Flexible thinking

HIGH PRESSURE PLASTIC PIPE SYSTEMS

Transportable

SOLUFORCE BENEFITS
Soluforce RTP (Reinforced Plastic Pipe) has been
manufactured and used extensively since the year 2000.
It is estimated that over a thousand kilometers worldwide
is currently in operation.
The concept of a completely non corrosive pipe system
for high pressure hydrocarbon applications came about
through the demand from oil companies who proactively
participated in the development and qualification of RTP.
In 1998 a JIP (Joint Industrial Project) which brought
together manufacturers, users (such as Saudi Aramco,
Petrobras, Shell, BP) and testing institutes was created.
Out of the JIP was developed an API standard (API RP 15S)
for RTP in 2006.
Soluforce RTP is a complete non metallic piping system.
It is qualified for Water, Hydrocarbons and Gas applications.
Manufactured by Pipelife in Enkhuizen, The Netherlands,
Soluforce RTP is supplied on disposable wooden reels
which may be easily transported by either road or ship.
Soluforce RTP comes with a complete fitting system
for its pipes. It provides welding equipment and certified
welders for installation wherever the customer requires.
Soluforce is a business unit within the Pipelife
International group of companies and benefits from
belonging to one of the worlds largest plastic pipe
manufacturers.

Robust
2

SILOAM
SPRINGS

Pipelife International G.m.b.H.

is a global player in the manufacture
of plastic pipe systems with offices
and production facilities in over
25 countries.

SUMMARY
Benefits
Water
Hydrocarbons
Connection Systems

Pages 4 - 7
Pages 8-11
Pages 12-17
Pages 18-25

HAPARANDA
II
UTAJRVI
KAAVI
SURNADAL

STATHELL
TALLINN

LJUNG

LSREMMA

ENKHUIZEN

GDANSK

ZHUKOV

BAD ZWISHENAHN

CORK

KALMTHOUT

RADOM
OTROKOVICE

GAILLON

VIENNA

DEBRECEN

CHTEAUROUX
KARLOVAC

MIERCUREA CIUC

ZARAGOZA

ISTAMBUL
THIVA

Deployment

SOLUFORCE BENEFITS

Solves corrosion problems

Very fast Installation

Maintenance Free

Design life up to 50 years

Soluforce RTP deployed (floating)

during an offshore installation.

SOLUFORCE BENEFITS

No scaling - No erosion

Re-Usable

400 meters length per coil

Very robust

Soluforce RTP installed

in the desert

SOLUFORCE
standards, testing AND qualificationS
Standards
Soluforce complies with the following standards:
Oilfield service:
API RP 15S

Qualification of Spoolable Reinforced Plastic Linepipe

Soluforce Light, and Soluforce Classic pipe system

API 17J

Specification for Unbonded Flexible Pipe

Soluforce Heavy, pipe body

Gas distribution and transport:

ISO TS 18226 Reinforced Thermoplastic Piping Systems for Gaseous Fuels

(Soluforce Light and Soluforce Classic, gas transport & distribution)
DVGW VP 642 Faserverstrkte PE-Rohre (RTP) und zugehrige Verbinder fr

Gasleitungen mit Betreibsdrcken ber 16 Bar

(German Standard for gas distribution and transport,

Soluforce Light and Soluforce Classic)
Soluforce has a proven track record in the oil and gas industry, and has been used
since 2000 for different applications, including oil and gas linepipe, water injection
pipe, water transportation, and gas distribution and transport.
Soluforce maintains the highest quality levels with regard to the design, manufacturing
and testing of their products, according to, or exceeding the requirements in international
standards.
Qualification and Certification
The design, testing and qualification of Soluforce is verified according to the applicable
standards by ISO accredited independent institutes. For oilfield applications: Det Norske
Veritas (DNV). For gas distribution and transport: RWTV. Certification by Bureau Veritas
for oil applications at 150 bars working pressure. Bureau Veritas certify that Soluforce
complies with AP 17J (specification for unbonded flexible pipe) 3rd edition for sour
applications.
QA/QC System
Soluforce is developed, manufactured and marketed
under ISO9001 QA/QC system, approved by KIWA.

