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6
Inte rnational Journal of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
Abstract:
One main cause of mortality in developing countries is thromboembolic disorders such as pulmonary emboli, deep vein thrombosis
and heart attacks. Several agents and interventions were available; however, there are still side effects that are acquired t hrough these
therapies. Herbal plants are popularly used nowadays in drug discovery due to their ancient medicinal use. Philippines, a tropical
country, have a variety of herbal plants. The aim of the study was to assess the anticoagulant activity and cytotoxicity of b oth flesh
and peels/seeds of selected plants available in the Philippines. The plants Allium sativum, Cucurma longa, Ananas comosus and
Lycopersicum esculentum were used in the in vitro method using Heparin and water as controls. Percentage clot lysis of the plants
were 18.30%, 21.77%, 21.85%, 35.91%, 15.67% and 24.52%, respectively. Only C. longa peel extracts and L. esculentum showed
clot lysis beyond the negative control. C. longa peels showed a higher percentage clot lysis as compared with Heparin. Using one-way
ANOVA, statistics showed the p value of 0.674574 from the clot lysis activity of all plant extracts. Cytotoxicity of the herbal plants
was also determined using brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA). The LC50 values of the herbal extracts ranges from 6.72 to
31.2g/mL. A. sativum and C.longa flesh have the lowest values (most potent among the extracts). Descriptively, C. longa peels
extract exhibited promising clot lysis activity, however further studies are still needed to strengthen the effectiveness of these
Philippine plants as anticoagulant. Furthermore, it was also seen in this study that fruit and vegetable peels have prospective
therapeutic application. It will not only benefit the industrial waste products reduction, but it can also serve as an alternative source of
pharmacologic agents.
Keywords: Alliu m sativum, Curcu ma longa, Ananas comosus, Lycopersicm esculentum, thro mbolytic activity, fruit and
1. Introduction
1.1. Background of the study
In vitro hemolytic activ ities are beco ming a new area of
drug research to discover new interventions for diseases
such as thromboembolic d isorders. Interest in studying
plants is emerging for their immense potential to be used
in various traditional systems. Efforts have been shifted
towards discovery and development of natural products
FR fro m various plant and animal sources which have
anticoagulant, antithrombotic and thrombolytic activity
[1-3]. Fruit and vegetable waste products (e.g. peels and
seeds) are also being studied for their potential usage.
They may also contain a variety of bioactive components, which
can have a beneficial effect on health. The therapeutic use of
agro waste is gradually gaining popularity and its recovery will
Pre liminary Assessment of In vitro Anticoagulant Activity vs. Heparin 1,000I.U. and Cytotoxicity of Selected Philippine Medic inal Plants
372
Pre liminary Assessment of In vitro Anticoagulant Activity vs. Heparin 1,000I.U. and Cytotoxicity of Selected Philippine Medic inal Plants
(2)
(3)
373
Pre liminary Assessment of In vitro Anticoagulant Activity vs. Heparin 1,000I.U. and Cytotoxicity of Selected Philippine Medic inal Plants
PLANT SAMPLE
Figure 2. Clot lysis after deducting the value of distilled water: (1)
A.sativum flesh; (2) A sativum peels; (3) C.longa flesh; (4) C. longa
pe e ls; (5) A.comosus flesh; (6) A. comosus peels; (7) L.
esculentum flesh; (8) L. esculentum seeds; (9) Heparin 1,000 I.U; (10)
distilled water
(5)
% MORTALITY AT
DIFFERENT
CONCENTRATION
1000
ug/mL
A. sativum flesh
100
A. sativum peels
100
C. longa flesh
100
C. longa peels
100
A. comosus flesh
100
A. comosus peels
100
L. esculentum flesh
100
L. esculentum seeds
100
100
ug/mL
100
100
100
100
80
80
100
20
10
ug/mL
90
90
70
70
50
60
80
50
LC50, 24h
ug/mL
11.5
11.5
6.72
6.72
25
29.6
8.6
13.2
374
Pre liminary Assessment of In vitro Anticoagulant Activity vs. Heparin 1,000I.U. and Cytotoxicity of Selected Philippine Medic inal Plants
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