.4923 (X22 Cr Mo V 12 1)

Article
No.

Ordering Dimensions
De
Di
t
t
l0
[mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm]

120 900
121 100
128 598
128 700
129 100
131 100
131 300
131 412
131 900
132 200
133 194
133 600
133 830
003 085
138 600
138 850
146 400
146 600
147 800
148 050
150 600
151 200
153 012
153 200
153 400
159 500
159 660
160 650
160 660
161 230
161 475
161 800
162 100
169 400
169 600

50
50
56
56
56
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
63
63
63
70
70
70
70
70
70
71
71
71
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
80
90
90

25.4
25.4
28.5
28.5
28.5
20.5
20.5
20.5
25.5
25.5
30.5
30.5
30.5
31
31
31
30.5
30.5
35.5
35.5
40.5
40.5
36
36
36
31
31
36
36
41
41
41
41
46
46

2.5
3
1.5
2
3
2
2.5
3
2.5
3
2.5
3
3.5
1.8
2.5
3.5
2.5
3
3
4
4
5
2
2.5
4
2.5
3
3
4
2.25
3
4
5
2.5
3.5

3.5
3.85
3.45
3.6
4.05
4.1
4.2
4.4
4.1
4.3
4
4.2
4.55
4.1
4.15
4.7
4.7
4.8
4.7
5.2
5.1
5.9
4.6
4.5
5.3
5.3
5.4
5.3
5.7
5
5.2
5.6
6.3
5.7
5.8

Weight/
1000 pcs.
h0
[mm]

h0/t

1.00
0.85
1.95
1.60
1.05
2.10
1.70
1.40
1.60
1.30
1.50
1.20
1.05
2.30
1.65
1.20
2.20
1.80
1.70
1.20
1.10
0.90
2.60
2.00
1.30
2.80
2.40
2.30
1.70
2.75
2.20
1.60
1.30
3.20
2.30

0.40
0.28
1.30
0.80
0.35
1.05
0.68
0.47
0.64
0.43
0.60
0.40
0.30
1.28
0.66
0.34
0.88
0.60
0.57
0.30
0.28
0.18
1.30
0.80
0.33
1.12
0.80
0.77
0.43
1.22
0.73
0.40
0.26
1.28
0.66

[kg]

Stress
OM
at s = h0
[N/mm2]

27.859
33.412
20.951
27.921
41.840
38.242
47.786
57.324
44.320
53.163
40.115
48.117
56.110
32.573
45.214
63.247
59.715
71.633
65.661
87.480
78.305
97.792
45.078
56.326
90.018
81.874
98.222
92.159
122.804
63.925
85.190
113.508
141.787
90.032
125.968

-1275
-1301
-1191
-1303
-1283
-1303
-1319
-1303
-1305
-1272
-1329
-1276
-1303
-1306
-1301
-1325
-1330
-1306
-1326
-1248
-1265
-1293
-1314
-1264
-1314
-1251
-1287
-1294
-1275
-1240
-1323
-1282
-1303
-1264
-1272
122

123

bei s = 0.25 h0
s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

Deflection s, Load F and Stress

s = 0.50 h0
s 0.75 h0
s
F

s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2] [mm] [N] [N/mm2]

s = 1.00 h0
s
Fc

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

0.250
0.213
0.488
0.400
0.263
0.525
0.425
0.350
0.400
0.325
0.375
0.300
0.263
0.575
0.413
0.300
0.550
0.450
0.425
0.300
0.275
0.225
0.650
0.500
0.325
0.700
0.600
0.575
0.425
0.688
0.550
0.400
0.325
0.800
0.575

0.500
0.425
0.975
0.800
0.525
1.050
0.850
0.700
0.800
0.650
0.750
0.600
0.525
1.150
0.825
0.600
1.100
0.900
0.850
0.600
0.550
0.450
1.300
1.000
0.650
1.400
1.200
1.150
0.850
1.375
1.100
0.800
0.650
1.600
1.150

1.000
0.850
1.950
1.600
1.050
2.100
1.700
1.400
1.600
1.300
1.500
1.200
1.050
2.300
1.650
1.200
2.200
1.800
1.700
1.200
1.100
0.900
2.600
2.000
1.300
2.800
2.400
2.300
1.700
2.750
2.200
1.600
1.300
3.200
2.300

2306
3227
1480
1938
3265
2352
2812
3509
2709
3367
2689
3322
4424
2295
2738
4577
3282
3804
3783
5537
5560
8644
2903
2936
5886
3732
4305
4224
5973
3254
4216
5936
8903
4294
5237

322
363
490
421
333
415
343
388
359
339
382
322
357
526
383
354
424
354
373
343
329
369
540
408
352
431
376
392
330
495
413
325
370
517
380

4424
6315
2292
3384
6322
3857
5063
6642
4927
6418
4937
6374
8637
3572
4954
8873
5616
6984
7002
10809
10894
17134
4497
5128
11446
6020
7519
7439
11403
5128
7489
11389
17482
6680
9483

669
755
902
790
703
769
686
832
679
725
725
669
745
969
724
745
791
670
709
715
684
755
994
765
737
796
704
735
706
912
777
669
766
952
717

0.750
0.640
1.460
1.200
0.790
1.580
1.280
1.050
1.200
0.980
1.130
0.900
0.790
1.730
1.240
0.900
1.650
1.350
1.280
0.900
0.830
0.680
1.950
1.500
0.980
2.100
1.800
1.730
1.280
2.060
1.650
1.200
0.980
2.400
1.730

6418
9346
2659
4503
9267
4806
6961
9524
6816
9301
6916
9245
12747
4175
6833
12982
7318
9749
9876
15905
16172
25707
5219
6823
16868
7344
10005
10004
16530
6078
10134
16519
25972
7796
13097

1064
1176
1236
1105
1107
1061
1153
1332
1016
1158
1026
1064
1164
1328
1021
1173
1101
1033
1006
1117
1065
1159
1362
1070
1157
1097
984
1031
1126
1254
1092
1064
1189
1305
1012

8348
12261
2806
5458
12088
5458
8630
12281
8541
11992
8699
12026
16710
4431
8517
16997
8705
12307
12499
20913
21187
33858
5505
8271
22020
8188
12127
12192
21360
6573
12465
21488
34099
8276
16322

1500
1626
1492
1369
1547
1326
1703
1888
1496
1637
1394
1500
1614
1603
1342
1637
1355
1509
1421
1549
1473
1581
1644
1325
1610
1331
1421
1321
1591
1518
1357
1500
1639
1576
1284

Dimensional Tables

90 200 mm Material: 1.4923 (X22 Cr Mo V 12 1)

Article
No.

