Launching and Pulling Up Procedures and Calculations 3

Ship pulling up & launching with
Airbag's Procedures
And calculations
Nile Floating Hotel (Al-Nabila (Queen Abo Semble))
According Code (CB/T 3837 1998)
Tel.: +2 03 420 35 88, +2 03 420 35 99 Fax: +2 03 426 25 62, Address: 40 Al Fardous St., Media Building, Smouha.
P. O. Box: 120, Postal Code: 21648, Alexandria-Egypt. E-mail: info@unitedge.com, URL: www.unitedge.com
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Contents
Ship Launching Section.....................................................................................................................................3
Note Board .......................................................................................................................................................3
How air bags work: ...........................................................................................................................................3
Steps involved in estimating airbags for lifting of ships: ..................................................................................3
Identify Main Dimensions & Types of Vessel ...................................................................................................4
Bearing capacity estimation "Q": .....................................................................................................................5
Selection of Airbag ...........................................................................................................................................6
Calculation for The Quantity of Airbags Requested .........................................................................................6
General Ground Structure Preparation............................................................................................................9
Selection of Slipway Winch............................................................................................................................9
Placing of Rubber Airbags ............................................................................................................................. 11
Launching of the Vessel................................................................................................................................. 11
Procedure of Ship Upgrading Relying on Air-bags ........................................................................................ 12
Preparation of ship hauling: .......................................................................................................................... 12
Procedures of hauling a ship: ........................................................................................................................ 13
Criteria in Precaution of Usage ..................................................................................................................... 15
Criteria in Proper Storage.............................................................................................................................. 15
Maintenance Guide for Repairing Air Gasbag Method ................................................................................. 16
Floating Hotel "Al-Nabila (Queen Abo simple)" Calculations:....................................................................... 17
Calculation for The Quantity of Airbags Requested ...................................................................................... 18
The operative procedure of ship on Airbags lifting:...................................................................................... 23
Conclusions: .................................................................................................................................................. 23
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Ship Launching Section
UGE Rubber Airbags are really cost-effective in launching a vessel, ranging from smaller sized barges
to tug boats up to bigger sized chemical tankers etc. But it is very important to understand that rubber
airbag launching is not a one-size-fit-all method. In fact, UGE team would need to understand all the
necessary technical specifications of the vessel (or structure, as this launching method can also be used
to launch caissons & floating jetties etc.) and many external factors.
Note Board
Neither any constructional drawings nor amidships sections have been submitted for both two
investigated ships.
So, there will be no strength checkup. Only the longitudinal bearing capacity of the airbag during lifting
operation will be checked up.
The applied code within this report follows that of CB/T 3837-1998 and the corresponding applicable
airbags lifting codes of practice.
How air bags work:

1. Air bags must have air source
2. Air bags must have regulator
3. The effectiveness bags is limited by the compressibility of air and the inside surface area of the bag
4. The lifting capacity of air bags is limited by the amount of bag surface area that can contact the object
Steps involved in estimating airbags for lifting of ships:

1. Determine the lift : multiply the length of the bag times the width by the recommended operation
pressure to obtain maximum lift capacity
2. Determine the weight of the object to be lifted and the surface area of the lift point
3. Calculate the lift capacity based on the contact surface area
4. Checkup the numbers of bags as per indicated in CB/T 3837 1998
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5. Check friction forces , speed of lifting and the time
Identify Main Dimensions & Types of Vessel

