International Journal of Mathematics and

Computer Applications Research (IJMCAR)

ISSN(P): 2249-6955; ISSN(E): 2249-8060
Vol. 6, Issue 4, Aug 2016, 21-32
TJPRC Pvt. Ltd.

INFLUENCE OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER ON VISCO-ELASTIC

HYDRO-MAGNETIC FLOW THROUGH POROUS CHANNEL
WITH SLIP CONDITION AND HEAT SOURCE
UMASHANKER1, HEMANT POONIA2 & AMITA SAROVA3
1
2

Takshila P. G. College, Behror, Alwar, Rajasthan, India

Department of Math, Stat & Physics, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana, India

3

Govt. College, Bhodia Khera, Fatehabad, India

ABSTRACT
This paper investigates a theoretical analysis of heat and mass transfer influences on visco-elastic
hydro-magnetic fluid through porous channel with heat source and thermal radiation. Further, slip condition is also
considered between the fluid and the wall. The resulting non-dimensional zed governing equations are solved
analytically for velocity, temperature and concentration field. The effect of different parameters on various fields such as
velocity, temperature and concentration field are shown with graphs. Also the effect of different parameters on skin

KEYWORDS: MHD, Heat and Mass Transfer, Porous Channel, Thermal Radiation, Natural Convection

Received: Apr 23, 2016; Accepted: Jun 15, 2016; Published: Jul 25, 2016; Paper Id.: IJMCARAUG20163

1. INTRODUCTION

Original Article

friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are shown in tables.

The radioactive convective flows have important aspect in many branches of engineering and physics.
The effects of radiative heat transfer on various free convective flows have vital role in space technology and high
temperature processes. This may play an eminent role in managing heat transfer in industry where the value of the
last product depends on the heat controlling factors. Heat transfer phenomenon in porous media is of considerable
interest due to its ever increasing industrial applications and important bearings on several technological processes.
Processes involving heat and mass transfer in porous media are frequently encountered in the chemical industry, in
reservoir engineering in connection with thermal recovery process etc. A study of convection through porous
medium can give good advantage in several areas like insulation design, grain storage, geothermal systems, heat
exchangers, filtering devices, metal processing, catalytic reactors etc. In recent years, in high-temperature
applications, a great deal of attention has been focused on the usage of porous media. Porous media have been
utilized for enhancement of heat transfer in coolant passages and in thermal insulation systems. Jha et al. [1] studied
the transient natural convection flow in a vertical channel due to symmetric heating. Natural convection flow
between vertical parallel plates one plate with a uniform heat flux and the other thermally insulated has been
investigated by Tanaka et al. [3]. Gupta and Gupta [4] have observed the effect of radiation on hydro-magnetic
convection through a vertical channel. Singh and Paul [5] have studied the unsteady natural convective between two
vertical walls heated/cooled asymmetrically. The radiative effects on magneto-hydro vertical channel flow were
concluded by Sanyal and Adhikari [8]. Singh et al. [9] have discussed the transient free convective flow between

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22

Umashanker, Hemant Poonia & Amita Sarova

two vertical parallel plates. The subject of porous media and its applications have reviewed by Nield and Bejan [10], Bejan
[2], Kaviany [7], Ingham and Pop [6], Vafai [16]. Grosan [11] has studied the effect of thermal radiation on the fully
developed mixed convective flow in a vertical channel. Rapt is [13] has studied the effect of radiation on free convection
flow through a porous medium. The MHD fully developed mixed convection flow over an infinite vertical plate in the
presence of thermal radiation has been studied by Perdik is and Rapt is [12]. Rapt is and Perdik is [14] have studied the
radiation effects on unsteady flow through a highly porous medium. Sharma et al. [15] have done investigation on
temperature distribution with radiation effects in three-dimensional Couette flow suction and injection. Weidman and
Medina [17] have studied the convective flow between vertical walls embedded in porous medium. The effects of radiation
on free convection flow between two vertical walls have been described by Mandal et al. [18]. The effects of radiation on
MHD free convective Couette flow in a rotating system have been discussed by Sarkar et al. [19].
In this paper, we analysed the heat and mass transfer effects on visco-elastic free convective fluid through porous
channel with heat source and thermal radiation in the presence of magnetic field. Slip condition is also considered between
the fluid and the wall. The dimensionless non linear equations are solved by using Laplace transform technique for
different fields and results are discussed through graphs.