SOLUFORCE
DESIGN AND Reliability
The reliability of Soluforce is guaranteed by extensive laboratory testing and long term
field experience.
To assess the long-term strength, Soluforce is pressure tested for a period of 10,000 hours
(more than one year), according to internationally accepted standards. One of the most
important test criteria is that the fitting system should be stronger than the pipe itself.
Next to corrosion, third party interference is the major cause of pipeline failure.
Soluforce Light and Classic, being completely non-metallic, including the fitting
system, offer the ultimate in absolute corrosion resistance. The resistance to third party
interference, earth quakes and landslides has been verified in the laboratory by falling
weight impact testing, axial load and bending testing under supervision of major oil
companies. In-field impact testing with digging machines has shown equal or better
performance than steel pipe.
Soluforce is field-proven since 2000, when the first flowlines were installed in the Middle
East desert. These pipes have been in service since without any interruption. Meanwhile
Soluforce has been installed worldwide onshore and offshore at major oil and gas
companies. No failure in service has been reported.

Axial force test

Elevated temperature testing

in a hot water bath at 85 C.

Test preparation

Bending test
Squeeze test
7

SOLUFORCE WATER

HIGH PRESSURE
PLASTIC PIPE SYSTEMS
FOR WATER

SOLUFORCE WATER

Soluforce LIGHT : L450 - L540

A synthetic fibre tape reinforcement
for lower pressure applications.
- Effluent water
- Water supply

Soluforce CLASSIC : M480 - M570

An synthetic fibre tape reinforcement
for medium pressure applications.
- Effluent water
- Saline water
- Water injection

Soluforce Classic and Light are resistant to ALL chemicals involved

in water injection, also in extremely sour environments, including:
- H2S in any concentration/pressure
- (strong) inorganic acids like HCl, H2SO4
- (strong) alkaline materials, including NaOH, KOH, and NH3 solutions
- CO2 in any concentration/pressure
- Anti-corrosion additives
- Mineral salts
- Hydrocarbons of any composition

Soluforce HEAVY : H415 - H515

A high strength steel wire reinforcement
for high pressure water applications.
- High pressure water injection

SOLUFORCE WATER DATA SHEET

Soluforce WATER Data Sheet
Soluforce type
Dimensions

L450

L540

M480

M570

H415

H515

Nominal diameter

100 mm / 4"

150 mm / 6"

100 mm / 4"

150 mm / 6"

100 mm / 4"

150 mm / 6"

Outside diameter

125 mm / 5"

150 mm / 6"

125 mm / 5"

150 mm / 6"

125 mm / 5"

150 mm / 6"

Inside diameter

100 mm / 4"

125 mm / 5"

100 mm / 4"

125 mm / 5"

100 mm / 4"

125 mm / 5"

Weight in air

< 6 kg/m / 4.2 Lb/ft

<10 kg/m / 7 Lb/ft

Technical Details
Liner material

HDPE, black, type PE100

Cover material

HDPE, white, UV stabilised, type PE100

Reinforcement

Aramid Fibre

High strength steel wire cord

Ratings
Pressure Ratings
Hydrostatic Design Basis (HDB),
LCL 20 years (API RP 15S)

45 Bar /
644 psi

36 Bar /
522 psi

Design pressure, FAT (API 17J)

Short term bursting pressure
(STHB)
Maximum continuous operating
pressure (20 yrs)

111 Bar /
1610 psi

90 Bar /
1305 psi

N/A

N/A
195 Bar /
2828 psi

195 Bar /
2828 psi

> 144 Bar /

2088psi

> 115 Bar /

1670 psi

> 360 Bar /

5220 psi

> 270 Bar /

3915 psi

> 450 Bar /

6525 psi

> 360 Bar /

5220 psi

36 Bar /
522 psi

29 Bar /
421 psi

90 Bar /
1305 psi

72 Bar /
1044 psi

150 Bar /
2200 psi

150 Bar /
2200 psi

195 Bar /
2828 psi

195 Bar /
2828 psi

Operating temperatures
Maximum ambient and/or
fluid temperature

65 C / 150 F

Minimum ambient and/or fluid

temperature

Above freezing point of fluid

Design and Construction Parameters

Flow
Hazen Williams friction factor (C)

150

Darcy Weisbach surface

roughness (e)

0.0015 mm

Design lifetime
Surface installed

20 years

Buried

50 years

Minimum bending radius

In storage

1.25 m / 41.2

In service

3.00 m / 910.1

Test pressure
49 Bar /
711 psi

40 Bar /
421 psi

Dimensions per coil (l x h x w)