At UGE, we believe in listening before we jump to conclusions and putting our client's priorities first.
Before launching ship, you should confirm the following information.
Type of vessel?
LOA (length) of ship?
Width of vessel?
Vessels actual launched weight (gravity weight)/weight without cargo?
What is the vessel's DWT?
Type of ground ship is built on? (Dirt, concrete, etc.)
Depth in meters of the water where the ship first enters the water?
What's the angle degree of slipway? (Land, not under water)
Please provide the low/high tide schedule at site.
The working height? (The block stand height under the vessel)
Distance from bottom of propeller to the water level?
Distance from back of vessel (in dry dock) to the water entry point?
Note:
1. Above information must be confirmed with UGE before getting detailed proposal from us.
2. For the landing project, the most important is the slipway degree that must be noted.
3. The experience type is defined as per the above information.
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Bearing capacity estimation "Q":
From Figure
Length of scope
Ls
82.5
LQ
82.5
LW according to LCG
To lift the ship the following condition should be satisfied
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Q X LQ
>WXLW
Q Bearing capacity
W = Weight of ship
LQ = distance from lifting point to bow supporting point = 82.5
L W = distance from gravity Centre to bow supporting point
Selection of Airbag
After understanding the type of vessel and its principal dimensions, UGE staff is then able to
recommend the types, sizes and numbers of airbags. A weight contingency of a certain
percentage of the vessel weight is taken into consideration. This helps UGE to ensure a safe
launching process by not overexerting the rubber airbags and also have a safety margin,
should there be any additional weight carried by the vessel during launching.
Based on the dimensions and structural design, the team can recommend the dimensions of
the airbag in terms of length, diameter and type. Then, based on calculations and careful
projections, UGE staff is able to determine the guaranteed bearing capacity per airbag. At this
point, extra airbags for launch way mobilization will be included in UGEs recommendations.
Calculation for The Quantity of Airbags Requested

Standard TYPE:
a. Formula
Formula of selecting the quantity of roller airbags for normal ship type:
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Where:
N ------ The quantity of roller airbags, nos;
K 1 ------ Coefficient, K 1= 1.2 ~ 1.3;
Q ------ The light weight of ship, t ;
g ------ Weight acceleration, m/s2
Cb ------ The Coefficient of square
R ----- Guaranteed bearing capacity per unit length, kN/m, refer Table 1;
Ld ------ The contacted length between airbags with ship in the midship Section
N1 ------ The continued quantity, nos, normally it is 2~4 nos
Note:
The above formula is used for small ships. For the ships over 3,000 DWT, normally, we dont
suggest to use the above formula calculate the quantity requested.
b. Confirmation
In order to ensure the structural strength of ship and preventing the superposition, the distance
between two
rows can be confirmed as per the following formula.
Page 7 of 26
Where:
L ------ The effective length of ship, m;
N ------ The quantity of roller bags, nos;
D ------ The diameter of airbags, m.
Note:
The effective length of ship means the length that can use airbags. For the special ship, the distance
between
Step 1: Confirm the diameter of airbags

When we do the launching project, normally, we suggest using1.5m type, which is the
most typical and
Effective type airbags. But we the block stand height under the vessel must less than
1.0m.
Step 2: Confirm the effective length of airbags
When the effective width of ship is less than 22m
The effective length of airbags selected can be equal with the effective length. The
difference between the
Airbags length and ship width should be less than 1~2m.
(Sometime, we should confirm the effective length as per all the ships that can be built by
the shipyards.)
When the effective width of ship is over the effective length of airbags, we should use the
special
Arrangement method as follow:
Page 8 of 26
General Ground Structure Preparation
UGE airbag launching process requires a hard ground so that the whole structure will not sink
during launching.
If the ground consists of sand or is soft, there are many options that our staff will recommend.
Sandbags are a very commonly used option. UGE also helped many of our clients prepare
concrete ground as launching slipway for airbag use. This would require a very delicate study
of the nature of the ground and in-depth analysis on a case-to-case basis. Thus, it is crucial
that this aspect should not be overlooked. Fortunately for UGE, we have helped our clients
solve these issues in many years of our experience in ship launching.
Selection of Slipway Winch
The force needed to support the vessel motion into the water will be determined by taking into
account the sloping angle. This enables the team to find out the type and strength of slipway
winch required to hold the structure in place. Pulley blocks and necessary equipment's will
also be recommended if needed.
Pulling force plays a huge role especially for certain launching projects that require a slow and
steady approach, needing the winch to be able to operate long periods of time.
Experience TYPE:
As per our experience based on thousands of ships launched, we show define the
following quick reference
Guide for fender selection.
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Placing of Rubber Airbags

