Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
1.
Executive Summary:..........................................................................................................2
2.
3.
Company Description.........................................................................................................2
3.1 Type of business:.........................................................................................................3
3.2 Legal Structure:...........................................................................................................3
3.3.1 History of DAMAC:.................................................................................................4
3.3.2 History of Skanska:...................................................................................................5
3.4 Company Principle:.....................................................................................................5
PESTEL:................................................................................................................10
Financial planning:..........................................................................................................21
7.1 Cost analysis/funding/cash flow:...............................................................................21
7.2 Projected profit and loss statement:...........................................................................22
7.3 Financial Synergies:...................................................................................................22
Recommendations:..........................................................................................................25
Approved by Academic Council 4 March 2009 (AC/34/2009)
10.
Conclusion:...................................................................................................................26
Bibliography............................................................................................................................26
11.
Appendix:.....................................................................................................................29
Appendix 1:.....................................................................................................................29
Appendix 2:.....................................................................................................................31
Appendix 3:.....................................................................................................................32
Appendix 4:.....................................................................................................................33
Appendix 5:.....................................................................................................................33
Appendix 6:.....................................................................................................................34
Appendix 7:.....................................................................................................................34
Appendix 8:.....................................................................................................................35
Appendix 9:.....................................................................................................................35
1. Executive Summary:
The business plan is being construction for Damac Properties which was established in 2002.
The plan is to take Damac into a joint venture with Skanska, a strong construction company
in the Swedish construction market. Bringing in Damacs expertise in luxury real estates, the
blooming market in Sweden invites foreign investors to make large investments in
construction projects. The Swedish annual growth rate (CAGR) is expected to be about 2.49
percent over the forecast period and go down from 3.37 percent during the review period of
2014 all the way to 2019 (Timetric 2015). The legal structure is a positive sign for Damac as
there is low corporate tax. Sweden has a huge opportunity in the construction market. There
is a demand for housing projects due to the ageing population in Sweden. Together with
Skanska, this newly formed partnership can be one of the most successful companies within
a span of 5 to 10 years.
spent by the foreigners to invest in the properties during the first three months of 2015
(Bishop 2015). With such conditions, investors get very tempted to invest more and more
because they seem to gain increasing profits yearly. Where so many property developer
companies have been successful in the country, one name that stands on the top of the list is
Damac too. It has done a range of projects in UAE and the Middle East and has gained strong
popularity over the years. Damac has looked into doing a joint venture with a Sweden based
company called Skanska and expand their company into Sweden.
3. Company Description
Damac
Established in 2002, Damac properties have been very successful throughout the years and
have a big list of their achievements. Damac has undertaken many projects like the AKOYA
Oxygen AKOYA by Damac, AYKON City. It presently also has undertaken two big serviced
hotel apartments which are Damac Mansion The Vogue and Naia Breeze which would make
them the leading company in the property developer industry (Arabian Business 2015). A
research done in December 2015 shows that since 2002, Damac has executed more than
13000 successful projects which included hotel rooms, apartments and villas (Damac 2016).
Despite a fall in the real estate market, Damac Properties has been one of the companies to
remain upbeat and undertake new projects and develop them in the country. They have
remained optimistic and say that they will continue to undertake the projects and keep the
economy high by having more supply than the present demands (Reuters 2016).
Skanska
Founded in 1887 in Stockholm, Sweden, Skanska is a multinational firm for construction that
has established itself in many parts of the world. It is ranked as fifth company that comes in
the list of top ten construction companies in the world (Phillips 2015). Out of many projects,
the big projects done by Skanska are the Natwest Tower in London in 2002 (The Telegraph
2002), Mater Dei Hospital in Malta in 2008 (Calleja 2009), MetLife Stadium in New Jersey,
USA which is the home to New York Jets and the Giants in 2010 (Skanska 2016). The
company also has a strong financial strength of $7.3 billion as of 2014. It is also well known
for its donations in charitable trusts that come up to $1.5 million and also has more than fifty
million hours of labor work done each year from the reports generated in 2014 (Skanska
2013). One important feature about Skanska overall is the sustainability outlook that the
company possesses. Skanska has been a firm believer in maintaining sustainability and also
does ventures with companies globally only who put sustainability at first too (Fava 2012).
Skanskas agenda focuses on three important sectors which is the social, environmental and
economic that makes up the sustainability agenda for Skanska (Skanska 2015).
The main business aim of this venture is to provide luxury housing to the potential investors
of Sweden and also have government projects like subways and railways.
