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Filter out waste products from the bloodstream to be passed out in the urine.
Help control blood pressure - partly by the amount of water passed out of the
body as urine and partly by making hormones which are involved in blood
pressure control.
Make a hormone which stimulates the bone marrow to make red blood cells.
This is needed to prevent anaemia.
Help keep various salts and chemicals in the blood at the right level.
Chronic renal failure is a term that is sometimes used but means much the
same as chronic kidney disease. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a better term
as 'failure' implies that the kidneys have totally 'packed in'. In most cases of
CKD this is not so.
In most of these cases the CKD does not progress beyond the moderate stage unless
other problems of the kidney develop such as diabetic kidney disease.
What are the SYMPTOMS of CKD?
You are unlikely to feel unwell or have any symptoms with mild to moderate CKD
(that is stages 1 to 3).
Blood pressure control. The most important treatment to prevent or delay the
progression of CKD, whatever the underlying cause, is to keep your blood
pressure well controlled. Most people with CKD will require medication to
control their blood pressure. Your doctor will give you a 'target' blood pressure
level to aim for. This is usually below 140/85 mm Hg, and lower in some
circumstances.