Architecture 324

Structures II

Steel Column
Analysis and Design

Failure Modes
Effects of Slenderness
Stress Analysis of Steel Columns
Capacity Analysis of Steel Columns
Design of Steel Columns

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Structures II

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Analysis of Steel Columns

Affect of Slenderness:

Short columns crush

Intermediate columns crush
partially and then buckle
Long columns buckle (Euler)
Slenderness Limits:
Max short & intermediate limit
Max long limit
Modes of Buckling:
Flexural (Euler) buckling
Local buckling flange or web
Flexural torsional buckling - twisting
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Structures II

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Analysis of Steel Columns

Estimate of K:

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Structures II

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Structures II

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Analysis of Steel Columns

(ASD)

Short & Intermediate Columns:

Long Columns:

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Analysis of Steel Columns

pass /fail by ASD

Data:

Column size, length

Support conditions
Material properties Fy
Applied load - Pactual

Required:

factual < Fallowable

1.

Calculate slenderness ratios.

The largest ratio governs.

2.

Check slenderness ratio against upper limit of 200

3.

Calculate Cc and determine column type (short or long)

4.

Calculate Fa based on slenderness

5.

Determine actual stress f = P/A

6.

If fa < Fa , then OK

to pass

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(short)

or
(long)

Structures II

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Structures II

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Analysis of Steel Columns

pass /fail by ASD

Data:

Column size, length

Support conditions
Material properties Fy
Applied load - Pactual

Required:

factual < Fallowable

1.

Calculate slenderness ratios.

The largest ratio governs.

2.

Check slenderness ratio against

upper limit of 200

3.

Calculate Cc and determine column

type (sort or long)

University of Michigan, TCAUP

to pass

Analysis of Steel Columns

pass /fail by ASD

3.

Calculate Cc and determine

column type (sort or long)

4.

Calculate Fa based on
slenderness

5.

Determine actual stress f = P/A

6.

If fa < Fa , then OK

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Structures II

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Analysis of Steel Columns

capacity by ASD

Data:

Column size, length

Support conditions
Material properties Fy

Required:

Max load capacity

1.

Calculate slenderness ratios.

The largest ratio governs.

(short)

2.

Check slenderness ratio against upper limit of 200

3.

Calculate Cc and determine column type (short or long)

4.

Calculate Fa based on slenderness

5.

Set fa = Fa

6.

Compute allowable capacity: Pallowable = Fallow A

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or

Structures II

(long)

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Stress Tables

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Structures II

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Analysis of Steel Columns

by AISC-ASD
Data:

Column size, length

Support conditions
Material properties Fy
Applied load - Pactual

Required:

Pactual < Pallowable

1.

Calculate slenderness ratios.

largest ratio governs.
In AISC Table look up Fa for given
slenderness ratio.
Compute: Pallowable = Fa A.
Check column adequacy:
Pactual < Pallowable
Note: Factor of Safety varies from 1.67
for Kl/r = 1 up to 1.92 for larger Kl/r

2.
3.
4.
5.

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Structures II

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Design of Steel Columns

with AISC-ASD Tables
Data:

Column length
Support conditions
Material properties Fy
Applied load - Pactual

Required:

Column Size

1.
2.

Enter table with height.

Read allowable load for each section to
find the smallest adequate size.
Tables assume weak axis buckling. If
the strong axis controls the length
must be divide by the ratio rx/ry
Values stop in table (black line) at
slenderness limit, KL/r = 200

3.
4.

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Structures II

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Determining K factors
by AISC
Sidesway Inhibited:
Braced frame
1.0 > K > 0.5

Sidesway Uninhibited:
Un-braced frame
unstable > K > 1.0

Pinned connection:
If Ic/Lc is large
and Ig/Lg is small
The connection is more pinned

Fixed connedtion:
If Ic/Lc is small
and Ig/Lg is large
The connection is more fixed

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Steel Frame Construction

University of Michigan North Quad

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Structures II

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