Ordering Dimensions

Weight/
1000 pcs.

De
Di
t
t
l0
h0 h0/t
[mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm]
169 800
174 704
174 752
175 591
176 002
176 300
176 600
177 000
183 310
183 320
183 800
188 970
189 052
189 200
190 253
190 510
001 490
190 701
001 526
004 718
192 600
192 904
193 194
199 160
199 444
202 700
203 075
002 858
001 242
208 310
213 744
213 937
000 212
003 095
218 909

90
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
112
112
112
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
125
140
140
150
150
150
160
160
180
180
200
200
200

46
41
41
51
51
51
51
51
57
57
57
41
51
51
61
61
61
64
64
64
71
71
71
72
72
61
71
81
82
82
92
92
82
92
92

5
4
5
2.7
3.5
4
5
6
3
4
6
4
4
5
5
6
8
7.5
3.5
5
8
7.5
6
8
7.4
10
9.2
3.8
5
5
6
8
7.5
6
10
9.4
6
10
9.4
8
7.6
10
9.5
12 11.4

6.6
6.8
7.2
6.3
6.3
6.5
7
7.7
6.7
7.2
8.1
8.2
8.4
8.5
8.3
8.7
10
8
8.3
10
8.4
9.8
11.5
8.7
9
10.1
10
10.7
10.3
12.6
11.1
13.3
13.6
14.3
15.6

1.60
2.80
2.20
3.60
2.80
2.50
2.00
1.70
3.70
3.20
2.10
4.20
4.40
3.50
3.30
2.70
2.00
4.50
3.30
2.00
2.40
1.80
1.50
4.90
4.00
5.10
4.00
2.70
4.30
2.60
5.10
3.30
5.60
4.30
3.60

[kg]

Stress
OM
at s = h0
[N/mm2]

179.789
200.275
250.230
120.314
155.895
178.116
222.523
266.881
167.989
223.876
335.486
335.918
313.759
392.056
358.240
429.708
536.796
243.002
346.916
519.800
381.861
470.633
584.586
330.005
434.011
565.721
630.814
719.402
682.231
1067.576
865.497
1354.537
1523.868
1804.099
2163.894

-1264
-1301
-1277
-1243
-1253
-1279
-1279
-1304
-1130
-1303
-1283
-1195
-1306
-1299
-1316
-1292
-1301
-1292
-1353
-1338
-1276
-1306
-1368
-1221
-1312
-1313
-1309
-1295
-1292
-1326
-1209
-1324
-1300
-1314
-1327

h0/t

0.32
0.70
0.44
1.33
0.80
0.63
0.40
0.28
1.23
0.80
0.35
1.05
1.10
0.70
0.66
0.45
0.33
1.29
0.66
0.33
0.40
0.32
0.25
1.29
0.80
1.02
0.67
0.43
0.72
0.34
0.85
0.41
0.79
0.51
0.37

124

125

bei s = 0.25 h0
s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

Deflection s, Load F and Stress

s = 0.50 h0
s 0.75 h0
s
F

s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2] [mm] [N] [N/mm2]

s = 1.00 h0
s
Fc

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

0.400
0.700
0.550
0.900
0.700
0.625
0.500
0.425
0.925
0.800
0.525
1.050
1.100
0.875
0.825
0.675
0.500
1.125
0.825
0.500
0.600
0.450
0.375
1.225
1.000
1.275
1.000
0.675
1.075
0.650
1.275
0.825
1.400
1.075
0.900

0.800 17188
1.400 12898
1.100 17934
1.800
7906
1.400
9966
1.250 12280
1.000 17740
0.850 25322
1.850
8362
1.600 13535
1.050 25287
2.100 14146
2.200 15907
1.750 20124
1.650 20045
1.350 26210
1.000 44284
2.250 13423
1.650 20611
1.000 45535
1.200 25500
0.900 44138
0.750 70798
2.450 14988
2.000 21288
2.550 23891
2.000 28787
1.350 45331
2.150 29055
1.300 70741
2.550 28967
1.650 72166
2.800 53021
2.150 74144
1.800 103089

1.600 33104
2.800 21791
2.200 33441
3.600 9487
2.800 16074
2.500 21422
2.000 33473
1.700 49165
3.700 10649
3.200 21831
2.100 48353
4.200 20016
4.400 21884
3.500 34000
3.300 34460
2.700 48720
2.000 84629
4.500 16573
3.300 35433
2.000 87019
2.400 48114
1.800 84525
1.500 138102
4.900 18464
4.000 34335
5.100 34372
4.000 49350
2.700 84211
4.300 48726
2.600 134941
5.100 45584
3.300 134612
5.600 84741
4.300 134175
3.600 195220

8832
7200
9422
5139
5706
6729
9247
12939
5320
7750
13060
8625
9815
11233
11078
13799
22799
8638
11391
23443
13292
22678
35942
9635
12189
14460
15936
23766
16287
36468
16799
37743
30338
39552
53428

338
366
346
519
405
374
323
363
452
421
333
376
454
365
387
332
339
530
405
338
337
338
353
502
426
438
381
352
400
333
402
348
396
351
348

709
689
741
955
760
708
669
755
833
790
703
695
839
687
730
664
708
975
765
707
647
658
725
925
798
813
720
678
753
697
752
671
744
672
733

1.200
2.100
1.650
2.700
2.100
1.880
1.500
1.280
2.780
2.400
1.580
3.150
3.300
2.630
2.480
2.030
1.500
3.380
2.480
1.500
1.800
1.350
1.130
3.680
3.000
3.830
3.000
2.030
3.230
1.950
3.830
2.480
4.200
3.230
2.700

25225
17595
25839
9092
13261
17084
25732
37476
9891
18011
37068
17598
19516
27491
27647
37779
64785
15646
28428
66615
36988
64660
105229
17452
28327
29989
39583
65426
39522
103379
38079
104347
70379
105346
150010

1111
987
1183
1306
1064
1001
1064
1176
1144
1105
1107
959
1157
988
1030
1066
1108
1337
1079
1106
995
1009
1115
1267
1117
1125
1015
978
1059
1093
1050
1030
1044
1027
1154

1546
1472
1675
1574
1317
1318
1500
1627
1385
1369
1547
1253
1407
1475
1365
1515
1538
1614
1362
1536
1405
1399
1525
1530
1383
1373
1378
1361
1318
1520
1297
1453
1305
1473
1613

Dimensional Tables

200 250 mm Material: 1.4923 (X22 Cr Mo V 12 1)

Article
No.