UGE team uses 3D projections to determine the placement of rubber airbags at ready-launch position.
Launching of the Vessel
First time clients usually require UGE consultation crew to be on ground to help them launch
their vessel. We are able to facilitate the whole preparation together with supervision of the
launching process at a small consultation cost for our clients. Equipped with decades of
experience and careful projections, our team ensures the project success and the safety of the
crew. With its advantages, launching of structures up to 10,000 Tone's using this method is
pretty common these days. It is widely acknowledged that these launching bags are able to be
Page 11 of 26
used up to more than 5 years and is super cost efficient compared to most traditional
launching methods.
This is a simple illustration of the popular airbag launching process. It started with a winch
holding the vessel in place while airbags are installed between the hull of the vessel and the
ground and then inflated. Then the pulling force is slowly decreased to enable mobilization of
vessel towards the sea line. At a certain point, the connection between winch and vessel will
be released using quick release shackle. The vessel assisted by gravity and launching bags,
will be launched safely into the sea with minimal risk. Please note that however, there are
many different scenarios to cater to different situations and different vessels
Procedure of Ship Upgrading Relying on Air-bags

Preparation of ship hauling:
1. The inspection of the criteria of preparation before ship hauling
2. General calculation of sufficiency of hauling strength.
3. The selection of winch veering speed shouldnt more than 6m/min with the
control of hauling force of winch wire. If the ship gravity weight is less than 200
tons, the moving speed can be increase according within range 913m/min.
4. The selection of air compressor should be range sufficiency of the requirement of
marine air gasbag which indicated at the safety limit pressure of respective air
gasbags.
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Procedures of hauling a ship:

1. Clear all the obstacles and sharp iron nail from the place that is under the hauling
process ramp way.
2. Fasten the ship with the sufficient tensional strength of guy rope of cable
attached firmly with the winch where the guy rope and cable should meet the
requirement of hauling strength. The guy rope or cable should lead into the bow
and tied to the bollard.
3. The air gasbags should place earlier in the sea water according with the spacing
fixed by recalculated lifting force as shown in the figure below.
4. According to the hauling circumstance of conditions of the slope of the ramped
way, it can be made under the winchs control speed at the end of the winchs
hauling force at the ground.
5. Ensure the angle of the hauling wire; should not more than 60 to compensate
the decrease efficiency of the winchs hauling force capacity. The hauling wire
should always place aligned straight at the haring direction.
6. Ensure the safety coefficient 1.2-1.5 times of the winchs hauling capacity to make
sure the winch have enough hauling strength to pull the ship.
7. Start the winch, hauling at the on-site condition gradually pulling the ship on shore
at require speed relying on the air gasbags by increasing the number of air
gasbags inserted at bottom hull ship accordingly.
8. Hauling the ship to the destination with the distance of 6-8m away from the water
edge.
9. Places in metal strut/wooden stand/ reinforced concrete strut to hold the ship
whole ship structure firmly before retrieves all the inserted air gasbags
accordingly.
10. Retrieve all the air gasbags.
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Page 14 of 26
Criteria in Precaution of Usage
The inner pressure of the air gasbag should not excess the safety limit air leakage inner
Pressure .
The load carried abject should not have sharp uneven surface .
To ensure the air gasbag in line balance with the locus destination to avoid the torsion
twisted strength .
When air gasbag is in inflated lifting position, avoid the heavy impact on the airbag .
Quarterly year continue checking on the surface air gasbag by inflated the air gasbag
excess
pressure 1.2 times on free load to ensure no air leakage
Criteria in Proper Storage
All the air-bags are delivered after coating French chalk.