400 x 420
x 115 cm

410 x 420
x 146 cm

400 x 420
x 115 cm

410 x 420
x 146 cm

Weight per coil

2200 kg /
4846 Lbs

2720 kg /
5991 Lbs

2240 kg /
4933 Lbs

2760 kg /
6079 Lbs

Maximum Hydrotest Pressure

123 Bar /
1784 psi

100 Bar /
1450 psi

Packaging
Length per coil

10

400 m / 1312

220 m / 721
410 x 420
x 146 cm
1940 kg /
4273 Lbs

2380 kg /
5242 Lbs

SOLUFORCE WATER
Soluforce LIGHT : L450 - L540
With a maximum operating pressure of 36 Bar
and 29 Bar for the (4 and 6 pipe resp.),
SOLUFORCE LIGHT provides an excellent, flexible
solution for medium pressure water transport.
As it is fully non-metallic it serves any sour application, without restrictions regarding H2S and CO2
content.
Soluforce CLASSIC : M480 - M570
Available with a maximum operating pressure
of 90 Bar and 72 Bar (4 and 6 resp.),
SOLUFORCE CLASSIC serves a very wide range
of applications due to its unique combination
of properties. Being fully non-metallic it is the
ideal solution for even the toughest high pressure
application such as sour service, without restrictions
regarding H2S and CO2 content.
Temperature uprating factors and maximum pressure rating
Temp [C]

Uprating Factor

M480 [bar]*

M570 [bar]*

10

1,54

137

109

20

1,45

129

103

30

1,34

120

96

40

1,24

111

89

50

1,14

102

81

55

1,1

98

78

60

1,05

93

75

65

90

72

70

0,95

85

68

80

0,86

76

61

*water service

Soluforce HEAVY : H415 - H515

For very high operating pressures up to 223 Bar (4)
and 178 Bar (6) a steel wire reinforced pipe is
available. SOLUFORCE HEAVY is specially developed for very high pressure (saline) water injection.
It is resistant to (strong) inorganic acids like HCl,
H2SO4 and (strong) alkaline materials, including
NaOH, KOH, and NH3 solutions. As the pipe is steel
cord reinforced the pipe has some limitations for
sour H2S applications. The CO2 content in the fluid
can be very high, up to 7 % in the gas phase.

11

SOLUFORCE HYDROCARBONS

HIGH PRESSURE
PLASTIC PIPE SYSTEMS
FOR HYDROCARBONS

Soluforce RTP oil hook up line

12

SOLUFORCE HYDROCARBONS

Soluforce LIGHT : L450 - L540

A synthetic fibre tape reinforcement
for lower pressure applications.

Soluforce CLASSIC : M480 - M570

A synthetic fibre tape reinforcement
for medium pressure applications such as oil
flow lines and water disposal lines.

Soluforce CLASSIC HPG : M480 HPG - M570 HPG

A synthetic fibre tape reinforcement with
a low gas permeation grade liner for medium
pressure gas applications.

Soluforce HEAVY : H415 - H515

A high strength steel wire reinforcement
for high pressure oil flowlines.

Soluforce HEAVY PA : H415 PA - H515 PA

A high strength steel wire reinforcement
with polyamide inner lining for high
pressure gas applications.

13

SOLUFORCE HYDROCARBONS data sheet

SYNTHETIC FIBER REINFORCED RTP - API RP 15S
Soluforce HYDROCARBONS Data Sheet
Soluforce type

L450

L540

M480

M570

M480 HPG

M570 HPG

Dimensions
Nominal diameter

100 mm / 4"

150 mm / 6"

100 mm / 4"

150 mm / 6"

100 mm / 4"

150 mm / 6"

Outside diameter

125 mm / 5"

150 mm / 6"

125 mm / 5"

150 mm / 6"

125 mm / 5"

150 mm / 6"

Inside diameter

100 mm / 4"

125 mm / 5"

100 mm / 4"

125 mm / 5"

100 mm / 4"

125 mm / 5"

