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Biomolecules
Solutions
SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions
1.
(2) Lipids
(3) Polysaccharides
(2) Curcumin
(3) Abrin
(4) Monoterpenes
(3) Gum
(4) Abrin
(3) An oligosaccharide
(4) A homopolymer
(2) Anthocyanin
(2) A heteropolymer
(4)
A hydrogen
2
6.
Biomolecules
Solution of Assignment
(2) Collagen
(3) Peptidoglycan
Proteins which catalyse biochemical reactions in the living world are known as
(1) Enzymes
(2) Hormones
(3) Antibodies
(4) Receptor
(2) Haemoglobin
(3) Enzyme
(4) -Keratin
(3) Keratin
(2) Haemoglobin
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Solution of Assignment
Biomolecules
(2) Phospholipid
(3) Oil
CH2
O
R2
CH
CH2
R1
O
O
CH3
O
CH2
CH2
OH
Lecithin
CH3
CH3
(2) Cholesterol
(3) Suberin
(4) Glycolipids
(2) Sucrose
(3) Ribose
(4) Fructose
(2) Thymine
(3) Cytosine
T, C
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Biomolecules
Solution of Assignment
(2) 2.4
(3) 3.4
(4) 4.2
(2) DNA
(3) Protein
(4) NADPH
(3) Griffith
(2) 3.4
(3) 34
(4) 3.6
(4) Methanol
(4) Nucleotide
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Solution of Assignment
Biomolecules
(2) Sugars
(3) Phospholipids
(4) Sterols
(2) Thiamine
(3) Cytosine
(4) Adenine
(3) Oligosaccharide
(2) RuBisCO
(3) Trypsin
(4) Insulin
(2) Apoenzyme
(4) Co-enzymes
Enzyme (Holoenzyme)
Protein part
(Apozyme)
Non-protein part
(Cofactor)
Organic compound
Tightly bound
(Prosthetic group)
Inorganic
Loosely bound
(Co-enzyme)
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Biomolecules
Solution of Assignment
(2) Malonate
(3) Succinate
(4) Sulphanilamide
(3) Sulphanilamide
(2) Cofactor
Enzyme (Holoenzyme)
Protein part
(Apozyme)
Non-protein part
(Cofactor)
Organic compound
Tightly bound
(Prosthetic group)
Inorganic
Loosely bound
(Co-enzyme)
SECTION - B
Objective Type Questions
1.
CH2OH
H
OH
CH2OH
O
H
OH
OH
H
OH
OH
H
OH
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Solution of Assignment
2.
Biomolecules
HOCH2
OH
OH
OH
(1) Ribose
OH
(2) Glucose
(3) Fructose
(4) Raffinose
(2) Polysaccharide
(3) Lipid
COOH
H2NCH
CH2.COOH
(1) Acidic
(2) Basic
(3) Neutral
(4) Aromatic
(2) -helix
CH2OH
CHOH
(1) Monoglyceride
HOOCR1
+
HOOCR2
CH2OH
HOOCR3
Glycerol
Fatty acid
(2) Diglyceride
(3) Triglyceride
8
7.
Biomolecules
Solution of Assignment
P 5'
3'
S
P
S
P = Phosphate
S = Sugar
A = Adenine
T = Thymine
G = Guanine
C = Cytosine
P
S
5' P
S
3'
10. If the sequence of bases in one of the DNA strand is A G G A G A A, then the sequence of bases in the other
complementary strand of DNA would be
(1) C C T T C T T
(2) T C T C T C C
(3) T C C T C T T
(4) C C T C T C T
Solution of Assignment
Biomolecules
(d)
Statement is wrong because competitive inhibitor completes with substrate for active site, not with product
formed.
