Sources:

1. Experience
a. reliable in present
2. Testimony
a. if person is trustworthy
3. Expert/Authority
a. no motive to mislead
4. Scholarly Source
a. no motive to mislead
5. Media
a. needs to be quoted and no motive to mislead

Necessary =
required
Sufficient = enough

Fallacies
1. Ad Hominem
a. personal attack
2. Ad Ignorantum or Appeal to Ignorance
a. claim is true because it hasnt been proved false
3. Begging the Question or Circular Argument
a. one must assume conclusion is correct to understand premise
4. Equivocation
a. changing the meaning of words (lack of clarity)
5. False Dilemma
a. reduce to two polar opposite choices (either/or)
6. Non Sequitur
a. premise doesnt logically lead to conclusion (does not follow)
7. Overgeneralization
a. give two examples and relate to larger group
8. Persuasive Definition
a. loading with personal opinion that taints argument b/c supports one side
9. Post Hoc, Ergo Proper Hoc
a. assume causation b/c one follows another (secession)
10.Straw Man
a. over exaggerated view of opponent you missed the point focus on one menial
issue
11.Composition
a. parts related to whole
12.Slippery Slope
a. chain reaction of events that all must occur to lead to conclusion
13.Drawing the Line
a. if you cant distinguish exact change, there is no difference
Definitions
1. acronyms are never definitions
2. unclear, more terms need to be defined
3. too broad, find one deviation
4. too narrow, find one deviation
5. persuasive/loaded, emotional words