Weight in air

< 6 kg/m / 4.2 Lb/ft

< 10 kg/m / 7 Lb/ft

HDPE, black, type PE100

HDPE, low permeation grade

Technical Details
Liner material
Cover material

HDPE, white, UV stabilised, type PE100

Reinforcement

Aramid Fibre

Ratings
Pressure Ratings
Hydrostatic Design Basis (HDB),
LCL 20 years (API RP 15S)
Short term bursting pressure
(STHB)
Maximum continuous
operating pressure (20 yrs)

45 Bar /
644 psi

36 Bar /
522 psi

> 144 Bar /

2088psi

> 115 Bar /

1670 psi

26 Bar /
377 psi

21 Bar /
305 psi

111 Bar /
1610 psi

90 Bar /
1305 psi

111 Bar /
1610 psi

90 Bar/
1305 psi

> 360 Bar /

5220 psi

> 270 Bar /

3915 psi

> 360 Bar /

5220 psi

> 270 Bar /

3915 psi

65 Bar /
943 psi

52 Bar /
754 psi

65 Bar /
943 psi

52 Bar /
754 psi

65 Bar /
943 psi

52 Bar /
754 psi

123 Bar /
1784 psi

100 Bar /
1450 psi

Operating temperatures
Maximum ambient and/or
fluid temperature

65 C / 150 F

Minimum ambient and/or fluid

temperature

- 40 C / - 40 F

Design and Construction Parameters

Flow
Hazen Williams friction factor (C)

150

Darcy Weisbach surface

roughness (e)

0.0015 mm

Bubble Point (according to ASTM F316)

Maximum bubble point pressure
@ 65C / 150F

26 Bar /
377 psi

21 Bar /
305 psi

21 Bar /
305 psi

21 Bar /
305 psi

Design lifetime
Surface installed

20 years

Buried

50 years

Minimum bending radius

In storage

1.25 m / 41.2

In service

3.00 m / 910.1

Test pressure
49 Bar /
711 psi

40 Bar /
421 psi

123 Bar /
1784 psi

Dimensions per coil (l x h x w)

400 x 420
x 115 cm

410 x 420
x 146 cm

400 x 420
x 115 cm

410 x 420
x 146 cm

400 x 420
x 115 cm

410 x 420
x 146 cm

Weight per coil

2200 kg /
4846 Lbs

2720 kg /
5991 Lbs

2240 kg /
4933 Lbs

2760 kg /
6079 Lbs

2240 kg /
4933 Lbs

2760 kg /
6079 Lbs

Maximum Hydrotest Pressure

100 Bar /
1450 psi

Packaging
Length per coil

14

400 m / 1312

SOLUFORCE HYDROCARBONS data sheet

STEEL CORD REINFORCED RTP - API 17J
Soluforce HYDROCARBONS Data Sheet
Soluforce type

H415

H515

H415PA

H515PA

Nominal diameter

100 mm / 4

150 mm / 6

100 mm / 4

150 mm / 6

Outside diameter

125 mm / 5

150 mm / 6

125 mm / 5

150 mm / 6

Inside diameter

100 mm / 4

125 mm / 5

100 mm / 4

125 mm / 5

Dimensions

Weight in air

<10 kg/m / 7 Lb/ft

Technical Details
Liner material

API grade Polyamide

HDPE, black, type PE100

Cover material

HDPE, white, UV stabilised, type PE100

Reinforcement

High strength steel wire cord composite

Ratings
Pressure Ratings
Design pressure, FAT (API 17J)
Short term bursting pressure (STHB)
Maximum continuous operating
pressure (20 yrs)

195 Bar / 2828 psi

195 Bar / 2828 psi

195 Bar / 2828 psi

195 Bar / 2828 psi

> 450 Bar / 6526 psi

> 360 Bar / 5220 psi

> 450 Bar / 6526 psi

> 360 Bar / 5220 psi

150 Bar / 2200 psi

150 Bar / 2200 psi

150 Bar / 2200 psi

150 Bar / 2200 psi

Operating temperatures
Maximum ambient and/or fluid temperature

65 C / 150 F

Minimum ambient and/or fluid temperature

- 40 C / - 40 F

Design and Construction Parameters

Flow
Hazen Williams friction factor (C)

150

Darcy Weisbach surface roughness (e)

0.0015 mm

Bubble Point (according to ASTM F316)