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Biomolecules
Solution of Assignment
17. Enzymes catalysing the breakdown of larger molecules into smaller molecules are
(1) Hydrolases
(2) Isomerases
(3) Ligase
Vmax
Velocity
of reaction
Vmax
2
Km
[s]
(2) Amylase
(2) An isomerase
(3) A lyase
(4) A hydrolase
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Solution of Assignment
Biomolecules
11
(2) Bone
(3) Kidney
(4) Liver
(2) 6000
(3) 60,000
(4) 60
(2) Tyrosine
(3) Glycine
(4) Histidine
12
Biomolecules
Solution of Assignment
(2) Deoxyribonucleotides
(3) Deoxyribonucleosides
(4) Ribonucleosides
(2) Thymine
(3) Adenine
(4) Uracil
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Solution of Assignment
Biomolecules
13
(2) Pepsin
(3) Steapsin
(2) Oxidoreductases
(3) Lyases
(4) Isomerases
SECTION - C
Previous Years Questions
1.
In sea urchin DNA, which is double stranded 17% of the bases were shown to be cytosine. The percentages
of the other three bases expected to be present in this DNA are
[AIPMT-2015]
(1) G 8.5%, A 50%, T 24.5%
[AIPMT-2015]
(1) The presence of the competitive inhibitor decreases the Km of the enzyme for the substrate
(2) A competitive inhibitor reacts reversibly with the enzyme to form an enzyme-inhibitor complex
(3) In competitive inhibition, the inhibitor molecule is not chemically changed by the enzyme
(4) The competitive inhibitor does not affect the rate of breakdown of the enzyme-substrate complex
Sol. Answer (1)
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3.
Biomolecules
Solution of Assignment
Select the option which is not correct with respect to enzyme action:
[AIPMT-2014]
(2) Sucrose
(3) Lactose
[AIPMT-2014]
(4) Ribose 5-phosphate
[NEET-2013]
(1) Only an unsaturated fatty acid esterified to a glycerol molecule to which a phosphate group is also attached
(2) A saturated or unsaturated fatty acid esterified to a glycerol molecule to which a phosphate group is also
attached
(3) A saturated or unsaturated fatty acid esterified to a phosphate group which is also attached to a glycerol
molecule
(4) Only a saturated fatty acid esterified to a glycerol molecule to which a phosphate group is also attached
Sol. Answer (2)
6.
(2) Carbohydrates
(3) Vitamins
[NEET-2013]
(4) Proteins
[NEET-2013]
Macromolecule chitin is
[NEET-2013]
Solution of Assignment
9.
Biomolecules
15
Which one out of A D given below correctly represents the structural formula of the basic amino acid?
A
NH2
|
H C COOH H
|
CH2
|
CH2
|
C
OH
O
NH2
|
C COOH
|
CH2
|
OH
CH2OH
|
CH2
H
|
CH2
|
NH2
D
NH2
C
COOH
CH2
|
CH2
|
CH2
|
CH2
|
NH2
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2012]
(1) A
(2) B
(3) C
(4) D
HOCH2 O "X"
OH OH
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2012]
Category
Component
(1) Nucleotide
Adenine
(2) Nucleoside
Uracil
(3) Cholesterol
Guanin
NH2
(2) Zinc
[AIPMT (Mains)-2012]
(3) Iron
(4) Niacin
[AIPMT (Mains)-2012]
(1) Alanine amino acid Contains an amino group and an acidic group anywhere in the molecule
(2) Lecithin a phosphorylated glyceride found in cell membrane
(3) Palmitic acid an unsaturated fatty acid with 18 carbon atoms
(4) Adenylic acid adenosine with a glucose phosphate molecule
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Biomolecules
Solution of Assignment
y-axis
13. The curve given below show enzymatic activity with relation to three conditions (pH, temperature and substrate
concentration)
x-axis
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2011]
y-axis
Temperature
pH
(3) Temperature
Enzyme activity
Enzymatic activity
pH or Temperature
14. Which one of the following structural formulae of two organic compound is correctly identified along with its
related function
O
CH2OCR
O
A
R2COCH
CH2OPOCH2CH2
N+
OH
NH2
B
N
N
CH3
CH3
CH3
N
NH
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2011]
Solution of Assignment
Biomolecules
17
15. The figure given below shows the conversion of a substrate into product by an enzyme. In which one of the
four options (14) the components of reaction labelled as A, B, C and D are identified correctly?