2. MATHEMATICAL FORMULATION
We consider heat and mass transfer effects on visco-elastic hydro-magnetic fluid through porous channel with heat
source and thermal radiation. The distance between the channel walls is a . Employ a Cartesian coordinates system with

x ' - axis vertically upwards along the direction of flow and y '
y' =
the channel walls are at positions

-axis perpendicular to it. The origin of the axes is such that

a
a
y' =
2 and
2 . The velocity components are (u ', v ') relative to the Cartesian

frame of reference. Under the usual Boussinesq approximation, the flow is governed by the following Navier-Stokes
equations:

B02
u '
1 p '
2u '
3u '
'
=
+

u
'

u
'
+
g
*(
C
'

C
)
+
g
(
T

T
)

0
0
0
t '
y '2 K '
t ' y '2
x '

(2.1)

T
2T
1 q
Q
=

+
(T T0 )
2
C p y ' C p
t ' C p y '

(2.2)

and

C '
C '
2C '
+
= aD
t '
y '
y '2

(2.3)

With the following initial and boundary conditions:

u ' = a

u '
, T = T0 , C ' = C0'
y '

on

y'=

a
2

u ' = 0, T = T0 + (Tw T0 )(1 + ei 't ' ), C ' = C0' + (Cw' C0' )(1 + ei ' t ' ) on
Impact Factor (JCC): 4.8729

a
y'=
2

(2.4)
NAAS Rating: 3.80

Influence of Heat and Mass Transfer on Visco-Elastic Hydro-Magnetic

Flow through Porous Channel with Slip Condition and Heat Source

23

Introducing the non-dimensional parameters

q
Ua
x'
y'
t 'U
u'
= 4 2 (T0 T ) Re =
, x = , y = ,t =
u=
y '

a
a
a ,
U ,
,

T T0
Tw T0

Gr =

M =
2

a 2 B02

N2 =

4a 2 2

Pe =

aU C p

b2 =
,

Qa 2

P=
,

aP '
U

a 2 g (Tw T0 )
U
,

'
K0
K'
U
' a C = (C ' C0 )
a 2 g *(Cw' C0' )
K = 2 Rc = 2 Sc =
=
Gc =
(Cw' C0' )
a ,
a ,
D ,
U ,
U
,

(2.5)

The equations (2.1) to (2.3) reduce to the following non-dimensional equations:

Re

Pe

u
p 2 u
1
3u
= + 2 M 2 + u + Gr + Gc C Rc
t
x y
K
t y 2

(2.6)

2
= 2 + ( N 2 + b 2 )
t y

(2.7)

2C
C
C
+ Sc
= Sc
2
y
y
t

(2.8)

Corresponding boundary conditions are under as:

u =

u
, = 0, C = 0 on
y

y=

u = 0, = 1 + eit , C = 1 + eit

1
2

on

1
y=
2

(2.9)

3. SOLUTION OF THE PROBLEM

In order to solve under the boundary condition we assume the solution of the problem

u ( y, t ) = u0 ( y ) + u1 ( y )eit

( y, t ) = 0 ( y ) + 1 ( y )eit

C ( y, t ) = C0 ( y ) + C1 ( y )eit

and

it
= (1 + e )

(3.1)

Substituting these values in Equations (2.6) to (2.9)

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24

Umashanker, Hemant Poonia & Amita Sarova

u0 '' M 2 + u0 = Gr 0 GcC0
K

(3.2)

u1 ''(1 i Rc ) M 2 + + i Re u1 = Gr1 GcC1

K

(3.3)

0 ''+ ( N 2 + b 2 ) 0 = 0

(3.4)

1 ''+ ( N 2 + b 2 i Pe )1 = 0

(3.5)

C0'' + Sc Co' = 0

(3.6)

C1'' + Sc C1' i Sc C1 = 0

(3.7)

Boundary condition becomes

u0 = u0 ', u1 = u1 ', 0 = 1 = 0, C0 = C1 = 0 on
u0 = 0 = u1 , 0 = 1 = 1 , C0 = 1 = C1 on

y=

1
2

1
y=
2

(3.8)

Solving these differential equations with the help of boundary conditions, we get

u0 = K20em3 y + K21em3 y K12eSc y + K9 ( K5 cos m1 y + K6 sin m1 y ) + K13

u1 = K 37 e m4 y + K 38 e m4 y + K 22

+ K 23 ( K 7 cos m2 y + K 8 sin m2 y ) K 24 K 25 e m5 y + K 26 e m6 y

(3.9)