Ordering Dimensions

Weight/
1000 pcs.

De
Di
t
t
l0
h0 h0/t
[mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm]
000 436
219 400
004 014
002 226
003 739
223 110
001 030
226 660
003 913
004 175
002 618

200
200
200
200
200
225
250
250
250
250
250

102
102
102
102
112
112
127
127
127
127
127

5.5
8
12
14
14
8
7
10
12
14
16

11.3
13.1
12.9
7.5
6.7
11.25
13.1

12.38
13.1
15.4
16.9
15.6
14.5
14.8
16.4
17.3
18.55
20

6.88
5.10
3.40
2.90
1.60
6.50
7.80
6.40
5.30
4.55
4.00

981.059
1426.016
2012.423
2331.832
2129.412
1721.243
1873.549
2794.326
3142.758
3658.086
4465.057

-1210
-1304
-1326
-1326
-790
-1285
-1101
-1306
-1311
-1321
-1306

h0/t

1.25
0.64
0.36
0.29
0.21
0.93
1.21
0.64
0.54
0.42
0.25

[kg]

Stress
OM
at s = h0
[N/mm2]

126

bei s = 0.25 h0
s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

Deflection s, Load F and Stress

s = 0.50 h0
s 0.75 h0
s
F

s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2] [mm] [N] [N/mm2]

s = 1.00 h0
s
Fc

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

1.720
1.275
0.850
0.725
0.400
1.625
1.950
1.600
1.325
1.138
1.000

3.440
2.550
1.700
1.450
0.800
3.250
3.900
3.200
2.650
2.275
2.000

6.880 38315
5.100 87404
3.400 194407
2.900 264003
1.600 156338
6.500 83197
7.800 55075
6.400 136773
5.300 191591
4.550 262776
4.000 350139

19415
27679
53088
69822
40143
33348
27287
43384
57731
73747
91125

488
384
335
353
215
457
444
385
375
348
376

30399
50362
102553
136621
79488
56219
43146
78891
107399
140980
179173

899
727
685
731
439
854
822
728
716
670
778

5.160
3.830
2.550
2.180
1.200
4.880
5.850
4.800
3.980
3.410
3.000

35762
69787
149344
201549
118174
71819
51201
109145
151423
203283
265169

1234
1027
1079
1134
670
1193
1132
1028
1023
1026
1206

1492
1334
1507
1563
911
1472
1376
1337
1333
1447
1660

127

Dimensional Tables

9.5 Dimension Tables for SCHNORR K Disc Springs

Non-slotted springs
Article
No.

241200
241400
241600
241700
241800
241900
242100
242200
242300
242500
242600
242800
242900
243000
243100
243200
243300
243400
243500
243600
243700
243800
243900
244000
244100
244200
244300
244400
244500
244600
244700
244800
244900
245000

Ordering Dimensions
De
[mm]

Di
t
l0
[mm] [mm] [mm]

h0
[mm]

h0/t

9.8
12.8
15.8
18.8
18.8
21.8
23.7
25.7
27.7
29.7
31.7
34.6
34.6
36.6
39.6
41.6
46.5
51.5
54.5
61.5
67.5
71.5
71.5
74.5
79.5
79.5
84.5
89.5
89.5
94.5
99.0
99.0
109.0
109.0

6.2
7.2
8.2
9.2
10.2
12.3
14.3
14.3
17.3
17.4
20.4
20.4
22.4
20.4
25.5
25.5
30.5
35.5
40.5
40.5
50.5
45.5
50.5
55.5
50.5
55.5
60.5
60.5
65.5
75.5
65.5
70.5
70.5
75.5

0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.35
0.40
0.50
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.80
0.80
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
1.10
1.00
1.40
1.40
1.10
1.50
1.50
1.60
1.60
1.60
1.20
1.60
1.60
1.45
1.45

1.00
1.00
1.20
1.17
1.00
1.14
1.25
1.25
1.50
1.75
1.75
1.75
1.40
1.60
1.60
1.80
1.50
1.50
1.50
1.57
1.43
2.00
2.00
1.38
1.88
1.88
1.78
1.78
1.78
1.20
1.60
1.60
1.16
1.16

0.2
0.25
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.35
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.9
0.9
0.9
1
1
1
1.25
1.25

0.4
0.5
0.55
0.65
0.7
0.75
0.9
0.90
1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.8
1.7
2.1
2.1
1.9
2.3
2.3
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.2
2.6
2.6
2.7
2.7

Spring Load F and Deflection s

at s 0.75 h0
F
s
[N]
[mm]
23
29
23
31
51
46
81
63
80
83
81
61
118
110
110
113
153
135
141
176
161
185
218
211
228
263
359
288
335
325
292
332
357
398

0.15
0.19
0.23
0.26
0.26
0.30
0.38
0.38
0.45
0.53
0.53
0.53
0.53
0.60
0.60
0.68
0.68
0.68
0.68
0.83
0.75
1.05
1.05
0.83
1.13
1.13
1.20
1.20
1.20
0.90
1.20
1.20
1.09
1.09
128

 9.8 109 mm
Weight/
1000 pcs.

Ball-Bearing Type

Ball-Bearing Dimension
Outer dia.

Inner dia.

[kg]
0.068
0.167
0.275
0.487
0.526
0.684
0.862
1.105
1.132
1.406
1.422
1.894
2.103
2.805
2.783
3.282
4.486
5.059
4.822
9.121
8.505
12.99
10.90
11.99
18.40
15.78
19.05
23.86
20.36
19.57
33.64
29.44
52.80
47.17
129

623(EL3)
624(EL4)
625(EL5) 634(R4)
626(EL6) 635(R5)
607(EL7)
608(EL8) 627(R7)
609(EL9)
6000
629(R9)
6001
6200
6002
6201
6300
6003

6202
6301
6203

6004
6005
6006
6007
6008

6204
6205

6302
6303
6304

6206

6305
6306

6207
6009
6307
6010

6208
6209

6011
6012

6210

6013

6211

6308

6309
6310
6014

6212

10
13
16
16
19
22
24
26
28
30
32
35
35
37
40
42
47
52
55
62
68
72
72
75
80
80
85
90
90
95
100
100
110
110

3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
12

15

17

20
25

30
35
40

45

50

55
60
65

70

4
5

10
12

15

17

20
25

30

35

40
45

50

55

60

10

12

15
17
20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Dimensional Tables

114 358 mm
Non-slotted springs
Article
No.