A
C
D
B Substrate
Product
[AIPMT (Mains)-2010]
Progress of Reaction
(1)
A
Potential energy
B
Transition state
(2)
Transition state
Potential energy
(3)
Activation energy
without enzyme
Transition state
(4)
Transition state
C
Activation energy with
enzyme
Activation energy
without enzyme
Activation energy with
enzyme
D
Activation energy
without enzyme
Activation energy with
enzyme
Potential energy
Activation energy
without enzyme
Potential energy
Nitrogenase
Pectinase
(3) Textile
Amylase
(4) Detergents
Lipase
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2009]
b. Chemical non-reactive
d. Osmotically inactive
(4) a, c & e
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Biomolecules
Solution of Assignment
19. An organic substance bound to an enzyme and essential for its activity is called
(1) Coenzyme
(2) Holoenzyme
(3) Apoenzyme
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]
(4) Isoenzyme
(2) RNA
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]
(3) Simple protein
(4) Ribonucleoprotein
(2) Asparagine
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]
(3) Glycine
(4) Alanine
H
HOOC
NH2
H = R group
22. Enzymes, vitamins and hormones can be classified into a single category of biological chemicals, because all of
these
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]
(1) Enhance oxidative metabolism
(2) Are conjugated proteins
(3) Are exclusively synthesized in the body of a living organism as at present
(4) Help in regulating metabolism
Sol. Answer (4)
(1) is incorrect, because enzymes can both enhance and inhibit the oxidative metabolism.
(3) is incorrect, different enzymes, vitamins and hormones are synthesized in the body at different situations.
(2) is incorrect, because all hormones and enzymes are not conjugated protein.
23. Carbohydrates, the most abundant biomolecules on earth, are produced by
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]
Solution of Assignment
Biomolecules
19
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]
(1) Non-competitive inhibition of an enzyme can be overcome by adding large amount of substrate
(2) Competitive inhibition is seen when a substrate competes with an enzyme for binding to an inhibitor protein
(3) Competitive inhibition is seen when the substrate and the inhibitor compete
(4) Non-competitive inhibitors often bind to the enzyme irreversibly
Sol. Answer (3)
(1) is wrong, because competitive inhibition of an enzyme can be overcome by adding large amount of
substrate.
(2) is wrong, because competitive inhibtion is seen when a substrate competes with an inhibitor for binding
to the active site of enzyme.
(4) is wrong, because non-competitive inhibitor often bind to enzyme irreversibly.
25. The catalytic efficiency of two different enzymes can be compared by the
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]