(3.10)

0 = K5 cos m1 y + K6 sin m1 y

(3.11)

1 = K7 cos m2 y + K8 sin m2 y

(3.12)

C0 = K1 + K 2e Sc y

(3.13)

K
3
K3

C1 = K 4 e 4 em6 y e 4 e m5 y

(3.14)

3.1 Skin-Friction
The expression for the shear stress is given by

=
y y =0
Impact Factor (JCC): 4.8729

NAAS Rating: 3.80

Influence of Heat and Mass Transfer on Visco-Elastic Hydro-Magnetic

Flow through Porous Channel with Slip Condition and Heat Source

( ( K 20 K21 )m3 + Sc K12 + K6 K9 m1 )

it
+ ( ( K37 K38 )m4 + K8 K 23m2 + K24 K 25 m5 K24 K 26 m6 ) e

25

(3.15)

3.2 Nusselt Number

The expression for the rate of heat transfer is given by

Nu =
y y =0
Nu = ( m1 K 6 + m2 K8eit )

(3.16)

3.3 Sherwood Number

The expression for the rate of mass transfer is given by

C
Sh =

y y =0
K
K3
3

it
4
Sh = Sc K 2 + K4 e (m5e + m6e 4

(3.17)

4. RESULTS AND DISCSSIONS

In order to see the physical impact of the slip at the wall on velocity field, temperature field, concentration, shear
stress and Nusselt number. The graphical and tabulated representation of results is important. We have plotted the velocity

u ( y , t ) , temperature ( y , t ) and concentration C ( y , t ) for different values of the parameters present in solution
expression.
In Figure 1, we have plotted the velocity u ( y , t ) against y for different values of Thermal Grashof number Gr,
Solutal Grashof number Gc, Schmidt number Sc, magnetic parameter M and heat source parameter b. It is observed that
the velocity increases near to wall, reaches a maximum and decreases (in the way of projectile motion) as increasing y. It is
noted that motion of the fluid increases with the increase of Gr and Gc due to enhancement in thermal and mass buoyancy
effect. Figure 1 shows that velocity profile decreases as increasing Schimidt number. The reason is that concentration
buoyancy effect is responsible to decrease in the fluid velocity. The fluid velocity also decays as increasing magnetic
parameter this is because of the reason that effects of a transverse magnetic field on an electrically conducting fluid
produces a resistive type force (called Lorentz force) which opposes the motion of the fluid.

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26

Umashanker, Hemant Poonia & Amita Sarova

Figure 1: Effects Of Gr, B, Gc, Sc And M On Velocity

Profile (T=0, N=1, Re=1, Pe=0.7,
=0.2,

Figure 2: Effects of N,

=5, K=1, B=1,

=1, Rc=1)

=1,

and K on Velocity Profile (T=0, M=1, Re=1, Pe=0.7, Gc=1, Gr=1,

Sc=0.22,

=5, B=1,

=0.2, =1, Rc=1)

In Figures 1 & 3, velocity and temperature profile increase with the increase of heat source parameter
respectively, which shows that the heat source parameter causes to make strong the slippery behavior of fluid at the wall.
The internal heat of the fluid enhances with the increase of heat source parameter. This results the rate of heat transport to
the fluid increases which enhances the temperature profile and also increases its velocity.
Figure 2 shows the effect of the radiation parameter N, slip parameter and porosity parameter K on velocity
profile against y. It is concluded that an increase in slip parameter at the wall causes the velocity increases at the wall.
The behavior of the fluid in the presence of porosity is also depicted that an increase in the velocity with increasing K as
shown in Figure 2.
In both Figure 2 & 3, velocity and temperature profile increase with the increase of radiation parameter N
respectively. The effect of radiation is to increase the rate of energy transport to the gas, thereby making the thermal
boundary layer become thicker and fluid become warmer, this enhances the effect of thermal buoyancy of the driving body
force due to mass density variation which are coupled to the temperature and there for, increasing the motion of the fluid .
It is concluded from Figure 3 that the temperature decreases with the increase of Peclet number Pe. It is
interesting to note that the flow of heat is reversed with the increase of the Peclet number Pe.
Impact Factor (JCC): 4.8729

