Lesson Plan in ICT for G-11

I.

Objectives:
1. Recognize the programming codes.
2. Interpret how programming codes work.
3. Identify the role of software engineers.

II.

Subject Matter
A. Topic: Introduction to Programming
B. Reference:
1. http://home.iitj.ac.in/~ramana/pds/intro_comp_programming.pdf
2. http://www.cs4fn.org/teachers/activities/intelligentpaper/intelligentpaper.pdf
3. http://www.programmingbasics.org/en/beginner/commands.html
C. Materials: Projector, Laptop and Whiteboard Marker

III.

Learning Activities
A. Preliminary Activities
1. Opening Prayer
2. Checking of Attendance
3. Recap of Previous Lesson
B. Activity
1. Title: The Intelligent Paper
2. Objectives:
This activity aims to introduce the topic of what a computer program is
and how everything computers do simply involves following instructions
written by (creative) computer programmers.
3. Procedure:
1. Introduce a highly Intelligent Paper.
2. Ask for suggestions of what it might be about the paper that could be
the basis of such an outrageous claim.
3. Ask for the volunteer to play the noughts and crosses or a tic tac toe
game.
4. One group will represent the humanity kind and the other will be the
representative for the Paper-kind.
5. The representative of Paper-kind will follow whatever is written on the
paper and the other will just use his/her highly humanly intelligent
brain.
6. Let the paper-kind representative read the sets of instructions:

I am a highly intelligent piece of paper.

Lets play noughts and crosses.
I am X, and I go first.
Move 1: Go in a corner.
Move 2:
IF the other player did not go there
THEN go in the opposite corner to move 1.
ELSE go in a free corner.
Move 3:
IF there are 2 Xs and a space in a line
THEN go in that space.
ELSE IF there are 2 Os and a space in a line
THEN go in that space.
ELSE go in a free corner.
Move 4:
IF there are 2 Xs and a space in a line

THEN go in that space.

ELSE IF there are 2 Os and a space in a line
THEN go in that space.
ELSE go in a free corner.
Move 5: Go in the free space.
C. Analysis:
1. In what way does the paper showcase its intelligence? By being unbeatable in
the game of Tic Tac Toe through the series of instructions it follows.
2. Do the instructions written on the paper define its intelligence? (No) But, if I say
that following this rules or instructions define intelligence? (Yes, for it gives a
strictly and precise instructions to be followed by the volunteer)
3. Is there someone who is held responsible? Yes. Where and from whom did the
intelligent paper acquire its ability? from the Software Engineers or
Programmer.
D. Abstraction:
1. Program
A program is a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a
task.
2. A programmer, or software developer
A person with the training and skills necessary to design, create, and
test computer programs
3. Hardware
4. Software
System software:
a. Operating Systems (Windows, Mac OS, Linux)
b. Utility Programs security virus scanners, file compression
programs, and data backup programs
c. Software Development Tools Assemblers, compilers, and
interpreters
Application software:
a. Microsoft Word, a word processing program, and Adobe
Photoshop, an image editing program. Some other examples of
application software are spreadsheet programs, email
programs, web browsers, and game programs.
5. How computer store and read data?
Bit: 1 & 0 (max of 8 bits in a byte)
Bytes:
a. 010000010 = A
b. 01001101 = 77

6. Any piece of data that is stored in a computers memory must be stored as a

binary number.
Coding schemes:
a. ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange.
ASCII is a set of 128 numeric codes that represent the English
letters, various punctuation marks, and other characters.
7. How Program Works
A computers CPU can only understand instructions that are written in
machine language (1 & 0). Programs are stored in secondary storage like
hard drive. Each instruction in a program is a command that tells the
CPU to perform a specific operation. Fetch Decode Execute.

8. High-Level Languages
High-level language allows you to create powerful and complex
programs without knowing how the CPU works, and without writing
large numbers of low-level instructions. In addition, most high-level
languages use words that are easy to understand.
Java, C++, C#, C, Visual Basic, PHP, Python, Perl Sample program JAVA.
http://www.programmingbasics.org/en/beginner
How does it work? The programmer will use either a compiler or
an interpreter to make the translation.
a. COMPILER translate the whole thing at once.
b. INTERPRETER - translate one by one.

E. Application:
1. Based from the installed programs on your mobile phone or laptops what is
your favorite?
2. If you have given a chance to make your own application or program how would
you design it?
D. Evaluation
1. What do you call the set of instructions embed to the computer in order to
function? - Program
2. What way should be the design of the computer program? in a precise
manner
3. Who is the major player in designing how the application works? Software
Engineers or Programmers.

Prepared by:
Dinessa L. Jabelo