245100
245200
245300
245400
245500
245600
245700
245800
245900
246000
246100
246200
246300
246400
246500
246600
246700
246800
246900
247000
247100
247200
247300
247400
247500
247600
247700
247800
247900
248000
248100
248200
248300
248400

Ordering Dimensions
De
[mm]

Di
t
l0
[mm] [mm] [mm]

114
119
119
124
129
129
139
139
149
149
159
159
169
169
179
179
189
189
198
198
213
223
228
238
248
258
268
278
288
298
308
318
338
358

90.5
75.5
85.5
90.5
85.5
95.5
90.5
101
95.5
106
101
111
111
121
121
126
121
131
131
141
151
161
161
161
171
171
181
181
191
191
202
212
232
242

1.25
1.25
1.25
1.25
1.25
1.25
1.25
1.25
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
2
2
2
2
2
2
2.25
2.25
2.25
2.25
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.75
2.75
3
3
3
3

2.45
2.8
2.8
3
3.2
3.2
3.25
3.25
3.2
3.2
3.5
3.5
3.8
3.8
4.2
4.2
4.3
4.3
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.6
4.95
5.25
5
5.5
5.7
6
5.75
6.35
6.1
6.2
6.6
7

h0
[mm]

h0/t

1.20
1.55
1.55
1.75
1.95
1.95
2.00
2.00
1.70
1.70
2.00
2.00
2.30
2.30
2.20
2.20
2.30
2.30
2.50
2.50
2.25
2.35
2.70
3.00
2.50
3.00
3.20
3.50
3.00
3.60
3.10
3.20
3.60
4.00

0.96
1.24
1.24
1.40
1.56
1.56
1.60
1.60
1.13
1.13
1.33
1.33
1.53
1.53
1.10
1.10
1.15
1.15
1.25
1.25
1.00
1.04
1.20
1.33
1.00
1.20
1.28
1.40
1.09
1.31
1.03
1.07
1.20
1.33

Spring Load F and Deflection s

at s 0.75 h0
F
s
[N]
[mm]
398
320
393
445
405
500
354
429
379
450
412
477
470
546
864
928
759
858
812
923
941
942
1036
1021
1005
1106
1155
1155
1145
1307
1300
1302
1415
1424

0.90
1.16
1.16
1.31
1.46
1.46
1.50
1.50
1.28
1.28
1.50
1.50
1.73
1.73
1.65
1.65
1.73
1.73
1.88
1.88
1.69
1.76
2.03
2.25
1.88
2.25
2.40
2.63
2.25
2.70
2.33
2.40
2.70
3.00
130

Weight/
1000 pcs.

Ball-Bearing Type

Ball-Bearing Dimension
Outer dia.

Inner dia.

[kg]
36.49
64.71
52.28
54.75
71.28
57.31
85.11
69.58
120.1
100.5
138.5
118.9
149.2
127.7
213.1
197.8
258.3
227.1
270.0
236.4
310.9
328.0
359.2
423.8
494.5
572.2
598.7
682.7
783.7
883.0
995.2
1034
1112
1281
131

6015
6311
6016

6213
6214

6017

6215

6018

6216

6020

6217

6021

6218

6312
6313
6314
6315
6316
6022

6219

6024

6220

6317
6318
6221
6319
6026

6222
6224

6030

6320
6321

6226
6032

6322
6228

6034

6324
6230

6036
6038

6326
6232
6328

6040
6044
6048

6234
6236
6238
6240

6330
6332
6334

115
120
120
125
130
130
140
140
150
150
160
160
170
170
180
180
190
190
200
200
215
225
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
340
360

75

80

85

90

100

105

110

120

130

150

160

170

180
190

200

220
240

65
70

75

80

85

90

95

100

105

110
120

130

140

150

160

170
180
190
200

55

60

65

70

75

80

85

90

95

100
105

110

120

130

140

150
160
170

Dimensional Tables

9.8 94.5 mm
Slotted springs
Article
No.

241150
241350
241650
241675
241750
241850
242050
242150
242250
242450
242550
242750
242850
242950
243050
243150
243250
243350
243450
243550
243650
243750
243850
243950
244125
244150
244250
244350
244450
244550

Ordering Dimensions
De
Di
[mm] [mm]

t
l0
[mm] [mm]

9.8
12.8
15.8
18.8
18.8
21.8
23.7
25.7
27.7
29.7
31.7
34.6
34.6
36.6
39.6
41.6
46.5
51.5
54.5
61.5
67.5
71.5
71.5
74.5
79.5
79.5
84.5
89.5
89.5
94.5

0.15
0.2
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.3
0.3
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.4
0.4
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.55
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.75
0.8
0.8
0.8

6.2
7.2
8.2
9.2
10.2
12.3
14.3
14.3
17.3
17.3
20.4
20.4
22.4
20.4
25.5
25.5
30.5
35.5
40.5
40.5
50.5
45.5
50.5
55.5
50.5
55.5
60.5
60.5
65.5
75.5

0.6
0.65
0.75
1
1.05
1.25
1.3
1.4
1.45
1.55
1.55
1.65
1.55
1.9
1.9
2.05
2.05
2.1
2.15
2.55
2.6
2.9
2.9
2.9
3.1
2.9
3.15
3.3
3.4
3.45

h0
[mm]

h0W/t

0.45
0.45
0.50
0.75
0.80
1.00
1.00
1.10
1.10
1.20
1.20
1.30
1.20
1.50
1.50
1.60
1.60
1.65
1.70
2.00
2.10
2.30
2.30
2.30
2.40
2.20
2.40
2.50
2.60
2.65

1.00
0.92
0.74
0.97
1.15
1.47
1.21
1.19
1.03
1.30
1.30
1.10
1.18
1.44
1.22
1.13
1.11
1.26
1.75
1.21
1.36
1.47
1.83
1.31
1.36
1.51
0.87
1.08
1.35
1.39

Spring Load F and Deflection s

at s 0.75 h0
F
s
[N]
[mm]
13
18
20
20
24
24
25
28
31
32
33
32
32
35
37
39
44
47
53
54
78
74
127
91
83
127
78
104
189
206

0.35
0.35
0.40
0.55
0.60
0.75
0.75
0.80
0.80
0.90
0.90
1.00
0.90
1.10
1.10
1.20
1.20
1.25
1.30
1.50
1.60
1.70
1.70
1.70
1.80
1.65
1.80
1.90
1.95
2.00

132

Weight/
1000 pcs.