NAAS Rating: 3.80

Influence of Heat and Mass Transfer on Visco-Elastic Hydro-Magnetic

Flow through Porous Channel with Slip Condition and Heat Source

27

Figure 3: Effects of N, Pe and B on Temperature Profile (T=0, M=1,

Re=1, Gc=1, Gr=1, Sc=0.22,

=5, K=1,

=1,

=0.2,

=1, Rc=1)

Figure 4: Effects of Rc, Pe and Re on Velocity Profile (T=0, M=1, N=1,

Gc=1, Gr=1, Sc=0.22,

=5, K=1, B=1,

=1,

=0.2,

=1)

The variation of velocity profile with the elastic parameter Rc, Peclet number Pe and Reynolds number Re are
shown in figure 4. The elastic parameter Rc decreases the thickness of velocity boundary layer which results the flow
velocity increases with increasing Rc. It is also clear that an increase in Peclet number results a decrease in velocity profile,
which shows that the Peclet number causes to weaken the fluid slip at the wall. From figure 4, I concluded that an increase
in Reynold number results a decrease in velocity profile.

Figure 5: Effects of T on Velocity Profile (M=N=Re=1, Pe=0.7,

Gc=Gr=1,Sc=0.22,
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=5, K=B=1,

=1, =0.2, =1,Rc=1)

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28

Umashanker, Hemant Poonia & Amita Sarova

Figure 6: Effects of Sc on Concentration Profile (T=0, M=N=Re=1,

Pe=0.7, Gc=Gr=1,

=5, K=B=1,

=1, =0.2, =1, Rc=1)

Form Figure 5, we observed that the fluid velocity oscillates in various intervals of time and also concluded that
efficiency of slip at the wall is influenced by the various parameter including in the equations.
A comparison of curves in the figure 6 depicts a decrease in concentration with an increase of Schmidt number Sc.
Physically; it is true since the increase of Sc casuses decay in molecular diffusivity that gives An decrease in thickness of
concentration boundary layer. Hence, the concentration of fluid is more for lower values and less for higher values of Sc.
In table 1, we present the values of skin friction for various values of different parameters such as M, N, Re, Pe,
Gc, Gr, K, b, , where as it decreases with increasing of M and Rc. This is due to the fact that, elastic property in viscoelastic fluid reduces the frictional drag. Thus the elastic property of the fluid may have great significance in polymer
product industry as the choice of higher order visco-elastic fluid would reduce the power consumption for stretching the
boundary sheet.
Table 1

0.226224
0.192902
0.132307
0.185935
0.232653
0.193083
0.195705
0.192057
0.192849
0.198885
0.202873
0.17237
0.182636
0.225507
0.237826
0.204765
0.232653
0.168373
0.212044
0.195437
0.175148
Impact Factor (JCC): 4.8729

M
0.7
1
1.5
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

N
1
1
1
0
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

Re
1
1
1
1
1
3
15
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

Pe
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0
7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
1

Gc
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1.3
1.5
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

Gr
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0.5
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

K
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
1
1
1
1
1
1

B
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1.5
2
1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0.8
1.2
1
1

Rc
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
7
NAAS Rating: 3.80

Influence of Heat and Mass Transfer on Visco-Elastic Hydro-Magnetic

Flow through Porous Channel with Slip Condition and Heat Source

29

From Table 2, it is seen that an increase in Pe leads to an increase in Nusselt number. This shows that the rate of
heat transfer increases significantly due to dominating the viscosity of a fluid over conductivity, whereas, Nusselt number
decreases with increasing N and b.
Table 2
Nu
-1.16756
-1.20931
-1.25614
-1.17815
-1.25295
-1.32614
-1.08846

N
0
1
2
1
1
1
1

Table 3
b
1
1
1
0.5
1.5
1
1

Pe
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0
7

Sh
-1.15946
-0.99576
-0.78013
-1.19745
-1.19538

t
0
1
2
0
0

Sc
1
1
1
0.22
0.3

In Table 3, the Schmidt number i.e. mass transfer coefficient affects Sherwood number in a similar manner as that
of Peclet number in heat transfer and Sherwood number also increases as increasing time t.