Event
Establishment of Damac
Start of construction on Marina Terrace, Dubai
Inauguration of Park Towers which is a
uniquely created two tower project built
in Dubai Financial District
Expansion of the company continues
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2011
projects
Initiation of a hospitality project called
Damac Maison by Damac
Damac completed another 4072 units
which made them at the top of all other
development companies
2012
2013
Financial Center
Commencement of Akoya which is a 42
million square foot development project
plan.
Damac collaborates with Fendi for
development projects designed for Saudi
Arabia and Dubai.
Damac also collaborated with Paramount
Hotel and Resorts to make Damac Towers
2014
2015
Akoya Oxygen
Damac collaborated with Bugatti to
design villas at Akoya Oxygen
Establishment of Aykon Nine Elms by
Versace Home in London. Damac listed
on Dubai Financial Market.
(Damac 2016)
Event
Aktiebolaget Sknska Cementgjuteriet was
founded by Rudolf Fredrik Berg in Southern
1900s
Sweden
Skanska had double sales during the
1900s
21st century
Exchange
Skanka got its official business name
Skanska spread in different European countries
and in America
(Skanska 2016)
Make Damac the leading luxury development industry throughout the Middle East
Expand the existing Damac range of products
Enhance and make the customer service better internationally
Make sure that all the products that are delivered at an elite standard with a good
price
Every project delivered should be ensured to be done in an efficient style
Maintenance of capital structure of the company at all times
Deliver investors value (Damac 2014, 18)
doing the venture, it is advisable that Skanka could take over the basic layout of the projects
and integrate small things in the venture like the Human Resources.
both the companies to research on Swedish peoples income and knows how much they
spend on housing or renting an apartment. Once the decision is made, they can diversify their
services and produce the products which satisfy the customers and focus on their needs and
wants. Sweden is facing the issue of an ageing population and requires more housing projects
by 2025 (Kruger 2016). DAMAC along with Skanska can provide extensive range of luxury
real estates and green projects (sustainable).
2. Threat of substitutes: There is currently a high demand for luxury homes in Sweden
and as the demand continues increasing, there are very few construction companies
offering luxury homes and there arent many of them on the market. This makes it a
huge opportunity for DAMAC to enter the Swedish construction market. The homes
being provided by DAMAC properties are customized and the interior designs for
each real estate built, have unique style and creativity which captures the interest of
potential buyers. . The product is different and is also very clearly distinguished,
customers that prefer this style of design will not have a lot of options available for
them.
3. Bargaining power of customers: Customers looking to buy luxury homes in Sweden
are wealthy and affluent individuals who are willing to pay the price set for the homes
DAMAC properties can offer. The bargaining power of the target customers that are
in the age group starting from people in their late 30s to the age of 65 as Sweden is a
country with more population leaning towards the older generation, is high but
owning these homes is a symbol of affluence. It should also be noted that housing
prices increased in the year 2015 and some experts believe that this will be a
continuous trend (Billner 2015).
4. Bargaining power of suppliers: There are many suppliers for construction and housing
materials in Sweden, these suppliers offer the best value and good prices. The
bargaining power of the supplier is low because there are many on the market that can
provide a customer with similar or better quality of products. This is a huge advantage
for DAMAC as suppliers offer eminence in value added raw materials at affordable
prices (Billner 2015).
5. Degree of rivalry amongst existing competitors: The degree of rivalry is low in the
Swedish market for luxury housing and there are very few competitors because the
demand for this product has only started rising (Team FME 2013). Damac properties
which have a great distinctive competency will thrive extremely well in this market as
they offer the best quality.
5.External Analysis:
5.1 PESTEL:
Political Factors:
Swedens government policies and regulations on Foreign Investment were restrictive and
complex until the 90s when they joined the European Union (EU). Since this time the
government has encouraged foreign direct investment and it has increased over the years.
Foreign investment from various countries has contributed to increase in employment rates
with over 1,000 foreign companies providing 570,000 jobs (Jones 2016). Sweden is a country
that practices democracy and the head of state is a prime minister, it is politically stable and
has peaceful elections. There is little or no government intervention in organizational affairs
and government incentives like low corporate tax and eradication of capital gain taxes have
been implemented by the government to encourage foreign investors (Plattform 2016).
Additionally, profits earned in the Swedish branch of a foreign company may be sent abroad
without incurring any tax except the usual corporate income tax.