Air gasbag should always keep in room temperature, dry place to avoid aging process.
Avoid to contact with acid/alkaline solute chemical and oily petroleum base chemical for
long period.
Avoid of heavy material stay on top of the deleted air gasbag when storing for long
period.
The number stacked is 2 layers.
After use, dry it in the sun, and coat French chalk again. Then storage it as above.
Page 15 of 26
Maintenance Guide for Repairing Air Gasbag Method
When there is air leakage, identified the crack propagation by visual inspection on
the air bag to check on the rubber characteristic by determine the surface whether
seriously aging (fatigue fracture and sticky surface). If found any damage
seriously harden or sticky rubber material on the surface outer wall of the air
gasbag, the patching would not last for long.
There are two ways of patching, which are hot and normal temperature
fulguration. Now we introduce the hot fulguration as follows:
1. Clean up thoroughly inner and outer air gasbag to ensure totally clean especially
on the outer wall surface. Dont immerse into the water more than 10minutes
before patching.
2. Marking/identified the air leakage area by extending wound part outward
15mm.
3. Structure layer material segregate by 2 6 layers depending on the size of flake
leakage area. Eg. Leakage area approx. 100mm or propagating fracture 5070mm will be patching 4-6layers. And its better to equipped + cushion of
Nylon.
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Floating Hotel "Al-Nabila (Queen Abo simple)"
Calculations
Main particulars of the ship
Type of Ship
Hotel ship
LOA
109 M
L of scope
82.5 M
B moulded
15.5 M
B Scope
15 M
D Moulded
4M
Light weight
2800 Ton
D light weight
2M
CB
.8
Page 17 of 26
Calculation for The Quantity of Airbags Requested

Standard TYPE:
a. Formula
Formula of selecting the quantity of roller airbags for normal ship type:
Where:
Page 18 of 26
N ------ The quantity of roller airbags, nos;

K 1 ------ Coefficient,
K 1= 1.2 ~ 1.3;
Q ------ The light weight of ship, t ;
Q = 2800 Ton
g ------ Weight acceleration, m/s2
g = 9.8
Cb ------ The Coefficient of square
CB = .8
R ----- Guaranteed bearing capacity per unit length, kN/m, refer Table 1;
R = 158 KN
Ld ------ The contacted length between airbags with ship in the midship Section leff = 14 m
N1 ------ The continued quantity, nos, normally it is 2~4 nos
N1=4
Formula of selecting the quantity of Roller airbags for Normal Ship Type:
N=(k1*Q*g/Cb*R*Ld)+N1
N=
22.6
a=
6.5
K1
1.2
0.05
Cb
0.8
V=
0.5 m/s
T=
5 s
B=
6 degree
Q=
2800 tons
g=
9.8
R=
158 kn
Ld=
N1=
Nc=
14 Mtrs
4
Page 19 of 26
N=
22.6
23 Bags
Number of air bag = 23 Air bags (19 under the vessel + 4 Roller Airbags)
b. Confirmation
In order to ensure the structural strength of ship and preventing the superposition, the distance
between two
rows can be confirmed as per the following formula.
Page 20 of 26
Q= 2800 Ton
G = 9.8 m/S 2
= 3 Degree
= .05
V= .5 m/s
T=5
K = 1.2
NC = 8
= 6 degree
Page 21 of 26
Formula for the selecting of winch when landing ship :

Fd=(Q*g*sina) + (*Q*g*cosa)
(Q*g*sina)
1436.098
(*Q*g*cosa)
1370.119
Fd=
2806 KN
Fd=
286 ton
the pulling force of winch
The force required to pull the vessel must be > Fd * K = 286*1.2= 343.2 ton
* Calculation of pull of winch wire
F > (KFc / (Nc*cosB)
Fc = 343.2/2 = 171.6
For using two winches
Where B = 6
Nc
= 4 for one winch
F > 171.6 / (4*cos 6)
F = 43.3 ton
Note
We also need wire rope 38 mm with 4 pulley
Page 22 of 26
The operative procedure of ship on Airbags lifting:

1. Remove all glass facilities that could be broken from their places , e.g. , windows , doors
,glass stair cases (If any )
2. To store in secure places.
3. Clear all the obstacles away from the route place that is under the ship bottom and head
of air-bags rolling path.
4. Fasten the ship to the moving tackle of winch with guy ropes, the strength of winch must
meet the requirements of hauling force and the guy ropes should be led into the bow and
tied to the strength member such as bollard. Upon necessity it is permissible to tie up a
pan or the whole of the ship if necessary.
5. Disassemble and remove all docking blocks under the ship bottom and but the rolling air
bags in with the spacing fixed by calculations , finally the ship weight is entirely borne
upon rolling air bags
6. The workers following the complete ship lifting shall get on board bridge approach and
others can be removed away from the ship
7. Start the winch release , the wire from the winch is set to haul the ship from moving back
to the water by the rolling airbags put into position under the ship
8. According to the conditions of ramp way and waters, choice can be made between rapid
lifting and lifting under winch control at the end of ground way .
9. Tow the lifted ship to the ground way at the moment after the ship is being on all the
airbags and completely out of the water.
10. Retrieve all the airbags, by putting the supporting keel and shore wooden blocks .
11. Measure the forward and aft drafts of the ship and inspect every compartment against
shear failures or flexural longitudinal deflection that may be in excess of the allowable by
respective classification society rules and codes of practice relevant to the structure
Conclusions:
Tough neoprene rubber bags that come in sizes of 1.5 m diameter, and with minimum
length of 15 m can be used to lift heavy ships, e.g., M.S (Al-Nabila (Queen Abo Semble)).
Air bags can be pressurized to lift very heavy objects a short distance and often are
helpful in releasing an entrapped victim. However, one must be careful to remember that
they can be punctured by rebar, and that objects that are lifted must be laterally
restrained by other means, since that bag have little lateral strength. Airbags should
always be used while being backed up with some other system to protect against a
puncture failure.
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Also the lifting scenario should be thoroughly followed should the lifting be properly done
and any incident should be obviated during the lifting process.
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Page 26 of 26

Launching and Pulling Up Procedures and Calculations 3

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Ship pulling up & launching with

Ship Launching Section

How air bags work:

Steps involved in estimating airbags for lifting of ships:

5. Check friction forces , speed of lifting and the time

Identify Main Dimensions & Types of Vessel

Before launching ship, you should confirm the following information.

LOA (length) of ship?

Vessels actual launched weight (gravity weight)/weight without cargo?

What is the vessel's DWT?

Type of ground ship is built on? (Dirt, concrete, etc.)

What's the angle degree of slipway? (Land, not under water)

Please provide the low/high tide schedule at site.

Distance from bottom of propeller to the water level?

Bearing capacity estimation "Q":

To lift the ship the following condition should be satisfied

Calculation for The Quantity of Airbags Requested

Step 1: Confirm the diameter of airbags

General Ground Structure Preparation

Selection of Slipway Winch

Placing of Rubber Airbags

Launching of the Vessel

Procedure of Ship Upgrading Relying on Air-bags

Procedures of hauling a ship:

Criteria in Precaution of Usage

Criteria in Proper Storage

All the air-bags are delivered after coating French chalk.

Maintenance Guide for Repairing Air Gasbag Method

Floating Hotel "Al-Nabila (Queen Abo simple)"

Calculation for The Quantity of Airbags Requested

N ------ The quantity of roller airbags, nos;

Q ------ The light weight of ship, t ;

g ------ Weight acceleration, m/s2

Cb ------ The Coefficient of square

Formula for the selecting of winch when landing ship :

the pulling force of winch

We also need wire rope 38 mm with 4 pulley

The operative procedure of ship on Airbags lifting:

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