NOMENCLATURE
1

- The constant velocity of moving porous plate, m.s ,

T0 - the temperature at the plate, K

T - The temperature in the boundary, K, Tw - the temperature at wall, K

u - Denote the component of the velocity in the boundary layer in x , m.s 1

C - Concentration in the fluid, mol.m 3 , Cw - Concentration at the wall, mol.m 3
C

- Dimensionless concentration,

t - the time, s , a - constant

1

g The acceleration due to the gravity, m.s ,

CP - the heat capacity of the fluid, J .Kg 1.K 1

B0 - The magnetic induction, Pr - the Prandtl number, K the Porosity parameter

K Non-dimensional Porosity parameter,

M - the magnetic parameter, Re the Reynold number

Rc The elastic parameter, Pe the Peclet number, N the radiation parameter

b The heat source parameter,

Gr - the thermal Grashof number, Gc - the solutal Grashof number

Nu The Nusselt number, Sh the Sherwood number, Sc the Schimdt number

2

D Mass diffusion coefficient, m .s , q the Radiative heat flux

GREEK LETTERS
- Constant,

- the mean radiation absorption coefficient, - the slip parameter

3
- The volumetric coefficient of thermal expansion, K 1 , - the density of the fluid, Kg .m

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30

Umashanker, Hemant Poonia & Amita Sarova

* - Volumetric coefficient of expansion with concentration, K 1 ,

- Dimensionless temperature

- The coefficient of viscosity, Pa.s, - the kinematics viscosity, m 2 .s 1

- The electrical conductivity, - the coefficient of thermal conductivity, Wm 1 K 1
- The frequency of the suction velocity
5. CONCLUSIONS
The theoretical solution of heat and mass transfer influences on visco-elastic hydro-magnetic fluid through porous
channel with heat source and thermal radiation in the presence of slip condition is considered. The dimensionless
governing equations are solved by the usual Laplace-transform technique. The effects of the different parameters involved
in the equations on the fluid are observed through graphs. Further it is observed that
1. An increase in Gr and Gc leads to a rise in the fluid velocity due to enhancement in thermal and mass buoyancy
effect and result is same as for

, N, b, K and Rc whereas the velocity profile decreases as increasing M, Re and Pe.

2. With the increase in N and b, the temperature profile increases due to enhancement in internal heat of the fluid
whereas the temperature profile decreases with increasing Peclet number.
3. The effects of different parameters are also observed on the skin-friction, the Nusselt number and Sherwood number
through tables.

6. REFERENCES
1.

Jha, B. K., Singh, A. K. & Takhar, H. S. (2003). Transient Free Convection Flow in a Vertical Channel Due to Symmetric
Heating, International Journal of Applied Mechanical Engineering, 8, 497-502.

2.

Bejan, A. (1994). Convection heat transfer. Weiley, New York.

3.

Tanaka, H., Miyatake, O., Fujii, T. & Fujii, M. (1973). Natural Convection Heat Transfer between Vertical Parallel Plates-One
Plate with a Uniform Heat Flux and the Other Thermally Insulated, Heat Transfer Japanese Research, 2, 25-33.

4.

Gupta, P.S. & Gupta, A.S. (1974). Radiation Effect on Hy-dromantic Convection in a Vertical Channel, International Journal
of Heat Mass Transfer, 17, 1437-1442.

5.

Singh, A.K. & Paul, T. (2006). Transient Natural Convection between Two Vertical Walls Heated/Cooled Asymetrically,
International Journal of Applied Mechanical Engineering, 11, 143-154.

6.

Ingham, D.B. & Pop, I. (2005). Transport phenomena in porous media. Elsevier Science, Oxford.

7.

Kavinay, M. (1995). Principles of heat transfer in porous media. Springer-Verlay, New York, Inc..

8.

Sanyal, D.C. & Adhikari, A. (2006). Effects of Radiation on MHD Vertical Channel Flow, Bulletin of Calcutta Mathematical
Society, 98, 487-497.

9.

Singh, A. K., Gholami, H.K. & Soundalgekar, V. M. (1996). Transient Free Convection Flow between Two Vertical Parallel
Plates, Heat and Mass Transfer, 31, 329-331.

10. Nield, D.A. & Bejan, A. (1971). Convection in porous media. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York.