Maximum bubble point pressure @ 65C / 150 F

21 Bar / 305 psi

21 Bar / 305 psi

150 Bar / 2200 psi

150 Bar / 2200 psi

Design lifetime
Surface installed

20 years

Buried

50 years

Minimum bending radius

In storage

1.25 m / 41.2

In service

3.00 m / 910.1

Test pressure
Maximum Hydrotest Pressure

195 Bar / 2828 psi

195 Bar / 2828 psi

195 Bar / 2828 psi

195 Bar / 2828 psi

Packaging
220 m / 721

Length per coil

Dimensions per coil (l x h x w)
Weight per coil

400 x 420 x 146 cm

1940 kg / 4273 Lbs

2380 kg / 5242 Lbs

1940 kg / 4273 Lbs

2380 kg / 5242 Lbs

15

SOLUFORCE HYDROCARBONS

Soluforce LIGHT : L450 - L540

With a maximum operating pressure of 26 Bar and
21 Bar (4 and 6 ND pipe resp.), Soluforce LIGHT
provides an excellent, flexible solution for medium
pressure oil transport. For example beam pump
flow lines are a typical application for this pipe.
As this pipe concept is fully non-metallic it can serve
any sour application, without restrictions regarding
H2S and CO2 content.

Soluforce CLASSIC : M480 - M570

Soluforce CLASSIC is available with a maximum
operating pressure of 65 Bar and 52 Bar (4 and
6 ND resp.). Being fully non-metallic, it is the ideal
solution for even the toughest applications such as
sour oil service without restrictions regarding H2S
and CO2 content. Applications such as beam pump
flow lines or ESP (electrical submerged pumps) flow
lines are areas where this pipe will prove its benefits.

Ductile iron nylon coated

end flange connection

Soluforce CLASSIC HPG : M480 HPG - M570 HPG

For high pressure applications with a high associated gas content Soluforce CLASSIC HPG was
developed. This pipe has a special low gas permeation inner liner. Beam pump or ESP flow lines for
oil transport with a high GOR (gas to oil ratio) will
benefit from the ease of use, even with very high
H2S and CO2 contents. It is available with a maximum operating pressure of 65 Bar and 52 Bar
(4 and 6 ND resp.) for high GOR applications.

16

Lekhwair, Oman sour oil service

7200 m - Pressure 735 psi - Temperature 120 F
Installed in August 2000

SOLUFORCE HYDROCARBONS

Soluforce HEAVY : H415 - H515

For very high operating pressures up to 150 Bar
a steel cord reinforced pipe is available. It is
resistant to (strong) inorganic acids like HCl, H2SO4
and (strong) alkaline materials, including NaOH,
KOH, and NH3 solutions. As this pipe is steel wire
reinforced the pipe has some limitations for sour H2S
applications according to NACE MR0175 / ISO15156.
The CO2 content in the fluid may be very high.

Soluforce HEAVY PA : H415 PA - H515 PA

Soluforce Heavy PA pipe, is qualified by bureau
Veritas for hydrocarbon service according to API17J,
irrespective of the composition of the hydrocarbon
composition, with certain limitations to the
concentration of H2S and CO2, The liner materials
(HDPE or PA12) are fully compatible with
hydrocarbons and gas up to the maximum
rated temperatures.
Soluforce Heavy PA has a polyamide 12 (PA12)
liner with a reduced rate of permeation.
As a result, Soluforce Heavy PA may be used
up to its full hydrostatic pressure capacity for gas,
or for hydrocarbons with high associated gas
content.
In case of dry gas service, the temperature rating
of Soluforce Heavy PA may, under certain
conditions, be increased to 85 C (185 F). When
there is no humidity present, PA12 is not affected
by hydrolysis.

17

SOLUFORCE CONNECTION SYSTEMS

HIGH PRESSURE
PLASTIC PIPE
ASSEMBLY SYSTEMS

End fitting parts

18

SOLUFORCE CONNECTION SYSTEMS

Summary

COUPLINGS

pipe to pipe coupling (P2P)

In-line coupling

END FITTINGS

Flange

Weld Stub

SOLUFORCE Electro fusion connection system is applicable

up to 120 bars - 1740 psi at max. 65C - 150F

19

ELECTROFUSION SYSTEM
IN-LINE COUPLINGS

Combination of butt welding

and electro fusion

HDPE UV resistant
protection sleeve

Soluforce Pipe to Pipe

connectorin stainless steel 316L

Electro fusion only

20

ELECTROFUSION SYSTEM
END FITTINGS

OPTION 1 : SOLUFORCE end fitting with stainless steel 316L flange 600 #

Soluforce end fitting in stainless

steel 316L with electro fusion
connection to the pipe.