Ball-Bearing Type

Ball-Bearing Dimension
Outer dia.

Inner dia.

[kg]
0.050
0.130
0.280
0.440
0.320
0.420
0.660
0.700
0.984
1.200
1.270
1.650
1.500
2.280
1.920
2.500
2.840
3.070
3.200
6.050
5.500
9.600
8.200
7.580
16.26
14.50
13.00
18.10
16.00
13.30

133

623(EL3)
624(EL4)
625(EL5)
626(EL6)
607(EL7)
608(EL8)
609(EL9)
6000
6001

634(R4)
635(R5)
627(R7)
629(R9)

6002

6200
6201

6003

6202

6300
6301
6203
6004
6005
6006
6007
6008

6204
6205

6302
6303
6304

6206

6305
6306

6207
6009
6307
6010

6208
6209

6011
6012

6210

6308

10
13
16
16
19
22
24
26
28
30
32
35
35
37
40
42
47
52
55
62
68
72
72
75
80
80
85
90
90
95

3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
12

15

17

20
25

30
35
40

45

50

55
60

4
5

10
12

15

17

20
25

30

35

40
45

50

10

12

15
17
20

25

30

35

40

Dimensional Tables

9.6 Dimension Tables for SCHNORR Z Disc Springs

Article
No.

248500
248600
248700
248800
248900
249000
249100
249200
249300
249400
249500
249600
249700
249800
249900
250000
250100
250200
250300
250400
250500
250600
250700
250800
250900
251000
251100

Designation

Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
12a
12b
12c
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

Ordering Dimensions
De
[mm]

Di
t
l0
[mm] [mm] [mm]

h0
[mm]

h0/t

[kg]

Stress
OM
at s = h0
[N/mm2]

9.53
12.7
12.7
17.46
17.46
19.05
19.05
19.05
19.05
25.4
25.4
25.4
28
28
28
34.92
34.92
34.92
38.1
38.1
38.1
50.8
50.8
50.8
60.33
60.33
60.33

4.96
6.55
6.55
9.7
9.7
8.13
8.13
9.7
9.7
11.3
11.3
11.3
13
13
13
16.18
16.18
16.18
19.35
19.35
19.35
25.8
25.8
25.8
25.8
25.8
25.8

0.30
0.40
0.40
0.50
0.50
0.60
0.60
0.55
0.55
0.80
0.80
0.65
0.90
0.85
0.70
1.15
1.10
0.80
1.40
1.10
0.90
1.50
1.50
1.20
2.00
2.00
1.60

0.75
0.80
0.67
0.83
0.71
0.86
0.75
0.69
0.61
0.89
0.80
0.52
0.90
0.68
0.47
0.92
0.73
0.40
0.93
0.55
0.36
0.75
0.60
0.40
1.00
0.80
0.53

0.154
0.348
0.419
0.750
0.877
1.241
1.370
1.267
1.429
2.766
3.081
3.867
3.666
4.564
5.462
7.117
8.517
11.38
9.574
12.79
16.13
22.77
28.38
33.87
35.66
44.57
53.30

1687
1574
1888
1318
1538
1342
1533
1526
1717
1314
1460
1483
1376
1624
1605
1412
1620
1571
1818
1905
1948
1461
1827
1753
1275
1594
1530

0.4
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.8
0.9
0.9
1
1.25
1
1.25
1.5
1.25
1.5
2
1.5
2
2.5
2
2.5
3
2
2.5
3

0.7
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.35
1.45
1.7
1.8
1.9
1.9
2.1
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
2.9
3.1
3.4
3.5
4
4.2
4
4.5
4.6

Weight/
1000 pcs.

134

at s = 0.25 h0
s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

0.08
0.10
0.10
0.13
0.13
0.15
0.15
0.14
0.14
0.20
0.20
0.16
0.23
0.21
0.18
0.29
0.28
0.20
0.35
0.28
0.23
0.38
0.38
0.30
0.50
0.50
0.40

135

97
146
230
181
263
255
352
335
453
423
543
714
552
866
1081
898
1291
1818
1683
2391
3459
2095
3695
4565
2211
3703
4278

535
511
569
449
490
419
451
463
498
424
449
385
453
474
409
470
487
411
630
531
502
459
525
442
429
483
395

Deflection s , Load F and Stress

s = 0.50 h0
s 0.75 h0
s
F

s
F

[mm] [N] [N/mm2] [mm] [N] [N/mm2]

s = 1.00 h0
s
Fc

[mm] [N] [N/mm2]

0.15
0.20
0.20
0.25
0.25
0.30
0.30
0.28
0.28
0.40
0.40
0.33
0.45
0.43
0.35
0.58
0.55
0.40
0.70
0.55
0.45
0.75
0.75
0.60
1.00
1.00
0.80

0.30 283
0.40 412
0.40 712
0.50 497
0.50 789
0.60 688
0.60 1028
0.55 1023
0.55 1457
0.80 1114
0.80 1529
0.65 2426
0.90 1441
0.85 2658
0.70 3783
1.15 2310
1.10 3818
0.80 6582
1.40 4285
1.10 7980
0.90 12752
1.50 6121
1.50 11955
1.20 16526
2.00 5341
2.00 10431
1.60 14419

171
255
415
313
470
439
622
602
830
722
948
1336
939
1559
2046
1522
2294
3489
2842
4442
6686
3706
6784
8759
3672
6467
7979

1005
959
1074
840
923
783
847
873
943
790
840
756
846
893
838
875
916
873
1175
1009
1059
863
995
920
797
904
791

0.23
0.30
0.30
0.38
0.38
0.45
0.45
0.41
0.41
0.60
0.60
0.49
0.68
0.64
0.53
0.86
0.83
0.60
1.05
0.83
0.68
1.13
1.13
0.90
1.50
1.50
1.20

231
340
571
413
639
576
839
824
1156
939
1261
1896
1218
2138
2933
1962
3104
5060
3651
6268
9757
4994
9470
12705
4631
8605
11295