This makes it easier for DAMAC to enter into the Swedish construction market without
facing any political issues. They can also take Government projects like railway projects
offered by Stockholm bypass. This project amounts to SEK 13.9 billion and the next project
starts in late 2016 and another in 2025 (Eliasson 2015).
Economic Factors:
Sweden has experienced continuous economic growth regardless of the recession going on
worldwide, this is because the government had taken steps beforehand to ensure a certain
level of economic stability so even if worldwide there are several economic issues the effect
is mild in this country . Unemployment rates and inflation rates are low compared with that
of other countries worldwide. Foreign companies and favorable government policies have
assisted Sweden with its economic stability. It is one of the countries with a lot of foreign
investments and political stability has helped drive the success of the economy. Although
GDP growth rate was constrained by the 2008-2009 global financial crisis, the economy
recovered with 6.6% GDP growth rate in 2010 and GDP is expected to grow to $99.5 trillion
while the economy grows to $591 billion by 2018 Sweden has a high income economy and it
is the world's tenth-richest economy in terms of per capita income which means income
earners have more disposable income to spend and makes it a good market for construction
companies (Focus Economics 2016).
This makes Sweden a golden opportunity for DAMAC to make investments in the
construction and infrastructure sector.
Sociocultural factors:
When it comes to business meetings, the Swedish adopt a more formal environment. Some of
the most important things a foreign manager has to take care with are punctuality, setting up
appointments in advance, open and direct communication, use of first name, respect of
personal space and conservative dressing (not flashy). In western culture, it is common for
businessmen to separate their personal lives from their professional lives. In the UAE, it is
the complete opposite as business partners or acquaintances might be more familiar with
each others families and ask questions regularly. Consumers value CSR and social welfare
so it can said that businesses with effective CSR policies will be favored over the others
(Brown 2016).
In order to solve this, the people who are sent to work in Sweden need to refrain from asking
personal questions unless they open up on their own and also maintain punctuality so that
they gain many business projects. Keeping a professional stance is a must when handling
business meetings.
Technological factors:
Sweden is one of the most technologically advanced countries and results from research
performed by OECD shows that Sweden invests 3 per cent of its GDP in research and
development, the only countries that exceed this amount are Finland and Israel. The
government has set up various government agencies that fund and coordinate research, fields
that are currently being focused on include medicine and bioscience, technology and climate
change (Dahlstrand 2015). Swedes are innovators and the Nobel Prize which is awarded to
people that drive innovations and change was created by a Swedish man called Alfred Nobel.
The increased use of social media also helps companies communicate with their target
buyers.
Environmental factors:
The first nation to inaugurate an environmental protection agency is Sweden; this shows the
extent to which they value environmental sustainability. Swedish government have taken
various steps to ensure protection of the environment and there have been large investments
and increased efforts to raise awareness which ensure organizations decrease their carbon
footprints and suppliers provide materials that were sourced ethically. According to
the OECD Environmental Performance Review 2014, Sweden is a very innovative country
when it comes to environment-related technology (Global Property Guide 2015). Investments
in environmental R&D have made Sweden an innovation leader for several clean energy
technologies, including biofuels, smart grids and carbon capture and storage, these
investments have resulted in Sweden being ranked 4th in the Global Cleantech Innovation
Index (Brown 2016) .
Legal factors:
In the year 2006, the government introduced the Companies Act which enables foreign companies to
have a better say in their stock businesses. All business enterprises in Sweden must register at the
Swedish Companies Registration Office, registration of trademark is also required to enable the
government provide adequate protection for intellectual property. Workers rights are protected under
the Work Environment Act which includes working hours, gender equality and anti-discrimination
laws, working hours are 40 hours per week and overtime hours are 48 hours over a four week period
and no more than 200 hours a year. Foreign companies must be able to meet the minimum legal
conditions required by the government and Workers Union (Plattform 2016).
Power distance: This dimension deals with the fact that inequality amongst individuals exists
across various societies and it examines the cultures attitude towards the inequality- is it
accepted or not. In the UAE there is high power distance, people with wasta are allowed
more opportunities than others and this is generally accepted while the Swedish society
values egalitarianism where emphasis is placed on equality in the workplace and the society
in general. Societies with low power distance experience equality and independence in the
workplace (Itim International 2016).
To avoid having to face issues in the partnership company, proper communication should be the main
factor when dealing with different employees. With the help of the HR team, it becomes easier to
understand what each individual wants. In the case of individuals from high power distance, the
managers are expected to resolves disputes and also make all the crucial decisions. On the contrary,
individuals from the low power distance will willingly comply with solving issues and stating their
point of view to managers.