Other flange ratings available

on demand

OPTION 2 : SOLUFORCE end fitting WITH nylon coated ductile iron flange 600 #
SOLUFORCE end fitting with
nylon coated ductile iron

Nylon insert ensures no fluid

to metal contact

OPTION 3 : SOLUFORCE END FITTING WITH WELD STUB

SOLUFORCE end fitting with Stainless
steel 316L weld stub (other materials
can be supplied on demand)

21

ELECTROFUSION MACHINE

Leak tight connection by butt fusion welding of liner pipe.

Electrofusion welding of the coupling gives strength
Completely non-metallic pipeline
Totally corrosion free
Eletrofusion welding of the end fitting
Base for
- End flange
- Weld stub
- P2P system

Coupling

22

End fitting

Full installation team in a working site

ELECTROFUSION MACHINE COMPONENTS

AND TOOLS

Electrofusion control box

CNC control unit

Heater plate

Trimmer

A completely
computer controlled process
Power required to run
the machine 20 KVA

SOLUFORCE tools
23

SWAGED FITTING SYSTEM

SOLUFORCE swaged fitting in stainless steel.

SOLUFORCE swaging machine on site.

SOLUFORCE swaging machine.

SOLUFORCE can rent out swaging machines and

provide swaging services upon request.

Stainless
steel insert

Metal and pipe sandwich after

the swaging process.
The assembly consists in compressing
the external ring against the expansion
of the internal insert.

RTP pipe Sandwiched

between the swaged
fiting walls
Stainless
steel exterior
fiting

End Fitting
ASTM Flange
Stub end

Mid-Line connection
Grayloc
Slim line
Stub end

SOLUFORCE swaging system

for SOLUFORCE Heavy RTP pipe system
24

SWAGED FITTING SYSTEM

OPTION 1 : SOLUFORCE SWAGE fitting with GRAYLOC CONNECTOR 316L

Easy connection system.

Light weight.
Hooks up with
Grayloc hub flange.

OPTION 2 : SOLUFORCE SWAGE FITTING WITH SLIMLINE CONNECTOR IN 316l

Easy axial load
Heavy duty
Hooks up with Slimline
hub flange.

OPTION 3 : SOLUFORCE SWAGE FITTING WITH WELD STUB END IN 316l

Connection by steel welding.

Hooks up with any type
of weld stub flange.

Other alloys can be supplied on demand.

25

APPLICATIONS

SOLUFORCE lines hooked up to existing infra structure.

Dual lines connect by Pipe to Pipe fittings.

Installation in tropical rain forest.

Flange to flange connection.

Uncoiling of SOLUFORCE pipe along mountain road.

26

Handling of SOLUFORCE installation equipment in the field.

PIPE TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS

Easy storage and manipulation

Transport by sea

Driving out to work site on the deployment trailer.

Road transport

Uncoiling
27

SOLUFORCE OFFSHORE

HIGH PRESSURE
PLASTIC PIPE SYSTEMS
OFFSHORE

28

Special over-size drums for offshore

can be supplied on demand

SOLUFORCE OFFSHORE
When installed empty, the maximum external pressure on Soluforce, depending
on diameter, is about 0.3 MPa, which limits the water depth to approximately 30 meters.
However, when the Soluforce RTP system is kept pressurized or water filled during
installation and operation there is no theoretical limit to the water depth.
For oil and water pipes, the maximum water depth is therefore much more than 30 meters,
and limited in practice by the maximum allowable tensile load during installation.
For gas pipe, the maximum water depth is determined by the hydrostatic collapse
resistance.