1412
1342
1515
1175
1299
1091
1188
1230
1334
1101
1176
1043
1177
1258
1117
1217
1286
1054
1633
1435
1327
1211
1410
1221
1103
1264
1067

1753
1662
1892
1453
1619
1345
1639
1534
1787
1354
1469
1769
1448
1718
1922
1495
1659
1953
2006
2059
2341
1504
1916
2062
1349
1647
1858

136

Security Elements for

Bolted Connections

Chapter 10

137

Security Elements for Bolted Connections

10.1 Original SCHNORR Safety Washers ........................................................................ 139
Dimension Table for S Series Safety Washers .................................................... 140
Dimension Table for VS Series Safety Washers .................................................. 142
10.2 Load Washers ......................................................................................................... 143
Load Washers as per DIN 6796 .............................................................................. 143
Dimension Table for HDS Load Washers as per DIN 6796 .................................... 144
10.3 SCHNORR High Load Safety Washers HS ........................................................... 146
Dimension Table for HS Washers ........................................................................ 146

138

10.1 Original SCHNORR Safety Washers

Very often our disc springs are considered
for use as safety washers for bolted connections to maintain a preload and prevent
loosening. High quality disc springs are too
expensive for this application and the sizes
of normal disc springs do not match screw
and bolt sizes. We have therefore developed
special safety elements for this application.
These safety washers are in the form of a disc
spring which is serrated on both sides and of
trapezoidal cross section. Their diameters
are matched to screw dimensions. The outer
diameter of the washer is matched to the
head diameter of pan-head and hexagon
socket head cap screws. As a result, the
safety washer can be used with practically
any screw and bolt type, including those with
rescessed heads. The only exception are
countersunk screws.
The ingenious form of the Original Schnorr
Safety Washer combines the advantages of
security through friction and mechanical
locking. They offer the following advantages
to the designer:
1. The shape of the cross section ensures
the locking effect is at the outside diameter which ensures the greatest resistance
to loosening.
2. High resistance to vibration due to positive locking of the serrations.
3. The closed ring form results in a high
degree of pretensioning, i.e. an excellent
frictional connection.
4. Concentric application of force eliminates
bending in the bolts.
5. Sliding surfaces allow tightening without
damaging the surfaces.

139

Figure 42
Bolt with SCHNORR Safety Washer loose and tightened

6. No splitting during tightening with proper

transitional radius between bolt shaft and
bolt head.
7. Suitable for captive fitting on a wide range
of bolts (combi bolts for which a range
with special dimensions is available).
8. Universal application minimises stocks.
9. Schnorr Safety Washers can be supplied
in a variety of materials and different
finishes.
The Original Schnorr Safety Washer is available in two series:
The S series is suitable for normal duty and
available for screws of size M1.6 to M36. The
reinforced safety washer of the VS series is
thicker, and therefore achieves higher pretensioning loads. The inner and outer diameters
are the same as for the S series. These
washers are available for screws M 5 to M 30.
The Original SCHNORR Safety Washer is
protected by patents at home and abroad.
10

Security Elements for Bolted Connections

Dimension Table for S Series Safety Washers

Designation for an Original SCHNORR Safety Washer type S size 8 in spring steel:
Safety Washer S 8 FSt.
Figure 43
Original SCHNORR Safety Washer type S

Article Size
d1 d2 s
h
h
Weight
Packaging
No. (Nominal) H14 h14
max. min. (7.85 kg/dm3) [pcs. per
[mm] [mm][mm][mm][mm] [mm] [kg/1000 pcs.]
box]
402300
404400
406800
409400
411200
412700
414500
416300
418100
419200
420400
423000
425100
426200
427900
429100
430700
432400

1.6
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
5
6
6.35
7
8
10
11.1
12
12.7
14
16
18

1.7
2.2
2.7
3.2
3.7
4.3
5.3
6.4
6.7
7.4
8.4
10.5
11.6
13
13.7
15
17
19

3.2
4
4.8
5.5
6
7
9
10
9.5
12
13
16
15.9
18
19
22
24
27

0.35
0.35
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.8
1
1
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.5

0.6
0.6
0.9
0.9
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.6
1.6
1.7
1.8
2.0
2.1
2.3

0.38
0.39
0.49
0.51
0.52
0.59
0.73
0.82
0.79
0.89
0.98
1.21
1.18
1.31
1.33
1.52
1.63
1.85

0.013
0.021
0.039
0.049
0.055
0.085
0.167
0.200
0.150
0.355
0.392
0.750
0.595
0.879
0.976
1.641
1.984
2.970

2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
500
500
500
500
500
250

for bolts
metric imperial
[mm] [inch.]
1.6
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
5
6

/8"

/32"
/16"

/4"

7
8
10

/16"
/8"
7
/16"
3

12
1

14
16
18

/2"
/16"
5
/8"

140

Article
Size
d1 d2 s
h
h
Weight
Packaging
3
No. (Nominal) H14 h14
max. min. (7.85 kg/dm ) [pcs. per
[mm] [mm][mm][mm][mm] [mm] [kg/1000 pcs.]
box]
433800
435100
436600
437900
439200
440300
441500
442730

19
20
22
24
25.4
27
30
36

20
21
23
25.6
27
28.6
31.6
38

30
30
33
36
38
39
45
54

1.5
1.5
1.5
1.8
2
2
2
2.5

2.5
2.5
2.7
2.9
3.1
3.1
3.6
4.2

1.98
1.94
2.08
2.32
2.52
2.52
2.78
3.38

Article No.: Valid for normal execution (spring

steel, hardened, blackened)
h max.: Maximum dimension as delivered
h min.: Minimum height after loading test

4.100
3.742
4.507
5.910
7.449
7.369
10.78
21.28
Available
materials:
Available
finishes:

250
250
100
100
100
100
100
50

for bolts
metric imperial
[mm] [inch.]
3

/4"

20
22
24

/8"

1"
27
30
36

11/8"
13/8"

Spring steel as per DIN 17222;

corrosion resistant steel 1.4301;
spring bronze CuSn8.
blackened, (Standard),
browned, phosphated,
zinc-plated, cadmium-plated

10

141

Security Elements for Bolted Connections

Dimension Table for VS Series Safety Washers

Designation for an Original SCHNORR Safety

Washer type VS size 16 of spring steel with
a mechanically zinc-plated, yellow-chromated surface:
Safety Washer VS 16 FSt mech Zn8 cC.
Figure 44
Original SCHNORR Safety Washer type VS