Impact Factor (JCC): 4.8729

NAAS Rating: 3.80

Influence of Heat and Mass Transfer on Visco-Elastic Hydro-Magnetic

Flow through Porous Channel with Slip Condition and Heat Source

31

11. Grosan, T. & Pop, I. (2007). Thermal Radiation Effect on Fully Developed Mixed Convection Flow in a Vertical Channel,
Technische Mechanik, 27, 3747.
12. Perdikis, C. & Rapti, E. (2006). Unsteady MHD flow in the presence of radiation. Int. J. of Applied Mech. and Eng. 11, 383390.
13. Raptis, A. (2009). Radiation and free convection flow through a porous medium. Int Commun Heat Mass Transfer. 25, 289295.
14. Raptis, A. & Perdikis, C. (2004). Unsteady flow through a highly porous media in the presence of radiation. Transport in
Porous media. 57, 171-179.
15. Sharma, B.K., Agarwal, M. & Chauchary, R.C. (2007). Radiation effect on temperature distribution in three-dimensional
Couette flow with suction or injection. Appl. Math. Mech. 28, 309-316.
16. Vafai, K. (2005). Handbook of porous media (2nd ed), Taylor and Francis, New York.
17. Weidman, P.D. & Medina, A. (2008). Porous media convection between vertical walls: continuum of solutions from capped to
open ends. Acta Mech. 199, 209-216.
18. Mandal, C., Das, S. & Jana, R.N. (2012). Effect of Radiation on Transient Natural Convection Flow between Two Vertical
Walls, International Journal of Applied Information Systems, 2, 49-56.
19. Sarkar, B.C., Das, S. & Jana, R.N. (2012). Effects of Radiation on MHD Free Convective Couette Flow in a Rotating System,
International Journal of Engineering Research and Application, 2, 2346-2359.
20. Sarkar, B.C., Das, S. & Jana, R.N. (2012). Oscillatory MHD Free Convective Flow between Two Vertical Walls in a Rotating
System, Advance in Applied Science Research, 3, 3311-3325.

6. APPENDICES

K2 =
K1 = K 2 e

K6 =

Sc
2

Sc

4

1
1
e
K5 =
K4 =
S
m
K
2 cos 1
2sinh c K = S S + i 4
2sinh 3
(
)
c
c
2 ,
2 , 3
2 ,
,

1
1
1
K7 =
K8 =
G
m
m
m
2sin 1
2 cos 2
2sin 2 K9 = 2 r 2 K10 = K5 cos m1 K 6 sin m1
m1 + m3 ,
2 ,
2 ,
2 ,
2
2

KG
+ K1Gc
m
m

K11 = m1 K5 sin 1 + K 6 cos 1 K12 = 2 2 c 2 K13 =

Sc m3 ,
m32 ,
2
2 ,

K15 = K5 cos

Sc

K14 = K 9 ( K10 K11 ) K12 (1 + S c ) e 2 + K13

K16 = K13 + K9 K15 K12 e

K20 = K18 K19e m3 e

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Sc
2

m3
2

K17 = 2 ( sinh m3 + m3 cosh m3 )

K16e

m3
2

K18 =
,

m1
m
+ K6 sin 1
2
2 ,

K (1 m3 )
K14
K19 = 16
K17 ,
K17
,

m3
m
3

2
K21 = K18e K19e 2 K 22 =
(1 i Rc ) m42 ,

,
,

editor@tjprc.org

32

Umashanker, Hemant Poonia & Amita Sarova

K 23 =

Gr

(1 i Rc ) ( m12 + m42 )

K 27 = K7 cos

K 24 =
,

K3
4

Gc K 4
e
e
K25 = 2
K26 = 2
2
1 i Rc ,
m5 m4 ,
m6 m42 ,

m2
m

m2
m
+ K8 cos 2
K8 sin 2 K 28 = m2 K 7 sin
2
2 ,

2
2 ,
m5

K 29 = K 25 (1 + m5 ) e 2 + K 26 (1 m6 ) e

K31 = K 7 cos

K3
4

m6
2

K30 = K23 ( K27 K28 ) K24 K29 + K22

m2
m
m
m6
5
+ K8 sin 2
2
2
K = K 22 + K 23 K31 K24 K32 ,
K
=
K
e
+
K
e
25
26
2
2 , 32
, 33

K34 = 2 ( sinh m4 + m4 cosh m4 )

K37 = ( K35 K36e m4 K33 ) e

m4
2

K35 =
,

K30
K34

K19 =
,

K33 (1 m4 )
K34

m4
m
4

K38 = K35e 2 K36 e 2

,
,

2
K +S
K S
1 m2 = m3 + i Re
m =M +
m5 = 3 c m6 = 3 c
4
m12 = N 2 + b 2 m22 = m12 i Pe
1
i

K,
2
2 .
c ,
,
,
,

2
3

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