Masculinity: Sweden scores 5 in this dimension which means it is a very feminine society
where emphasis is placed on caring for others and quality of life. When it comes to the
workplace, leaders practice transformational leadership. There is an emphasis on nurturing
their staff by including them in decision making process and providing them with extra
incentives, bonuses, decreased working hours. UAE can be described as neither masculine
nor feminine and their score in this dimension is 50 (Itim International 2016).
Going into a country such as Sweden, the employees from the UAE will be able to enjoy work
benefits and since they are neutral, they would easily adapt to the working conditions in Sweden.
Uncertainty avoidance: Uncertainty avoidance is the degree to which a society can deal with
not knowing what the future holds. Sweden scores 25 in this dimension which means they do
not prefer to avoid uncertainty. Societies with low uncertainty avoidance tend to be more
relaxed when it comes to rules and nonconformity to the general norms is tolerated. In
comparison UAE with a score of 80 in this dimension has a high preference for avoiding
uncertainty, countries with high scores conform strictly to laws and there is little or no
tolerance for nonconformity (Itim International 2016).
Entering in to a country with a more relaxed nature, they tend to be more into innovation and
newness. To balance between two different set of employees, keeping a general set of laws within
the company is a must. Adhering to new ideas by setting up workshops in the company once a
week with the help of motivators will be beneficial to both UAE and Swedish employees.
Long term orientation: This dimension describes how every society strives to preserve links
with its own past while dealing with the challenges of the present and future. Sweden score
for this dimension is 53 which indicate there is no real preference for this dimension. There is
currently no score available in this dimension for UAE (Itim International 2016).
Indulgence: This dimension describes the extent to which people try to control their desires
and impulses and this is based on their upbringing. Cultures with weak control can be
described as indulgent while those with string control can be described as restrained. Sweden
scores 78 which shows there culture practices indulgence, societies that have high indulgence
tend to be more optimistic and possess a positive outlook on life. There is currently no score
available in this dimension for UAE (Itim International 2016).
Strengths:
Weaknesses:
culture.
Opportunities exist in
Threats:
government.
innovation.
Opportunities:
sociocultural background.
(Skatteverket 2016).
technical skills.
come in to stabilize the supply chain by having control of the purchasing, materials, sourcing
and supply department. DAMAC has good reputation in the know-hows of buying quality
products such as steel and iron at low rates which will be useful in reducing costs and
maintaining profits in this newly formed partnership (Stockholm School of Economics 2008).
2. Materials management:
This deals with acquisitioning and improving the flow of materials such as logistics and
materials management. The main focus is not only on price but also volumes and time.
DAMAC needs to balance buying large quantities to an average pricing. Not buying too
much material to avoid expensive stocks. At the same time, it should not be too little so as to
avoid shortage and production stoppage (Stockholm School of Economics 2008).
3. Sourcing management:
Keeping a structured organizational design is an important factor when handling cross
culture teams. They need to improve on their overall understanding of purchasing knowledge
so as to understand the sourcing process (Ferreira and Kharlamov 2012). The sourcing
process focuses on strategic and calculated purchasing activities.
pricing strategy is to construct the mix to maximize market returns. An important aspect in
construction is that both the power of individual supplies and customers are likely to reach at
an agreement stage in the principle of bargaining. Different customers value different product
and service. This is why price cannot stay constant as preferences change from one customer
to another. Gronroos mentions that price can never be of sustainable advantage. The moment
one of our competitors offers a lower price, the customer will be gone unless he/she values
quality. Attention is being reeled in relationship marketing equating to the value of the
relationship in pricing (Ford et al 2003). In conclusion, prices should not be set too high
(also referring to the price bubble in construction sector in Sweden) , as this will potentially
ruin a positive relationship with a potential buyer, but it should be high enough to offset the
constructional costs incurred and still gain a profit based on quality and service value
(Mochtar and Arditi 2000).
1. Cost Oriented Pricing - This method is based mainly on cost plus mark-up, target rate of
return and break- even analysis.
2. Competition Oriented Pricing This involves ensuing the prices of competitors in relation
to what the competitors' expected reactions are.
3. Demand Oriented Pricing This type of pricing is based solely on the ongoing price or
clients perceived value (Skitmore and Smyth 2006).