Article Size
d1 d2 s
h
h
Weight
Packaging
No. (Nominal) H14 h14
max. min. (7.85 kg/dm3)
[pcs.
[mm] [mm][mm][mm][mm] [mm] [kg/1000 pcs.] per box]
414600
416400
420500
423100
426300
429200
430800
432500
435300
436700
438000
440400
441600

5
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
27
30

5.3
6.4
8.4
10.5
13
15
17
19
21
23
25.6
28.6
31.6

9
10
13
16
18
22
24
27
30
33
36
39
45

1
1
1.2
1.5
1.5
1.5
2
2
2
2
2.5
2.5
2.5

1.3
1.4
1.7
2
2.1
2.2
2.6
2.7
2.8
3.0
3.4
3.5
3.8

1.07
1.08
1.32
1.64
1.65
1.76
2.21
2.27
2.34
2.42
2.87
2.91
3.12

Article No.: Valid for normal execution (spring

steel, hardened, blackened)
h max.: Maximum dimension as delivered
h min.: Minimum height after loading test

0.273
0.300
0.615
1.167
1.223
2.089
3.142
4.041
5.066
6.117
8.865
9.731
14.380
Available
materials:
Available
finishes:

1000
1000
1000
1000
500
500
250
250
250
100
100
100
100

for bolts
metric imperial
[mm] [inch.]
5
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
27
30

/16"

/16"
/8"

/16"
/8"

/8"

11/8"

Spring steel as per DIN 17222;

corrosion resistant steel 1.4301;
spring bronze CuSn8.
blackened, (Standard),
browned, phosphated,
zinc-plated, cadmium-plated

142

10.2 Load Washers

The term load washer is used to describe a
spring element in the form of a disc spring
which achieves its locking effect solely by
means of the frictional connection. These are
intended to compensate for loosening of the
screwed connection, e.g. due to setting, by
maintaining a sufficiently high pretension in
the connection with spring force. They are
therefore especially suitable for primarily
axially loaded, short bolts. They provide no
effective security against unscrewing due to
alternating lateral loading.
Schnorr Load Washers offer the following
advantages:

1. High axial load

2. Optimum compensation for setting in the
joint
3. Reduction of the dynamic loading of the
screw due to higher elasticity of the joint
4. Uniform concentric loading eliminates
bending in the bolt
5. Greater safety with high degree of spring
action
6. Suitable for captive fitting on a wide range
of bolts (combi bolts)

Load Washers as per DIN 6796

These load washers have been specifically
developed for high-strength bolts in the
strength classes 8.8 10.9 as per DIN ISO
898 Part 1 (SAE Grade 5). The loads of the
washers have been matched to these bolts
and are 70 to 90% of the bolt load in the flat
state.
These high loads naturally require large
cross-sections, which is why the outside
diameter of the load washer is considerably
larger than that of our Original SCHNORR
Safety Washers. As a result, the area required for a design with load washers cannot be
ignored.

As a highly progressive load increase

occurs at the end of the spring deflection
when the washer is flattened, the load has
been indicated as double the calculated value
in the following table. Tests have shown that
these values are comparable with the measured values.
The load washers contained in the table
conform to DIN 6796, Edition October 1987
Conical spring washers for bolted connections. The test specifications are laid
down in DIN 267 Part 26 Fasteners; technical specifications for elements made of spring
steel for bolted connections.

10

143

Security Elements for Bolted Connections

Dimension Table for HDS Load Washers as per DIN 6796

Designation of a load washer size 8 of spring

steel: Load Washer DIN 6796-8 FSt.
Figure 45
HDS Load Washer

Article
No.
700000
700100
700200
700300
700400
700500
700600
700700
700800
700900
701000
701100
701200
701300
701400
701500
701600
701700
701800

Size
(Nominal)
[mm]

d1
H 14
[mm]

d2
h14
[mm]

2
2.5
3
3.5
4
5
6
7
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
27
30

2.2
2.7
3.2
3.7
4.3
5.3
6.4
7.4
8.4
10.5
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
28
31

5
6
7
8
9
11
14
17
18
23
29
35
39
42
45
49
56
60
70

Article No.: Valid for the normal execution in

spring steel, hardened, blank and
oiled
h max.: Maximum height as delivered
h min.: Minimum height after the setting
test as per DIN 267 part 26

s
[mm]

h
max.
[mm]

h
min.
[mm]

0.4
0.5
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.5
1.75
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
6
6.5
7

0.6
0.72
0.85
1.06
1.3
1.55
2
2.3
2.6
3.2
3.95
4.65
5.25
5.8
6.4
7.05
7.75
8.35
9.2

0.5
0.61
0.72
0.92
1.12
1.35
1.7
2
2.24
2.8
3.43
4.04
4.58
5.08
5.6
6.15
6.77
7.3
8

Spring Load: Double the calculated spring

force in the flat condition for a
deflection hmin s
Test Load: Proof load for setting test as
per DIN 267 part 26

144

Spring Load

Test Load
[N]

Weight
(7.85 kg/dm3)
[kg/1000 pcs.]

Packaging
[pcs. per
box]

[N]
628
946
1320
2410
3770
5480
8590
11300
14900
22100
34100
46000
59700
74400
93200
113700
131000
154000
172000

920
1540
2350
3160
4050
6700
9400
13700
17200
27500
40000
55000
75000
95000
122000
152000
175000
230000
280000

0.050
0.089
0.143
0.248
0.385
0.687
1.434
2.527
2.993
6.201
12.05
21.58
29.61
37.93
47.63
62.04
90.88
110.5
166.9

10000
10000
10000
10000
5000
2500
2500
1000
1000
500
250
100
100
100
100
100
50
50
50

Technical specifications:
Material:
Surface finish:

as per DIN 267 part 26

Spring steel to DIN 17221 or 17222
Blank and oiled

Other materials and surface finishes available on request.

145

for bolts
metric imperial
[mm]
[inch]
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
5
6
7
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
27
30

/8"

/32"
/16"
(1/4")
3

/16"
/8 "
(1/2")
9
/16"
5
/8 "
3

(3/4")
7
/8 "
(1")
11/8"
10

Security Elements for Bolted Connections

10.3 SCHNORR High Load Safety Washers HS

This safety washer is in principle a load
washer with a smaller outer diameter than
those in DIN 6796.
A notable feature of these washers is the
slightly curved form, which provides a progressively increasing characteristic curve.
Despite the smaller outside dimensions, this

makes it possible to achieve the same load as

the load washers as per DIN 6796.
These washers are primarily used when
the space available is insufficient for standardized load washers.