Soluforce type

Soluforce CLASSIC
M480
M570 Standard

Soluforce HEAVY
H415
H415 Standard

Dimensions
Nominal diameter

(mm)

100 (4)

150 (6)

100 (4)

125 (5)

Weight, empty in air

(kg/m)

4,6

5,9

7,0

9,0

Weight, empty submerged

(kg/m)

-8,1

-12,4

-5,6

-8,9

Weight, waterfilled, submerged

(kg/m)

-0,3

-0,4

2,2

3,1

Maximum pressure, water service

(barg)

90

72

DNV

150

150

DNV

Maximum pressure, hydrocarbon service

(barg)

64

51

API RP 15S

150

150

API 17J

Maximum pressure, gas service

(barg)

64

51

API RP 15S

150

150

API 17J

Maximum hydrotest pressure

(barg)

123

100

DNV

195

195

DNV

Maximum service temprature

(C)

65

65

65

65

(mm)

0,0015

0,0015

0,0015

0,0015

150

150

150

150

Internal surface roughness (Darcy Weisbach)

Hazen Williams friction factor
1
2

Special grade HDPE linerpipe

Max 24 hours, test medium: water. For Soluforce Heavy see API 17J, Chapter 9.

For more information contact us directly at info@soluforce.com or visit our website

www.soluforce.com to download our brochure and submit your questions.
Project references can be supplied upon demand. A design guideline for offshore
installation can be obtained from Soluforce.
Conforms to API RP 15S or API 17J for spoolable composite pipe systems.
Soluforce RTP is DNV certified.

29

SOLUFORCE OFFSHORE
Soluforce is suitable and economical for multiple offshore applications such as water injection
lines, oil flowlines, and static risers up to 6 inch diameter. Soluforce may also be recoiled and
re-used for well intervention risers and test lines.
The advantage of Soluforce Classic over (stainless) steel pipe and other flexible pipe systems
is its complete corrosion resistance even in heavily sour service. Soluforce Heavy can be used
for sour service up to 0.3 Bars (4.5 psi) partial H2S pressure. Soluforce has a completely smooth
bore, as opposed to most other offshore flexible pipe solutions. This ensures a much lower flow
resistance and improved flow capacity.
Designed originally for onshore operations Soluforce has limited external pressure resistance.
However installed water filled and operated water or oil filled Soluforce may be used even
in deep water. As a temporary test line, Soluforce has been used at 900 meters (3000 ft)
water depth.
Empty, or oil- or gas filled, the differential external pressure should be no more than 0.3 MPa
(equivalent to 30 meters / 100 ft water depth). If the water depth is more than 30 meters (100 ft),
used for gas service, or oil service with high GOR (Gas to Oil Ratio), a subsea Soluforce pipeline
must be protected by some means to ensure that a positive differential pressure is maintained
at all times. This could be, for instance, a safety shut off system. In such case, as long as the pipe
is installed water filled, there is no theoretical limit to the water depth.
Being lightweight, Soluforce must be fitted with external weight to ensure sufficient onbottom stability. This may either be strap-on concrete blocks at regular intervals or a piggybacked
heavy steel wire cable. Sometimes, concrete weight mattresses are used. In deeper water,
a parallel steel wire cable is required to ensure sufficient axial strength during installation.

Soluforce Heavy PA, with a PA12 liner has been specifically designed for subsea gas pipelines,
and is approved by Bureau Veritas for such service according to API 17J.
As installation and operating conditions of flexible offshore pipelines vary widely, the over-all
suitability, installation method, and economy of Soluforce must be evaluated in detail for each
individual project. Soluforce is happy to advise the offshore engineering office of your choice on
this subject.

Soluforce Classic RTP during installation with concrete block attachment for
sinking to bottom of sea.

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Disclaimer:
All products purchased from or supplied by Pipelife are subjected to terms and conditions set out in the contract, order acknowledgement
and/or bill of lading. Pipelife warrants only that its product will meet those specifi cations designated in such contracts, order acknowledgements, and/or bills of loading. All other information including that herein, supplied by Pipelife, is considered accurate but is furnished upon the
express conditions that the customer shall make his own assessment to determine the products suitability for a particular purpose. Pipelife
makes no other warranty either express or implied, regarding such other information, the data upon which the same is based, or the results
to be obtained from the use thereof; that any products shall be merchantable or fit for any particular purpose; or that the use of such other information or product will not infringe any patent.

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SOLUFORCE
FLEXIBLE THINKING

Pipelife Nederland B.V.

Flevolaan 7
1601 MA ENKHUIZEN
Netherlands
Tel.: +31(0) 228 355 555
Fax: +31(0) 228 355 520
info@soluforce.com

November, 2011 / Copyright: Pipelife Nederland bv

www.soluforce.com