6.4.1 Website:
A research done in May 2011 states that there are about 324,697,205 websites on the internet
(Elassad 2011, 4). In the present day, having websites is the quickest way of advertising the
company and to be reached to thousands of people living worldwide. When Damac does a
joint venture with Skanska they should firstly plan to create a very attractive designed
website and then find a good way to market the website and publish it worldwide (Elassad
2011, 4) This would also help to cut costs.
Designing the website:
While designing the website, it should be kept in mind that the website should have a
translator so that people can view the website worldwide in an understandable language
(Elassad 2011, 4). The default language in which the website should be created is English
because its a universal language that people would be able to comprehend with. The
translator language would be Swedish because Damac is moving to Sweden and their
primary customers are the Swedish people. The ideal language that should be picked to
design the website is ASP.NET. ASP>NET is a part of the .NET framework launched in 2002
(Microsoft 2016). It is a tool used for web development where a use can make web
applications with lease coding since ASP.NET consists of tools that are required to make web
applications. The website can be made with ASP.NET using the C# language which is new
and easy to use (Microsoft 2016). By using this language, it would be very easy for a user to
make interactive websites under the ASP.NET web forms or application (Microsoft 2016).
The website should be made sure to have all the features that the organization offers and
should be as user-friendly as possible.
Marketing the website:
For marketing the website, as stated above, the first primary language of the website should
be English to market to the customers worldwide. The other language that the website must
have is Swedish so that it is marketed to the Swedish community. The purpose of having the
website marketed in two different languages is because by having different languages, it
would help the website gain strong popularity in different parts of the world (Elassad 2011,
4).
6.4.2 Radio:
While in car, most people would prefer using radio as their preferred source of entertainment
while driving to places. Radio would be a good source for advertisement because there are
many active listeners who would pay attention while on the roads. In a news story from The
Drum, it is seen that Skanska collaborated with a radio called Radio Airtime Media to send a
message to their target audience to take care of the construction workers on the roads while
they work (Media Agency Group 2013). They have a thirty second ad on the radio where a
story is narrated about how a worker lost his life after being hit by a truck drive early
morning. The ad ends with a message to take care and look out for the construction workers
(Media Agency Group 2013). The same marketing strategy can be used by Damac to
establish itself in Sweden. The primary target audiences of Damac are the people who are
interested in luxury estates and the main target city is Stockholm because it is the richest city
in Sweden (Nylander 2013). Damac can do collaboration with Vinyl 107 which is a popular
radio station in Stockholm that plays classic hits (Dean 2009). The main reason to choose this
radio station is because the in the target audience, there is a big chance that the primary
investors would be people who are aged like mid 30s- 60 or more. It is most likely that their
choice of preferred music would be old songs and Vinyl 10 streams classic hit would give a
big advantage to Damac to air live ads on this station.
A cost accounting variance otherwise called as "sales mix variance" is used to determine the
change in unit volumes in the definite sales mix from the planned sales mix .
Sustainability strategy:
With DAMAC entering into a country which has the highest sustainability, they need to
strategize in order to make business in Sweden. Malm, the third largest city in Sweden, is a
clear example of having the worlds two leading sustainable building. Being a populous city,
they have luxury real estate buildings which are economical friendly. Bo01 is a constructed
district that unites modern architecture with ecological sustainability, while Ekostaden
Augustenborg is one of the largest investments in Europe in the ecological conversion of an
existing residential area. The estimated cost benefits of green building is that building values
decreses to 7.5 percent, operating costs drop down from 8 to 9 percent, Return on investment
improves to 6.6 percent, rent ratio hits up to 3 percent and occupancy ratio rises up to 3.5
percent (Mc Graw Hill Construction 2015). Hyllie will be developed into the resund
regions most climate-smart district. Likewise, DAMAC can focus on climate smart district
in the capital city of Sweden, Stockholm. Its energy supply will consist of 100 per cent
renewable or recovered energy. By planning to use an eco-cycle approach, it is necessary to
showcase ecological and environmentally sensitive construction and living (Sverige 2013).
This is be a huge attraction to potential buyers as Sweden is sensitive to sustainability.
Growth Strategy:
A growth strategy needs to be adopted by DAMAC in an attempt to introduce new products
such as creating new design in line with the taste of Swedish people. By this joint venture
with Skanska, they can infuse Skanskas building structural design with their luxury interior
designing.
7. Financial planning:
This section will determine the financial projection of DAMAC properties for the next three years. By
observing the figures in the appendix, the conservative estimates of growth, revenue and expenses
will be obtained. Until 2017, no significant increase in profit will be expected, as the company needs
time to earn high end customers and gain government projects in the construction market in Sweden.