Dimension Table for HS Washers

Designation of a SCHNORR High Load Safety Washer size12 of spring steel:

Safety Washer HS 12 - FSt.
Figure 46
Original SCHNORR High Load Safety Washer HS

Article
No.
416320
416520
423220
426400
429320
430900
433750
435320
436620
439150
440100
442650

Size
(Nominal)
[mm]

d1
H 14
[mm]

d2
h14
[mm]

6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
27
30

6.4
8.4
10.5
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
28
31

12
17
21
24
28
30
33
36
40
45
50
58

Article No.: Valid for the normal execution in

spring steel, hardened, phosphated and oiled
h max.: Maximum height as delivered
h min.: Minimum height after the setting
test as per DIN 267 part 26

s
[mm]

h
max.
[mm]

h
min.
[mm]

1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
6
6.5
7

1.9
2.55
3.15
3.75
4.35
4.95
5.5
5.95
6.7
7.3
8
8.9

1.64
2.21
2.75
3.27
3.8
4.31
4.8
5.3
5.9
6.45
7
7.65

Spring Load: Double the calculated spring

force in the flat condition for
a deflection hmin s
Test Load:
Proof load for setting test as
per DIN 267 part 26
146

Spring Load

Test Load
[N]

Weight
(7.85 kg/dm3)
[kg/1000 pcs.]

Packaging
[pcs. per
box]

[N]
8920
15100
23200
34800
44800
62800
72600
92200
120000
135000
155000
180000

9400
17200
27500
40000
55000
75000
95000
122000
152000
175000
230000
280000

0.943
2.438
4.915
7.194
11.61
14.50
19.36
25.33
35.07
50.28
66.94
101.0

2500
1000
500
250
100
100
100
100
100
50
50
50

Technical specifications:
Material:
Surface finish:

as per DIN 267 part 26

Spring steel to DIN 17221 or 17222
Phosphated and oiled

Other materials and surface finishes available on request.

147

for bolts
metric imperial
[mm]
[inch]
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
27
30

(1/4")
5
/16"
3
/8"
(1/2")
9
/16"
5
/8"
(3/4")
7
/8"
(1")
11/8"

10

148

Supplement
Standards
DIN
DIN EN

1016
10140

Colled rolled steel

DIN

2092

Disc springs; calculation

DIN

2093

Disc springs; dimensions and quality specifications

DIN

7521

Steel forgings; technical terms of delivery

DIN

17221

Hot rolled steels for quenched and tempered springs

DIN

17222

Cold rolled steel strip for springs

DIN

17224

Wire and strip of stainless steels for springs

DIN

17240

Creep resisting materials for bolts and screws for service at elevated
and at high temperatures

DIN

17670

Wrought copper and copper alloys strip, sheet and plate

DIN

50938

Alkaline blackening (black finishing) of iron materials

DIN

50942

Phosphating of metals

DIN

50960

Electroplated and chemical coatings; designation and specification in

technical documents

DIN

59381

Flat products of steel; cold rolled narrow mill strip of stainless and of
heat resisting steels

DIN EN

10029

Hot rolled steel plates 3 mm thick or above

DIN EN 10088-2

149

Flat products of steel; hot rolled strip and hot rolled sheet

Stainless steels

Supplement

Further Sources
[1]

Dubois, Fr.:

ber die Festigkeit der Kegelschale

Dissertation, Zrich 1917

[2]

Almen, J.O.; Lszl, A.: The Uniform-Section Disk Spring

Trans. ASME 58 (1936), S. 305 314

[3]

Hertzer, K. H.:

ber die Dauerfestigkeit und das Setzen von Tellerfedern

Dissertation TH Braunschweig 1959

[4]

Lutz, O.:

Zur Berechnung der Tellerfeder

Konstruktion 12 (1960) 2, S. 57 59

[5]

Schremmer, G.:

ber die dynamische Festigkeit von Tellerfedern

Dissertation TH Braunschweig 1965

[6]

Bhl, P.:

Zur Spannungsberechnung von Tellerfedern

DRAHT 22 (1971) 11, S. 760 763

[7]

Schremmer, G.:

Die geschlitzte Tellerfeder

Konstruktion 24 (1972) 6, S. 226 229

[8]

Bhl, P.:

Maximale Hhen bei Tellerfedern aus Sonderwerkstoffen

DRAHT 25 (1974) 2, S. 63 65

[9]

Bhl, P.:

Mechanische Schwingungen bei Tellerfedersulen

DRAHT 28 (1977) 2, S. 48 53

[10] Curti, G.; Orlando, M.: Ein neues Berechnungsverfahren fr Tellerfedern

DRAHT 30 (1979) 1, S. 17 22
[11] Bhl, P.:

Tellerfedern gedreht oder feingeschnitten

DRAHT 31 (1980) 5, S. 295 299

[12] Curti, G.; Orlando, M.; Vereinfachtes Verfahren zur Berechnung von Tellerfedern
Podda, G.:
DRAHT 31 (1980) 11, S. 789 792
[13] Niepage, P.:

Vergleich verschiedener Verfahren zur Berechnung von Tellerfedern

DRAHT 34 (1983) 3, S. 105 108 und 5, S. 251 255

150

Disc Spring Enquiry Sheet

(Please copy and complete, mark with cross where applicable)
1.

Kind of Machine:

2.

Purpose of the springs:

3.

Installation Space (max. and Length):

4.

Loads and Deflections:

L 1=

mm

s 1=

mm

F1=

L 2=

mm

s 2=

mm

F2=

L 3=

mm

s 3=

mm

F3=

5.

Type of load:

static

dynamic

6.

Form of load:

impact

sinusoidal

7.

Number of Cycles Required:

8.

Working Temperature (at the springs):

9.

Guide:

inner outer
vertical horizontal

10. Position of the Spring Stack:

11. Is corrosion protection necessary?
12. Agressive Medium:
13. Remarks:

Compiled by:
Telephone:

Telefax:

Company, Signature:

Please send your Enquiry Sheet to:

151

Adolf Schnorr GmbH + Co. KG

Postfach 60 01 62
D-71050 Sindelfingen
Telefax ++49 -7031-302-138 (Technical department)