(2) C, N, O and P
(3) H, O, C and N
(4) C, H, O and S
(2) Glycine
(4) Serine
(2) Hydrophobic
(3) Neutral
20
Biomolecules
Solution of Assignment
30. The major role of minor elements inside living organisms is to act as
(1) Co-factors of enzymes
(2) Base-sugar-OH
(3) (Base-sugar-phosphate)n
(4) Sugar-phosphate
(2) Arginine
(3) Valine
(4) Asparagine
(2) Cytosine
(3) Thiamine
Solution of Assignment
Biomolecules
21
36. Which of the following is incorrect regarding the amino acids and their functions?
(1) Tyrosine
: Converted into epinephrine hormone and used in the synthesis of melanin pigment
(2) Glycine
(3) Tryptophan
(4) Histidine
O
CH2 O C R1
O
CH2 O C R1
O
(1) CH O C R2
O
(2) CH O C R2
O
+
CH2 O C R3
OH
O
CH2 O C R1
O
(3) CH O C R2
O
CH3
(4) R2 C O CH
OH
CH2 O P OH
CH2 O C R1
OH
CH3
(2) Chlorophyll
(4) Tannins
(3) Lipid
(4) Protein
(2) Carbohydrate
22
Biomolecules
Solution of Assignment
(3) Proteins
(4) Carbohydrates
(2) Cellulose
(3) Lipids
(4) Steroids
(3) Vitamin
(3) Lipid
(4) Carbohydrate
(2) Lactose
(3) Glucose
(4) Sucrose
(2) Glycogen
(3) Lactose
(4) Galactose
Solution of Assignment
Biomolecules
23
Fructose Monosaccharide
Glucose Monosaccharide;
Maltose Disaccharide
Lactose Disaccharide;
Glycogen Polysaccharide
Cellulose Polysaccharide;
Starch Polysaccharide
(4)
Sucrose
24
Biomolecules
Solution of Assignment
52. An important step in the manufacture of pulp for paper industry is the
(1) Preparation of pure cellulose
(2) Treatment of wood with chemicals that break down cellulose
(3) Removal of oils present in the wood by treatment with suitable chemicals
(4) Removal of water from the wood by prolonged heating at approximately 50C
Sol. Answer (1)
Because the raw material for paper is cellulose.
53. 1-4 linkages are present in
(1) Cellulose
(2) Chitin
(3) Starch
Chitin
Starch
(2) 20%
(3) 30%
(4) 40%
Solution of Assignment
Biomolecules
25
57. Which of the following pairs of nitrogenous bases of nucleic acids is mismatched with the category mentioned
against it?
(1) Adenine, Thymine Purines
(2) Uracil
(3) Cytosine
(4) Guanine
(2) 0.34 nm
(3) 20 nm
(4) 10 nm
(2) Primase
(4) Endonuclease
Primase
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Biomolecules
Solution of Assignment
63. The 3-5 phosphodiester linkages inside a polynucleotide chain serve to join
(1) One DNA strand with the other DNA strand
(2) Nucleoside
(4) Vitamin
Potential
energy
Transition state
Activation energy without enzyme
Activation energy with enzyme
Substrate
energy
Product
Progress of reaction
66. Which of the following factor(s) do(es) not affect enzyme activity?
A. Temperature
B. pH
C. Enzyme concentration
D. Product concentration
E. Substrate concentration
F. Activation energy
(1) C only
(2) C & D
(3) D only
(4) F only
(2) Malonate
(3) Oxaloacetate
Solution of Assignment
Biomolecules
27
(2) Enzyme
(4) Temperature
Reaction
velocity
No
Inhibitor
With inhibitor
Vmax
2
Km
K'm
[S]
vmax
Velocity
of reaction
vmax
2
Km
[s]
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Biomolecules
Solution of Assignment
72. If an enzyme has been given the EC code 5.2.1.7, it is likely to be involved in
(1) Digestion
(3) Isomerization
Enzyme (Holoenzyme)
Protein
(Apoenzyme)
Non-protein
(Cofactor)
Organic compound
Tightly bound
(Prosthetic group)
Inorganic compound
Loosely bound
(Coenzyme)
(2) Chromoprotein
(3) Lipoprotein
(4) Nucleoprotein
(2) Cellophane
Cellulose xanthate
(3) Carboxypeptidase
(4) Aminopeptidase
Solution of Assignment
Biomolecules
29
SECTION - D
Assertion-Reason Type Questions
1.
A : Hormones are not enzymes, but they can stimulate the release of enzymes.
R : Hormones are used up in metabolism, but enzymes can act over and over again.
A : Dextrins are intermediate polysaccharides formed during hydrolysis of starch into sugar.
R : Ascorbic acid is a sugar derivative.
A : The polypeptide coil of collagen helix is strengthened by the estabilishment of hydrogen bond between >
NH - group of glycine residue of each strand with CO group of other two strand.
R : In collagen helix locking effect also occurs with the help of proline and hydroxyproline amino acid.
30
9.
Biomolecules
Solution of Assignment
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