Before starting any project it is a necessity for the company to make an analysis if the projects they
take in will be beneficial for the partnership or not. The section is based on the estimates of profit and
loss and balance sheet of the company. It has been established based on the net profit of both Skanska
and Damac that the company will not have to face a negative balance sheet as both have strong
financial statements and net profits. The project taken up will be beneficial for the organization
because the profit related to the project will be higher than its cost.
117,000
21,000
Net Benefit
96,000
The projected cost analysis will be seen in the Appendix which shows a savings of $1,123,751 by the
end of the year 2023.
brand image in the UAE, especially Dubai and in order to have a good reputation in Sweden, it needs
to successfully gain projects from Stockholm Bypass especially Subway building and then
concentrate on their expertise which is luxury real estate buildings (Billner 2015). Once the company
gets a hold of recognition, it will be able to bag high profit ratings and growth will be rapid once they
have a strong foothold in the construction industry. Currently, the net profit for the year 2015 in
Damac is $ 1,229,277.91. Skanskas net profits amounts to $ 584,453,610.90 (see appendix).
Decentralization:
companies in Sweden)
Strong volume to unit cost relationship (half and
half)
The newly formed company in partnership with Skanska would be better managed by centralized
decision- making.
Swedes are slow decision makers and tough negotiators (Kwintessential 2016), whereas UAEs are
also slow decision makers but they are good negotiators. So this can be an advantage for Skanska and
Damac in decision makings and negotiating.
8.4.2 Projects:
Sweden has a diverse, successful economy with high competition. According to the World Economic
Forum, Sweden ranks the 6th position for the worlds competitive country. Also, according to the
World Bank, Sweden is the sixth easiest country to trade with in the world (Sutherland 2015). As
Sweden has high competitive economy, it can be quite difficult to find major projects. But as Skanska
is already a well-established construction company, Skanska and Damac wont have much struggle in
attaining projects as Skanska has good relations with the Government of Sweden. As mentioned
above in 4.2 customer profile, that Swedens population is ageing, Skanska and Damac can focus on
constructing luxurious apartments with the help of Skanska to make it into green projects for the older
generation. This can be supportive for the society and also Damac & Skanska can operate their own
brand recognition in long run. They can also take up government projects, which can improve their
business standards and also get recognized as a joint venture.
business development. So Skanska and Damac, can appoint a transformational leader to guide and
motivate employees for business growth. The organization can also appoint Cross culture leaders to
understand the local employees as they have different cultures and value systems and help them in
work related social and cultural issues. The leaders should also have the power to organize and lead
workforce through various cultural changes and disputes (Pillai 2011). Damac and Skanskas
employees and managers should have good understanding between each other and improve their
work relations.
9. Recommendations:
Recommendation
Benefits:
This will help the staff be more sensitive to the culture of the people
staff
they are working with who are from different cultural backgrounds.
Improving the plateau in the long run. The target for lost-time accident
safety
Since Sweden places high value on CSR and social welfare, this will
responsibility
help Damac properties receive favor from the government and bring in
more clients.
People development
Green projects
Risk Management
Worksite safety improvements plateaued during the period. A lost time accident rate (LTAR) of about
3.0 was short of the LTAR target of 1.0. Ethics Skanska still has ethical risks, and needs to continue
training in this area. Green Skanska has green solutions in place, but there is varying interest in the
markets. All Commercial Development projects are Green, and in Construction up to 75 percent of
order bookings are Green. People development For people development, the programs and tools,
leadership profile and employee ownership program are in place. There is a need for improvements
within Diversity and Inclusion and in leadership. Risk management Industry-leading processes for
risk management are in place, but there is still a need for improvements. Implementation continues at
Business Unit level.
10. Conclusion:
In successfully securing and executing this business plan, proper communication play one of the
major roles and both parties must take respective control over management and the financial aspects.
With Great GDP growth rate, constructive economic policies, low unemployment rate, workforce
with advanced skills, low inflation, consumers with high disposable income and great infrastructure,
this makes Sweden one of the best countries to invest in.
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11. Appendix:
Appendix 1:
(Spencer 2016)
Appendix 2:
Appendix 3:
(Skatteverket 2016)
Appendix 4:
Appendix 5:
Appendix 6:
(Wrap 2015)
Appendix 7:
Appendix 8:
Appendix 9:
(Gallant 2013)