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Soundtrack
John Denver, Thank God Im a Country Boy.
INTRODUCTION
Reforms (land, tax, education, women), economy,
government, Rectification Campaign, Maoist virtues and
the Yanan Way.
Study Design: Area of Study One
Timeframe: 1935-44
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FACT CHECK
Yanan was a wealthy, well-populated area.
True
False
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LAND REFORM
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FACT CHECK
Fanshen means to turn over.
True
False
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SOCIAL REFORM
Womens associations.
Literacy drives: Evening schools for adults and children, soldiers
and peasants learning while working.
Literacy rate raised from 1% (1936) to 50% (1943).
University of Anti-Japanese Resistance.
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FACT CHECK
Eorts to empower ordinary people was a feature of the
Yanan Way.
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ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
While Yanan was impoverished, hardship and adversity leads
to self-suciency and confidence according to Mao.
Edgar Snow and Agnes Smedley: noted general high morale,
drive of CCP ocials, discipline of Red Army soldiers.
Peasants assisted by soldiers.
Land set aside for soldiers at the Front.
Local cottage industries: wire, tools, leather goods, soap,
batteries, simple machinery, matches, clothing.
Red Army units produced up to 40% of their own food.
Maos tobacco and Zhus lettuce.
Foreign trade and special product aka opium.
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GOVERNANCE
CCP local administration encouraged a degree of popular
representation.
Local government based on three thirds: 1 third CCP, 1 third
other leftist groups, 1 third anyone except landlords, Japanese
collaborators, members of the Right GMD, local bullies.
Village councils, which reported to and took direction from
higher up bodies (democratic centralism), were popularly
elected. Use of coloured beans.
Ocials given independence to address local needs.
Participation in manual labour.
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MASS LINE
Leadership based on mass line: learn from the masses,
provide policy based on real concerns and local conditions,
listen to the masses and provide them with practical and
eective leadership. Leadership from the people, to the
people.
Mao: Take the ideas of the masses and concentrate them,
then go to the masses, persevere in the ideas and carry them
through, so as to form correct ideas of leadership such is the
basic method of leadership.
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FACT CHECK
Mass line was the idea that the CCP should tell the
peasants what to do.
True
False
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FACT CHECK
The Rectification Campaign was, in part, to ensure correct
understanding of ideology and true loyalty to the Party
amongst lower level Communists.
True
False
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FACT CHECK
The Rectification Campaign was, in part, to ensure loyalty to
Maos leadership and instill his ideals amongst the Party.
True
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PARTY MEMBERSHIP
The Shaan-Gan-Ning Soviet ruled over 50 million
people by 1940.
The Yanan government was authoritarian, but also
ecient and free from corruption
Peasants respected the Communist government
womende zhengfu our government.
Increased support led to increased Party membership
40 000 (1937), 800 000 (1940), 1 million (1945), 4
and half million cadres (ocials) by 1949.
Red Army: 92 000 (1937), 500 000 (1940), 860 000
(1945), 4 million (1949).
The Rectification Campaign ended in 1944.
Ideology of Mao Zedong Thought and leadership of
Chairman Mao established and consolidated.
VCE History Revolutions Unit 3&4
Tom Ryan & Edrolo 2015
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24
SUMMARY
The Yanan environment.
Land reform.
Literacy and womens associations.
Economic self-suciency.
Governance: mass line and three thirds.
Rectification Campaign.
Increased support for and membership of the CCP.
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THE END
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26
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Current and past VCAA exams and related content can be accessed directly atwww.vcaa.vic.edu.au
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27